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The third trimester of pregnancy is a challenging period since pregnant women experience various physical and psychological changes that can affect their readiness for childbirth. High anxiety levels and the presence of pregnancy complications are known to reduce maternal preparedness for labor. This study aims to determine the relationship between anxiety levels and pregnancy complications with the readiness of third trimester pregnant women in facing childbirth in the working area of Benteng Community Health Center, Selayar Islands Regency. This research used a quantitative approach with a correlational design and a cross-sectional method. The population consisted of all third trimester pregnant women, with a total sample of 86 respondents selected using purposive sampling. The research instruments included an anxiety questionnaire using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), a pregnancy complication checklist, and a childbirth readiness questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test and multiple logistic regression at a significance level of α = 0.05. The results of the study showed no significant relationship between anxiety and readiness for childbirth (p < 0.550) or between pregnancy complications and readiness for childbirth (p < 0.690). Therefore, it can be concluded that anxiety and pregnancy complications are not significantly related to the readiness of pregnant women in the third trimester for childbirth. This indicates that maternal readiness is influenced by factors other than the variables studied, such as knowledge, family support, and previous childbirth experiences.

Degenerative diseases are a major cause of morbidity in the elderly and continue to increase with age, lifestyle changes, and a lack of public awareness of the need for regular health check-ups. This community service activity aims to increase understanding and early detection of non-communicable diseases in people aged 30 years and older, particularly the elderly in the Appassarenge neighborhood, Bentenge Village, Ujung Bulu District, Bulukumba Regency. The activity methods included group exercise, blood pressure checks, blood sugar checks, health counseling, and referrals for participants with test results above normal limits. Data were analyzed descriptively to determine the proportion of participants with high blood pressure and blood sugar levels. The results showed that the majority of respondents had hypertension (70.97% of 31 participants), while 55.88% of 34 participants had high blood sugar levels. These findings indicate a high risk of non-communicable diseases in the elderly population related to diet, lack of physical activity, and a lack of regular health check-ups. This activity received a positive response because it provided easy access to health services and raised public awareness of the importance of early detection and adopting a healthy lifestyle. Overall, this community service activity contributed to increasing the elderly's knowledge and awareness of health, as well as supporting promotive and preventive efforts in preventing degenerative diseases.

Village Fund management plays a crucial role in promoting local development and community empowerment. However, its implementation often encounters challenges related to limited community participation, insufficient transparency, and the varying effectiveness of government programs. This study aims to analyze the accountability of Village Fund management in Benteng Poco Village, Wae Ri’i District, Manggarai Regency, focusing on three dimensions: process accountability, program accountability, and financial accountability. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and reviews of official village documents. The findings indicate that process accountability has been implemented adequately through village deliberations and the use of the Siskeudes administrative system, although community understanding and participation remain limited. Program accountability is carried out through regular evaluation meetings, yet the effectiveness of several programs is hampered by insufficient technical support and lack of sustainability. Financial accountability demonstrates a commitment to transparency, particularly through the publication of budget information, although the presentation of financial data remains difficult for some villagers to fully understand. This study highlights the need to enhance community involvement, simplify public financial information, and strengthen program support mechanisms to achieve transparent and accountable Village Fund governance.  

This study examines the optimization of military defense in North Sulawesi as a supporting pillar for Indonesia’s new import gateway. Positioned strategically on the Pacific rim, North Sulawesi is expected to become a hub for imported goods to support national economic equalization. However, this import route shift also brings security challenges, including military and non-military threats such as smuggling, maritime crimes, and potential infiltration by terrorist groups. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method based on literature study, focusing on the analysis of naval and air defense strategies, modernization of main weapon systems (alutsista), and the enhancement of human resources within the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI). The results indicate that strengthening defense infrastructure, including the addition of warships, patrol vessels, and modern fighter aircraft, is urgently needed to maintain regional stability. Furthermore, the application of the smart defense concept, integrating advanced technology with local community empowerment, can sustainably enhance maritime resilience. Investment in the defense sector has been shown to create a conducive climate for international trade, boost investor confidence, and strengthen Indonesia’s economic connectivity with the Asia-Pacific region. This study recommends synergy between the Ministry of Defense, TNI, and the national defense industry to accelerate the modernization and maintenance of alutsista, while ensuring the security of trade routes in North Sulawesi. With these measures, North Sulawesi can function optimally as a strategic import gateway that supports national economic growth and reinforces state defense.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman mendalam mengenai Konsili Trente (1545–1563) sebagai respons resmi Gereja Katolik terhadap tantangan Reformasi Protestan, sekaligus sebagai tonggak pembaruan internal Gereja. Masalah yang diangkat dalam studi ini adalah ketegangan teologis dan historis antara tuntutan pembaruan dari dalam Gereja serta kritik keras yang dilancarkan oleh para reformator Protestan terkait Kitab Suci, sakramen, dan otoritas Gereja. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi literatur melalui analisis data sekunder dari dokumen konsili, literatur teologi, serta penelitian historis sebelumnya. Kebaruan dari penelitian ini terletak pada penegasan peran Konsili Trente bukan hanya sebagai instrumen “kontra” terhadap Reformasi, melainkan juga sebagai wadah refleksi teologis yang menghasilkan reformasi internal mendalam dalam bidang liturgi, sakramentologi, formasi imam, dan disiplin gereja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Konsili Trente berhasil mengokohkan identitas Katolik melalui penegasan ajaran iman sekaligus memperbarui praksis pastoral, yang pada akhirnya menjadi landasan teologi dan kehidupan Gereja Katolik hingga Konsili Vatikan II. Oleh karena itu, studi ini menekankan pentingnya melihat Konsili Trente secara seimbang: sebagai benteng iman sekaligus sumber pembaruan yang relevan bagi dinamika Gereja sepanjang sejarah.

This research discusses "The Dynamics of Agrarian Conflicts: Political Perspectives of Land Rights (Case Study of the Conflict Between PT. Swarna Cinde Raya with residents of Pangkalan Benteng Village, Talang Kelapa District, Banyuasin Regency)''. It aims to find out the causes and development of the dynamics of agrarian conflicts between the residents of Pangkalan Benteng Village and PT Swarna Cinde Raya. The research method used was qualitative. With primary data, namely residents of Pangkalan Benteng village, Banyuasin Regency. Data collection techniques through interviews and documentation. The results of the study show that first. The agrarian conflict between the residents of Pangkalan Benteng Village and PT Swarna Cinde Raya occurred due to overlapping land claims, land evictions by the company, and the slow response of the government and law enforcement. The main causes are ownership disputes, human rights violations, and lack of transparency in the resolution of cases by the authorities. Second,  the agrarian conflict between the residents of Pangkalan Benteng Village and PT Swarna Cinde Raya (PT SCR) has been going on since 2009. PT SCR claims that the 200 hectares of land managed by residents for generations has now been reduced to 80 hectares. The company put up prohibition signs based on the Agrarian Cases Law, causing intimidation and uncertainty for residents. Residents feel that their rights have been deprived, suffered losses due to evictions, and have received a slow response from the government and law enforcement. South Sumatra's Ministry of Law and Human Rights recommends a settlement through legal channels, but the slow and lack of transparency creates public distrust and risks escalating conflicts. This conflict reflects structural problems of agrarian management in Indonesia, such as power imbalances, overlapping regulations, and weak protection of indigenous peoples' rights. A just settlement must prioritize transparency, community participation, and respect for human rights so that conflicts do not spread.

This study aims to describe the meaning of signs and values ​​contained in the story of the origin of the Penti ceremony in the Wae Mbeleng community, Benteng Kuwu Village, Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. The Penti ceremony is one of the important traditional rituals that contains various symbols and cultural values ​​as a form of gratitude to God and ancestors for the harvest and a request for protection in the coming year. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotic approach, which dissects signs through the concept of signifier and signified. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that the signs in the Penti ceremony, such as symbols of sacrificial animals, mantras, sacred places, and traditional foods, represent the spiritual relationship of the community with God, ancestors, and nature. In addition, values ​​such as ethics, spirituality, kinship, mutual cooperation, as well as educational and social values ​​are reflected in the practice of the ceremony. Thus, the Penti ceremony is not only a form of cultural expression, but also a means of inheriting the noble values ​​of the Manggarai community. This research is expected to contribute to the preservation of local culture and become a reference in the study of cultural anthropology and value education.

In the digital era like today, traditional games such as forts and gobak sodor are increasingly marginalized, even though these two games have great potential in supporting the motor and social development of elementary school children. This literature study aims to analyze the role of these two games in honing students' gross motor skills through running, jumping, and coordination activities, as well as social skills such as cooperation, communication, and sportsmanship. This research method uses a literature study with several stages, namely the data collection stage, the classification stage, the analysis stage, the synthesis stage, and the interpretation stage of relevant sources. The results of the study indicate that forts and gobak sodor are effective in training children's gross motor skills through dynamic movements such as running and dodging, while developing children's social values ​​through team interaction and collaborative strategies. Integration of traditional games in Physical Education learning in elementary schools can be a holistic strategy to improve students' physical and character development. The suggestion for educators is to modify these games so that they remain relevant to the current context without eliminating their educational value.

This research aims to examine the role of the Constitutional Court (MK) in protecting and guaranteeing the right to education as part of human rights and the constitutional rights of Indonesian citizens.Education enshrined in Article 31 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia is a fundamental right of every citizen that must be fulfilled by the state without discrimination.However, in its implementation, there are still gaps in access and violations of constitutional rights, especially for vulnerable groups and communities in marginalized areas. This research raises two main issues: (1) the gap in access and quality of education experienced by vulnerable groups and how the Constitutional Court protects those rights; and (2) violations of constitutional rights in the field of education.

This thesis discusses the implementation of the mukhabarah and muzara'ah system to improve the welfare of rice farmers in Benteng Bawah village, Mersam sub-district, Batanghari district, Jambi province. The main issues raised are how to implement the mukhabarah system for rice farming, how to implement the muzara'ah system for rice farming in Benteng Bawah Village, what is the impact of implementing the mukhabarah and muzara'ah system for agricuture on the economic welfare of rice farmers in Benteng Bawah Village.This type of research includes qualitative research, to obtain valid data the researcher uses data collection methods, namely observation, interviews and documentation. The data sources in this research are primary and secondary. The data analysis technique used is crosswel. Available data, which is usually in the form of a telephone call, is analyzed. This part of the analysis usually involves data classification. The resuts of research on the implementation of the mukhabarah and muzara'ah systems to improve the welfare of rice farmers in Benteng Bawah village, Mersam sub-district, Batanghari district, Jambi province, namely, in the mukhabarah system the harvest is divided into 3 parts, where 2 parts are for sharecroppers and 1 part is for land owners, because all costs and seeds are paid by the land cutivator, whereas in the muzara'ah system the harvest is divided into two or equally because the seeds and costs are paid by the land owner. These two systems have an impact on the welfare of land owners and sharecroppers, enough to meet food needs until the next harvest.

Vastenburg Fort is a cultural heritage area that has been designated by the Department of Culture and Tourism in 2010. In line with this designation, the City Government changed the spatial plan of Surakarta City by revising the Regional Regulation related to the regional spatial plan. In addition, the land status in the Vastenburg Fort area is divided into building use rights granted to the private sector. Even so, the City Government managed to obtain the former HGB land No. 383 which was designated as a Public Service Mall. The change in designation as a Public Service Mall is considered to reflect the need to adjust to the spatial plan in Surakarta City. However, the purpose of spatial planning in the Vastenburg Fort area should be designated for the preservation of cultural heritage. The purpose of this study is to find legal certainty arising from the conversion of former HGB land into a Public Service Mall by the Solo City Government. This study uses an empirical legal studies. The results of this study indicate that the conversion of former HGB land No. 383 in the Vastenburg Fort area by the Surakarta City Government is in accordance with the legislation. As for the City Government, the land is designated for the Public Service Mall in accordance with the spatial plan in Surakarta City in the Surakarta City RTRW Regional Regulation for the preservation of cultural heritage. However, the Surakarta City Government has not yet maximized the acquisition of HGB in the Vastenburg Fort area so that the use of land in the area is more optimal so that it benefits the entire community.

Stunting is still a health problem in Indonesia, especially in children over 12 months. Maternal education through booklets is an important innovation in preventing it. Objective: Analyze the effect of booklet education on the knowledge of mothers of toddlers. Quasi-experimental method with pretest and posttest on 18 mothers of stunting toddlers. The results of the research show a significant increase in maternal knowledge after being given education. The results of statistical tests show that there is a positive influence from education using booklets on increasing mothers' understanding of stunting in the work area of ​​Benteng Sukabumi City Health Center.

This study aims to overcome the problem of PE learning at SDN Petemon Surabaya, especially for grade 4 who have difficulty understanding the material due to lack of direct experience. One solution offered is seeing the effectiveness through learning outcomes and student responses after the implementation of the modified fort game. This study is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) with two cycles, each consisting of planning, implementation, and reflection. The aim is to find out whether the game modification can improve student learning outcomes and how students respond to this method. The results of the study showed a significant increase in student learning outcomes. In cycle I, the average learning outcome reached 57.06, while in cycle II it increased to 88.62, with an increase of 31.56. Learning completion also increased from 41.87% in cycle I to 86.20% in cycle II. The number of students who completed the course increased from 12 to 25 students, with an increase in the percentage of completion of 44.33%. Meanwhile, student responses through questionnaires also showed high enthusiasm. Overall, the modification of the fort game proved effective in improving learning outcomes in physical fitness material, with positive student responses.

This study examines the effectiveness of traditional games as a method of physical education learning in elementary schools. Traditional games, such as engklek, gobak sodor, bentengan, and petak umpet, not only serve as entertainment but also contribute to enhancing students' motor, social, and emotional skills. The research method used is a literature study, with thematic analysis to identify patterns and concepts from various related sources. The results show that traditional games can increase student active participation, create an inclusive and enjoyable learning atmosphere, and preserve local cultural values. Therefore, it is highly recommended that traditional games be included in the physical education curriculum to promote the overall growth of children.

Museum Benteng Vredeburg Yogyakarta is one of the historical buildings that has high architectural and historical value. As a Dutch colonial heritage, the building originally functioned as a defense fort in the 18th century before being converted into a museum that documents the history of the Indonesian people's struggle. This research aims to analyze the architectural history of Museum Benteng Vredeburg, including its functional evolution, building design characteristics, and its relevance to the historical context and local culture. The method used in this research is a qualitative-descriptive approach, with data collection techniques in the form of literature study, direct observation, and visual analysis of building architectural elements. The results showed that Fort Vredeburg adopted a European colonial architectural style that was adapted to the tropical conditions of Indonesia, such as sloping roofs, large vents, and the use of local materials. In addition, the transformation of the building's function from a military fort to a museum reflects the changes in the historical and symbolic meanings of the building over time. The research also found that the architectural elements of the building, such as the bastion, the main gate, and the spaces inside the fort, reflect not only the construction technology of the time but also the strategic and symbolic value of Dutch colonialism in Indonesia. By changing its function as a museum, Fort Vredeburg now serves as a link between the past and the present, acting as an educational platform as well as preserving historical and architectural values.

Background: There is a significant relationship between eating habits and the prevalence of hypertension in elderly citizens receiving care at community health centers. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the prevalence of hypertension in the community of Benteng Village RT 004/07, Benteng Health Centre Working Area, correlates with physical activity. Method: This study employed a cross-sectional methodology and was quantitative in nature. The sampling technique used was comprehenThe study employed a GPAQ questionnaire, a stethoscope, written consent, research tools, stationery, and data analysis procedures using Spearman's rank. tudy. Twenty-four respondents became the research sample. Results: According to the results of the Spearman rank statistical test, the incidence of hypertension in the Benteng Village community significantly correlates with physical activity (p value = 0.000), and the correlation is unidirectional (relationship coefficient = -0.324). The degree of hypertension among respondents decreased with increased physical activity. Suggestion: Community health centres can provide weekly fitness instructions for the elderly in an effort to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients through physical activity.

ABSTRACT Pancasila, as the foundation of the Indonesian state, plays a central role in maintaining diversity in the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). In the context of rich multiculturalism, Pancasila functions as a philosophical and moral foundation that binds the Indonesian nation. This abstract explores the role of Pancasila as a fortress that ensures unity in the ethnic, cultural, religious and linguistic diversity that exists in Indonesia. Pancasila affirms the principles of unity, social justice, democracy and just and civilized humanity, creating a framework that allows Indonesian people to live side by side in harmony. By understanding and internalizing the values ​​of Pancasila, Indonesian people can strengthen the country's sovereignty and build a strong foundation for an inclusive and sustainable future.

Introduction: Children's growth and development and learning achievements require adequate nutritional intake by eating breakfast or what is usually called breakfast. Research objective: To determine the relationship between breakfast habits and nutritional status with student learning achievement at SDN 345 ​​Kaduaja, Benteng Deata, Gandang Batu Sillanan District, Tana Toraja Regency. Research method: This research method is descriptive correlational with a cross sectional approach, the sample size is 37 respondents. represents the population. This sampling technique is Proportional Stratified Random Sampling. Data was collected using a questionnaire and tested statistically.  Research results: From the results of this research, the majority of respondents were female, 21 students (56.8%), the majority of respondents were 10 years old, 12 students (32.4%). The majority of respondents with good breakfast habits were 19 students (51.4%), the majority of respondents with good nutritional status were 19 students (51.4%) and the majority of respondents with good performance were 25 students (67.6%). The results of the Fisher's exact test statistical test showed that there was no relationship between breakfast habits and learning achievement with a p-value = 0.528 and it was found that there was a relationship between nutritional status and learning achievement with a p-value = 0.033. Conclusion: Based on the research results, it was concluded that there was no relationship breakfast habits and learning achievement. There is a relationship between nutritional status and learning achievement of students at SDN 345 ​​Kaduaja, Deata Deata Castle, Gandang Batu Sillanan subdistrict, Tana Toraja Regency. It is recommended that students meet their nutritional needs by eating healthy and balanced foods.

This research aims to determine the available water discharge in the Sawitto Main Channel in Kab. Pinrang and the amount of discharge available at Benteng Dam and to find out whether the flowing discharge can meet the water needs of the Sawitto Main Canal Irrigation. In this research, primary and secondary data collection was carried out in the field and at the UPTD PSDA office in the Sadang River Region using quantitative descriptive research methodology. Data were analyzed using the Water Balanced method. The results of the research show that the water balance condition in the Sawitto irrigation area in Pinrang district is experiencing a surplus where the availability of water exceeds the amount of air flow required with the largest difference being in June where the availability of air flow is 510 m3/second, the air flow requirement is 18.43 m3/second, with a water difference of 491.57 m3/second and the smallest difference was in November 201 m3/second, the water discharge requirement was 61.53 m3/second with a difference of 139.47 m3/second.  

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by the body's inability to metabolize carbohydrates, fats and proteins, leading to hyperglycemia. DM can be associated with serious complications such as kidney damage, eye problems, cardiovascular disease, nerve damage and skin and foot problems, so DM sufferers need to take precautions to avoid complications. Foot exercise is a type of foot exercise performed by diabetics which can increase peripheral perfusion and thus prevent worsening of diabetic neuropathy. Foot exercise can also reduce the risk and progression of peripheral neuropathy because it can improve blood flow to the periphery, increase muscle strength and improve motor function. Objective: to determine the effect of foot exercise on motor neuropathy in type 2 DM patients. Method: The design in this study used a quasi-experimental approach using a one group pretest posttest design. The sample for this research was 18 respondents. Data analysis used the paired sample t-test. Results: based on the results of statistical tests using the Paired Samples t Test, the resulting P value is 0.000 < 0.05, where it can be concluded that there is an influence of foot exercise on Motor Neuropathy in type 2 DM patients. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is an influence of foot exercise on Motor Neuropathy in type 2 DM patients in the working area of Benteng Sukabumi City Health Center.