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The transport industry stands out as a crucial domain in bolstering Indonesia's journey toward economic revitalization, swift progress, and equitable distribution. At present, Indonesia is in the process of establishing a high-speed railway sector that adheres to global benchmarks. Rail-based transit systems exert considerable influence on the mobility of both individuals and commodities. Trains possess the capacity to convey substantial volumes of commuters and freight in one journey, thereby playing a role in diminishing operational expenses for transportation fleets. Braking is an important aspect of driving because it affects safety, vehicle control, and vehicle efficiency. In order to develop braking research, high-speed train braking test equipment is needed to describe the actual conditions during braking. High-speed trains are a type of train capable of traveling at speeds above 200 km/h. The braking applied to these high-speed trains involves several combined forces, including regenerative braking and pneumatic braking. In regenerative braking, deceleration occurs due to the conversion of kinetic energy into electrical power. This mechanism is carried out when the train is at an operational speed of 220 km/h until it decelerates to 160 km/h. Next, pneumatic braking was applied at a speed of 160 km/h until the train slowed down and came to a stop. This study shows how the calculation process was carried out using a scale of 1:4 at a speed of 160 km/h.

In the rapidly developing digital era, online businesses face increasing challenges to achieve significant profits without sacrificing spending efficiency. To overcome this challenge, an optimal online marketing strategy is needed that can reach the right target market without significantly increasing operational costs. This journal discusses several online marketing strategies that are effective in increasing profits relevant to expenditure. From a deep understanding of the target market to the use of social media and careful data analysis, every step taken is based on the principles of efficiency and effectiveness. By implementing the right marketing strategies, businesses can increase their visibility online, attract more potential customers, and increase sales conversions without having to exceed their available budget. Thus, this journal provides practical guidance for business owners and marketers to achieve success in their online sales without sacrificing profitability.

In the rapidly developing digital era, online businesses face increasing challenges to achieve significant profits without sacrificing spending efficiency. To overcome this challenge, an optimal online marketing strategy is needed that can reach the right target market without significantly increasing operational costs. This journal discusses several online marketing strategies that are effective in increasing profits relevant to expenditure. From a deep understanding of the target market to the use of social media and careful data analysis, every step taken is based on the principles of efficiency and effectiveness. By implementing the right marketing strategies, businesses can increase their visibility online, attract more potential customers, and increase sales conversions without having to exceed their available budget. Thus, this journal provides practical guidance for business owners and marketers to achieve success in their online sales without sacrificing profitability.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of three feeding methods-manual, automatic, and sensor-based-on the growth and feed efficiency of White Snapper (Lates calcarifer). The research was conducted from April to July 2024 in fish farming ponds in North Nias. The research method used was a field experiment with a complete randomized design (CRD) which was analyzed using ANOVA test to compare the significant effects of each feeding method. The results showed that the sensor-based feeding method produced the highest average fish weight growth (3.85 g/day) with the best feed conversion efficiency (FCR) (1.25), significantly superior to the manual and automatic methods (p < 0.05). The sensor-based method proved to be more efficient in meeting fish feed requirements precisely, improving feed efficiency and reducing operational costs. Based on these results, the use of sensor-based technology in the feeding system is recommended as an innovative solution to improve the productivity and sustainability of White Snapper aquaculture.