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This study analyzes the similarities and differences between Japanese and Indonesian compound words, with particular attention to their structural patterns and semantic characteristics. The data were collected from official news websites in Japan and Indonesia, including Asahi Shinbun and Kompas, through observation and note-taking techniques. The collected data were analyzed through the distributional method, and the contrastive analysis was conducted based on morphological theories proposed by Chaer (2015), Katamba (2018), and Kageyama (2016). The findings reveal that ten Japanese and Indonesian compound words share equivalent meanings. From a structural perspective, both languages exhibit various types of compound formations, including noun, adjective, and verb compounds. A notable structural difference is that Japanese compound words may undergo a phonological process known as rendaku. From a semantic perspective, compound words in both languages may be categorized as endocentric and exocentric. However, some compounds do not share the same idiomatic meanings, even though they are constructed from identical lexemes in each language.  

This study analyzes the similarities and differences between Japanese and Indonesian compound words, with particular attention to their structural patterns and semantic characteristics. The data were collected from official news websites in Japan and Indonesia, including Asahi Shinbun and Kompas, through observation and note-taking techniques. The collected data were analyzed through the distributional method, and the contrastive analysis was conducted based on morphological theories proposed by Chaer (2015), Katamba (2018), and Kageyama (2016). The findings reveal that ten Japanese and Indonesian compound words share equivalent meanings. From a structural perspective, both languages exhibit various types of compound formations, including noun, adjective, and verb compounds. A notable structural difference is that Japanese compound words may undergo a phonological process known as rendaku. From a semantic perspective, compound words in both languages may be categorized as endocentric and exocentric. However, some compounds do not share the same idiomatic meanings, even though they are constructed from identical lexemes in each language.  

Abbreviation is a common linguistic strategy used to achieve efficiency and clarity in modern communication. This study examines the abbreviation systems of English and Indonesian through a contrastive linguistic approach, focusing on morphological patterns, phonological constraints, and usage conventions. Employing a qualitative descriptive design, the data were collected from established linguistic references and analyzed using classical contrastive analysis principles. The findings reveal that English abbreviation formation is structurally flexible, allowing both pronounceable acronyms and non-pronounceable initialisms, often maintaining complex consonant clusters and orthographic capitalization. In contrast, Indonesian abbreviation formation is strongly influenced by phonological preferences, particularly ease of pronunciation and conformity to open syllable structures, resulting in forms that closely resemble ordinary lexical items. These structural differences suggest potential sources of negative transfer for language learners and challenges in translation practices. The study concludes that abbreviation systems are shaped not only by linguistic rules but also by sociocultural and communicative needs. Understanding these contrasts is essential for language teaching, translation, and further comparative linguistic research.

This study investigates the impact of Thai students' first language (L1) on their English pronunciation within the context of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) at Bakong Pitthaya School in Thailand. The researcher used a descriptive qualitative method design on a case study with Contrastive Analysis Theory on English pronunciation. Recorded interviews and pronunciation testing were the main techniques of data collection instruments. The subjects of this research were secondary grade students of Bakong Pitthaya School Pattani, Thailand. The results of this study aimed to provide actionable recommendations for the teachers to enhance pronunciation instruction and improve student pronunciation skill. This research contributes to the understanding of L1 influence on L2 pronunciation, offering insights that can inform teaching practices in similar EFL contexts.

This study aims to recognize and compare the vocabulary used in Serang Javanese and Betawi language in the YouTube Version of Si Doel Movie in Season 1 and 2. The approach used is descriptive qualitative by using contrastive analysis technique. Data were obtained by observing the dialog in the movie, as well as conducting interviews with native speakers of both languages. The findings of this study show that there are vocabularies that have the same form and meaning (10 vocabularies), similar forms but the same meaning (9 vocabularies), and different forms but the same meaning (45 vocabularies). This difference shows the characteristics of each regional language, even though they are geographically located in close proximity. This study emphasizes the importance of maintaining local languages and understanding vocabulary variation in inter-dialect communication.

The plural contrastive analysis in the book of Fathul Qorib is very important because there are many plural formations and there are many errors in making plural forms in Arabic. This is due to a lack of understanding of easier ways to form plural words. This research has a research focus: (1) How plurals are formed in Arabic and Indonesian. (2) What are the similarities and differences in plural formation in Arabic and Indonesian. This research uses a type of research (library research), namely collecting data obtained through research on books, journals, books and websites. Data capture method. This research uses a cooperative descriptive method. The results of this research show that the plural in Arabic contained in the book of fathul qorib consists of the plural muannas salim 69 words, the plural mudzakar salim 79 words and the plural takir 192 words. Meanwhile, the plural in Indonesian contained in the translation of the book of Fathul Qorib consists of a total of 84 words reduplication, 4 partial reduplications, 2 words reduplication of other forms and 11 words affixing reduplication. The similarity in the formation of plurals in Arabic and Indonesian lies in the suffixes or addition of plural meanings. Meanwhile, the differences are: The plural in Indonesian does not recognize the form of tadzkir, is not used for absolutes, reduplication can be used as a plural formation and in Indonesian it does not recognize wazan or pattern while Arabic recognizes the form of tadzkir, there is a division between sensible and non-sensical or mulak, process reduplication cannot be used as a plural marker, whereas in Arabic wazan or the plural pattern takir can be used as a plural word formation.

This article discusses a comparison of phonology between Indonesian and French. Through comparative analysis, this article aims to highlight the similarities and differences in the sound systems of the two languages. In a theoretical study, this article discusses the sound systems of Indonesian and French separately, including consonants, vowels, word stress and intonation in both languages. The method used in this research is contrastive analysis, where the sound systems of the two languages ​​will be compared directly to highlight similarities and differences.    

This ressearch discusses the comparison of two languages, namely Lio and English, with Lio as the regional language or language of origin and English as the target language. In this study limited the study to comparing how many vowels and consonants there are from each language, after researchers know the number of vowels and consonants present in Lio language researchers compare with vowels and consonants in English to find out where the similarities and differences between vowel phonemes and consonant phonemes from the two languages are located. In this study the author used a qualitative descriptive method with the aim of knowing the phonemes of vowels and consonants in Lio and English, then from the phonemes of vowels and consonants the author compared to find out the location of similarities and differences between the two languages, with the data collection technique used was to conduct interviews with local communities and the results of the interviews were recorded and analyzed by the author. From this study it can be seen that:: (1). There are 5 types of vowels, namely; a, I, u, e, o in Lio and English, (2) there are 20 types of consonants in Lio b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, r, s,t,w and 24 consonants in English, namely; B,C,D,F,G,H,J,K,L,M,N,P,Q,R,S,T,V,W,X,Y,Z. (3) The difference between the two languages lies in the sound of speech and consonants. Different consonants are: consonants q, y, z, x, which exist in Lio besides that there are changes in pronunciation sounds in English vowels and consonants while in Lio language there can be no sound changes in both vowels and consonants. (4) The similarities between the two languages are vowels of both languages and some consonants4.

This study aims to compare the Aloconal Batak language with the Indonesian Alophone through phonological analysis. The research method used is a comparative descriptive analysis by collecting data from native speakers of Batak and Bahasa Indonesia. Data are collected through interviews and direct observations. Analysis was conducted by comparing alophone-alophone that appeared in both languages, including differences in pronunciation, emphasis, and intonation. The results of the analysis show that there is a significant difference between the Bath and Alophone Bloit alloop in the case of pronunciation and emphasis. This findings indicate that the second phonological system of language has different characteristics. The implications of this study are the importance of understanding the phonological differences between Batak and Indonesian language in the context of the language of the second language or foreign language teaching.