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The aim is to determine the feasibility of long bean farming in Tetona Village, Wonggeduku District, Konawe Regency. In this study, 30 respondents were used with the census method, namely making all existing populations as respondents. The data analysis used in this study was a business feasibility analysis. The income obtained by long bean farmers in Polandangi Village, Wonggeduku District, Konawe Regency was IDR 19,268,785/Ha for one planting season. From the calculation above, it was found that the R/C value of long bean farming is 1.9. This shows that the R/C value of 1.9> 1, meaning that if farmers spend IDR 1, then farmers will get an income of IDR 1.9 and long bean farming in the research area is feasible.

This research aims to analyze the institutional system of coconut agro-industry businesses in Konawe Islands Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The scope of this research is the institutional processing business, namely institutional form, raw material requirements, institutional structure, capital, decision making, data collection techniques through interviews, FGD and expert questionnaires (ISM). Based on the research results, it shows that: The key elements of the palaku coconut processing business development system in Konawe Islands Regency are coconut farmers and consumers of processed coconut products. The key elements needed by players in the coconut processing business development system are easy access and guaranteed marketing of processed products, the need for rehabilitation, intensification and extensification of coconut plants. Sustainability of institutional development of coconut processing businesses requires assistance from universities (PTN-PTS) whose role is to connect between parties which have been an obstacle for farmers and coconut processors.

According to the Central Statistics Agency for 2019-2021, the harvested area and area of ​​corn plants according to districts/cities, corn production comes from five districts, namely Bualemo district, Gorontalo district, Pohuwato district, Bone Bolango district, North Gorontalo district and Gorontalo city with a total of 377 432.00 ha in 2019, 304 945.00 ha in 2020, and 334 945.00 ha in 2021. By the end of 2022 it is predicted that 340,500 hectares or 27.38 percent of the entire Gorontalo land area will be planted with hybrid corn with a total harvest estimated at 1.61 million tons. This research uses qualitative methods, with primary data sources and secondary data. Corn productivity affects the net income of corn farmers apart from the selling price, where low productivity causes minimal harvest results, so the farmer's income is also low. Apart from that, fluctuations in corn prices are also an obstacle in increasing net income, when corn prices are high farmers get bigger profits. However, when the price of corn falls, farmers' income will also decrease. To increase the competitiveness of corn commodities in Gorontalo Province, it is necessary to invest in improving agricultural technology, opening wider market access, and providing greater government policy support. In this way, corn commodities in Gorontalo Province can become more competitive in both local and international markets.    

According to the Central Statistics Agency for 2019-2021, the harvested area and area of ​​corn plants according to districts/cities, corn production comes from five districts, namely Bualemo district, Gorontalo district, Pohuwato district, Bone Bolango district, North Gorontalo district and Gorontalo city with a total of 377 432.00 ha in 2019, 304 945.00 ha in 2020, and 334 945.00 ha in 2021. By the end of 2022 it is predicted that 340,500 hectares or 27.38 percent of the entire Gorontalo land area will be planted with hybrid corn with a total harvest estimated at 1.61 million tons. This research uses qualitative methods, with primary data sources and secondary data. Corn productivity affects the net income of corn farmers apart from the selling price, where low productivity causes minimal harvest results, so the farmer's income is also low. Apart from that, fluctuations in corn prices are also an obstacle in increasing net income, when corn prices are high farmers get bigger profits. However, when the price of corn falls, farmers' income will also decrease. To increase the competitiveness of corn commodities in Gorontalo Province, it is necessary to invest in improving agricultural technology, opening wider market access, and providing greater government policy support. In this way, corn commodities in Gorontalo Province can become more competitive in both local and international markets.

The role of government in agriculture is very important in determining economic policy, in planning to mobilize actors there must be readiness, seriousness and commitment to implement it. In an effort to establish regional autonomy, readiness to face future challenges and effective and efficient management of the regional economy by utilizing regional potential and resources. support that has a comprehensive design is needed, in order to obtain information that is in accordance with the problem formulation and research objectives. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive research method. This research is located in Bolaang Mongondow district (North Sulawesi). Regarding the role of the government in controlling the level of competitiveness of farmer groups in Bolaang Mongondow district (North Sulawesi). Data collection methods This research uses secondary data. The role of the government as a regulator is that the government prepares the implementation of development (issuing regulations in the framework of the effectiveness and orderliness of development administration). capital through providing capital assistance to the community. The government as a catalyst, the village government has a position as an agent that accelerates the development of village potential. The research results show that the government's role in controlling the level of competitiveness of farmer groups in Bolaang Mongondow, North Sulawesi, is very important and has a positive impact. With support and assistance from the government, farmers can increase their productivity, expand markets, and increase their income.    

This research was carried out in December 2023 at Batanghari. The location of this research is determined deliberately (purposive sampling) with the consideration that Batanghari has good potential to carry out catfish farming business activities. Business Catfish rearing cultivation in Batanghari has been established since 2010. The total income obtained by farmers in carrying out a catfish rearing business, namely Rp. 110.000.000 and the income is obtained for one harvest, and the annual income is Rp. 440.000.000. Based on results of calculating the percentage of profits obtained from cultivators Catfish in Batanghari is 500kg, 10 fish per kg. Meanwhile, the value of the cost of production is 3,944. The profit value for the selling price of catfish is IDR 8,006/kg.

This research was conducted with the aim of discussing the Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Income of Vegetable Farmers in Mekar Jaya Village, Sungai Kaca District, Muara Jambi Regency. The factors or variables used and examined for their effect on income are capital, land area, and price. This research is a quantitative method of multiple linear regression research and uses primary data obtained directly from respondents by filling out a questionnaire. The answers to the questionnaires were tested or analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package For Social Science) 26 software. The results of the research that has been done show that capital partially affects the income of vegetable farmers. Land area partially does not affect the income of vegetable farmers. Prices partially do not affect the income of vegetable farmers. Then based on the results of the f test it was found that simultaneously capital, land area, and price did not affect the income of vegetable farmers in Mekar Jaya Village, Sungai Gelam District, Muara Jambi Regency.

Problems that cannot be separated from the agricultural sector, especially in Kec. Percut Sei Tuan, Kab. Deli Serdang is the use of chemical pesticides in agriculture. The use of pesticides in agriculture can have positive and negative consequences for the environment and also the health of farmers. The abundance of onion skin waste is another way that can be optimized for its use as a standard ingredient for making organic pesticides. The aim of this research is to transform the use of chemical pesticides into organic pesticides. The practical method used in this journal is qualitative. Making pesticides from onion skin waste can be used to control pest attacks and rice plant diseases. Using onion skin waste as an environmentally friendly pesticide is a more sustainable alternative and has a smaller negative impact on the environment compared to using chemical pesticides.

The impact of social media on economic changes in society can be seen from various aspects. Social media has had a significant impact especially in consumer behavior, marketing and business interactions. Apart from that, social media also influences people's social and economic behavior patterns, such as adapting to new habits, communication patterns, and creating a digital entrepreneurial ecosystem. Social media also has positive impacts, such as making interaction easier, expanding reach, and obtaining information at lower costs. However, there are also negative impacts, such as decreased face-to-face interaction, potential for addiction, conflict, and privacy issues. The use of social media has also initiated changes in social and economic behavior, for example in the case of farmers switching to the agrotourism sector due to social media activities, as well as influencing the presence of agrotourism and collaboration with outside parties. Thus, it can be concluded that social media has a significant role in shaping social and economic change in society, both in positive and negative terms.

Unequal and efficient distribution of crop yields is a challenge that is often faced in the corn farming industry. This can be detrimental to farmers because it results in a buildup of unsold corn crops in several areas. To overcome this challenge, a technology-based solution is needed so that it can reach customers easily by creating a website that aims to help equalize the distribution of corn harvests, with a more efficient system for managing corn supply and demand. By using an Agile approach in website development, It is hoped that it can produce a system that suits user needs in a short time. The design stage will be carried out using the Unified Modelling Language (UML) approach. In black box testing, it was proven that the use of websites to equalize agricultural products has been proven to be able to build a more efficient system for managing corn supply and demand. In addition, the services provided through the website can reduce product distribution costs and speed up the buying and selling process with customers. 

Salak is a fruit that can be harvested throughout the year, it can also benefit farmers, especially in Haunatas village in Marancar sub-district, South Tapanuli district. Through the processing of salak, it can increase the economy of the people there, especially congregations who experience poverty in the economy. In an effort to improve the community's economy, several governments have made things or efforts to reduce this poverty and also the church has a very important role in this matter where the Church provide some knowledge in the form of knowledge skills and also donations in the form of funds for knowledge in processing salak fruit. Salak fruit can be processed into various preparations, such as making snake fruit dodol, snake fruit jam and other sweets. With this processing, it can reduce some of the poverty in the congregation, although not everything can be coordinated well. However, at least the church has tried to overcome poverty in the congregation, especially in the village of Haunatas, by utilizing snake fruit which is a characteristic of that area.    

One of Indonesia's best coffee-producing regions is located in Sumatra. Sidikalang coffee is one of the best types of coffee produced in the region, which is important information for coffee enthusiasts. Sidikalang is located in Dairi Regency, North Sumatra, where this coffee is grown. The purpose of this research is to describe so that people understand how to maintain and improve the quality of their products. The research method used is a qualitative method by analyzing through journals, books, and scientific sources and also descriptive discourse directly through whatsApp video calls with Mrs. Nurhaini Pasaribu as a robusta coffee farmer in Gurutuha village, Sidikalang, Lae Parira sub-district, Dairi district.. Information regarding the recent increase in Sidikalang coffee prices was obtained from a legitimate source, namely the Regional Executive Board of the Indonesian Coffee Exporters Association (BPD AEKI) as of July 7, 2023, data shows that the price of robusta coffee beans reached around Rp35,000/kg, an increase from the previous price of around Rp30,000/kg two months ago. This price includes coffee both in bean form and after being ground into powder. So, the increase in the selling price of Sidikalang Robusta Coffee is due to its increasingly good quality. Moreover, today's millennial farmers are more painstaking in the selection of seeds, fertilizers, soil and so on. Indeed, before the increase in the price of Robusta Sidikalang coffee, there was a problem with the quality of the coffee.

Rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) are rice-producing plants which are a source of carbohydrates for most of the world's population. Almost 95% of Indonesia's population consumes rice as a staple food, so every year the demand for rice increases as the population increases. Therefore, farmers must choose quality seeds. In this era of fast and efficient technological progress, this is a very good thing for all progress in various fields. more and more fields of knowledge are developing, one of which is the existence of a decision-making system. a set of model-based procedures for processing and valuing data to help managers make decisions. This decision-making system uses several variables as input consisting of: type of variety, seed shape, seed color, root, seed age. The method used by the author is Fuzzy Tsukamoto. In the Tsukamoto method, it is explained that each consequence in IF-Then must be explained with a fuzzy set that has a membership function that does not change or is monotonous and for programming it uses PHP. The results obtained from the research that the authors conducted were in the form of a decision-making system to get the best seed yields.

Salak farmers in South Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra, face the challenge of low prices during harvest season. To overcome this, they developed salak fruit processing into salak dodol. This step is expected to increase the economic value of their products. The biblical value that can be linked to the solution provided by the farmer group is Genesis 2:15. This verse reflects the value of hard work and human effort to cultivate and maintain natural resources, in line with the salak farmers' efforts in processing salak fruit into salak dodol. This study used a qualitative approach with interviews of salak processing industry employees and analysis of related literature. The processing process involves cleaning, cooking, adding brown sugar and coconut milk, and forming the dough into dodol. The result not only increases economic value, but also provides health benefits. Dodol salak has high economic value, opens local business opportunities, creates jobs, and supports regional economic growth. The product also provides a healthy and delicious food alternative. The positive impact is seen in the improvement of the welfare of the local community, diversification of farmers' income sources, promotion of cultural heritage, and tourist attraction. Processing salak into salak dodol not only increases economic value but also supports the economic growth and welfare of salak farmers, making this practice a sustainable solution.

This study aims to determine the implementation of Law No. 41 of 2009 concerning Protection of Sustainable Food Agriculture Land in Surakarta City and its obstacles. Research background, that the development of food security and sovereignty needs to be carried out through the provision and establishment of sustainable food agricultural land. But in urban areas, efforts to maintain the existence of agricultural land are quite complicated problems. The high demand for land due to the development of housing, trade, services, industry and others causes a large proportion of the agricultural area to continue to decline every year. The promulgation of Law No. 41 of 2009 concerning Protection of Sustainable Food Agriculture Land is expected to reduce the high rate of conversion of rice fields and maintain their ecological functions. This type of research is an empirical legal research. The nature of the research is descriptive because it wants to describe the implementation of Law Number 41 of 2009 concerning Protection of Sustainable Food Agriculture Land in Surakarta City. The results of the study, that the implementation of Law Number 41 of 2009 concerning Land Sustainable food agriculture in the City of Surakarta was only at the stage of inventorying paddy fields and had not yet arrived at the formation of a Regional Regulation. The reason is that paddy fields in the city of Surakarta are not productive because there is no technical irrigation network available, the majority of the livelihoods of the people of Surakarta are not as farmers, and the high demands of settlement needs as a consequence of the development of urban areas. This is in accordance with the results of identification by the Department of Agriculture, BPN and BAPPEDA that out of 111 hectares of agricultural land listed in the Regional Spatial Planning of Surakarta City No. 1 of 2012, the total area of agricultural land is less than 111 hectares and only 80-90 hectares of land. agriculture that is not cultivated and partly in the form of paddy fields surrounded by housing. The absence of a regional regulation that stipulates the protection of sustainable agricultural land causes in practice there is no clarity regarding protected land, sanctions for violations or incentives that will be accepted by the community if they do not carry out or protect the agricultural land they own.

This research aims to analyze the influence of knowledge and convenience variables on farmers' decisions to pay zakat. This research is quantitative research. The population in this study was 2,185. By using random sampling techniques, a sample of 100 respondents was taken. The data processing process uses SPSS 26. The results of the research show that Knowledge has an effect of t-count t-count of 7.728 which is greater than t-table 1.648 and the significance of 0.00 is smaller than 0.05, so partially the knowledge variable has a significant effect on the decision variable ( Y). Ease of influence has a t-count of 21.886 which is greater than the t-table of 1.648 and the significance of 0.00 is smaller than 0.05, so partially the Ease variable has a significant effect on the Decision variable (Y). Simultaneously the variable knowledge (X1) and ease ( X2) together influence the farmers' decision to pay zakat as F-calculation is 325,690 > from F-table 3.864 and the significance value of F is 0.00 < 0.05, so the hypothesis can be accepted. This shows that together the independent variables consist of Knowledge (X1) and Convenience (X2) have a significant effect on the dependent variable, in this case Decision (Y).

The purpose of this research is to analyse the liability of farmers who make defaults on savings and loan agreements at KSP Kopdit Pintu Air Lembor branch. The type of research used by the author is Empirical Legal research, the type of data used in this research is qualitative data. The data used in the research based on the relevance of the source data, namely primary and secondary data. The results of this study are that the reasons for the default of farmers on savings and loan agreements at KSP Kopdit Pintu Air Lembor Branch as follows are reduced rice yields and crop failure. The existence of traditional events such as marriage, death and school parties. Income is divided due to financing the education of their children and financing sick families. Farmers borrow from local businesses and communities. Farmers are members of other cooperatives and make loans. Government programmes to improve irrigation have caused farmers not to plant rice. Liability for default by Farmers on savings and loan agreements, namely continuing to pay principal + interest + dues every month and Farmers can repay loans in the form of as much as the member or Farmer can pay or repay the loan and Farmers continue to pay monthly even though only to cover the interest.

Teat dipping is the activity of dipping a dairy cow’s teat into an antiseptic solution was prevent mastitis. Every dairy farmer has different knowledge, attitude and skills. This research to determine the correlation between characteristics, knowledge, and attitude with skills of dairy farmers in teat dipping practices using correlation with SPPS 26. The method used in this research is a descriptive quantitative survey. The study was conducted at KUD Tulus Bakti, Pagu, Kediri from 7 June to 5 September 2021. Respondents in this study were 30 members KUD Tulus Bakti and dairy farmer. The result show that the knowledge and the attitudes of the dairy farmer in this study were categorized as good, and the skills of the dairy farmer in the study were categorized as moderate. Characteristics based on age, education level, number of livestock and farming experience are related to the farmer's skill in teat dipping practice. There is a significant correlation between knowledge and skills of dairy farmer in the practice of teat dipping of KUD Tulus Bakti members, and the level of the correlation is moderate. There is a significant correlation between attitudes and skills of dairy farmer in the practice of teat dipping members of KUD Tulus Bakti, and the level of correlation moderate.

Efforts to increase rice (Oryza sativa) production by farming communities in Pudak Village, Kumpeh Ulu District, Muaro Jambi Regency still partly depend on the use of inorganic fertilizers. An alternative to increasing production that is safe and environmentally friendly is the use of biosaccharide elicitors made from organic materials. This needs to be socialized to farmers regarding the use of biosaka made from weeds, some of which are still unknown to farmers in Pudak Village. This activity began with a discussion meeting with the head of the farmer group, the Plant Pest Organism Control Officer (POPT) to look at problems in the farmers' rice fields and continued with land observations. Then socialization was carried out to the community and continued with the practice of making biosaka and implementation in rice fields in Pudak Village. The results of this activity show that farmers are very enthusiastic about all activities from manufacture to application on the land. There were 45 participants who attended and were active until the end of the activity. The follow-up activities showed farmers practicing how to make it in their respective groups. The results of monitoring and evaluation have proven that the biosaka elicitor has been successfully produced by farmers independently as much as 30 L. The application results show a positive and better plant response compared to plots where biosaka was not applied.

The objective of this community service was to introduce biogas as an alternative house hold fuel and lighting by using beef cattle pen waste at Camplong  forest  area, Kupang Regency East Nusa Tenggara Province through integrated farming system. Methods applied were survey, interview, agricultural extension, demonstration and practical work involving 31 farmers on site. Data were descriptively analysed to offer an alternative solution toward feed supply, the used of fuel wood and food crop farming practice of participants. The result was the realization of farmers work pattern by integrating food crop plant, raising cattle and the use of alternative biogas as a source of fuel and lighting. It can be concluded that farmers at the area of Camplong Kupang Regency are able to integrate crop farming and cattle raising by using the available resources through community service.