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Flooding is one of the most recurrent natural disasters in Central Java Province, particularly during the rainy season. Diverse geographical characteristics, high rainfall intensity, and rapid urban development contribute to the region’s high vulnerability to flood hazards. According to the Central Java Statistics Agency, a total of 414 flood events and 407,784 affected victims were recorded between 2019 and 2021. This study aims to develop a web-based Geographic Information System (GIS) capable of mapping the spatial distribution and impact levels of floods across Central Java. The methodology includes collecting flood event data from the Central Java Statistics Agency, processing spatial data such as administrative boundary shapefiles, performing attribute integration between spatial and non-spatial datasets, and creating thematic maps using QGIS. The visualization outputs were exported into an interactive web format using the qgis2web plugin and subsequently integrated into a website developed with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. The results show that the GIS system successfully visualizes flood-prone areas, identifies regions with high flood intensity, and enables users to explore detailed information through interactive digital maps. Additional website features—such as historical flood data, statistical summaries, and descriptive impact indicators—enhance the system's usefulness for disaster analysis. This study demonstrates the crucial role of GIS in supporting disaster mitigation, spatial planning, and policy evaluation related to flood management. Future research is recommended to incorporate more recent datasets and additional non-spatial variables such as rainfall intensity and floodwater depth to improve the system’s analytical accuracy and comprehensiveness.

This study aims to design and build a population distribution application in Demak Regency in 2025 using a Geographic Information System (GIS) approach. The study focuses on three main variables: population, population density, and population growth rate per sub-district. The author used the research method of collecting data and references that can later strengthen the results of this study and the application design using the waterfall model. Non-spatial data, namely data in the form of population information, was obtained from the Central Statistics Agency of Demak Regency, while spatial data is data related to regional administrative boundaries. Data processing was carried out using QGIS 2.18 through the stages of joining attributes, classification using the Natural Breaks (Jenks) method, and thematic map creation. The results show that population distribution is uneven. Demak Kota, Karangtengah, and Sayung sub-districts have the highest number and density, while coastal sub-districts such as Wedung and Bonang have low densities. The highest population growth rate is in Karangtengah sub-district at 0.8%. The application of GIS has proven effective in visualizing population distribution and supporting spatial-based regional development planning.  

This study aims to analyze the level of flood hazard in Baturaja Barat District, Ogan Komering Ulu Regency, by applying a spatial approach using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) through the overlay method. The analysis was carried out by integrating six main physical parameters, namely rainfall, land use, elevation, slope, river density, and soil type. Each parameter was assigned a score and weight according to its influence on flood potential and subsequently processed spatially to produce a flood hazard map. The results indicate that the Baturaja Barat District area is classified into three hazard levels: low (3.25%), moderate (70.64%), and high (25.84%). Areas with high hazard levels are predominantly characterized by densely populated settlements situated at low elevations and in close proximity to river networks, particularly in Tanjung Karang, Air Gading, Talang Jawa, Karang Agung, and surrounding villages. These findings highlight that land-use changes, topographic conditions, and the distribution of river networks play significant roles in increasing flood risk. The results of this study are expected to serve as a foundation for spatial planning, the strengthening of disaster mitigation policies, and the enhancement of community preparedness against flood hazards in the region.

Barru Regency tourism has a variety of tourist attractions, but information related to the location and potential of tourism has not been digitally integrated, making it difficult for tourists and the government to access data. This study aims to design and build a web-based Geographic Information System (GIS) that can map the location of tourist attractions in Barru Regency interactively, easily accessible, and equipped with supporting information in the form of descriptions, types of tourism, photos, and travel routes. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the stages of tourist attraction surveys, interface design, feature development, and system testing. The results of the study are in the form of a website "Web-Based Geographic Information System for Mapping Tourist Attractions in Barru Regency" which is able to present tourist information systematically and easily understood. The conclusion of this study shows that the developed system can be a supporting medium in disseminating tourism information, helping tourists find tourist locations, and supporting the local government in managing and developing the tourism sector based on spatial data. This application also has the potential to be an educational and promotional tool to increase tourist visits to Barru Regency  

Indonesia has extraordinary resources and potential in developing renewable energy sources (RES), but various obstacles must be overcome in implementing RES. The purpose of this study is to analyze the gap in the application of RES. This gap includes energy knowledge, community participation, battery waste management, service quality, regulation, and legal policy. This study uses a mixed-methods approach, by conducting a structured questionnaire in quantitative data collection, while qualitative data collection through special interviews, focused group discussions, and conducting policy regulation analysis. The results show that 62% of people do not understand RES, 28% are involved in project planning, and 74% are unaware of SOP (standard operating procedures) regarding battery waste recycling. The results of the correlation analysis reveal a positive relationship between the level of knowledge and interest in RES (R = 0.56). Also, the developed community-based participation model includes initial involvement, transparency of information, and local incentives. These findings further strengthen the compatibility of the innovation diffusion theory, planned behavior theory, SERVQUAL, and the theory of public interest. This study will make a practical contribution through evidence-based strategies in increasing resilience, especially for policymakers and energy service providers. The impact of the policy aspects includes the need for large reforms, education, public campaigns, and the realization of battery waste management systems. This study also provides an opportunity for further study by expanding the geographical scope and related industrial sectors.  

This study aims to analyze variations in flood inundation heights in Medan City through 2024 using a quantitative approach based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The data used include field surveys, flood hazard maps, rainfall data, land use, and regional topography. The results show that flood heights vary between 0 and 100 cm, with distribution influenced by a combination of rainfall intensity, land use changes, drainage capacity, and topographic characteristics. The northern area of ​​the city has the highest flood heights and risk, driven by low elevation, inadequate drainage systems, and proximity to the coast and major rivers. This study emphasizes the importance of drainage management, river normalization, and spatial utilization control as effective and sustainable flood mitigation measures in Medan City. The findings of this study recommend improvements to the drainage system, river normalization, spatial utilization control, and the use of spatial data as a basis for more effective and sustainable flood mitigation planning in Medan City.

The manual driver scheduling system in the “Mobil keluarga”Rudi car rental Medan business often faces conflicts and inefficiencies. Problems such as driver double-booking, where Driver A is scheduled to accompany Guest B while still serving Guest C, lead to service delays and customer dissatisfaction. This research aims to design and implement a driver allocation module integrated with a Geographic Information System (GIS) to optimize the scheduling process. The method used is Research and Development (R&D) with data collection through interviews and system design using UML and prototyping in Figma. The proposed system utilizes GIS to map driver locations in real-time and identify the nearest available driver to a customer, thereby reducing allocation decision time. It is hoped that this research can produce a system design that serves as a solution to improve service efficiency and operational productivity in Rudi car rental Medan businesses. The integration of GIS in driver allocation is the novelty of this study in the context of small and medium-sized rental businesses.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the integration of the Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system with feeder transportation in improving the connectivity and accessibility of public transportation in Medan City. The research methods used include field surveys, interviews, and spatial analysis based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to map the transportation network and assess the scope of services. The analysis was carried out by comparing the existing conditions of the BRT (Corridors 2 and 3) and the results of the simulation after the integration of five feeder routes (A2, A3, A6, A7, and A8). The results show that the integration of feeder routes is able to increase service coverage from 57.84 km² to 128.84 km² (an increase of 122.8%), as well as expand the served area from 23 to 44 zones, with an increase in service ratio from 26% to 57%. In addition, the average distance to the bus stop decreased from 1.2 km to 0.6 km, and the route overlap was reduced by 40%. Spatially, areas with high accessibility (<500 m from bus stops) have increased significantly in city centers such as Merdeka Square and Petisah Market. This study concludes that the integration of BRT and feeder is an effective strategy to realize a sustainable, efficient, and inclusive transportation system in the city of Medan. The implementation of a rotating operating system is also recommended to optimize the fleet without the need for the addition of new vehicles.

Puddles after rainfall remain a common environmental issue in urban areas, including in higher education environments. At Sultan Syarif Kasim State Islamic University (UIN Suska) Riau, post-rain flooding often disrupts academic activities and reduces comfort among campus residents. This study aims to identify the locations of post-rain flooding, analyze the contributing factors, and explore the perspectives and proposed solutions of the campus community through a participatory mapping approach. The study employed a qualitative descriptive method supported by Geographic Information System (GIS) spatial analysis. Data were collected through field observations, interviews with students, lecturers, and staff, and GPS-based flood point mapping. Results show that puddles frequently occur in main parking areas, inter-faculty roads, and flat areas around the Student Activity Center. The main causes include inadequate drainage systems, clogged channels due to waste, limited infiltration zones, and impervious surfaces. The campus community suggested solutions such as improving drainage, constructing infiltration wells, and adopting the green campus concept. Participatory mapping proved effective not only for identifying environmental problems but also for raising ecological awareness and shared responsibility among the academic community.

Accurate paddy field area data is a crucial factor in agricultural development planning, particularly as a basis for formulating data-driven programs and policies. One of the main problems encountered at the regional level is the continued reliance on administrative data that does not fully reflect actual field conditions due to land use changes, boundary inaccuracies, and limited verification processes. This study aims to determine an appropriate method for obtaining accurate paddy field area data through the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Maros Regency. The research employed a descriptive quantitative approach using spatial analysis methods. The data utilized consisted of Paddy Field Base Data, National Geospatial Base Maps, high-resolution satellite imagery, and field verification data. Spatial analysis was conducted through digitization, overlay, intersect, and area calculation processes using ArcMap 10.8 software. The results indicate that GIS-based spatial analysis produces more accurate and verified paddy field area data compared to conventional administrative data. The integration of spatial data with field verification effectively minimizes measurement errors and boundary discrepancies. This method can serve as a reliable reference for providing accurate agricultural base data to support planning and policy-making in the agricultural sector.

Advancements in information technology have created significant opportunities for more efficient spatial data management, including the mapping of government buildings. To support this effort, this study develops a web-based geographic information system for mapping government buildings in Bandung City using Leaflet.js. The system aims to facilitate interactive map visualization and provide more accurate and structured access to spatial data. The Agile method is applied in the system development process, consisting of six main stages: needs identification, design, development, testing, implementation, and evaluation. The system is designed using the Laravel or CodeIgniter framework as the backend and Leaflet.js for dynamic spatial data presentation. The research results indicate that the system can display geographic information accurately and interactively while supporting search, filtering, and responsive map display features across various devices. Additionally, the Agile approach has proven to enhance development efficiency and user experience. With this system, the government can manage building data more effectively, transparently, and efficiently to support planning and decision-making based on spatial data.

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) play a vital role in managing and analyzing data related to geographical locations. This research aims to develop a Geographic Information System to map the distribution of internship students at Stella Maris University, Sumba, based on their geographical locations. This system is expected to provide clearer and more detailed information regarding the distribution of internship students, making it easier for the university to plan and manage internship activities more efficiently. This system is built using web-based GIS software, with location data obtained from the university's internship management system. By utilizing GIS technology, users can easily access digital maps that show the locations of students' internships and analyze their distribution. The implementation of this system is expected to benefit students, the university, and partner companies in monitoring the progress of the internship program and ensuring its successful implementation. The advantage of this system is its ease of access and use, as well as its ability to provide more accurate and visual data. It is hoped that this system will serve as a reference for the development of similar systems in the future and contribute positively to higher education in Sumba

This research discusses the development of a school Geographic Information System (GIS) based on a microservice architecture to simplify access and management of school data. The background of this study is the need for an efficient and well-organized school data management system that can present school information interactively to the public. The purpose of this research is to build a system capable of displaying school locations and providing data management features for teachers, students, and school accreditation through CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations. The development method includes database design, API creation for each microservice, data integration through an interactive map interface using Leaflet, and system testing using the Black Box Testing method. The test results show that all system features function properly and meet user requirements. The implementation of microservice architecture allows the system to be more flexible, easily updated, and well distributed among services. With this system, the public can access school information quickly and accurately, while schools can manage their data more effectively.

Business expansion is a strategic step undertaken by companies to increase profitability while broadening their market reach. Hoka Hoka Bento (HokBen) is one of the companies that consistently implements this strategy. This study aims to identify potential locations for new HokBen outlets in Depok City by utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and spatial analysis. Several parameters were considered, including proximity to commercial and entertainment centers, competitors, educational facilities, public facilities, road networks, population density, banking services, hotels, offices, residential areas, hospitals, existing stores, and places of worship. The analysis was conducted using Euclidean Distance, Buffering, Reclassification, and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the priority weights of each criterion. These weights were then integrated through the Weighted Overlay technique to produce a location suitability map. The findings reveal that the most influential factors are commercial and entertainment buildings (0.101), road networks (0.099), and educational facilities (0.092). The resulting suitability map highlights potential areas across Depok City, particularly in zones close to community activity centers. The results demonstrate that GIS-based multicriteria analysis is effective for mapping location suitability and identifying strategic zones for expansion. Therefore, this research contributes to supporting the company’s strategic decision-making through data-driven approaches while also enriching the academic field of business geography and urban planning. In addition, the outcomes can be applied as a reference model for other fast-food chains or retail industries planning spatially optimized expansion strategies in highly competitive urban environments.

This study examines the implementation of home care-based health service innovations at Dr. M. Thomsen Nias Regional General Hospital as an adaptive strategy to overcome limited access to services in island regions. The aim is to analyze the benefits, challenges, and strategies for strengthening the program, with a focus on human resource management aspects. The research method employs a descriptive qualitative approach through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentary studies involving relevant stakeholders. The results indicate that home care significantly improves accessibility for vulnerable groups, reduces geographical barriers, and enhances the quality of interaction between healthcare workers and patients. The program's success is influenced by visionary leadership, selective recruitment, continuous training, and sustained work motivation. However, challenges such as high workloads, logistical limitations, and suboptimal cross-unit coordination remain. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of institutional strengthening, the establishment of a dedicated home care unit, the use of information technology, and cross-sector collaboration based on local values to ensure the sustainability of the program and improve the health status of communities in remote areas. Furthermore, this study underscores the importance of continuously evaluating the performance of home care services through measurable indicators based on local needs. Routine monitoring and active community involvement as beneficiaries can increase accountability and encourage participation in maintaining service continuity. Strengthening an organizational culture that is adaptive and responsive to changes in the external environment is also key to anticipating the dynamic health needs of island communities. Thus, the home care approach is not merely a short-term solution but also part of the transformation of the health care system toward a more inclusive and socially just model. 

Manado City is highly vulnerable to hydrometeorological disasters due to its geographical conditions, rapid and uncontrolled urbanization, and the intensifying impacts of climate change. These risks underline the importance of effective disaster mitigation strategies that go beyond government intervention and involve active participation from communities and non-governmental organizations. In this context, collaboration among various actors becomes a crucial foundation for developing an adaptive and participatory disaster governance system. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of actor collaboration in disaster mitigation efforts in Manado City, with particular emphasis on patterns of interaction, role distribution, and structural as well as cultural barriers that influence the effectiveness of multi-stakeholder synergy. Employing a qualitative case study approach, this research relies on secondary data gathered from official documents, government policy reports, and relevant academic publications. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify key themes and relational dynamics among stakeholders. The findings reveal that although strong driving factors exist—such as a high level of disaster risk, increasing public awareness, and the availability of institutional frameworks—collaboration remains largely procedural and government-dominated, with limited engagement from non-government actors. Challenges such as weak trust among stakeholders, insufficient substantive dialogue, and the absence of an integrated disaster information system continue to hinder the realization of effective collaborative practices. The study concludes by highlighting the urgency of adopting a collaborative governance model that emphasizes equality, mutual trust, and meaningful participation. Theoretically, this research contributes to the discourse on disaster governance by providing insights into actor relations in a disaster-prone urban context. Practically, it proposes an adaptive collaboration framework that can be replicated in other cities facing similar disaster vulnerabilities, thereby strengthening resilience and community preparedness.

The development of digital technology has driven transformation across various sectors, including the food and beverage industry. Dessert businesses face challenges in improving operational efficiency and competitiveness in the digital market. One possible solution is the use of websites as marketing and sales platforms. However, without proper management methods, the utilization of this technology will not be optimal. Therefore, this study applies the POAC (Planning, Organizing, Actuating, Controlling) method to develop a website- based dessert sales system aimed at enhancing business efficiency and customer satisfaction. This study employs a descriptive approach with the POAC method in website-based marketing strategies. The planningphase involves designing e-commerce features, such as product catalogs, an online ordering system, and digital payments. The organizing phase focuses on resource management and technology integration, while actuating includes implementing the system using MySQL, PHP, and CodeIgniter. The controlling phase is conducted through system testing using the Blackbox Testing method to evaluate application performance. The study results indicate that implementing the POAC method in a website- based system enhances the operational efficiency of dessert businesses. Transaction records become more accurate, customers can easily access product information, and the digital payment system improves transaction convenience. Furthermore, the website enables businesses to reach a broader market without geographical limitations. The implementation of the POAC method in website-based business management has proven to improve marketing and sales effectiveness. With a more structured system, businesses can better adapt to market changes and enhance customer interactions. This digital-based strategy also opens new opportunities for developing the culinary business in the modern era.

Archives, as information recorded in various media, including cassette tapes, hold significant historical, cultural, and commercial value. These materials are classified as audiovisual archives. Among them, cassette tapes containing national and international songs form part of the collection at the Museum Musik Indonesia, located in Malang, East Java, Indonesia. As a self-managed museum run by a community of music enthusiasts, the Museum Musik Indonesia provides public access to information about its song collections. Given the large number of cassette tapes preserved, an effective information arrangement system is essential. This study recommends the use of a geographical classification system to organize the collection. Archive data is entered into a database using Microsoft Excel, allowing for structured cataloging and easier retrieval. This research employs a qualitative method, involving interviews with several informants from the Museum Musik Indonesia. The findings indicate that applying a geographical classification system in organizing cassette tape archives significantly improves the museum’s management capabilities. This system facilitates the rediscovery of archived items, enhances organization, and supports accurate record-keeping. Furthermore, electronic storage of archive information reduces the risk of data loss and ensures long-term preservation. The implementation of this arrangement not only benefits internal management but also enhances the quality of service provided to museum visitors. By enabling quicker and more accurate access to the collection, the museum can offer a richer and more engaging visitor experience. This study demonstrates that systematic archival practices, even when implemented with accessible tools like Microsoft Excel, can yield substantial benefits in cultural heritage preservation. The approach can serve as a reference for other small-scale or community-based museums seeking efficient, low-cost methods for managing and safeguarding their archival assets.

The global economic crisis has prompted developing countries, including the BRICS group (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa), to strengthen cooperation in creating a multipolar economic order as a form of resistance to Western domination. Mass media plays a crucial role in framing this dynamic. This study aims to examine how The Jakarta Post constructs the BRICS narrative through three main dimensions in Vincent Mosco's Political Economy of Communication theory: commodification, spatialization, and structuring. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques in the form of documentation and analysis of news published in The Jakarta Post between June 18, 2024, and January 31, 2025. Data were categorized based on the type of information and main themes, then analyzed using Mosco's theoretical concepts. The results show that the commodification process occurs when geopolitical issues, such as Indonesia's opportunity to join BRICS, are transformed into media commodities appealing to elite readers and strategic economic actors. This practice also involves the contribution of experts, but often without equitable compensation. Spatialization is reflected in the real-time distribution of digital content that transcends geographical and temporal boundaries, strengthening the penetration of BRICS discourse into the international public sphere. Structuralization emerges in the narrative of building a new world order through BRICS agendas such as dedollarization, technological integration, and alternative payment systems, although it remains overshadowed by the dominance of Western financial institutions. Thus, media coverage not only represents geopolitical dynamics but also transforms strategic issues into information products with economic value, while revealing the tension between the aspirations of developing countries and established global hegemony.

The development of information and communication technology has changed the global trade landscape, including in Indonesia. The city of Pekanbaru as the capital of Riau Province has great potential in the development of e-commerce that is integrated with the concept of a smart city. This research aims to analyze the optimization of e-commerce through the implementation of the smart city concept in Pekanbaru. Using a qualitative approach and secondary data analysis, this study examines technological infrastructure, government policies, and community participation in supporting the e-commerce ecosystem. The results show that the implementation of the smart city concept can improve the effectiveness of e-commerce platforms through improved digital connectivity, integrated payment systems, and more efficient logistics services. The adoption of technologies such as big data, Internet of Things (IoT), and geographic information systems (GIS) also supports more responsive decision-making, both by business actors and government agencies. In addition, the involvement of local MSMEs is an important component in expanding the adoption of e-commerce in an inclusive and equitable manner throughout the city. This research also highlights the importance of digital literacy among the public, including micro business actors, to optimize the use of digital technology in business transactions. The local government is expected to strengthen regulations, provide supporting infrastructure, and open cross-sector collaboration to accelerate digital transformation in Pekanbaru. A sustainable education strategy for the community is also needed through training, digital socialization, and technical support so that all levels of society can actively participate in the digital ecosystem. Thus, synergy between the government, business actors, academics, and the community is the main key in creating an adaptive, efficient, and sustainable digital ecosystem, as well as making Pekanbaru a smart city that excels in the field of electronic commerce.