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This research examines more deeply the analysis of legal certainty for victims of Doni Salmanan's fraud in trading through an application called QUOTEX. In relation to the decision of the Bale Bandung District Court number 576/Pid.Sus/2022/PN BlB, in which the Panel of Judges gave a verdict of imprisonment and confiscation of assets owned by the defendant generated through trading by utilizing his victims for profit and the assets were confiscated by the state. However, in the verdict there was no decision at all to provide compensation to the victim of Doni Salmanan's fraud, in this case the element of legal justice for the victim was not fulfilled by this decision. However, the aspect of legal certainty for the victim is very strong so that the defendant gets a death sentence and a fine for his actions. The legal certainty in question is a guarantee that the law is carried out properly in processing the rights and obligations of the defendant for his crime. Material law as an element of legal certainty has been carried out and linked to various laws and regulations relating to the case. Law No. 8/1999 on Consumer Protection for the losses suffered by the victim as a consumer, Law No. 19/2016 on the Amendment to Law No. 11/2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions because the case involved electronic networking devices, and Law No. 8/2010 on the Prevention and Eradication of the Crime of Money Laundering because in the prosecution the defendant was deemed to have disguised his wealth generated through criminal acts.

  The negative impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has caused problems with the protection of consumer rights. This happens when their access to basic goods and services is poor as a result of unfair economic practices and causes unfair business competition. In Law No.8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection Article 4 which regulates consumer rights. During the Covid-19 pandemic, it has caused various impacts that go hand in hand with the era of disruption, causing consumers to be in a weak position. In dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic case, it is not only regulated by national legislation or legislation, but also by human rights law, especially those that have been officially recognized by the state. These activities have implications for the implementation of business competition supervision carried out by the Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU).

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing legal protection for consumers for skincare products without a marketing authorization that are sold online. This study uses normative juridical research methods, namely using data collection techniques through library research or using secondary data. Among them are official documents, books, research results, in the form of reports. In this study, it was concluded that consumers who have experienced losses as a result of skincare products without marketing authorization can take legal action through the courts or outside the courts. However, this legal protection is still underutilized by consumers in the event of a problem, so that the UUPK becomes less effective, because compensation is given within seven days after the transaction. If this provision is maintained, it will be difficult for consumers who experience losses to obtain protection. This is because the negative effects of using skincare can occur after seven days.

The background of this thesis is that it starts from the rapid growth of information technology-based lending service providers, apparently not balanced with adequate education to the public, causing various effects / risks that arise from the many kinds of online loans and there are still many unregistered or illegal organizing companies found as well as the potential for leaking user personal data that can be misused by the organizing company or another party One of the platforms is the Smart Credit App.   The problems that the author raises in this study are How to Arrange Online Loans on the Smart Credit Application, How are the Losses arising from online borrowing of the Smart Credit Application and How is the Responsibility of the Smart Credit Application for Losses from Customers. The research method used by the author in answering problems is Normative Juridical Research where the author tries to examine problems with existing legal rules and uses the literature study method in collecting existing legal materials. The conclusion of this thesis research is that Online Loans through the Smart “Credit Application in the people of Semarang City are regulated in Article 1320 of the Civil Code which in essence stipulates thatagreements made online must still meet the legal requirements of an agreement. The implementation is regulated in POJK regulation 77/2016 concerning Technology-based Loan Services. Customer protection in online loan agreements can be found in the Consumer Protection Law in article 7 which regulates the Obligations of Business Actors, then Article 8 which regulates things that are prohibited from being done by Business Actors, and Article 18 which regulates the provisions of matters related to the Standard Clause. ITE Law, where in Article 11 and Article 17 of the ITE Law regulates matters related to the validity of electronic agreements, OJK Regulation Number 77 / POJK / 2016 concerning Services of a Loan in the form of Money Based on Information Technology which is regulated through article 18 concerning the Form and Structure of online loan agreements. The disadvantage that often arises from the Smart Credit Application is the dissemination of personal data carried out by the Smart Credit Application because the Debtor does not make payments on time, so the debt Collector uses techniques to use the dissemination of personal data to pressure the Debtor to immediately make payments, Juridical Responsibility The Kredit Pintar application for actions committed for defamation can be held civil liability through a Tort Lawsuit as stipulated in article” 1365 of the Civil Code filed by Customers who feel aggrieved because their identity is used in the misuse of personal data.   Keywords : Online Loans, Smart Credit Applications.