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The objectives of this research are 1) To find out how the Instagram application is used as an online shop marketing communication medium, 2) To find out the obstacles to the Instagram application being used as an online shop marketing communication medium. The location of this research was carried out at the Novashoptakengon.id mini online shop located in Uning Village, Pegasing District, Central Aceh Regency with the number of informants being 1 owner, 4 resellers and 1 consumer of the Novashoptakengon.id Online Shop. Data collection used in this research is interviews and observations with owners, resellers and consumers. Data analysis techniques consist of data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the research are marketing communications carried out via Instagram media which are used by online shop owners through promotions on the Instagram application. Of the various supporting features built into Instagram, the features most frequently used are the Instagram story photo upload and Story Highlights features. In the Instastory feature, Mrs. Nova Sri Rezeki uses it to inform about the latest products and shop situations every day. Meanwhile, to upload photos, Mrs. Nova Sri Rezeki uses it to post new products with attractive layouts. Story Highlights are used to provide important information such as how to order online, shop location instructions, shopee address and others. This feature used is considered very effective and helpful in the product promotion process, because it can convey messages directly to consumers. By utilizing the number of followers which has reached 4,934 thousand, it will make it easier to promote products. The problem with the Instagram application being that it is used as a marketing communication medium for online shops is competition between other online shops, so that the owner must be diligent in posting photos or videos so that his products can be seen by consumers, otherwise he will be at risk of losing consumers. People will switch to other online shops.

Instagram as a social media has become a major platform for individuals to build their self-image online. This research aims to explore and analyze strategies for forming the self-image of Communication Science students at Trunojoyo University, Madura on the social media Instagram. Qualitative research methods were used to interview participants from Communication Science students who actively use Instagram. The research results show that students use various strategies, including photo selection, captions, filters, and hashtags, to build the desired self-image. They also manage interactions with followers and respond to comments to strengthen their self-image. Additionally, findings suggest that social pressure, cultural norms, and peer influence play an important role in the formation of self-image on social media. This research provides in-depth insight into how social media, especially Instagram, influences the formation of Communication Science students' self-image, and its implications for self-concept and social interactions in a digital context. This study also provides a foundation for the development of social media literacy among college students and stimulates further discussion about the impact of social media on individual identity construction.

The aim of entrepreneurship education is to develop attitudes, enthusiasm and the ability to create something of value for oneself and others. Creative, innovative, independent, leadership, good money management and never giving up are entrepreneurial attitudes that must be instilled in children from an early age. As followers of the Prophet Muhammad SAW we need to learn from his figure as an entrepreneur. Where in his journey as an entrepreneur, Rasulullah successfully proved that to start a business one does not have to have money first, there are other elements that are more important than that, namely that one must have the right entrepreneurial mentality. The purpose of this article is to analyze the importance of entrepreneurship education instilled from elementary school age in an Islamic perspective. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature-based approach. Qualitative research relies on the collection and analysis of non-numerical data (such as text, video, or audio) to understand concepts, opinions, or results. Entrepreneurship education taught at elementary school level is believed to be able to reduce children's consumption habits, train them to create something of value and give birth to the next generation to create jobs in the future.

The Asy'ariyah school is one of the schools of kalam science that has been widely studied by academics. The Asy'ariyah sect was founded by Abu Hasan Al-Asy'ari and became one of the forerunners to the birth of the ASWAJA sect or ahlu sunnah waljama'ah. Apart from that, the Asy'ariyah sect has many followers among Muslims in Indonesia. This research aims to analyze the Ash'ariyah sect in historical studies, its influence and main teachings. This research is a type of library research. Data collection techniques come from examining reference sources from relevant research in the form of articles, books and so on. Data analysis techniques by collecting, analyzing and drawing conclusions. The results of the research show that the Ash'ariyah sect became a sect which became the embryo for the birth of the ahl Al-Sunnah Waljama'ah sect which became a para sect from the time of the Prophet Muhammad SAW to his companions. The Ash'ariyah school is a reaction to the Muktazilah school and the main teachings in this school consist of the substance and attributes of God, freedom of will, reason and revelation, goodness and badness and the qadim of the word of Allah SWT, the Being of Allah, justice and the novelty of nature. and the position of the person who sinned.

This paper discusses the characteristics and responsibilities of leaders in the context of the uncertainty that often occurs during crises. The purpose of this research is to gain an understanding of the duties of a person who has the ability to lead and direct his followers. Being a leader must have behavior in performing each task. In this study, the author analyzes and interprets the text from the Bible 1 Samuel 22:1-5. This book tells about the leadership of David who fled and hid from the pursuit of King Saul. In leadership, David became a tough, responsible leader. Even though David was on the run, he still did his duty to help those who were weak and did not look down on them. David was a responsible leader who was able to provide direction, stability, and make wise decisions during difficult times.

Asmaranur Modeling School is a modeling school in Pekanbaru, which was founded by the owner and trainer, Irvan Asmara, on February 1 2020 under the auspices of CV. Asmaranur Persada Sejahtera. AMS Modeling School is the first modeling school that provides learning not only about the catwalk but also education in forming personality such as attitude, public speaking, personal branding, and responsibility. This research aims to find out the Marketing Communication Strategy of Asmaranur Modeling School Pekanbaru through Instagram Social Media. The method in this research used a case study with a qualitative approach and purposive techniques which included interviews, observation, documentation. The informant subjects in this research consisted of 3 informants, namely Irvan Asmara as the owner and instructor, Bima Sakti as the content creator, Wildatul Muslimah as a student who had been registered at AMS for a long time. This research uses New Media theory and the concept of The Circular Model of Some created by Regina Luttrell which has 4 stages, namely share, optimize, manage, engage. The results of this research are that Asmaranur Modeling School Pekanbaru chose the social media Instagram based on the increasing number of social media users and in accordance with Asmaranur Modeling School Pekanbaru's target market, namely young people and adults who are active on Instagram social media. Before posting content, collect photo/video ideas. Asmaranur Modeling School Pekanbaru's Instagram social media is managed directly by Irvan Asmara as the owner and trainer, easily responding to comments from followers, and making it easy to repost tagged posts from me personally, students who take part in activities at Asmaranur Modeling School Pekanbaru. To build engagement with consumers or followers, Asmaranur Modeling School Pekanbaru also creates events and sponsors other important events.

This research wants to find out more about "The Effect of Product Variation on Consumer Purchase Interest" in accordance with the subject matter raised, namely the Effect of Product Variation on Consumer Purchase Interest at Erigo Store through Instagram Media. The background to this research is that in the current digital era, social media, especially Instagram, has become a popular platform for e-commerce businesses to promote and sell their products. In this context, this study tries to understand how the variety of products offered by erigo stores through the media of their Instagram accounts affect consumer buying interest. The purpose of this study was to find out how product variations in Erigo store products can influence consumer buying interest, to find out what factors most influence consumers in choosing Erigo store products through Instagram media. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative research method based on positivistic (concrete data), research data in the form of numbers that will be measured using statistics as a means of calculating the test, related to the problem under study to produce a conclusion. The population in this study are followers of Instagram Erigo store. Conclusions based on the results of the analysis and discussion of money that the researchers have explained, it can be concluded that attractive and varied product variations can increase consumer buying interest.

New local brands are starting to enter the culinary industry so competition is increasing. Several culinary businesses in Indonesia are now thriving thanks to online media, such as Instagram and Golden Lamian. The purpose of this research is to measure @goldenlamian's sales promotion activities on Instagram, determine purchasing decisions, and the influence of sales promotions on Instagram on product purchasing decisions. The theory used is promotions in the form of coupons and special prices or discounts. Apart from purchasing decisions, there are also aspects related to problem recognition, information search, alternative evaluation, and purchasing decisions. This research method is quantitative using a survey method. 61 people were sent a questionnaire via the Instagram account @goldenlamian as part of the data collection strategy. Simple random sampling was used to take samples. The results of this research show that respondents responded (agree) to the Instagram sales promotion @goldenlamian. Meanwhile, the decision to purchase Golden Lamian received a good response (agree) with all variables (Y) in the research questionnaire. The Golden Lamian promotion influenced purchasing decisions by 32%, the remaining 67% was influenced by data from factors other than this research.

The problem in this research is that there are still students who still make mistakes in writing their thesis and also in using punctuation marks and the solution that the researcher provides is to upload the file to Google Drive and carry out analysis using Google Doc. The objectives of this research are (1) To find out language spelling errors in preparing thesis proposals for PGMI STAIBR Sibuhuan students. (2) To find out writing errors in STAIBR Sibuhuan student theses. (3) To describe spelling errors in using capital letters, errors in using italics, and errors in using bold letters in PGMI STAIBR Sibuhuan student theses. In this research the author used a type of field research, the design used was qualitative research, namely research that produces data in the form of written or spoken words from the people being observed. The researcher checked the validity of the data by means of source triangulation and technical triangulation. Source triangulation is triangulation carried out by interviewing various sources, such as the head of the library and lecturers, students from the class of 2017. However, the results obtained must remain the same. Meanwhile, technical triangulation is triangulation carried out by researchers by collecting different data from the same source. By using triangulation techniques in data collection, the data obtained will be better and more certain. Analysis of capital letter errors in writing and italics in students' theses at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Education Study Program (PGMI) Barumun Raya Islamic College (STAIBR) Sibuhuan. caused by errors in the use of capital letters as elements of the first letter of a word at the beginning of a sentence, the first letter of the name of a nation, ethnic group, and language. Analysis of errors in writing prepositions in, to and from students' theses at the Islamic High School Teacher Education Study Program (PGMI). Islam Barumun Raya (STAIBR) Sibuhuan is due to ignorance that the writing must be written separately from the words of its followers or a combination of words that are commonly considered as one word. Analysis of errors in the use of punctuation marks in students' theses at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Education Study Program (PGMI) Barumun Islamic College Raya (STAIBR) Sibuhuan errors which include errors in the use of the period punctuation mark (.), errors in the use of the comma punctuation mark (,), errors in the use of the colon (:), and errors in the use of the question mark (?) errors. Punctuation errors are caused by differences in perception in the use of punctuation marks in accordance with EYD guidelines.    

The problem in this research is that there are still students who still make mistakes in writing their thesis and also in using punctuation marks and the solution that the researcher provides is to upload the file to Google Drive and carry out analysis using Google Doc. The objectives of this research are (1) To find out language spelling errors in preparing thesis proposals for PGMI STAIBR Sibuhuan students. (2) To find out writing errors in STAIBR Sibuhuan student theses. (3) To describe spelling errors in using capital letters, errors in using italics, and errors in using bold letters in PGMI STAIBR Sibuhuan student theses. In this research the author used a type of field research, the design used was qualitative research, namely research that produces data in the form of written or spoken words from the people being observed. The researcher checked the validity of the data by means of source triangulation and technical triangulation. Source triangulation is triangulation carried out by interviewing various sources, such as the head of the library and lecturers, students from the class of 2017. However, the results obtained must remain the same. Meanwhile, technical triangulation is triangulation carried out by researchers by collecting different data from the same source. By using triangulation techniques in data collection, the data obtained will be better and more certain. Analysis of capital letter errors in writing and italics in students' theses at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Education Study Program (PGMI) Barumun Raya Islamic College (STAIBR) Sibuhuan. caused by errors in the use of capital letters as elements of the first letter of a word at the beginning of a sentence, the first letter of the name of a nation, ethnic group, and language. Analysis of errors in writing prepositions in, to and from students' theses at the Islamic High School Teacher Education Study Program (PGMI). Islam Barumun Raya (STAIBR) Sibuhuan is due to ignorance that the writing must be written separately from the words of its followers or a combination of words that are commonly considered as one word. Analysis of errors in the use of punctuation marks in students' theses at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Education Study Program (PGMI) Barumun Islamic College Raya (STAIBR) Sibuhuan errors which include errors in the use of the period punctuation mark (.), errors in the use of the comma punctuation mark (,), errors in the use of the colon (:), and errors in the use of the question mark (?) errors. Punctuation errors are caused by differences in perception in the use of punctuation marks in accordance with EYD guidelines.    

Banana Pasir Memey is a business in Saentis Village that uses Facebook and WhatsApp as sales objects. The Banana Pasir Memey Facebook account has 4,982 followers and each post always has an increase in total likes every year as well as total comments. The positive impact for the UMKM of the Pasir Memey bananas is experiencing an increase in sales in 2020-2022, the negative impact for the UMKM of the Pasir Memey bananas is the shipping costs charged to buyers which will later be taken into consideration when making purchasing decisions. The aim of the research is to test and analyze the influence of online marketing and shipping costs on purchasing decisions among the Pasir Memey Banana UMKM in Saentis Village. This type of research uses a descriptive quantitative approach carried out on customers who have purchased Banana Pasir Memey products, using questionnaire data with a total sample of 70 respondents. The sampling technique is through random sampling technique. The analytical methods used are validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression test, t test, and f test. The results of the research show that online marketing has no significant influence on purchasing decisions and shipping costs have a significant influence on purchasing decisions for UMKM customers of Pasir Memey bananas. The simultaneous test shows that the online marketing variables and shipping costs simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions.

This study aims to investigate the effect of digital marketing (X1) and product variety (X2) on purchasing decisions (Y) with brand image (Z) as a mediator in the context of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Malang City, namely Bakso President. The population of this study were Instagram and Tiktok followers and the sample of this study were 327 respondents. This research technique uses proportional random sampling. This research analysis uses SEM-PLS. The results of this study highlight the importance of a thoughtful digital marketing strategy and high-quality product variety in building a strong brand image. The findings also underline that a positive brand image has a positive impact on consumer purchasing decisions at Bakso President. The practical implication is that MSMEs can utilize brand image as a strategic asset to improve their competitiveness and business growth.

Tolerance is very important among students so that they can respect and accept differences, religious tolerance means understanding and respecting the customary beliefs of others. Tolerance is an attitude or human behavior that does not deviate from religious rules, in which a person respects, respects, and provides wide space for followers of religions to embrace their respective religions without any element of coercion from adherents of other religions.This study used a qualitative descriptive research approach using field research. Sources of data obtained came from the Principal of SD Negeri 1 Sungai Benai, Islamic Religious Education Teachers, Non-Muslim Religious Teachers and Homeroom Teachers. Data obtained through interviews, observation, and documentation. While data analysis includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the teacher's efforts to teach religious tolerance at Sungai Benai I Public Elementary School, students at Sungai Benai I Public Elementary School did not question religious differences in interacting and respecting and respecting one another. Teachers at SD Negeri I Sungai Benai are always fair and never discriminate between students. It can be seen from the point of view of the same facilities between Muslims and non-Muslims.

Work ethic is the totality of an individual's personality in the context of work. Working is a form of self-dedication as a servant of Allah by obeying all His commands and avoiding all prohibitions. For this reason, Allah has provided facilities in the form of surface resources for human use in achieving their well-being. A strong work ethic can fulfill economic needs and desires within the family. Islam encourages its followers to work diligently and not to be lazy, as laziness can lead to poverty. The formation of a work ethic (including Islamic work ethic) is a complex process, involving various factors such as physical, biological, mental-psychological, socio-cultural, and possibly transcendental spiritual conditions and preconditions. This research adopts a qualitative approach and was conducted at the Padang Lamo Street Market, Pulau Temiang, Tebo Ulu District, Tebo Regency, in January 2023. The respondents in this study consisted of 27 individuals, including fish traders, consumers, and religious scholars. The findings of the research on fish traders in the Pulau Temiang Subdistrict Market, Tebo Regency, indicate that fish traders possess crucial work skills, exhibit diverse motivations such as earning a livelihood and pursuing hobbies, their work ethic is driven by the desire to meet their family's needs, and their economic conditions impact their well-being. Challenges include limited education, environmental conditions, and limited alternative job opportunities.

Basically, if a Christian who serves in government lives outside the control of absolute norms, then he tends to break the rules when carrying out his duties and responsibilities. The Bible teaches that sin is the greatest violation of God's law, so that humans are considered guilty before Him and deserve punishment (Romans 3:23 ; 6:23; Isaiah 59 :2). Acts of corruption are regarded as evil deeds in God's eyes, because they do not meet God's standards in leading (cf. Romans 13 :1-4) and should be God's servants who serve the interests of the people. In principle, followers of the Christian religion are called by God to sit in government with the aim that they can carry out their duties and responsibilities in accordance with the teachings of the Bible. To achieve this, adherents of Christianity are expected to prepare themselves to live in faith and holiness according to the teachings of the Bible. According to the author's opinion, it is very important to build faith from an early age before someone plunges into the world of government. This is so that they can be formed and matured in their faith so that they can become witnesses of Christ in community service. Saint Augustine once said, as Price explained, that if Christians live according to the values of the Bible, then they will show genuine love for others  

This study aims to determine the relationship of the User Generated Content and E-WOM variables to Purchase intention and Purchase Decision on Nyrtea's Instagram Followers. The sample of this study was 100 respondents who were Nyrtea Instagram followers, had respondents' criteria from the age of 17 and had made purchases through Instagram social media. Sampling techniques using the questionnaire distribution method through Google Forms. The analysis tool used in the form of SmartPLS 4.0. The results show that UGC has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention, E-WOM has a positive and significant effect on Purchase intention, UGC has no positive and significant effect on Purchase Decision, E-WOM has a positive and significant effect on Purchase Decision, Purchase intention is positive and has a positive effect significant to Purchase Decision.

One of the digital media frequently used by business practitioners for promotion is Instagram. Instagram is utilized as a promotional medium due to its more appealing interface compared to Facebook or Twitter. Instagram is an application for capturing, editing, and sharing photos within the Instagram user community. The research was conducted using a descriptive quantitative approach. Research data was collected through a questionnaire distributed randomly to 99 respondents who were followers of the "Fanaya Catering" social media account. The research results indicate that the use of social media has a positive impact on increasing the sales revenue of catering products.

The existence of world developments as well as digital transformation has created a “Crisis” situation for every brand and business owner in Indonesia. Because the average businessman is unable to adapt to technology. The increasing number of Instagram users has led to the emergence of Instagram accounts to act as advertising and media channels. One of them is the Instagram social media account @andalan.blitar. Therefore, the purpose of this community service activity is to help digital marketing for UMKM in the Kauman area through Instagram social media. The research method used in this study is a descriptive method which collects data using existing facts. The result of this service activity is that followers have an interest in culinary products that are promoted on the Instagram social media account @andalan.blitar by giving likes, comments, and visiting the UMKM.

This study aims to determine the Psychodynamic Approach in the context of leadership. The type of research used is a literature study. The data used in this study are secondary data obtained from literature reviews and websites related to the research topic. Conclusions are drawn by combining the results of previous studies with existing data and several literature references. The results of the research show that the psychodynamic approach in the study and development of leadership focuses on the dynamics of human behavior. Furthermore, the psychodynamic approach maintains the idea that psychological, social, and emotional processes between leaders and followers have a major influence.   Keywords: Psychodynamic Approach, Leadership, Leadership Development

The study of leadership includes autnetic leadership. This focuses on the genuineness and authenticity of authentic leadership. Authentic leadership is about authentic leaders and their leadership, as described in this method. In order to understand what authentic leadership is, authentic approaches, authentic components, and authentic variables must first be identified. Although the information used in this study is secondary. Secondary data is information that researchers have gleaned from pre-existing sources or from the findings of studies and documents that have been preserved as research artifacts. The conduct of leaders and followers is positively impacted by authentic leadership style. Although it can happen, genuine development is difficult to construct