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The term cooperative is certainly familiar to us. If referring to Law No. 17 of 2012 article 1, a cooperative is defined as a legal entity established by an individual or a cooperative legal entity, with the separation of the wealth of its members as capital to run a business, which meets common aspirations and needs. In its implementation, cooperatives not only have goals, principles or principles, but also a foundation. As a unique business entity, cooperatives are different from other business entities. In this case, it can be seen from its membership, where cooperative members are known to have dual identities. Dual identity here means that cooperative members are owners and also users of cooperative services. Indonesian cooperatives are the identity of Indonesian business entities that are established on various foundations. The foundation of this cooperative includes ideal, constitutional, mental and operational foundations.   

This study conducts a pragmatic analysis of the dialogue between characters in Ernest Hemingway's "The Old Man and the Sea," utilizing Grice's Cooperative Principle as a theoretical framework. By examining the interactions between Santiago and Manolin, the research highlights how conversational maxims: Quality, Quantity, Relation, and Manner shape their communication. The analysis reveals that while both characters generally adhere to these principles, occasional deviations occur, reflecting their emotional connections and the complexities of their relationship. This investigation not only enhances understanding of the characters' dynamics but also underscores the broader implications of pragmatic theory in literary dialogue. Ultimately, the findings demonstrate that effective communication transcends mere information exchange, emphasizing the importance of fostering relationships and emotional understanding in human interactions.  

Curriculum management is a systematic, cooperative, comprehensive and organized effort in achieving educational goals. As an important element in the management of educational institutions, curriculum management involves curriculum planning, development, implementation and evaluation. This process aims to improve the quality of teaching-learning interactions and support the achievement of the vision and mission of educational institutions while adhering to national policies. The relationship between curriculum and learning is very close, where the curriculum becomes a guideline that covers the entire learning experience of students, while learning is the implementation of the curriculum. In the context of the Education Unit Level Curriculum (KTSP), curriculum development is carried out with the principles of competency-centeredness, relevance to the needs of learners, responsiveness to scientific developments, and a balance between national interests and local needs. These principles are directed to ensure the meaningfulness of the content, productivity, democracy, efficiency, and harmony with moral, religious, and social values. With effective curriculum management, educational institutions can create an optimal learning process to achieve educational goals.

In practice, the Cooperative Education Unit (SPK) does not provide the same space for every Indonesian citizen to get a quality education. SPK has becomea practice of educational capitalism that further widens the gap between one person and another  and  eliminates  the  principle  of  justice  where everyone has the right to equal opportunities for education. The  method  used  in  this  study  is  normative  legal  research that uses three approaches, namely the legislative approach, the case approach, andthe conceptual approach. With the analysis using the perspective of critical law and the theory of  Justice  John  Rawls.  The  result  of  this  study  is  a  policy recommendation  so  that  the  Cooperative  Education  Unit (SPK) school policy as a product of government policy in the education area contained in Permendikbud No. 31 of 2024 should be reviewed, corrected and returned to be a policy in accordance with national education goals. In order to be in line with the constitutional mandate to educate the life of the nation and to provide space or access to every citizen to get his or her constitutional right to education.  

A cooperative is a business entity based on the principle of kinship. Cooperatives have the aim of improving the welfare of their members through the activities they carry out. The Binjai City Cooperatives and UMKM Service is a regional apparatus within the Binjai City Government for government affairs in the field of Cooperatives, Small and Medium Enterprises. The Binjai City Cooperatives and UMKM Department always carries out assessments of every cooperative in the city of Binjai in the form of an assessment of the best cooperatives which aims to increase the motivation of cooperative institutions and as an evaluation material for the performance of cooperatives recorded in the City of Binjai. In carrying out the assessment of the best cooperatives carried out by the Binjai City Cooperatives and UMKM Service, it took quite a long time. This is because the data collection and processing process is conventional and simple. To overcome existing problems, a decision support system was created to facilitate the management and calculations of each cooperative. In this research, the method used in the calculation process is WASPAS (Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment). The Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) method is a method that is able to minimize errors or maximize the assessment to determine the highest and lowest values. The final result of this research is a decision support system that is able to produce decision recommendations in determining the best cooperative at the Binjai City Cooperative and UMKM Department.  

This general sharia savings product is a deposit which in principle is a pure savings from the party who keeps it or entrusts it to the party who receives the deposit for use or not in accordance with the contract used. Sharia general savings itself has a mechanism where the mechanism is an important thing for banking. Knowing the financing mechanism will attract people's interest in saving or making loans to the cooperative. If the BMT mechanism is well organized it will also increase public trust in carry out transactions in the cooperative. The interesting thing about why researchers want to examine the general sharia savings financing mechanism is because when conducting observations and interviews the researchers found a positive response from members who saved. The focus of this research is how the general sharia savings mechanism at BMT Maslahah Capem Gending is used so that members can understand the mechanism to determine member responses and member growth in saving. This research uses a descriptive-qualitative approach by conducting observations, interviews with the head of the BMT Maslahah Capem Gending branch and members, supported by several journals related to general sharia savings. The results of research at BMT Maslahah Capem Gending regarding the sharia general savings financing mechanism have been running well and efficiently so that the growth of savings members increases from year to year.

This study aims to analyze the application of the maxim of relevance in the film "Calon Lurah" by Hajar Pamuji using a pragmatic approach and descriptive qualitative methods. The focus of this research is on the dialogues between the characters in the film, which demonstrate adherence to the cooperative principle and the maxim of relevance, where each speaker's contribution is relevant to the topic or context of the conversation. Three main types of utterances were found in this study: assertive, directive, and expressive utterances. Assertive utterances express something that the speaker believes to be a fact, while directive utterances aim to get the listener to do something, and expressive utterances convey the speaker's feelings or emotions. Primary data for this study was taken from transcribed dialogues in the film, while secondary data came from various sources such as books, journals, theses, and related research. Data collection techniques included observing and noting. The results showed that the film "Calon Lurah" effectively applies the maxim of relevance in the dialogues between its characters, making the conversations relevant and supporting the cooperative principle in communication. This research highlights the importance of relevance in communication to ensure effective and efficient conversations and underscores the practical application of this concept in various communication contexts.

The process of handling financing aims to identify strategies for addressing problematic financing in savings and loan cooperatives or BMT (Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil). The research method employed is qualitative, utilizing structured interviews, field observations, and documentation for data collection. The primary factors contributing to problematic financing in BMTs are identified as internal factors (suboptimal analysis of documents and adherence to financing standard operating procedures) and external factors (dishonesty and untrustworthiness among members, malicious intentions, procrastination by members, and unintentional factors such as relocation and natural disasters). Handling strategies involve communication via mobile phones (WhatsApp messages or calls), issuing warning letters, and executing collateral. Efforts to mitigate problematic financing include strict adherence to standard operating procedures, adequate task allocation, the application of prudence principles, and enhancement of employee skills.

Cooperatives are business entities based on family principles and aim to improve the welfare of members. Organizational and capital completeness are two important factors that determine the effectiveness of cooperatives in achieving their goals. Organizational completeness refers to the structure and governance of a good cooperative, including the existence of an optimally functioning board, supervisor, and member meeting. This research uses a qualitative method. The results of this study reveal that a complete cooperative organization is the key to success in running a cooperative system. In addition to having complete administrators, supervisors, and member meetings, cooperatives also need to have a strong institutional structure. In addition, in terms of capital, having sufficient sources of funds will enable the cooperative to develop its business, expand its range of services, and have financial resilience in the face of risks that may arise. Thus, the overall comprehensiveness of the cooperative's organization and capital will be instrumental in determining the success of the cooperative system. Both aspects support each other to create an operational environment that is stable, transparent, and able to respond to challenges and opportunities in the market.

This study aims to develop leadership attitudes and ethics as well as a sense of responsibility among responsive and competent KOPMA USD administrators. The main problem faced is the lack of understanding and application of good leadership principles among the administrators. The methods used in this study include training, workshops, and intensive mentoring. The results show a significant improvement in the understanding and application of leadership ethics and responsibility among the KOPMA USD administrators. The administrators have become more responsive and competent in carrying out their duties, which is reflected in the increased performance of the organization and the satisfaction of KOPMA USD members. This study concludes that the leadership and ethics development program is effective in improving the quality of KOPMA USD administrators.

Violations in conversation are found not only in everyday life when people interact with other people, but also, in drama and films performed by characters, in novels, interviews, debates, and other forms of social interaction performed for various reasons. This study examines the violations of Grice's Maxim in the movie Jack Reacher: Never Go Back, focusing on the characters' conversational utterances. Using observation method and note-taking technique, the descriptive qualitative method was applied, analyzing data using the Theory of Cooperative Principles and Context of Situation. The results showed twenty-nine data of conversation were violated by the characters in the movie. Maxim of Quality (51,7%), Maxim of Quantity (13,8%), Maxim of Relation (10,4%), and Maxim of Manner (24,1%).  

The purpose of the study was to analyze how the role of Civil Service Cooperatives Medan city government in improving the welfare of its members. This research is in the form of descriptive qualitative research. Researchers conducted observations, notes, and interviews during the data collection process. From the results of the study shows that the cooperative civil servants (KPN) Medan City Government has a very large role in the welfare of its members. The benefits include the provision of ease of Business Financing assistance services, educational scholarships for family members and the provision of training/workshops to improve the ability of human resources (HR). And also advised to cooperatives should cooperatives always improve and maintain the efforts that have been made in improving the welfare of members who are members and always make improvements to the efforts that the target has not been achieved. cooperatives always remain guided by the principles, foundations, principles, and goals of cooperatives in improving the welfare of cooperative members.    

The principle of cooperation is definitely needed in a conversation, because with this principle, speakers and interlocutors can communicate cooperatively. Apart from helping speakers and speech partners achieve common goals in conversation, the maxim of cooperation can also provide a framework for communication to be more efficient and effective, so that it can benefit speakers and speech partners. However, sometimes in a conversation, violations arise from the speaker or speech partner involved and result in a violation of the principle of cooperation. Violations in the principle of cooperation in a speech can cause information defects and give rise to disagreements between the speaker and the speech partner. Therefore, this research was carried out with the aim of determining and explaining the types of violations of the principle of cooperation in conversations on the content of Lost Youth: "Butchering Cheetahs So that Cheetahs Will Ride in the Afterlife". This research uses pragmatic theoretical methods as well as qualitative descriptive methodological approaches. Collection techniques. The data used is a note-taking technique, namely by watching the video again, then taking notes on conversations that contain violations of the maxim of cooperation. The results of the research show that violations of the principle of cooperation that occur in the content are dominated by violations of the maxim of quantity which is characterized by the discovery of 10 violations of data. , 4 data violations of the maxim of quality, 5 data violations of the maxim of manner, and no violations of the maxim of relevance were found.

the study aims to analyze the imposition of a criminal verdict in the case of murder that occurred in case No. 117/PID.B / 2022 / PN GTO at the Gorontalo City District Court, as well as factors that influence the judge in deciding the murder case. The research method used is normative legal research with the approach of legislation and the approach of existing cases, which are then analyzed in a descriptive qualitative. The results showed that the analysis of the verdict on the murder case No. 117/Pid.B / 2022 / PN GTO at the Gorontalo City District Court, it can be concluded that the decision is the result of a criminal justice process based on the results of the examination and the facts of the trial as well as the cooperative attitude of the perpetrator. The factors that influence the decision, among others, are the evidence presented in the trial, witness testimony, Judge's consideration, and applicable legal provisions. The judge in his decision did not consider the elements of the indictment charged by the public prosecutor, namely Article 340 of the criminal code, but instead decided the case using Article 338 of the Criminal Code which, according to researchers, does not reflect the principle of legal certainty and Justice.

In general, many people choose to save and borrow money from financial institutions other than sharia banks, such as conventional banks and general cooperatives. In fact, conventional banks are known to adhere to an interest system which according to scholars is prohibited because interest is considered usury. Factors that can influence interest in saving at Islamic banks are knowledge, promotions and location. A person's knowledge about Islamic banks will influence customer interest, each bank tries to promote all the products and services it has, and the location of Islamic banks has easy assets. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of knowledge, promotion and location on the interest of the people of Pandan Jaya subdistrict, Tanjung Jabung Timur district to save in sharia banks. The type of research used in this research is quantitative descriptive research. The sample was selected using Accidental Sampling and the Slovin formula to obtain 98 respondents. The data analysis used is Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. The results of the research concluded that partially the variables knowledge, promotion and location had an influence on interest in saving at Sharia Banks in Pandan Jaya Village, East Tanjung Jabung Regency. Simultaneously, the variables of knowledge, promotion and location influence interest in saving at Sharia Banks in Pandan Jaya Village, East Tanjung Jabung Regency. Based on the coefficient of determination, it indicates that knowledge, promotion and location can influence interest in saving at Sharia Banks by 77.4%. It is hoped that people, especially Muslims, can save in sharia banks considering that sharia banks have used sharia principles in accordance with Islamic recommendations, sharia banks can increase people's interest in saving using Sharia Bank services by considering research variables, namely increasing knowledge, promotion and location, and further research can add other variables which are also thought to influence interest in saving at Sharia Banks.

Cooperatives are one of the vessels used by a large part of society in the development of economic activity. In addition to economic activity, the foundations and principles in cooperatives are a reflection for Indonesians in the family system. The purpose of this study to determine whether such a cooperative can be said to participate in building the community economy in Tanjung Balai City should be studied and observed in more depth. As for this type of research, it is a descriptive qualitative research. This means that the researcher tries to provide a view and an overview while the researcher will directly plunge into the public through the process of field observation, in-depth interview (in-depth interview) as well as face-to-face and discussion. The data collection technique in this study uses observation, interview, and documentation techniques with researchers as key instruments that are always directly involved in all research processes.