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Sufism as a spiritual approach has a great potential to prevent mental health problems among Generation Z students at UIN Walisongo Semarang. This is because Sufism focuses on inner balance, self-awareness, and strengthening spiritual values that can be a source of psychological resilience. This study aims to investigate how Sufism practices such as dhikr, self-reflection, and spiritual guidance can help prevent mental health problems, such as stress, anxiety, and loneliness among Generation Z students. The method used in this study is a qualitative study with a phenomenological design. Data were obtained from in-depth interviews with students, observations of religious activities on campus, and focus group discussions, then analyzed thematically. Interviews were conducted with three students: Wilda Ismatus Sarifah (Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training), Sinta Wahdatul Khusna (Faculty of Tarbiyah of Social and Political Sciences), and Umi Fathonah (Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training). The study found that regular Sufism practice guided by experienced individuals helped students feel more meaningful, more socially connected, and develop coping strategies. This was associated with reduced symptoms of stress and anxiety, as well as improved well-being. The study recommends integrating Sufism-based spiritual programs into campus counseling services and character development activities. It also recommends training spiritual mentors and fostering collaboration between student welfare units and religious institutions on campus to support the mental health of young people.

Stunting remains a persistent nutritional challenge that threatens human capital development in Indonesia. This study examines the effects of exclusive breastfeeding, female education, sanitation, access to safe drinking water, inadequate food consumption, and poverty on stunting prevalence across 34 provinces in Indonesia during 2017–2024. The study employs a random-effects Panel EGLS estimator with Panel Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE) to address heteroskedasticity and cross-sectional dependence in provincial panel data. The findings reveal that exclusive breastfeeding, female education, and adequate sanitation significantly reduce stunting prevalence, while poverty significantly increases it. Interestingly, inadequate food consumption is negatively associated with stunting prevalence, potentially reflecting the contribution of government nutritional assistance and social protection programs. In contrast, access to safe drinking water does not show a statistically significant effect. Among the explanatory variables, female education is strongly associated with reductions in stunting. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening women’s education, improving sanitation quality, and expanding poverty-alleviation and nutrition-sensitive interventions to accelerate reductions in stunting and support the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 2 in Indonesia.

This study is motivated by the dynamic changes in digital consumer behavior in e-commerce, particularly in the purchase of electronic products through the Tokopedia platform. The study aims to analyze and synthesize the influence of online reviews and product ratings on purchase decisions using a systematic literature review approach. The method involves a comprehensive examination of global and local scientific literature, with a focus on peer-reviewed journals and empirical studies published between 2021 and 2026. The findings indicate that online reviews and product ratings are capable of reducing consumer uncertainty as well as the functional risks associated with electronic products. Empirical evidence over the past decade suggests that high ratings can build initial confidence in brand quality, while detailed reviews provide crucial technical validation for potential buyers. Overall, these two indicators work synergistically to strengthen consumer trust and serve as key determinants in the final stage of the purchasing decision. The implications suggest that e-commerce platforms and sellers need to prioritize the management of user-generated content and maintain transparency in reputation to remain competitive in a market increasingly reliant on the credibility of online information.

This study examines the relationship between the Human Development Index (HDI) and population size with economic growth in North Sumatra Province during 2010-2025 using multiple linear regression based on secondary data. The results indicate that both variables are jointly associated within the model, although they show different directions when observed individually. Population size tends to move in line with economic growth, while HDI shows an opposite tendency. These findings suggest that improvements in human capital have not yet been fully reflected in productive economic activities in the region.

In today’s world, social media has become an everyday necessity for interacting and socializing with others, but it has both positive and negative effects, particularly on the younger generation. The roles of parents and educators are crucial in building the digital resilience of the younger generation. The solution is to provide early education to the younger generation, particularly new students for the 2025/2026 school year, during the School Orientation Program conducted by the UKMC Community Service Team. The purpose of this activity is to educate new students at SMK Xaverius Palembang to improve their understanding of digital literacy and online etiquette and to use social media more responsibly. The PkM Team served as guest speakers, presenting material on digital literacy and social media ethics, as well as real-life case studies, on Thursday, July 17, 2025, in the auditorium of SMK Xaverius Palembang. This activity is a community service initiative that uses interactive educational methods, in which the team presents five questions related to online gambling, fake news, cyberbullying, explicit content, and ending human trafficking in the form of digital posters, and the students explain them. The team also provided real-life examples and explained their causes and effects. Based on the results of the program, students demonstrated increased awareness of the risks associated with online gambling, fake news, cyberbullying, and explicit content, as well as the importance of combating human trafficking, and were more likely to adopt positive social media etiquette.

This study aims to examine the differences in stock prices before and after the Palestine-Israel ceasefire event in fast-food restaurant companies,  Pizza Hut and KFC. International-scale events may influence investor perceptions, as reflected in stock price movements in the capital market. This study employs a comparative quantitative approach using stock price data collected over 30 days before and 30 days after the ceasefire event. The analyzed data consist of secondary data processed through descriptive statistics, normality tests, and hypothesis testing. The findings indicate that the average stock price of PZZA increased after the event, whereas FAST experienced a decline in its average stock price. These results reveal differences in stock prices between the periods before and after the ceasefire event in both companies. The findings further suggest that geopolitical events are associated with changes in stock prices in the fast-food restaurant industry, although market responses differ across companies. Therefore, future studies are recommended to expand the scope of research objects and extend the observation period to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of market responses to international events.

This study examines the application of innovation in public services based on digital technology as a strategic approach to improve the effectiveness, efficiency, transparency, and overall quality of government services. The digitization of service delivery through e-government initiatives, smart governance frameworks, and various applications such as SEPP, E-Lapor, JAKI, and OpenSID has been proven to accelerate administrative processes, simplify complex bureaucratic procedures, and significantly expand public access to services. In addition, these digital platforms contribute to more inclusive and user-oriented public service systems. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of technology in improving service delivery and to identify strategic steps that can be taken to address the challenges associated with service innovation in the public sector. Qualitative research methods were applied, utilizing data collection techniques through an extensive literature review of relevant academic and policy sources. The findings illustrate that technology-based innovation not only supports improved service performance but also strengthens accountability, responsiveness, and public participation in governance processes.

Flexible work arrangements (FWAs) have gained increasing attention in contemporary organizations as a strategy to enhance employee-related outcomes in dynamic work environments. This study aims to synthesize empirical evidence on the relationship between flexible work arrangements and employee outcomes through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) guided by the PRISMA framework. A structured literature search initially identified 200 records, of which 117 peer-reviewed journal articles were retained after excluding non-journal publications. Following full-text screening and eligibility assessment, 45 empirical studies were included in the final analysis. The review reveals that flexible work arrangements are generally associated with positive employee outcomes, particularly job satisfaction, employee well-being, work–life balance, engagement, and performance, although the strength and direction of these relationships vary across organizational contexts and implementation practices. The findings highlight key research trends and methodological gaps, offering valuable insights for future research and practical implications for organizations seeking to effectively implement flexible work arrangements.A

This study explores the intellectual structure and research trends surrounding ethnocentrism in multinational corporations (MNCs) through a bibliometric mapping approach, with particular attention to cross-cultural management and workforce diversity studies. An initial dataset of 200 records was retrieved using Publish or Perish from Google Scholar and Crossref, of which 96 peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2020 and 2025 were retained following a PRISMA guided screening process. Bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer to examine keyword co occurrence, network relationships, and thematic density. The results indicate that ethnocentrism functions as a central organizing concept within the literature, closely associated with cultural differences, expatriation, workforce diversity, and organizational practices in multinational contexts. Temporal patterns observed in overlay and density visualizations suggest a growing scholarly emphasis on practice-oriented and context-specific perspectives, particularly in relation to managerial and organizational implications in global operations. Overall, this study offers a structured synthesis of existing research, highlights emerging thematic directions, and provides a foundation for future empirical and comparative inquiries into cultural diversity management in multinational corporations.

The advancement of social media platforms, especially TikTok, has drastically changed the behavioral patterns and lifestyles of Generation Z. One psychological impact of intensive social media use is Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), which is the worry of missing out on news, trends, or viral social activities. This study aims to reveal how FoMO affects the lifestyle of Generation Z active on TikTok, focusing on aspects of mental health, shopping habits, and the balance of social interactions. This research uses a literature study approach with a qualitative descriptive method, through in-depth analysis of 21 scientific articles published between 2019 and 2025. The findings show that FoMO is associated with increased anxiety, depression, personal dissatisfaction, and excessive social media use among Generation Z. Furthermore, FoMO also drives impulsive consumption patterns and purchases triggered by online trends as well as the desire for social approval. On the other hand, internal factors such as self-confidence and self-control ability have proven to reduce the level of FoMO and its negative effects. This study concludes that FoMO is a complex phenomenon that impacts the mental health and lifestyle of Generation Z, thus requiring measures such as increasing digital literacy, strengthening self-control, and using social media wisely to reduce the negative impacts of FoMO in the long term.

Stock price crash risk has become a critical concern in investment decision making and risk management, drawing the attention of investors and regulators amid a dynamic global business environment and repeated financial crises. However, empirical evidence on this issue remains limited in developing countries, particularly in the Iraqi context. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between board characteristics—board gender diversity, board size, and board independence—and stock price crash risk, as well as the mediating role of audit committee effectiveness. The study uses secondary data from ten banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange (ISX) during the 2017–2023 period. The findings show that board gender diversity and board size significantly reduce stock price crash risk. Higher female representation on boards is associated with more conservative decision making and stronger monitoring, which improves financial reporting transparency. An appropriately sized board also enhances oversight and lowers the likelihood of extreme negative stock price movements. In addition, the results indicate that the frequency of audit committee meetings mediates the relationship between board independence and stock price crash risk, suggesting that board independence is more effective when supported by an active audit committee. This study recommends that investors and financial analysts consider board characteristics and audit committee effectiveness when assessing firm value and risk. Furthermore, regulators and policymakers are encouraged to promote gender diversity on corporate boards to strengthen governance quality and reduce the probability of stock price crashes.

Mining companies are increasingly required to demonstrate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) accountability through sustainability reporting (SR). However, empirical evidence regarding the impact of SR on firm value in Indonesia’s mining sector remains inconsistent. This study aims to systematically examine the relationship between sustainability reporting and firm value using legitimacy theory as the conceptual framework. A Systematic Literature Review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 protocol, employing narrative and thematic synthesis. Peer-reviewed articles published between 2018 and 2025 were retrieved from Google Scholar, Garuda Portal, and SINTA databases using relevant keywords. From 4,260 initial records, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria after screening, deduplication, and quality appraisal using an adapted CASP checklist. The findings reveal three dominant patterns: most studies report a positive effect of SR on firm value through improved transparency, corporate reputation, and investor confidence; several studies find no significant relationship due to short-term investor orientation; while a minority report negative effects associated with low disclosure quality and greenwashing concerns. Furthermore, the effectiveness of SR is influenced by disclosure quality, corporate governance, profitability, and leverage. This study implies that sustainability reporting can enhance firm value when disclosures are credible, consistent, and material, supporting legitimacy theory and encouraging alignment with the GRI 14: Mining Sector 2024 standard.

Koperatives are a form of people-based economic organization that play a strategic role in improving community welfare and strengthening the national economy. However, many cooperatives still face organizational and managerial challenges that limit their economic performance. This study aims to analyze the relationship between cooperative organizational structures, governance mechanisms, and the economic performance of cooperatives in the context of modern economic transformation. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed to gain an in-depth understanding of organizational practices within cooperatives. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis involving cooperative managers, members, and supervisors selected purposively. The findings indicate that cooperatives with clear organizational structures, professional management, transparent governance, and active member participation tend to demonstrate better economic performance and sustainability. Conversely, weak organizational arrangements and low member involvement are associated with stagnation in cooperative economic activities. These results highlight that organizational quality is a key determinant of cooperative success, not merely financial factors. The study implies that strengthening cooperative governance, improving human resource capacity, and enhancing member participation are essential strategies to increase the competitiveness of cooperatives in the digital economy era. This research contributes to the development of cooperative economic theory and provides practical recommendations for cooperative managers and policymakers.

The development of digital technology has encouraged the government to modernize public services, including in the field of land affairs. Traditionally, land registration has been associated with long, complex procedures that are often prone to abuse of authority. To address these challenges, the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency (ATR/BPN) has begun implementing a digital-based land registration system. However, its implementation raises an important question: is this digital system truly effective in improving the quality of services at the Land Office, or does it instead create new obstacles? This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of land registration digitalization, particularly in terms of accessibility, efficiency, transparency, and the challenges encountered during its implementation. The research employs an empirical juridical method with qualitative analysis. The juridical approach is used to examine the legal foundations of land registration digitalization, including Law No. 5 of 1960 on Basic Agrarian Principles, Government Regulation No. 24 of 1997 on Land Registration, and the Ministerial Regulation of ATR/BPN No. 1 of 2021 on Electronic Certificates. The empirical approach involves direct observation of service processes at the Land Office and interviews with employees and citizens utilizing digital services. The findings reveal that digitalization of land registration has generally improved the quality of services at the Land Office. Administrative processes have become faster, land data are stored more securely, and service transparency has increased, as the public can monitor the status of their registration online.

This study seeks to evaluate the extent to which profitability, leverage, independent commissioners, and political links influence tax avoidance in Indonesian mining companies for the 2021–2024 timeframe. The mining sector was chosen because it contributes significantly to national income but is typically associated with the practice of tax avoidance. The novelty of this study lies in the addition of the political connections variable, which has rarely been studied in the context of Indonesian mining. The research data were obtained from annual reports and financial statements of companies obtained through purposive sampling, resulting in 77 observations. Multiple linear regression analysis under a quantitative method was applied, and the evidence suggests that profitability contributes positively to tax avoidance, as higher profits are associated with a stronger tendency for companies to minimize tax payments. Conversely, political connections have a negative effect, indicating that political and military experience shapes loyalty to the interests of the state, thereby encouraging tax compliance. Meanwhile, leverage and independent commissioners do not exert any influence on tax avoidance. The outcomes of this research may serve as a reference for regulators, scholars, and investors to better comprehend the determinants of tax avoidance and to contribute to enhancing governance structures and refining tax policy.

Population density plays a critical role in shaping public health outcomes and environmental quality, particularly in rapidly urbanizing regions. This study aims to analyze the relationship between high population density and its impacts on sanitation conditions, air quality, access to clean water, and the incidence of various diseases in densely populated areas. The research adopts a qualitative descriptive approach by combining a comprehensive literature review with field observations conducted in several urban areas characterized by high population concentration. The findings reveal that increased population density is closely associated with environmental degradation, including inadequate sanitation systems, reduced air quality due to pollution, and limited availability of clean water. These environmental challenges contribute directly to a higher prevalence of health problems, such as respiratory infections, waterborne diseases, and other communicable illnesses. Overcrowded living conditions also intensify the spread of diseases, placing additional pressure on public health infrastructure. Furthermore, the study highlights that insufficient public facilities and poor environmental management exacerbate the negative effects of population density on both health and the environment. To address these challenges, effective strategies are required, including population growth control, improved urban planning, and enhanced investment in public health and environmental sanitation facilities. Strengthening community awareness and participation in maintaining environmental cleanliness is also essential. Overall, this study emphasizes the need for integrated policies that balance population management with sustainable environmental and public health development.  

In the investment world, stock returns are the leading indicator of a company’s performance and the basis for investor decision-making in the capital market. Fluctuations in stock returns reflect market expectations of the company’s prospects. The retail sector in Indonesia is facing significant pressure from post-pandemic shifts in consumer behavior and increased competition. This study aims to analyze the effect of financial distress, company size, liquidity, operating cash flow, and accounting profit on stock returns in retail sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2021 to 2023. This type of research is causally associated with a quantitative approach. The data used is secondary, in the form of financial statements from retail companies. The sampling technique used was purposive, yielding a total of 39 data points from 13 retail companies. Data testing was carried out using SPSS version 24. The results showed that partially, the variables of financial distress, company size, liquidity, and accounting profit had no significant effect on stock returns. Meanwhile, operating cash flow positively impacts stock returns. These findings indicate that fundamental indicators are not always the main determinants of stock returns. Therefore, investors are advised also to consider external factors such as market sentiment, macroeconomic conditions, and government policies that may have a greater influence on stock performance in the capital market.

This study aims to analyze inventory control of catfish seeds at ABC Company by comparing the conventional inventory method represented by the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) approach and the Just In Time (JIT) system in order to improve cost efficiency. This research employed a descriptive quantitative approach using a case study design. Data were collected through direct observation, semi-structured interviews with company management, and documentation of inventory and cost records for the 2024 operational period. The analysis method involved calculating optimal order quantities, ordering frequency, delivery frequency, and total inventory costs using EOQ and JIT formulas, followed by a comparative cost efficiency analysis. The results show that the conventional method resulted in a total inventory cost of Rp 75,050,000 per year with high ordering frequency. In contrast, the implementation of the JIT system reduced inventory costs to Rp 18,762,500 per year, achieving a cost efficiency of 72%. These findings indicate that the JIT system is more cost-efficient than the conventional method; however, its implementation requires careful consideration of supplier capacity, logistics readiness, and biological risks associated with live inventory. This study contributes empirical evidence on the applicability of JIT in the aquaculture sector, which has different characteristics from manufacturing industries.

The integration of cloud computing and data security systems is vital for the operational success and competitiveness of fintech startups. Cloud computing enables these startups to scale quickly, manage resources efficiently, and reduce infrastructure costs, making it an indispensable tool for businesses in the rapidly evolving fintech sector. However, with the benefits come significant challenges, particularly in data protection and cybersecurity. As fintech services handle sensitive financial data, ensuring robust security measures such as encryption, access controls, and continuous monitoring is crucial to maintaining user trust. Furthermore, regulatory compliance, both local and global, adds complexity to the data protection strategies of fintech companies. This research explores the key factors that drive cloud adoption in fintech, the security challenges associated with cloud environments, and the strategies implemented by startups to address these challenges. Interviews with IT managers from Indonesian fintech startups reveal that while cloud computing offers scalability and cost-effectiveness, issues like compliance with local regulations and the protection of sensitive data remain major concerns. The research suggests that fintech startups should invest in both cloud infrastructure and advanced cybersecurity measures to protect their operations and customer data. Additionally, creating a comprehensive roadmap for regulatory compliance and fostering partnerships with cybersecurity firms will help mitigate risks and ensure long-term success. The findings highlight the importance of integrating cloud computing with effective security strategies to navigate the complex regulatory and security landscape of the fintech industry.

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the income levels of pineapple farmers in Siabal-Abal V Village, Sipahutar Subdistrict, North Tapanuli Regency. The research focuses on several key variables, namely land size, production quantity, production tools, and farming experience, which are presumed to be associated with farmers’ income. A quantitative research approach was employed, using multiple linear regression analysis to examine the simultaneous and partial effects of each variable on the income of pineapple farmers. The population of this study comprised all pineapple farmers in Siabal-Abal V Village, with a sample of 65 respondents selected through a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected through interviews and structured questionnaires designed in accordance with the research objectives. The results of the data analysis indicate that, simultaneously, land size, production quantity, production tools, and farming experience have a significant effect on the income of pineapple farmers. However, the partial test results reveal that only land size has a positive and significant effect on farmers’ income. Meanwhile, production quantity, production tools, and farming experience do not show a statistically significant influence. These findings indicate that land size is the dominant factor in determining the income level of pineapple farmers in the study area. Therefore, improving access to agricultural land or optimizing the utilization of existing land is an important strategy for increasing the income of pineapple farmers in Siabal-Abal V Village.