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This research explores the use of person deixis in the Balinese language, with a particular focus on the honorific system as a form of social interaction. Person deixis not only reflects the relationship between the speaker and the interlocutor but also serves as a key mechanism for expressing social status, age, and emotional closeness. This research addresses the question: Does the choice of deictic forms involve specific cognitive processes, such as the assessment of social status, politeness, and situational context?  Beside that, this research also discuss what factors most influence the choice of personal pronouns used in dialogue? Employing a descriptive-qualitative approach and analyzing data from Balinese narrative texts, this article examines how the selection of deictic expressions engages complex cognitive mechanisms. The findings reveal that the use of honorifics is not merely a linguistic practice but also influences speakers’ patterns of thought in interpreting and evaluating social relationships. These results support the notion that language and thought are closely interconnected, and that the structure of the Balinese language cultivates a high degree of social sensitivity in its speakers from an early age.

This study looks at the deixis used in the commercial "Garuda Indonesia For A Better Life," emphasizing how it works and how it affects the story. In advertising, deixis, a basic language characteristic, is vital in determining meaning and audience involvement. The study classifies and examines the personal, geographical, and temporal deixis used in advertising using Yule's deixis paradigm. To investigate how deixis creates meaning, encourages emotional connection, and strengthens the commercial's persuasive appeals court, data were gathered through document examination of the advertisement text using a descriptive qualitative technique. The results show that first-person deixis is more common, which has consequences for our comprehension of customer behavior and the efficacy of advertising tactics.

This study aims to analyze the pragmatic aspects and persuasive strategies in a public service advertisement entitled "Throw Trash in Its Place. The Earth is Not Your Trash Can." This study uses a pragmatic approach with a focus on the theory of speech acts, implicature, deixis, and politeness of language to reveal how to convey messages effectively and persuasively in the context of public communication. The advertisement is analyzed as a form of directive communication that aims to encourage changes in people's behavior towards issues of cleanliness and environmental concern. The results of the analysis show that this advertisement utilizes strong but polite directive speech acts, normative implicatures to instill values, the use of personal deixis to build closeness with the audience, and positive and negative politeness strategies to maintain social relations. Thus, advertisements not only function as a medium for conveying information, but also as an instrument for forming collective awareness through a communicative approach that is contextual, efficient, and emotionally and rationally appealing to its audience.  

This study aims to analyze the forms and functions of deixis in the novel Drama Vendetta by Intanera. The focus of the research includes five types of deixis: personal, spatial (place), temporal (time), social, and discourse deixis. Personal deixis is used to reveal the identities of characters and the relationships between speaker and listener within the narrative. Spatial deixis indicates locations that are emotionally and narratively significant to the characters, while temporal deixis reflects shifts between past, present, and future that shape the story’s emotional and structural flow. Social deixis highlights status differences, emotional distance, and levels of formality in character interactions. Meanwhile, discourse deixis serves to maintain cohesion and continuity within the text by referring to elements mentioned elsewhere in the narrative. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method with data collected through reading and note-taking techniques. The findings show that Intanera uses various types of deixis strategically to enrich narrative structure, express psychological conflict, and establish social relationships and emotional meaning throughout the novel. This study is expected to contribute to the fields of pragmatic linguistics and discourse analysis in literary texts.

This study aims to analyze the pragmatic functions of deixis in six selected songs from Ariana Grande’s Eternal Sunshine album. Using Levinson’s (1983) theory of deixis, the study identifies and classifies five types of deictic expressions: person, time, place, discourse, and social deixis. The study employs a descriptive qualitative method and uses documentation as its main data collection technique. A total of 306  deixis  were found: 228 person  deixis, 33 time deixis, 16  place deixis, 19 discourse deixis, and 11  social deixis. The dominant use of person  deixis demonstrates the strong self-expression and emotional engagement of the singer.  Time and discourse deixis help shape the emotional timeline of the narrative, while  place  and social deixis reflect interpersonal distance and roles. The findings reveal that deixis functions not only to maintain textual cohesion but also as a pragmatic tool to construct intimacy, express identity, and evoke emotional resonance in the lyrics.

This study, entitled “Deixis and References in the Alice in Wonderland Movie,” aims to identify various types of deixis and analyze the reference of the meaning of each type of deixis used in the movie Alice in Wonderland. The data source was obtained from the Alice in Wonderland movie, an American fantasy film directed by Tim Burton and produced by Walt Disney Pictures, released on February 25, 2010, based on a screenplay by Linda Woolverton. This study uses a qualitative method with documentation and observation techniques. The data was taken from Scripts.com and completed with repeated movie viewing. The steps include downloading the script, watching the movie, identifying utterances containing deixis, and analyzing them according to Levinson’s (1983) deixis theory and Cruse’s (2006) reference theory. The analysis is presented using informal descriptive methods. The results of this study indicated that five types of deixis were employed in the movie: person deixis, place deixis, temporal deixis, discourse deixis, and social deixis. The movie Alice in Wonderland (2010) data represented each type of deixis. The analysis revealed that each deixis category appeared with varying frequency: 334 instances of personal deixis, 35 instances of place deixis, 27 instances of time deixis, 87 instances of discourse deixis, and 41 instances of social deixis. These findings suggest that personal deixis was the dominant type used by the characters in the movie, emphasizing the role of speaker-hearer reference in the narrative discourse. Furthermore, two kinds of reference were found, anaphora and cataphora.    

This study analyzed the use of deixis in the lyrics of Arctic Monkeys' AM album to understand its contribution to narrative meaning and emotional connection with listeners. The purpose of the study was to explore how linguistic elements, particularly deixis, function as pragmatic tools in popular music. Using Levinson's (1983) theory, the study identified five types of deixis: persona, spatial, temporal, social, and discourse. The analysis examined their functions in the pragmatic context of song lyrics. According to the rules, the results showed a dominant pattern of person deixis, which strengthened the emotional connection between the narrator and the listener. Additionally, temporal and spatial deixis enriched the narrative by emphasizing time and place contexts. These findings suggested that linguistic elements in song lyrics reinforced emotional and narrative experiences. This study concluded that deixis contributed significantly to enhancing listeners' emotional and narrative engagement, offering valuable insights into the use of language in creative media such as music and the broader study of pragmatics.

Research aims to analyze the use of deixis in Rafi Bastos’ stand-up comedy video titled “USA vs Brazil”. This study examines the types of deixis used, such as person, time, place, discourse, and social deixis according to Levinson’s theory. To collecting the data, this study using a descriptive qualitative method. The analysis shows that person and discourse deixis are the most frequently use types, reflecting a comedy style based on personal narrative and story context. This study provides the insight into the importance of deixis in pragmatic communication and how adjustments to cultural and social contexts can influence international comedy.