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Heart failure or congestive heart failure (CHF) is a condition where the heart is unable to pump blood optimally to meet the body's metabolic needs, resulting in symptoms such as shortness of breath, excessive fatigue, and edema (Majid, 2017). According to WHO data in 2023, CHF is one of the main causes of death with a total of 17.5 million deaths from a total of 58 million cases recorded worldwide. This paper aims to describe and provide an overview of nursing care for patient Mr. H who experiences cardiovascular system disorders in the form of CHF in the Dahlia room of Dr. Soeselo Regional Hospital, Tegal Regency in accordance with nursing practice standards. The method used is a descriptive method through a case study with data collection techniques using interviews and observations. From the results of the case review, the main complaint experienced by the patient was shortness of breath which was quite disruptive to daily activities. Based on this condition, four main nursing diagnoses were found, namely ineffective airway clearance, hypervolemia, activity intolerance, and knowledge deficits related to the disease and self-care. The interventions provided are based on theoretical references in the Indonesian Nursing Diagnosis Standards (IDHS) and the Indonesian Nursing Outcome Standards (SLHS), and are tailored to the patient's actual condition. The implemented action plan is expected to help reduce symptoms, improve the patient's ability to function, and provide a better understanding of CHF so that the patient can actively participate in the care process.

Employing a qualitative methodology that integrated video content analysis and interviews with both the curator and viewers of the YouTube channel @hippiearab, this research aims to elucidate the distinctive narrative approach utilized in the propagation of religious tenets. The central discovery of this inquiry highlights that a direct, relatable to daily life, and captivating storytelling mode simplifies the comprehension of religious doctrines for the audience. Furthermore, the application of everyday language within the content has demonstrated its efficacy in forging a robust emotional bond between the content creator and the video recipients. This study underscores the pivotal role of online media, notably YouTube, as an influential tool for instilling spiritual values in younger generations within the context of their ordinary existence.

Nonlinear dynamical systems represent a fundamental area of study in applied mathematics due to their relevance across various disciplines, including physics, biology, and engineering. Their inherent complexity, characterized by phenomena such as bifurcation, chaos, and sensitivity to parameter variations, often limits the effectiveness of traditional manual analysis, particularly when addressing high-dimensional or computationally intensive models. This study aims to address these challenges by applying computational modeling and numerical simulation techniques to analyze the stability of nonlinear dynamical systems. The research employs analytical methods, including equilibrium point identification and linearization, which are then validated and extended through the fourth-order Runge-Kutta numerical method. Simulations were conducted to visualize equilibrium points, phase portraits, and parameter-driven bifurcation phenomena. The findings demonstrate a strong correspondence between analytical and numerical approaches, with minimal error margins (≤1%) observed in equilibrium point estimation, thus confirming the reliability of computational methods. Moreover, the bifurcation analysis revealed critical transitions such as pitchfork and Hopf bifurcations, which indicate sudden shifts from stability to instability behaviors that are difficult to capture through manual calculations alone. The integration of computational approaches provides clear advantages, offering systematic exploration of parameter spaces and detailed visualizations of system dynamics, thereby expanding the scope of stability analysis. In conclusion, this study emphasizes that computational modeling is not only an effective complement to analytical methods but also a necessary strategy for advancing the understanding of nonlinear dynamical systems in applied mathematics.  

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a chronic condition that causes impaired heart function in pumping blood, which can reduce oxygen levels in the body. The increasing incidence of CHF in Indonesia requires appropriate treatment to improve patient health status. One of the evidence-based practice (EBP) interventions that can be applied is the provision of a semi-Fowler position to increase oxygen saturation in CHF patients. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of providing a semi-Fowler position in increasing oxygen saturation in CHF patients undergoing treatment in the inpatient room of Siti Fatimah Hospital, South Sumatra Province. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive case study method on three CHF patients who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and oxygen saturation measurements using an oximeter before and after the semi-Fowler position intervention for three days. The results showed an increase in oxygen saturation after the application of the semi-Fowler position in all respondents. In Mr. M, there was an increase in average oxygen saturation of 6%, in Mr. N by 3.3%, and in Mrs. N by 4.7%.

A paragraph is the smallest unit in written discourse which has an important role in building text cohesion and coherence. However, a lack of understandiag of the structure and function of paragraphs often becomes an obstacle in writing, especially in the context of learning Indonesian at the high school level. This research aims to analyze the structure and function of paragraphs in various types of text, such as narrative, descriptive and expository, and identify patterns that support communication effectiveness. This research uses a qualitative method with a content analysis approach. Data were obtained from five Indonesian high school level textbooks chosen randomly. The analysis focuses on paragraph structure (subject, predicate, object) and characteristics of text types. The research instrument includes guidelines for paragraph structure analysis, classification of text types, and criteria for effective paragraphs. The research results show that each type of text has a unique paragraph structure and function pattern, in accordance with its communication objectives. Narrative paragraphs support the storyline, descriptive create images, and expository convey factual information logically. In conclusion, understanding the structure and function of paragraphs can improve students' writing skills. This research recommends strengthening learning strategies that focus on analyzing paragraph structure and text variety to improve students' writing skills effectively.