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This research discusses efforts to introduce cognitive learning theory into the 2013 curriculum in the educational environment. Her research focus is on understanding how key principles of cognitive learning theory, including concepts such as information processing, knowledge construction, and the development of higher-order thinking skills, can be integrated into new curriculum structures. Research methods include analysis of official 2013 curriculum documents, interviews with teachers, and observation of classroom learning practices. The results show that although real efforts have been made to adopt the principles of cognitive learning theory, their implementation still faces certain challenges. Limited resources, teacher understanding of cognitive concepts, and adaptation of learning materials are several important factors that influence successful implementation. Therefore, this research provides recommendations for improving teacher training, adapting learning materials, and increasing resource support so that the 2013 curriculum more effectively achieves students' cognitive learning goals.

This article reviews a syntax-based analysis of predication in language, delving into its underlying linguistic structure. The research conducted employs analytical methods sourced from literature to comprehend sentence construction and the syntactic relationships forming predication. The findings of the analysis present a profound understanding of the framework of predication in language and its implications in human communication. In the exploration of syntax and predication in linguistics, the syntactic approach highlights the essential relationship between subject and predicate in a sentence. Predication maps what is stated about the subject, and syntax-based analysis reveals its basic structure. Syntax, with its central role, is key to understanding sentence structure and the meaning conveyed in communication. Research on this concept shows how the arrangement of words, phrases, and clauses forms predication.

In business activities in the form of a Company, there are often legal problems involving directors as a result of the decisions and policies they make in carrying out their duties and authority in the company. The Board of Directors is one of the most important organs in a Limited Liability Company whose duty is to run the company as stated in Law Number 40 of 2007 (UU PT) concerning Limited Liability Companies. In the event of a loss caused by the decision or policy, the board of directors can be sued personally either criminally or civilly. This research aims to analyze the case of former President Director of PT Krakatau Steel (KS) Fazwar Bujang in making decisions on the construction of the Blast Furnace Complex plant in 2011 which is considered to have harmed the state of Rp 2.3 trillion and USD 292 or up to Rp 6 trillion and has benefited the MCC Ceri consortium, a company from China and PT Krakatau Engineering and others. The first result shows that the business judgment rule doctrine is a concept in corporate law that provides protection to company directors regarding the decisions and policies they make, to ensure that directors can make decisions based on good faith, prudence, and the best interests of the company without having to be personally liable for losses that may arise from business decisions. In Indonesia, the business judgment rule doctrine is only regulated in UU PT, but it has not been regulated in the law completely. Second, in the case of the construction of PT Krakatau Steel's Blast Furnace Complex, the business judgment rule cannot be applied because the business policies taken do not meet the requirements of the business judgment rule stipulated in Article 97 paragraph (3) of the UU PT.

Instagram as a social media has become a major platform for individuals to build their self-image online. This research aims to explore and analyze strategies for forming the self-image of Communication Science students at Trunojoyo University, Madura on the social media Instagram. Qualitative research methods were used to interview participants from Communication Science students who actively use Instagram. The research results show that students use various strategies, including photo selection, captions, filters, and hashtags, to build the desired self-image. They also manage interactions with followers and respond to comments to strengthen their self-image. Additionally, findings suggest that social pressure, cultural norms, and peer influence play an important role in the formation of self-image on social media. This research provides in-depth insight into how social media, especially Instagram, influences the formation of Communication Science students' self-image, and its implications for self-concept and social interactions in a digital context. This study also provides a foundation for the development of social media literacy among college students and stimulates further discussion about the impact of social media on individual identity construction.

Coal in Jambi is a problem that people continually complain about and causes traffic jams and damaged roads. Until the end of 2022, there are 51 coal mining companies operating in Jambi Province, spread across Sarolangun, Tebo, Batanghari and Muaro Jambi. The Jambi provincial government is preparing alternative coal transportation routes via land and water. This research uses quantitative research with a descriptive format, aimed at explaining, summarizing various conditions, various situations or various variables that arise in the community which is the object of the research based on what happens. Then bring to the surface the character or description of the condition, situation or variable. The results of observations from questionnaires that have been distributed by students hope that this alternative will reduce the level of traffic jams and the number of accidents that occur in the community. The Governor of Jambi, Al Haris, has made various efforts in alternative development in his province. Students hope that this alternative will reduce the level of traffic jams and accidents that occur in society. The Governor of Jambi, Al Haris, has made various efforts in alternative development in his province. One of them is controlling the use of coal transport vehicle plates to repair roads. Apart from that, the provincial government is also discussing the issue of coal transport and the construction of special roads for coal transport. The Governor also admits that his authority is limited in matters of coal transport, but various efforts have been made. carried out, including opening alternative roads and giving lambuk numbers to coal transport. Apart from that, Governor Al Haris also stated the ban on coal transport via national roads and the importance of the progress of Jambi City as a barometer for the development of Jambi province. However, despite this, we can also feel that currently the accident rate is still there.

This research focuses on identifying and analyzing risks that can affect the implementation of housing construction projects in response to increasing population. A survey method using a questionnaire was used to collect data from stakeholders regarding housing construction projects. The results of risk identification based on events and consequences show that K3L and bureaucratic, natural and information aspects are high risks based on events, while social and location, external, planning and implementation management aspects are significant risks based on events. Based on consequences, natural aspects and government policies are considered high risk, while social, location and internal aspects are considered significant risk. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) confirmed these findings. The implications of the results of this research include the need to adopt proactive strategies in risk management, strengthening capacity in dealing with critical risks, government involvement in addressing policy and natural risks, as well as emphasizing social and location aspects in planning and implementing housing construction projects. These findings can serve as a basis for improving risk management in the context of uncertainty in the implementation of residential construction projects and the development of more effective industrial policies.

The investment trend has been so advanced in recent years that most people are interested in becoming investors. One of the things taught is the importance of investing and becoming an investor. However, it is very unfortunate that this rapid trend has not escaped crime in the form of fraud and misuse of investment vehicles. It is very important to empower the public to avoid fraud. One way is through Influencer Persuasive Communication. The purpose of this study was to find out how public empowerment through Influencer Persuasive Communication avoids investment fraud. The research method used is qualitative through interviews with 3 informants whose results were Coding and data triangulation in the analysis. The results of the study show that Influencers have the unique ability to influence public views and behavior in terms of investment through their emotional appeal, social image and narratives they create. This influence, if not properly understood, can make society more vulnerable to disastrous investment scams. Public empowerment is very important to protect against investment scams. Strong financial literacy, understanding of the psychodynamics of persuasive communication, criticality of Influencer messages, and independent research are keys to enabling people to make wiser investment decisions. In addition, awareness of the sociocultural dimension and the construction of meaning in Influencer communication can help the public to recognize potential conflicts of interest or biases that can influence these messages. Thus, this study emphasizes the importance of a balanced approach between inspiration provided by Influencers and a deep understanding of the investment world to empower the public to avoid investment fraud and protect their finances.

The development and progress of science, especially in the field of building materials technology, has encouraged the birth of new concepts, especially for construction made of concrete. One of these new concepts is by presenting innovations in the manufacture of lightweight concrete to reduce the excessive use of bricks / concrete blocks as non-structural building materials such as walls. One way to overcome this is to use lightweight concrete as a precast wall or as a brick. Its use can reduce the magnitude of the load acting on the building and is fast in installation. The purpose of this research on lightweight concrete with a mixture of bamboo shavings is to determine the properties of the stacking material, the relationship between mechanical properties at the age of 14 and 28 days of concrete with no soaking conditions, and the effect of the addition of bamboo shavings. The tests and examinations carried out were compressive strength, strain, and content weight of lightweight concrete. The results showed that lightweight concrete with the most ideal bamboo shavings mixture was 1 cement: 1-1.5 bamboo shavings: 2 sand (fas value: 0.8) has a compressive strength of 1.65 MPa and 1.63 Mpa, respectively, for a content weight of 753.01 kg/m3 and 609.66 kg/m3. 

This research aims to analyze legal protection for ownership of land rights for the public interest, and this research can be useful as a reference for readers. This research uses a qualitative descriptive research method, with a type of normative legal research - empirical or literature. Sugiyono said that quantitative research is a method used to examine the condition of natural objects where the researcher is the key instrument. type of normative-empirical legal research according to Muhaimin in his book entitled: Legal Research Methods says that normative-empirical legal research is "legal research that examines law as rules or norms and the application of legal rules in practice in society". The results found are that the existence of regulations regarding land acquisition provides a legal basis for the government to obtain land for the implementation of development in the public interest and is a guarantee for land rights holders to obtain adequate compensation, thereby providing better survival at a higher level of socio-economic life. prior to land acquisition. Land acquisition for development in the public interest is a land acquisition activity carried out by the government for the construction of public facilities. Land procurement consists of planning, preparation and implementation stages which involve the regional government as the executor of land acquisition, the ministry that carries out land affairs, land rights owners and affected communities.

Umumnya quantity take off di Indonesia menggunakan spreadsheet Microsoft Excel berdasarkan pada gambar dua dimensi dengan berpedoman pada SMM (Standard Method of Measurement). Dalam industri konstruksi saat ini penggunaan aplikasi komputer untuk profesi quantity surveyor sangat disarankan, yaitu dengan menggunakan Building Information Modeling (BIM). BIM merupakan suatu sistem atau teknologi yang mencakup beberapa informasi penting dalam proses Design, Construction, and Maintenance yang terintegrasi pada pemodelan tiga dimensi (3D). Glodon Cubicost adalah salah satu dari berbagai jenis BIM untuk pekerjaan Quantity Take Off (QTO). Pada penelitian ini, analisis perbandingan quantity take off pada proyek tender pembangunan pabrik “X” di Jawa Timur menggunakan Microsoft Excel dan Glodon Cubicost. Hasil perbandingan tersebut untuk pekerjaan struktur beton bagian struktur atas (kolom, balok, dan lantai) diperoleh selisih 0,58% untuk pekerjaan beton, 0,18% untuk pekerjaan bekisting, dan 1,15% untuk pekerjaan pembesian. Hasil selisih menunjukkan bahwa quantity take off menggunakan Microsoft Excel lebih besar dibandingkan menggunakan Glodon Cubicost. Quantity take off menggunakan Glodon Cubicost dapat mengurangi budget RAP (Rencana Anggaran Pelaksanaan) 0,511% dari RAB (Rencana Anggaran Biaya).

The potential for natural resources is very abundant, especially geothermal energy on Flores Island which is being sought after by investors. Apart from the very diverse diversity of the people. Therefore, the conflict that occurred on Flores Island resulted in rejection of the geothermal development project and how to analyze the protection of the rights of indigenous peoples on Flores Island based on the theory of justice (John Rawls). The research method used in this research is a normative juridical research method. This research is prescriptive in nature, offering a concept for solving a problem (problem solving) and not just descriptive (just to describe something as it is). The data sources used in this research are secondary data collected through literature (documentary research) and legal approaches. Traditional law communities on Flores Island always live side by side with nature. The country is supposed to protect its people through policies that are just and pro-people, but in reality at this time, their lives have been disturbed by the Geothermal Power Plant construction project carried out by the Indonesian government.

This language error analysis aims to describe language errors in terms of phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics and spelling contained in descriptive texts made by X-11 students at SMAN 2 Tasikmalaya as well as providing corrections to these errors. The researcher used a descriptive analysis method by carrying out several stages in the research process, including: (1) collecting data, (2) describing the data, (3) analyzing the data, and (4) drawing conclusions. The research techniques used in this research are observation, interviews and literature studies or literature studies by conducting a review study of books, literature, notes and reports that are related to the problem being solved. The results of the analysis regarding language errors in descriptive texts made by X-11 students at SMAN 2 Tasikmalaya can be concluded that there are forms of language errors in the areas of phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics and spelling. Linguistic-morphological category errors include errors in affixation. Syntactic errors consist of errors in sentence construction. There are also semantic errors which consist of errors in the meaning of a sentence which can make the reader misinterpret the sentence. Then there are errors in the use of spelling or phonology, these spelling errors consist of spelling errors in usage and writing capital letters.

This study investigates the intrinsic relationship between mathematics and classical music by analyzing harmonic patterns in compositions of renowned composers such as Bach, Mozart, and and Beethoven. The research employs an analytical quantitative approach, using statistical tools to map and identify numerical ratios within musical intervals and the relationships between chords. Data were collected from selected musical works to examine interval structures and harmonic progression patterns. Findings reveal that classical music exhibits consistent mathematical patterns, including the octave (2:1), perfect fifth (3:2), and other proportional relationships that form the basis of chord construction and harmonic coherence. These patterns demonstrate that mathematical principles are inherently embedded in musical compositions, allowing for an objective analysis of music structure without diminishing its aesthetic and emotional value. Furthermore, the study highlights the value of an interdisciplinary perspective, combining quantitative analysis with traditional music aesthetics, which provides new insights into understanding compositional techniques and creativity. The results also suggest that recognizing mathematical structures in music can contribute to a deeper understanding of music theory and education, enhancing how students and scholars approach musical analysis. Overall, this research emphasizes that integrating mathematical and artistic perspectives not only supports the scientific study of music but also encourages a holistic appreciation of the creative process, bridging the gap between art and science while offering practical implications for music pedagogy, theory, and performance studies.

Considering that everyone has the right to have and obtain a prosperous life, decent housing, and a good and healthy living environment. To optimize regulation and realize livable houses and fulfillment of shelter, support in the form of regular and planned infrastructure, facilities, and public utilities is needed. Building inclusive, safe, durable, and sustainable villages is the 11th goal of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The socialization in Liang Village is an initiative undertaken to overcome the lack of public understanding regarding housing construction standards by SDGs. The main target of this activity is the Liang Village community. Socialization activities are carried out using 1 method, namely material presentation. The specific objectives of the socialization of livable housing requirements include increasing awareness of safe, healthy, and sustainable housing standards, as well as bringing positive changes in the behavior of planning and building houses.

This research in-depth investigates agrarian law conflicts that arise in connection with toll road construction in the West Sumatra Province. The main focus of this research is on exploring the position of Minangkabau community customary land in the context of inheritance law. An in-depth analysis was carried out on the role of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Agrarian Principles (UUPA) in regulating the revocation of rights to customary land for the public interest. This research also explores comparisons with other regions in Indonesia to reveal variations in legal approaches in dealing with similar conflicts. Thus, this research aims to understand the complexity of conflicts that arise along with these infrastructure projects. The results of this research provide an illustration that the agrarian law conflict in West Sumatra is not only limited to the revocation of rights to customary land, but also involves aspects of inheritance law which significantly influence the position of the Minangkabau people. The implications of these findings will be explained comprehensively to provide in-depth insight into the dynamics of agrarian law conflicts in the context of infrastructure development in Indonesia.

Terate village, which is located near the PTPN XII Kotta Blater plantation company, is facing serious problems related to poor internet networks and electricity supplies. The aim of this research is to study the dynamics of conflict, how retarded access impacts people's lives. The analysis is based on Ralf Dahrendorf's conflict theory to understand inequality of access. This study will look at what caused conflict during the construction of internet and electricity network infrastructure in Terate Village, with special emphasis on the role of the economic power of PTPN XII Kotta Blater in causing conflict. In addition, we will investigate how limited access affects education, economic growth and social life in Terate Village. This research will use approaches such as interviews and surveys with the community to gain a better understanding of the dynamics of conflict in Terate Village. In addition, this research is expected to provide insight into the complexity of conflict and also provide recommendations with the aim of improving equality of access and quality of life.

Indonesia's relations with China have been established diplomatically for more than 60 years, in some sources it is said that this relationship cannot be separated from Indonesia's foreign policy which is free and active in viewing international political constellations during the cold role, Foreign policy is a strategy or action plan designed by state decision makers to deal with other countries or any other international political entity, with the specific aim of achieving national interests defined in terms of national interests. Foreign actions taken by the government of a country aimed at fulfilling the national interests of a nation are carried out by the authorities at the time The cooperation between Indonesia and China in the construction of the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed train began with China's efforts to attract Indonesia's attention when President Jokowi attended the 22nd meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Summit in Beijing, China in November 2014.

The development of technology forces humans to always innovate, including in terms of buying and selling. Nowadays, the proliferation of internet usage has implications for new buying and selling models. One form of buying and selling that was born due to the emergence of the internet network is online buying and selling.  Online buying and selling is a buying and selling activity where the seller and buyer do not have to meet to negotiate and transact and the communication used by the seller and buyer can be through communication tools such as chat, telephone, sms, Whatsapp and so on. Based on the background of the problems described above, the main problems can be identified including: How is the practice of buying and selling online with the Cash On Delivery (COD) system?, How is the fiqh muamalah review of the practice of buying and selling online with the Cash On Delivery (COD) system? The research method used in this writing is a legal research method, where normative/legal theory studies are legal studies by placing law as a construction of a system of laws and regulations and behavior. The preparation of this article uses a statutory approach, conceptual approach, and case or agreement approach. From the entire discussion of this thesis, the author can finally draw the following conclusions, In the implementation of buying and selling onilne COD (Cash On Delivery) system can be done with these steps; open the application or web from the online buying and selling platform you want, if you don't have an account then create an account first. Search for the item you want in the search field, then put the item in the shopping cart.

Business ethics play an important role in creating and maintaining a healthy work culture in a company. PT Link Net Tbk is a company that operates based on the principles of business ethics. This research discusses how the application of business ethics principles can influence a company's internal dynamics. The Research was conducted through direct observation. Research shows that business ethics have become the basis for internal policies, decision-making, and management-employee relations. Researchers took two divisions as samples for comparison, namely the construction division and the marketing division. There are differences between the two divisions in maintaining the work environment. Considering that the marketing division has tighter competition between sales some business ethics are not paid attention to, which causes frequent conflicts in the work environment. The results of this research indicate that ethical business practices are critical to maintaining a fair, inclusive, and productive work environment, which will ultimately support the company's long-term success.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Tax Planning, Profitability, Company Size on Earnings Management in property, real estate, and building construction sector companies in Indonesia Period 2016 -2021.This study uses descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The population in this study is 65 companies in the property, real estate and building construction sectors that have been and are still listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling and obtained a sample of 9 companies in the property, real estate and building construction sectors. The analytical method used is panel data regression analysis using Eviews version 12 software. In this study the dependent variable (Y) and the independent variable Earnings Management and namely tax planning (X1), profitability (X2) and company size (X3) as well as moderating variables. The results showed that tax planning and profitability had no effect on earnings management, while profitability and company size had a positive effect on earnings management.