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Diesel engines are widely used in the transportation and industrial sectors due to their high thermal efficiency and good operational durability. However, increased fuel consumption due to inefficiency of the injection system remains a common problem. Injector characteristics, particularly nozzle diameter and injection pressure, are important factors that affect the quality of fuel atomization, air-fuel mixing, and combustion efficiency. An inappropriate combination of parameters can cause suboptimal combustion and increase fuel consumption. This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in nozzle diameter and injection pressure on fuel consumption efficiency in diesel engines. The method used is an experiment with variations in nozzle diameter of 0.150 mm, 0.152 mm, and 0.154 mm and injection pressures of 400 bar, 420 bar, and 440 bar. Tests were conducted at engine speeds of 500 rpm, 1000 rpm, and 1500 rpm with a fuel consumption measurement time of one minute for each parameter combination. Fuel consumption was measured using the volumetric method and analyzed through the fuel volumetric flow rate, fuel mass flow rate, Brake Power (BP), and Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC). The results showed that the combination of a nozzle diameter of 0.150 mm and an injection pressure of 400 bar produced the lowest BSFC value, thus providing the best fuel consumption efficiency. Meanwhile, the combination of a nozzle diameter of 0.152 mm and an injection pressure of 420 bar showed the closest condition to optimal because it was able to provide a balance between atomization quality and the amount of fuel injected, resulting in efficient and stable combustion. Thus, the efficiency of a diesel engine is influenced by the balance of nozzle size and injection pressure, not solely by the lowest fuel consumption.

The availability of a reliable backup power source is essential for supporting the operational continuity of the Indonesian National Army Fuel Filling Station (SPBT) at the Naval Academy (AAL). Interruptions in the main electrical supply can disrupt fuel distribution activities and reduce operational readiness. This study aims to determine the most appropriate emergency generator as a backup power source for SPBT AAL using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Data were collected through observations, interviews, documentation, and questionnaires administered to experts with competencies in electrical systems and operational management. The evaluation was based on three criteria: purchase cost, spare parts availability, and ease of maintenance. Five generator alternatives were assessed, namely Cummins C10D6, Yanmar YTG10S, Traknus PL15P-SS, Honda EM10000, and Yamaha EF12000E. The results indicate that ease of maintenance is the most influential criterion with a priority weight of 0.627, followed by spare parts availability at 0.280 and purchase cost at 0.094. The global priority ranking shows that Yanmar YTG10S achieved the highest score of 0.438, making it the most suitable emergency generator for SPBT AAL. Furthermore, the consistency ratio (CR) values were below 0.10, indicating that the respondents’ judgments were consistent and that the results are valid for decision-making purposes.

This research critically investigates the circulation of disinformation concerning the instability of fuel prices on the digital platform X and its subsequent implications for the polarization of modern society. In an era where unverified economic news frequently dictates public reaction, fake news often acts as a potent catalyst for mass anxiety. By implementing a quantitative framework driven by lexicon-based computational sentiment analysis, this study effectively processed a dataset of 500 public opinion samples extracted via Google Colab spanning from April 2024 to April 2026. To ensure computational accuracy and eliminate textual noise, the data underwent a rigorous preprocessing phase encompassing case folding, alongside the systematic removal of URLs, account mentions, numbers, hashtags, and punctuation marks. The statistical outcomes revealed a highly disproportionate emotional landscape, overwhelmingly dominated by 451 negative reviews. In stark contrast, neutral observations and positive affirmations were nearly absent, recording only 40 and 9 instances, respectively. The data compellingly illustrates that the relentless influx of pessimistic narratives regarding economic instability directly induces financial panic, undermines rational discourse, and severely fragments cyberspace into deeply polarized factions.

The practice of adulterating RON 92 (Pertamax) fuel has the potential to violate consumer rights and is contrary to applicable laws and regulations. The practice of mixing lower-quality fuel and then marketing it as RON 92 results in material and immaterial losses for users, including reduced vehicle performance and a loss of trust in business operators. This research aims to analyze the legal protections available to consumers regarding the practice of adulterating fuel based on Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection and related provisions in Law Number 22 of 2001 concerning Oil and Gas. The research method used is normative legal research with a library research approach, through analysis of relevant laws and regulations, scientific literature, and secondary legal sources. The results indicate that the practice of adulterating fuel violates consumers' rights to comfort, security, safety, and accurate information as stipulated in Article 4 of the Consumer Protection Law, and violates the obligations of business actors as stipulated in Articles 7 and 8 of the Consumer Protection Law. Business actors can be held accountable for civil damages, dispute resolution through the Consumer Dispute Resolution Agency (BPSK), or subject to administrative and criminal sanctions in accordance with the Oil and Gas Law. Therefore, legal protection for consumers in cases of fuel adulteration requires an interconnectedness between effective government oversight, firm law enforcement, business actor accountability, and increased consumer legal awareness to ensure legal certainty and fairness in trade activities.

Processing plastic waste into fuel oil with pyrolysis technology. Research on plastic oil as an alternative fuel has been widely conducted. One of them is research on processing plastic bag waste into fuel oil with pyrolysis technology. In this study, a set of pyrolysis equipment was made by Lecturers and Students of UMNU Kebumen. The plastic waste used in this study was 1 kg of plastic bag. Meanwhile, the pyrolysis process used a temperature of 250oC-300oC. The fuel oil produced in the pyrolysis process of this study was approximately 400 ml. The average density of fuel oil from plastic bag waste was 0.733 gr/ml. The results of this density calculation are in the possibility of the density of gasoline, namely 0.710 gr/ml to 0.770 gr/ml. This pyrolysis process shows great potential for converting plastic waste into an environmentally friendly alternative energy source. Furthermore, the efficiency of this pyrolysis technology can be improved by adjusting the temperature and processing time, as well as by selecting a wider variety of plastic types. This technology has the potential to be applied more widely in plastic waste management within the community as a solution to reduce environmental pollution while generating renewable energy.

The purpose of this paper is to understand the implementation of the Fuel Filling Permit system in the Tax-Free Zone at PT. Pelayaran Nasional Nusantara Perkasa. This paper analyzes the implementation of the Fuel Filling Permit using a fleet of tankers and ships in the Free Trade Zone (FTZ), specifically in the Free Trade Zone and Free Port (KPBPB) such as Batam. The implementation of this permit is closely related to the regulations on fuel distribution and management, which are regulated by the government and area management bodies such as the Batam Free Trade Zone Authority (BP Batam). PT. Pelayaran Nasional Nusantara Perkasa is an official fuel filling agent for PT. Pertamina Patra Niaga in Batam, which will fill fuel or provide fuel for ships. This research method utilizes field and library methods. The results of this study provide the company with a better understanding of the procedures for obtaining a Fuel Filling Permit using a fleet of tankers and ships in the Free Trade Zone (TFZ), which can be submitted online and directly to the relevant agency office.

Salah satu bentuk pengolahan limbah menjadi energi yang berasal dari limbah padat perkotaan adalah sampah bahan bakar turunan atau Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF). Terdapat berbagai teknologi pengeringan yang biasanya digunakan untuk pengeringan RDF. Contoh penerapannya adalah oil tube rotary dryer sebagai alternatif dari steam tube rotary dryer karena sejumlah alasan utama. Pertama, penggunaan oil engine sebagai material penghantar panas tidak membutuhkan tekanan tinggi seperti pada steam tube rotary dryer sehingga komposisi desain yang tidak serumit steam tube rotary dryer. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perancangan dan analisis kekuatan struktur mesin oil tube rotary dryer yang dilakukan melalui software Solidworks. Cara kerja mesin dimulai dari pemanasan thermal oil di unit pemanas hingga mencapai suhu operasi yang diinginkan. Oil panas kemudian disirkulasikan secara tertutup ke dalam tube di dalam drum pengering. Pada saat yang sama, RDF dengan kadar air awal 55% dimasukkan melalui inlet housing ke dalam shell. Suhu yang bekerja pada oil untuk memanaskan sekitar 150°C, jumlah total tube 65 buah berdiameter 1,25 inch, dan panjang pipa 10 m yang tersusun di dalam shell. Hasil analisis struktur mesin oil tube rotary dryer berdasarkan simulasi didapatkan stress (von mises) dengan nilai tertinggi 9,371 × 108 N/m^2. Sedangkan nilai terendah 9,628 × 103 N/m^2. Nilai tertinggi dari hasil simulasi tersebut terjadi pada sudut tajam bagian support roller yang tidak terdapat kontak, sehingga hal ini dapat diabaikan karena merupakan stress singularity. Hasil simulasi displacement  dengan  nilai tertinggi 1,026 × 101 N/m^2. Sedangkan nilai terendah 1,000 × 10-30 N/m^2. Nilai tertinggi dari hasil simulasi tersebut merupakan penerapan dari gaya centrifugal yang terjadi pada drum/shell rotary. Hasil simulasi Safety factor yaitu mengacu pada rata-rata probe result adalah 2,3. Sehingga dari hasil simula

Desa Karangrau di Kecamatan Banyumas memiliki lahan subur yang sebagian besar ditanami durian hasil persilangan lokal dan Musangking. Pertanian, terutama budidaya durian, menjadi mata pencaharian utama warga. Para petani tergabung dalam Gapoktan Sumber Makmur dan KWT Setia Tani yang berperan dalam pengelolaan hasil panen. Namun, terdapat beberapa kendala seperti keterbatasan pengetahuan teknik budidaya modern, perawatan tradisional tanpa dukungan teknologi, serta sistem irigasi yang belum optimal. KWT Setia Tani juga menghadapi tantangan dalam pengolahan produk turunan durian akibat minimnya pengetahuan diversifikasi. Padahal, durian berpotensi diolah menjadi roti, selai, tepung, hingga pemanfaatan limbah sebagai bahan bakar alternatif. Melalui peningkatan pengetahuan, teknologi, dan inovasi pengolahan, Desa Karangrau berpeluang menjadi sentra durian unggulan yang mampu meningkatkan nilai tambah dan kesejahteraan masyarakatnya.Desa Karangrau di Kecamatan Banyumas memiliki lahan subur yang sebagian besar ditanami durian hasil persilangan lokal dan Musangking. Pertanian, terutama budidaya durian, menjadi mata pencaharian utama warga. Para petani tergabung dalam Gapoktan Sumber Makmur dan KWT Setia Tani yang berperan dalam pengelolaan hasil panen. Namun, terdapat beberapa kendala seperti keterbatasan pengetahuan teknik budidaya modern, perawatan tradisional tanpa dukungan teknologi, serta sistem irigasi yang belum optimal. KWT Setia Tani juga menghadapi tantangan dalam pengolahan produk turunan durian akibat minimnya pengetahuan diversifikasi. Padahal, durian berpotensi diolah menjadi roti, selai, tepung, hingga pemanfaatan limbah sebagai bahan bakar alternatif. Melalui peningkatan pengetahuan, teknologi, dan inovasi pengolahan, Desa Karangrau berpeluang menjadi sentra durian unggulan yang mampu meningkatkan nilai tambah dan kesejahteraan masyarakatnya.

Dependence on fossil fuels, such as gasoline and diesel, has become a global issue that affects environmental sustainability and energy security. Increasing greenhouse gas emissions, decreasing natural resource reserves, and instability of global energy prices encourage the need for innovation in motor vehicle fuel systems. This study aims to assess fuel efficiency and engine performance on a 110 CC motorcycle with a standard compression of 10.7:1, by utilizing a mixture of RON 90 gasoline and alcohol. The main focus of the study is to compare the effect of varying alcohol content on engine power output, with mixtures of E12.5, E17.5, and E22.5. The method used is an experimental method with three variables, namely the independent variable (type and content of fuel mixture), the dependent variable (engine power), and the control variables (engine condition, temperature, and testing method). Testing was carried out using a combination of iridium spark plugs and standard spark plugs, as well as variations in Pilot Jet sizes 34 and 35 on aftermarket carburetors. Each combination was tested to determine its effect on the maximum engine power. The results showed that a blend of E12.5 fuel with Pilot Jet 35 and iridium spark plugs produced the highest power output compared to other tested combinations. This combination was proven to optimize combustion in the combustion chamber, thereby improving engine efficiency and performance. Conversely, increasing the alcohol content above E12.5 did not provide a significant increase and even tended to decrease power due to alcohol's lower calorific value than gasoline. The conclusion of this study is that the use of an aftermarket carburetor with Pilot Jet 35 and iridium spark plugs, combined with an E12.5 fuel blend, can be an effective alternative for improving the performance of a 110cc motorcycle. These findings are expected to serve as a reference for the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly blended fuel technology.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan merumuskan standarisasi penggunaan bahan bakar pada kendaraan dinas di Akademi Angkatan Laut (AAL) berdasarkan ketersediaan yang ada. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis deskriptif, menggunakan data primer dari observasi langsung dan data sekunder dari dokumentasi penggunaan bahan bakar kendaraan dinas selama periode 2023 sampai akhir 2024 serta data jumlah jenis tipe kendaraan dan jenis bahan bakar yang tersedia di SPBT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 13 jenis tipe kendaraan dinas di AAL, 9 jenis tipe kendaraan menggunakan bahan bakar yang tersedia di SPBT sesuai dengan standarisasi yang di rekomendasikan. Terdapat 2 jenis tipe kendaraan yang belum menggunakan bahan bakar sesuai standarisasi yang telah direkomendasikan yaitu Toyota Camri 3.5 L tahun 2021 dan Toyota Fortuner 2.8 tahun 2023. Untuk itu disarankan pada saat pengadaaan kendaraan dinas disesuaikan dengan ketersediaan bahan bakar di SPBT atau pengadaan bahan bakar disesuaikan dengan kondisi kendaraan dinas yang ada di AAL.

A Fuel Filling Station is a location that produces air pollution due to transportation activities. The use of motorized vehicles will produce various pollutants including NO2 and SO2. Public Fuel Filling Station (SPBU) officers are a group of workers who play an important role in helping to provide services and provide fuel needs for public transportation. However, these officers also have the risk of being exposed to hazardous chemicals, especially motor vehicle gas emissions such as SO2 and NO2 produced by vehicles that will refuel. This study aims to determine the quality of Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) in Ambient Air at SPBU 84-97104 Passo. This type of research is descriptive research, this research is supported by examination using the Midget Impinger tool. The population in this study is the entire ambient air at SPBU 84-97104 Passo. The samples in this study are the parameters of Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) which will be measured at the measurement points that have been determined according to SNI 19-7119.6-2005 concerning Determination of Sampling Locations for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Tests. The results of NO2 and SO2 measurements carried out at gas station 84-97104 which were carried out for 1 hour obtained NO2 measurement results of 10.50 µg/m3 and SO2 30.37µg/m3 which means that it meets the requirements according to the standard quality for Nitrogen Dioxide 200 µg/m3, and Sulfur Dioxide quality 150 µg/m3 according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 2 of 2023. Based on the results of NO2 and SO2 measurements carried out at gas station 84-97104 which were carried out for 1 hour, the NO2 measurement results met the requirements according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 2 of 2023. Concentration of Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Ambient Air, Fuel.

  The current warming trend is a negative externality of human activities since the mid-1800s and is proceeding at a pace unprecedented over the past millennia, such as increased energy consumption leading to an increase in the concentration ofCO2 gas and other gases in the atmosphere. CO2 gas has the largest contribution to global warming at about 56%. Increased energy consumption that causes an increase inCO2 gas because the use of energy consumption in Indonesia is still dominated by fossil energy consumption produced from fossil fuels and often uses technology that is not environmentally friendly so that it can trigger an increase in Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions which is the largest contributor to global warming. In response to this warming trend, Indonesia has ratified the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 into Law Number 17 of 2004 and the Paris Agreement into Law Number 16 of 2016 in an effort to reduce the temperature rise limit to 1.5°C above the earth's temperature in pre-industrial times. The objectives of this study are (1) To analyze the effect of electricity consumption and fossil fuel consumption simultaneously on the negative externalities of GHG emissions in Indonesia. (2) To analyze the effect of electricity consumption and fossil fuel consumption partially on the negative externalities of GHG emissions in Indonesia. The data used is secondary data, with multiple linear analysis techniques. The results showed that (1) Electricity consumption and fossil fuel consumption simultaneously affect the negative externalities of GHG emissions in Indonesia. (2) Electricity consumption partially has a positive and significant effect on the negative externalities of GHG emissions in Indonesia. (3) Fossil fuel consumption partially has a positive and insignificant effect on the negative externalities of GHG emissions in Indonesia. Keywords: Greenhouse Gas, Negative Externalities, Energy Consumption, Electricity Consumption, Fossil Fuel Consumption

The scarcity of fuel that has an impact on the high selling price of fuel, then there needs to be an effort to save fuel in motor vehicles. The solution to this problem is to use renewable fuel, one of the renewable fuels is hydrogen gas. With the addition of renewable energy in the form of HHO gas (Hydrogen Hydrogen Oxygen) from water electrolysis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the application of an electrolyzer on saving fuel consumption in motor vehicles. By using a quantitative method with an experimental research design to test the effect of two variables whether there is a change in the form of fuel savings before and after the installation of the electrolyzer tube. Based on the trials that the researcher has conducted, the results of the study were obtained, namely that the addition of an electrolyzer has an effect on the fuel consumption of 4-stroke motorcycles, both in static and dynamic tests. So with the addition of an electrolyzer, it will be able to save fuel consumption in motorcycles when compared to without using an electrolyzer    

International airports are complex work environments with unique occupational health and safety risks. As hubs of intensive transportation activities, airports involve various operations, including flight services, passenger handling, cargo management, and fuel operations. Early detection of fuel leaks is crucial to ensure the aircraft’s fuel system is free from leaks, blockages, or potential fire hazards. This study aims to analyze the causes of fuel leakage and identify appropriate mitigation measures, using observation and literature review methods. The findings indicate that fuel leakage occurring while the aircraft is parked suggests damage to certain fuel system components, such as seal gaskets, sealants, and dome nuts, which may suffer from wear or cracking due to age-related degradation. Such damage poses serious risks, including fire hazards, corrosion to aircraft structures—particularly in hard-to-reach areas like the wings or fuselage—and a drop in fuel pressure that could impair engine performance or cause flight cancellations. To address these issues, thorough inspections of all fuel system components are essential. Additionally, the use of sensors to detect abnormal changes in fuel pressure and flow, combined with rigorous leak testing after repairs, is recommended to ensure operational safety and reliability.

Fuel consumption is a necessity in moving mechanical equipment, where fuel consumption is influenced by road conditions, horsepower, and load factors. PT. Mitra Indah Lestari uses Hyundai 480 and Sany750-H excavators. The transport equipment used is Wechai WT90, Tonly TLD90, and Quester CWE 330. This study uses a quantitative method and obtains fuel consumption results, where the fuel consumption of the Hyundai 480 and Sany 750-H excavators is 37.89 liters/hour and 59.91 liters/hour, respectively. The fuel consumption of the Wechai WT90, Tonly TLD90, and Quester CWE 330 transport equipment is 25.19 liters/hour; 27.53 liters/hour; and 10.66 liters/hour, respectively.

Efficient and accurate fuel management systems are becoming increasingly important as energy needs and operational complexity increase in various industrial sectors. This study aims to design and implement a fuel flow monitoring and control system using a variable control valve. This system allows real-time monitoring of the level and flow of fuel in the service tank on the ship, as well as automated control. In its implementation, ultrasonic sensors, control valves are combined with LM2596 connected to Arduino nano for data collection, analysis and visualization. The test results show that this system is able to provide accurate data on the flow and level of fuel in the service tank on the ship by displaying the measurement results on the LCD and providing warnings via a buzzer. The LCD display shows the reading of the fuel level and valve opening in the tank. At a fuel level of 0 - 25% the valve will open 100% and requires an average filling time of 25 seconds, At a fuel level of 25% - 50% the valve will open 75% and requires an average filling time of 27 seconds, At a fuel level of 50 - 75% the valve will open 50% and requires an average filling time of 30 seconds, At a fuel level of 75 - 99% the valve will open 25% and requires an average filling time of 32 seconds.

Biogas is an alternative energy source that is environmentally friendly, cheap, easy to obtain and renewable. In general, all types of organic materials can be processed to produce biogas, however only homogeneous organic materials (solid and liquid) such as manure and urine (urine) of livestock are suitable for a simple biogas system. Biogas can be burned like LPG and on a large scale can be used to generate electricity, so that biogas can be used as an alternative energy source that is environmentally friendly and renewable. To determine the performance of biogas as an alternative energy source, in this research the method used is to compare the performance of Biogas with LPG gas as a source of electrical energy. Analysis of trial data per minute (RPM), with varying load levels, shows that the RPM of generators using LPG only decreases slightly as the electrical load increases, which shows that the generator is able to maintain more consistent performance. The RPM produced by LPG, which ranges from 2358 to 2420 RPM, indicates that the engine is running faster and more efficiently, while biogas has a lower RPM, ranging from 1715 to 1820 RPM, which indicates slower operation. LPG efficiency ranges from 89.60% to 98.12%, while biogas efficiency ranges from 74.67% to 89.60%. Even though biogas shows less stable performance than LPG, biogas still has potential as an alternative fuel, especially in areas that have limited access to LPG but have abundant sources of biogas raw materials. The use of biogas can reduce dependence on fossil fuels and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Even though LPG is more efficient, biogas has significant potential to be developed as a more environmentally friendly alternative energy source because LPG relies on non-renewable fossil fuels and has a negative impact on the environment in the long term.

Kapal Penunpang KM. Dharma Rucitra 9 milik PT. Dharma Lautan Utama (DLU) di wilayah Semarang mengoperasikan layanan penyeberangan Semarang-Kumai, sedangkan KM. Dharma Kartika 2 melayani layanan penyeberangan Surabaya-Banjarmasin yang disediakan pemerintah untuk masyarakat Indonesia. Terdapat beberapa skema dalam pengangkutan bahan baku antara Ship to Ship, Truck to Ship dan Onshore to Ship Pengadaan bahan baku akan dilakukan melalui skema ship to ship dan Truck to ship di wilayah penumpang, sehingga apabila terjadi kecelakaan akan mengakibatkan kerugian yang tidak sedikit, baik dari segi material maupun manusia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemilihan metode bunker terhadap perhitungan ROB (Quantity Remaining On Board), biaya tumpahan minyak Penelitian ini juga bertujuan menganalisis faktor yang paling dominan pengaruhnya terhadap tumpahan minyak ketika saat melakukan proses bunker. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan perhitungan-perhitungan ROB Soundingan – Trim = Hasil sounding, selanjutnya adalah perhitungan untuk menentukan jumlah permintaan minyak untuk bunker.   Kapasitas tangki – ROB (Sisa bahan bakar), untuk analisis biaya kasus tumpahan minyak penulis menggunakan rumus dari (W.wirtz,) yaitu sesuai Persamaan   Ln (TC) = 0,4667 x (t) + 13,894. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini peneliti bisa menyimpulkan untuk kedua metode bunker sendiri tidak ada kebocoran pada saat proses bunker sehingga aman untuk pemilihan metode bunker tersebut, tetapi untuk analisis pemilihan metode bunker dapat diambil kesimpulan dari segi keamanan, teknis dan biaya metode bunker dengan menggunakan truk to ship lebih efisien, mendapat 80%, segi keselamatan truck to sehip mendapat 60% segi biaya truk to ship mendapat 60%, berdasarkan analisis perhitungan sisa bahan bakar yang telah peneliti analisis tidak ada over muatan atau kelebihan muatan yang segnifikan, Proses identifikasi risiko tumpahan minyak merupakan risiko ringan atau rendah, namun tetap harus diperhatikan dan dikendalikan untuk mengatasinya apabila terjadi risiko besar, dampak dari tumpahan ini berdampak selama 3 bulan maka kerugian yang di alami nelayan sebesar Rp. 1.240.729,- × 36 = Rp.44.666.244,- perhitungan ini hanya untuk satu nelayan sedangkan untuk penduduk pesisir pelabuhan Tanjung perak surabaya 75% berprofesi sebagai nelayan tentu saja ini menjadi kerugian yang besar bagi nelayan.

An environmentally friendly fuel with great potential for use in transportation and industry is B40 biodiesel. It is a mixture of 60% diesel and 40% biodiesel. With an emphasis on engine performance, environmental impact, and financial incentives, the study assesses how beneficial its use can be. According to the findings, B40 biodiesel burns better and produces fewer carbon emissions compared to pure diesel because it has a higher cetane number. However, fuel consumption may increase due to the much lower energy content of biodiesel. B40 requires more maintenance to avoid hygroscopic effects, but it has been shown to improve lubrication and support heavy equipment operations in industrial environments. Implementing B40 has several benefits, including the ability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.  

This research aims to design and test a genset fuel conversion system from gasoline to HHO gas (brown gas) as a more environmentally friendly alternative. Conventional fossil-fueled generators face challenges in theform of limited resources and the impact of environmental pollution. In this study, HHO gas is produced through a water electrolysis process using an HHO generator that separates water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen using electric current. The test results show that increasing the voltage from 2.58 V to 5.12 V significantly increases the volume of gas produced. At a voltage of 2.58 V, the gas volume reached 110 ml, and increased to 750 ml at a voltage of 4.72 V. The generator set was successfully operated for 1 minute 15 seconds with HHO gas using a separate battery power source. These results demonstrate the potential of HHO gas as an efficient alternative fuel for generator sets. This study recommends further testing with voltage and current variations to find the optimal configuration, as well as the use of a larger power source to increase the efficiency of HHO gas electrolysis.