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The Uninhabitable House Rehabilitation Program (RTLH) is a government policy aimed at improving the quality of housing for low-income communities while simultaneously supporting the acceleration of the eradication of extreme poverty. Although it has been implemented in various regions, the implementation of the RTLH program has shown varying achievements, thus requiring a comprehensive evaluation. This study aims to analyze the evaluation of the RTLH Program in Indonesia based on William N. Dunn's six policy evaluation indicators: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and accuracy. The research method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of scientific articles discussing the evaluation of the RTLH Program in various regions. The analysis was conducted by reviewing previous research findings based on the six policy evaluation indicators. The results of the study indicate that the RTLH Program is able to improve the quality of community housing and has received a positive response from beneficiaries. However, its implementation still faces obstacles such as budget limitations, equal distribution of beneficiaries, and data updates. Therefore, strengthening funding, data collection, and coordination between stakeholders is needed for more optimal and sustainable program implementation.

Women's leadership plays an important role in the success of organizations, including in the government sector at the sub-district level. Leaders not only act as directors but also as mentors who are able to understand the needs and character of their subordinates. The female head of TG Sub-district in Surabaya City demonstrates the application of reciprocal relationships between leaders and subordinates through a system of rewards and punishments according to performance achievements, actively monitors subordinate performance, identifies work standard errors, and takes corrective actions. The study aims to analyze the application of transactional leadership style by the female head of TG Sub-district in Surabaya City using Bernard M. Bass's (1990) theory. The type of research used is a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. Samples were determined using purposive sampling, and data sources included primary and secondary data. The research results indicate that the transactional leadership style of the female village head in TG Village is not yet fully optimal. The application of Contingent Reward can increase motivation and employee performance control, but its implementation in the community is still limited. Management by Exception (Active) carried out on employees has not been consistent, and its application in the community is also not sufficiently felt. Management by Exception (Passive) and Laissez-Faire are shown through corrective actions after problems arise and the freedom to take initiative and make decisions according to standards and policies. The implementation of transactional leadership by female village heads needs to be improved, especially in strengthening the mechanisms of reward and punishment as well as the consistency of supervision of employees and the community so that the leadership implementation runs more optimally.

Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) face the problem of stigmatization and negative image that has been rooted in public perception for several decades, where the social construction of TKI is dominated by narratives of exploitation, violence, and victimization reinforced by conventional mass media coverage. The phenomenon of TKI emerging as content creators on the TikTok platform opens new opportunities for migrant workers to represent themselves independently and build personal Branding that has the potential to reconstruct their image in public perception. This study aims to analyze the personal Branding strategies of TKI content creators on TikTok, measure the engagement patterns and reach of the content produced, and evaluate the transformation of public perception toward Indonesian migrant workers as an implication of these digital communication practices. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study design to explore the process of image reconstruction through personal Branding on the TikTok platform. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with five TKI content creators who have followers ranging from 750 thousand to 2.3 million, interviews with 50 active followers, and interviews with two digital communication experts. The research findings show that TKI content creators implement personal Branding strategies through content authenticity, narrative consistency, and positioning differentiation with engagement rates. Public perception changed significantly with a decrease in negative perception from 68 percent to 18 percent and an increase in positive perception from 10 percent to 55 percent within an exposure period of more than 12 months. Image reconstruction occurs through three mechanisms: humanization that displays the human side of TKI, normalization that elevates the profession as work worthy of respect, and inspiration that demonstrates their positive achievements. This study recommends that the government and related stakeholders support digital literacy for migrant workers to optimize social media platforms as a means of empowerment, as well as promote policies that protect and appreciate the contribution of TKI as an integral part of national economic development.

This study seeks to examine how halal certification policies are implemented as a strategy to expand market access for food-based MSMEs in Dumai City. Using a literature review within a qualitative descriptive framework, the research explores the regulatory foundation, the Free Halal Certification Program (SEHATI), and the respective roles of BPJPH, local government, and MUI. Findings indicate that halal certification functions not only as a form of religious assurance but also as an economic tool that increases consumer confidence, widens the halal product market, and strengthens the competitiveness of local MSMEs. The SEHATI initiative in Dumai has effectively boosted business participation and raised public understanding regarding the significance of halal labeling. It has also contributed to turnover growth of up to 45%, empowered women-led enterprises, and reinforced Dumai’s positioning as a leading halal culinary destination. Despite these achievements, challenges remain, including a limited number of halal facilitators, inadequate digital literacy among business operators, and insufficient coordination across involved institutions.

Digital transformation has fundamentally reshaped the landscape of public service delivery worldwide, with e-government emerging as a critical mechanism for enhancing government efficiency, transparency, and citizen engagement. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of e-government implementation in Indonesia, examining the trajectory of digital transformation in public services, the institutional frameworks supporting this transition, and the multifaceted impacts on service quality and governance outcomes. Through systematic literature review and critical policy analysis, this research explores the evolution of Indonesia's e-government initiatives from early adoption to current comprehensive digital service platforms, investigating both successes and persistent challenges. The findings reveal that Indonesia has made substantial progress in developing e-government infrastructure and applications across national and local government levels, with notable achievements including integrated digital identity systems, online business licensing platforms, and citizen complaint management systems. These initiatives have demonstrably improved service accessibility, reduced processing times, minimized corruption opportunities, and enhanced government responsiveness. However, implementation remains uneven across regions and government institutions, constrained by factors including digital infrastructure disparities, limited digital literacy among citizens and officials, organizational resistance to change, inadequate interoperability between systems, and cybersecurity vulnerabilities. The research identifies critical success factors for effective e-government implementation including strong leadership commitment, adequate resource allocation, comprehensive capacity building programs, citizen-centric design principles, robust legal frameworks, and collaborative partnerships between government, private sector, and civil society.

Digital transformation in the public sector has become a strategic agenda to improve the efficiency, transparency, and quality of government services, including in regional revenue management. This study aims to analyze the implementation of digital transformation in the Regional Revenue Agency (Bapenda: Badan Pendapatan Daerah) of East Java Province, especially in the Gresik Technical Implementation Unit (UPT: Unit Pelaksana Teknis), as well as its impact on administrative efficiency, transparency, and increasing Regional Original Revenue (PAD: Pendapatan Asli Daerah). This study uses a non-empirical qualitative approach with a literature study method, which involves the analysis of secondary data from scientific journals, policy documents, government performance reports, and community digitalization indicators such as the Indonesian Digital Society Index (IMDI: Indeks Masyarakat Digital Indonesia). The results show that digital transformation through e-payment systems and web-based administration has significantly accelerated the service process, improved taxpayer compliance, and reduced revenue leakage. The receipt of PAD through digital channels increased by 60% in one year, while service efficiency increased by reducing administrative process time from three days to one day. The implementation of this digital transformation is also influenced by the readiness of infrastructure, apparatus competence, and community digital literacy, as described in the theoretical framework of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Dynamic Capabilities, and TOE Framework. Despite positive achievements, challenges such as digital skills gaps, resistance to change, and system security issues are still obstacles in optimizing digital transformation. This research makes a theoretical contribution to the development  of e-governance literature  and digital public policy practices at the local level. These findings also provide concrete recommendations for other regions to replicate good practices of digital transformation that have succeeded in improving regional financial performance. Thus, digital transformation is not only a technological instrument, but also a governance strategy that requires synergy between technology, organizations, and society

This study aims to examine the impact of the Jigsaw cooperative learning strategy on student learning outcomes at the secondary school level. Using a literature review method, the research synthesizes theoretical perspectives on cooperative learning, detailed applications of the Jigsaw model, and empirical findings from previous studies that focus on its effects across cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. The findings indicate that the Jigsaw strategy significantly improves students’ cognitive achievements and fosters affective development such as motivation, empathy, and positive attitudes toward learning. In addition, this strategy enhances students’ social interaction skills and promotes collaborative behavior, contributing to a more inclusive and engaging classroom environment. The collaborative nature of the Jigsaw model allows students to take responsibility for their own learning while also supporting their peers, which contributes to deeper understanding and retention of the material. These outcomes suggest that the Jigsaw method is an effective instructional approach for enhancing student engagement and academic performance. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of providing professional development opportunities for teachers to effectively implement the Jigsaw strategy. Furthermore, schools are encouraged to foster a classroom climate that supports teamwork and active student participation. Overall, this review highlights the Jigsaw model as a promising pedagogical tool for improving student outcomes and fostering 21st-century skills in secondary education settings.

This study investigates the impact of Habitat for Humanity Indonesia's Decent Housing Program on improving the quality of life of poor residents in Marga Mulya Village. The research aims to evaluate the role of community empowerment through the program in increasing access to decent housing, as well as to assess its broader impacts on education, health, and the economic conditions of the beneficiaries. Using a qualitative research method with a case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with program participants and key stakeholders. The findings show that the Decent Housing Program has significantly improved access to adequate and safe housing for the poor. In the field of education, improved housing conditions have created a more conducive environment for children to study, leading to greater learning motivation and better academic achievements. In terms of health, better sanitation facilities and healthier living environments have reduced the risk of infectious diseases and contributed to the residents' overall physical and mental well-being. Economically, access to stable and decent housing has reduced household expenditures on home repairs, allowing families to allocate more resources toward productive economic activities. However, the study also identified several challenges that need to be addressed to further enhance program effectiveness. These challenges include the location of housing projects that are difficult to access, which affects residents' mobility and access to public services, and issues related to the quality of construction that require continuous monitoring and improvement. Overall, the study highlights the positive contribution of the Decent Housing Program while providing recommendations for its future development.

Cooperation between Indonesia and Japan in the automotive industry, particularly through the development of the Toyota Kijang, is an example of strategic collaboration that has successfully supported economic and technological growth. This research aims to analyze the dynamics of this bilateral cooperation, focusing on achievements and challenges in technology transfer, strengthening local industries, and the resulting socio-economic impacts. The research method uses a qualitative literature study that refers to theories of global political economy, mercantilism, international cooperation, and international business. The results show that Toyota Kijang has successfully become a symbol of innovation and economic integration between the two countries. However, dependence on Japanese technology, barriers to technology transfer, and unequal distribution of benefits are the main challenges. To overcome this, it is recommended that technology transfer policies be strengthened, collaboration between the education and industry sectors be made, international cooperation partners be diversified, and investment in green technology research increase. These steps are expected to improve the competitiveness of Indonesia's automotive industry and encourage more sustainable cooperation in the future.

Higher education plays an important role in creating quality human resources in the future. As university students, our main task is not only to achieve academic achievements, but also to form strong, competent characters and be ready to face global challenges. Building a generation that is intelligent, characterized and competent as well as a process of self-maturation is an important step to prepare individuals who excel in science with integrity, leadership and good social skills. The intelligent generation has knowledge and skills according to the times, while the generation with character is able to integrate moral values, ethics and empathy in everyday life. In the context of higher education, this process is not only related to the formal curriculum, but also non-academic experiences that play a role in the personal growth of each student. The process of self-maturation in higher education trains students to be more independent, critical, and have a broad outlook on life and be responsive to various social problems. The formation of balanced character and competence will prepare students to contribute optimally in various aspects of life, including in the world of work, society and as responsible citizens. Therefore, it is important for every student to understand the essence of this process and commit to continuing to develop, both academically and personally, so that they can become a generation that is not only intellectually intelligent, but also has noble values ​​that can benefit the nation. and the world. Thus, higher education should not only focus on achieving academic degrees alone, but also on efforts to develop students who are mature in thinking, acting and character, so that they are able to face an increasingly complex and challenging world.

The research aims to analyze the form of contract delay in the Civil Code and outline the implications of contract delay due to force conditions in the Covid-19 pandemic. To answer this problem, normative legal research methods or library research are used. This normative type of research uses qualitative analysis, namely by explaining existing data with words or statements sourced from prime legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Data obtained from the literature will be analyzed deductively. Analysis is a method of analyzing general legal knowledge data obtained from laws and literature and then implemented on the problems raised, so that answers to specific problems are obtained. The results of the research show that the form of contract delay is regulated in articles 1244-1245 of the Civil Code which determines that force majeure can eliminate the element of default in the agreement, as long as the force force actually occurs and prevents one of the parties from carrying out its obligations, the type of contract delay is a contract in banking institution agreements, contracts in certain collateral imposition agreements, and contracts in business agreements. The implications of contract delays due to force majeure conditions in the Covid-19 pandemic where actions occur by not carrying out or delaying carrying out the achievements stated in the contract resulting in default and ultimately civil legal disputes between the parties involved in the contract. Dispute resolution through court or litigation refers to procedural law regarding the requirements under which a dispute or legal action can be submitted and the efforts that can be taken by the parties. as for preferences for conflict resolution (ADR) or non-litigation or preferences for conflict resolution using mediation, arbitration and negotiation methods

Property business is the activity of buying and selling a plot of land or house involving 2 (two) parties between the seller (business actor) and the buyer (consumer), in its implementation gives birth to legal relationships carried out through agreements. Quality in running a property business, business actors selling their plot of land to consumers are inseparable from the fact that the business actor gets the land previously from the landowner to then sell it to consumers. The method used in this study is Normative Juridical. The legal protection of agreements made by business actors and consumers in the property business is guided by articles 1320 and 1338 of the Civil Code. Breach of promise not to carry out the agreed is a form of default committed by one of the parties to the agreement as regulated by article 1234 of the Civil Code which can be resolved with a "win and win solution" through negotiations so that business actors and consumers are protected. Consumer protection in property business agreements starts from the beginning of the purchase, making the agreement, payment to the sale and purchase deed agreement. Consumers who have signed the agreement means that they have agreed to all the terms and conditions that have been set. All of these agreements, both oral, written, and deed are not authentic. Authentic deeds that are carried out legally, as long as consumers have fulfilled their achievements by making payments in full, not negligently, in accordance with their rights and obligations in Law no. 8 of 1999, consumers are obliged to get legal protection.

The purpose of this writing is to discuss the issue of Legal Regulation and achievements and obstacles in the implementation of the Village Infrastructure Program (PSPK) as a form of public service implementation in Bengkong District. This is due to the overlap of regulations in the implementation of the Village Infrastructure Program activities, so it is necessary to know how the implementation of Batam City Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2021 concerning Community Empowerment-Based Development in Urban Villages and Batam Mayor Regulation Number 46 of 2022 concerning Guidelines for the Implementation of Facilities and Infrastructure Development Activities and Community Empowerment. To answer this problem, the author uses a methodology through a normative-empirical law research approach (applied law research), with data collection methods through observation and questionnaires Using a normative-empirical legal case study in the form of a legal behavior product, the subject of the study is the implementation or implementation of positive legal provisions, the results of this study show that the implementation of the Village Infrastructure Program (PSPK) in Bengkong District has not been implemented optimally, as well as many factors that hinder the implementation process, such as the lack of coordination between vertical agencies, resulting in overlapping regulations in its implementation. The implications are a). So that the Bengkong District Government re-socializes the Village Infrastructure Program (PSPK) to the community b). In order for the sub-district government to further improve coordination with vertical agencies regarding the implementation of Village Infrastructure Program (PSPK) activities. c). For the Bengkong District Government to make a proposal for an agreement with vertical agencies in proposing development through one sub-district door so that there is no overlap of rugals and budget waste.

There are various government agencies around us; perhaps this raises the question of why some agencies seem more efficient and effective than others. One of the main factors that influences the performance of an agency is the implementation of a meritocracy system, where civil society is promoted and given responsibility based on their abilities and achievements, not connections or seniority alone. In this article, we will discuss in depth the importance of implementing a meritocracy system in government agencies to increase work accountability, supervision, and bureaucratic reform. We will also provide examples of agencies that have successfully implemented a meritocracy system.

This study examines the position of notes used in transactions at Shoes and Care along with the forms of breach of contract that often occur in Shoes and Care based on a review of the law of the agreement. The research also analyzes appropriate dispute resolution alternatives to be applied with a review of Law Number 30 of 1999 concerning Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution. This type of research is a field study to obtain primary data along with a literature study to obtain secondary data analyzed with interactive analysis techniques. The result of this research is the position of the memorandum in the agreement made by the consumer with Shoes and Care as a draft agreement containing several clauses agreed between the consumer and Shoes and Care orally. Often the engagement/achievements in the agreement are not fulfilled which is referred to as a state of breach of contract. The forms of breach of contract that occur can be in the form of achievements that are not carried out, achievements are not carried out in accordance with the agreed time, and achievements are not carried out properly. Breach of contract that occur can then be resolved through negotiation as an alternative to effective and efficient dispute resolution.

This research is based on the large number of public reports that have been submitted to the Greater Jakarta Ombudsman regarding allegations of maladministration that have occurred in the education sector, especially complaints about New Student Admissions. This problem requires a resolution by the Greater Jakarta Ombudsman to handle public complaints and prevent recurring maladministration in the education sector, especially regarding complaints about Acceptance of New Students in Depok City. This study aims to analyze and describe the performance of the Greater Jakarta Ombudsman in handling complaints about Acceptance of New Students in Depok City. This is based on the problems that occurred in the implementation of the Acceptance of New Students which were still colored by allegations of maladministration, which made public services in the field of education inefficient, lack of supervision in the implementation of the acceptance of new students. The results of the study concluded that in the Productivity indicator there are still a number of things that need to be improved such as policies that have been made that are not in accordance with the needs of society in the digitalization era. Service Quality Indicators still need a number of things to pay attention to such as budget constraints, human resources and very limited work space. Responsiveness Indicators There are still a number of things that affect performance achievements. The Responsibility Indicator is still lacking in realization to achieve the target every year. As well as the Accountability indicator, there is still no specific accountability report in the form of the Jakarta Raya Ombudsman annual report on various media platforms.

This research aims to determine the legal responsibilities of coal companies in fulfilling their achievements due to the export ban. This legal writing is included in the type of normative legal research using a legislative approach including primary legal materials and secondary legal materials collected through document study and analyzed using deductive legal material analysis using the syllogism method. This research examines the implementation of the Decree of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Number 139.K/HK.02/MEM.B/2021 regarding the fulfillment and prioritization of domestic coal needs. The failure to fulfill the Domestic Market Obligation then gave rise to an export ban by the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources through the issuance of Circular Letter from the Directorate General of Minerals and Coal, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Number B-605/MB.05/DJB.B/2021. The export ban then causes coal entrepreneurs to be unable to fulfill agreements with foreign companies. Non-fulfillment of achievements due to changes in Government policy in the form of an export ban is analyzed and categorized as force majeure so that non-performance, compensation or cancellation of the agreement cannot be sued. The legal responsibility that can be carried out by coal entrepreneurs in the event of an export ban is to submit a force majeure situation and prove that their party has been in good faith from the beginning until the agreement is in progress.