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Pembelajaran SKI tidak hanya diarahkan pada penguasaan aspek kognitif berupa pengetahuan sejarah, tetapi juga memiliki tujuan untuk membentuk karakter peserta didik melalui nilai-nilai keteladanan. Melalui pembelajaran ini, siswa diharapkan mampu memahami, menghayati, serta meneladani perjalanan hidup Nabi Muhammad SAW, para sahabat, dan tokoh-tokoh Islam lainnya sebagai pedoman dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Pada tingkat SD/MI, materi SKI pada dasarnya telah disesuaikan dengan tingkat perkembangan peserta didik. Namun demikian, dalam pelaksanaannya masih ditemukan beberapa kendala yang cukup berpengaruh terhadap proses pembelajaran. Di MI Ar-Rahmah Karawang, pembelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam (SKI), permasalahan yang ditemukan meliputi dominasi metode ceramah, terbatasnya variasi media pembelajaran, serta rendahnya partisipasi siswa dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas. Kondisi tersebut berpengaruh terhadap pemahaman siswa pada materi SKI yang cenderung bersifat historis dan abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) yang memengaruhi pembelajaran SKI serta merumuskan strategi yang tepat untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara dengan guru SKI, serta dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kekuatan pembelajaran terletak pada pemanfaatan media video yang membantu siswa memahami materi secara lebih konkret. Kelemahan utama terdapat pada dominasi metode ceramah yang menyebabkan pembelajaran kurang interaktif. Sementara itu, peluang muncul dari tingginya rasa ingin tahu siswa serta perkembangan teknologi pembelajaran, sedangkan ancaman berkaitan dengan kurangnya pengulangan materi yang menyebabkan siswa mudah lupa terhadap materi yang telah dipelajari. Secara keseluruhan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran SKI di MI Ar-Rahmah masih memerlukan peningkatan pada aspek metode dan strategi pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu, penerapan strategi PAIKEMI direkomendasikan sebagai alternatif untuk menciptakan pembelajaran yang lebih aktif, inovatif, dan bermakna.

Di era Industri 5.0, adaptabilitas tenaga kerja menjadi urgensi utama karena terjadinya pergeseran paradigma dari fokus pada otomatisasi dan efisiensi menuju kolaborasi harmonis antara manusia dan teknologi yang berpusat pada manusia (human-centric), berkelanjutan, dan resilien. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) terhadap 40 artikel jurnal nasional dan internasional yang diterbitkan tahun 2020–2025 dari basis data Google Scholar, Scopus, dan Garuda. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi strategi upskilling dan reskilling yang efektif sebagai mekanisme adaptabilitas tenaga kerja terhadap disrupsi AI dan otomatisasi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) kesenjangan keterampilan global merupakan ancaman nyata dengan 50% karyawan membutuhkan reskilling pada 2025; (2) strategi upskilling dan reskilling yang efektif mencakup pembelajaran berbasis proyek, microlearning, platform digital adaptif, dan kemitraan industri; (3) dukungan organisasi, kepemimpinan transformasional, dan budaya belajar berkelanjutan merupakan faktor penentu keberhasilan; serta (4) hambatan utama implementasi meliputi keterbatasan anggaran, resistensi perubahan, dan kesenjangan infrastruktur digital. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa investasi pada pengembangan modal manusia melalui program upskilling dan reskilling merupakan imperatif strategis untuk menjaga ketahanan organisasi dan daya saing tenaga kerja di era transformasi digital.

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) remains a major public health concern worldwide due to its significant contribution to neonatal morbidity and mortality, as well as its long-term adverse health consequences. Pregnancy intention has been identified as a potential determinant of adverse birth outcomes; however, evidence regarding its association with LBW remains inconsistent. This study aimed to examine the association between pregnancy intention and low birth weight in Indonesia using data from the 2012 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS). A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the 2012 IDHS. The study included 8,922 married women aged 15–49 years who had a singleton live birth within five years preceding the survey. Pregnancy intention was categorized as intended, mistimed, and unwanted. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between pregnancy intention and LBW after controlling for potential confounding variables. The prevalence of LBW was 6.2%. After adjustment for maternal age and antenatal care (ANC) visits, no significant association was found between mistimed pregnancy and LBW (AOR = 1.055; 95% CI: 0.765–1.454). An interaction effect was identified between unwanted pregnancy and pregnancy complications. Women with unwanted pregnancies accompanied by pregnancy complications had a higher risk of delivering LBW infants compared with women whose pregnancies were intended and without complications. Nevertheless, pregnancy intention was not significantly associated with LBW overall after adjustment for confounding factors. Maternal age outside the optimal reproductive age range (<20 years or >35 years) and inadequate ANC utilization were significantly associated with an increased risk of LBW. Pregnancy intention was not independently associated with low birth weight among Indonesian women after controlling for maternal and healthcare-related factors. Maternal age and antenatal care utilization were more consistent determinants of LBW. Strengthening maternal health services, particularly adequate antenatal care and early detection of pregnancy complications, may contribute to reducing the burden of low birth weight in Indonesia.

This article examines the relationship between Islam and the local traditions of the Minangkabau community in West Sumatra, Indonesia. The focus covers three main issues: the historical process of Islamization, the philosophy of Adat Basandi Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah (ABS-SBK), and the coexistence of the matrilineal kinship system with Islamic inheritance law. Using a qualitative approach through systematic literature review of peer-reviewed journals published between 2020 and 2025, the study synthesizes findings from multiple academic sources. The results reveal that Islam entered Minangkabau gradually through trade and the surau educational institution, rather than through forced conversion. The resulting ABS-SBK philosophy meaning customary law is grounded in Islamic law, which is grounded in the Quran serves as a comprehensive life guide integrating religious norms with adat practices. The matrilineal inheritance system (pusaka tinggi) coexists with Islamic inheritance law (faraid) through a functional distinction: communal ancestral property follows adat, while individually acquired property follows Islamic law. Contemporary challenges such as globalization, urbanization, and weakened institutional roles of adat leaders threaten the vitality of ABS-SBK, though cultural revitalization efforts show promising resilience. This study concludes that Minangkabau represents a unique model of Islam-culture integration in the Indonesian archipelago.

Kecurangan (fraud) di sektor perbankan daerah merupakan ancaman serius yang dapat merugikan keuangan negara dan menurunkan kepercayaan publik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kasus korupsi pengadaan iklan pada Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jawa Barat dan Banten (Bank BJB) menggunakan pendekatan Fraud Triangle Theory yang mencakup tiga elemen utama: tekanan (pressure), kesempatan (opportunity), dan rasionalisasi (rationalization). Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi kasus, didukung oleh studi literatur dari berbagai sumber ilmiah yang relevan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kasus Bank BJB mencerminkan interaksi ketiga elemen Fraud Triangle secara simultan. Tekanan bersumber dari kebutuhan dana non-budgeter yang besar dalam pengelolaan anggaran promosi senilai Rp409 miliar. Kesempatan muncul akibat lemahnya sistem pengendalian internal, tidak adanya verifikasi dokumen yang memadai, serta penyimpangan dalam proses pengadaan. Rasionalisasi terbentuk melalui persepsi pelaku bahwa praktik tersebut merupakan hal yang lazim dalam lingkungan birokrasi dan korporasi. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan pemahaman teoritis dan praktis terkait pencegahan fraud di lembaga keuangan daerah Indonesia, khususnya melalui penguatan tata kelola perusahaan dan sistem pengawasan internal.

This study examines the relationship between Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) and legal autonomy within the Indian legal and constitutional framework. It explores how ancient Indian governance recognized legal pluralism through customary laws, village autonomy, tribal jurisdictions, and decentralized judicial systems. The study further analyzes the ecological and philosophical foundations of Indigenous Knowledge Systems, emphasizing the indigenous worldview that promotes harmony between humans and nature through principles of sustainability and environmental stewardship. Additionally, the research evaluates the legal challenges faced by indigenous communities under modern intellectual property regimes, particularly concerning communal ownership, oral traditions, and biopiracy. Constitutional protections such as the Fifth Schedule, Sixth Schedule, and the Forest Rights Act (2006), alongside landmark judicial decisions, demonstrate India’s efforts to safeguard indigenous rights and traditional knowledge. The study also highlights international legal mechanisms, including the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the Nagoya Protocol, and WIPO initiatives, while emphasizing the need for stronger legal frameworks and international cooperation to ensure indigenous sovereignty and long-term protection of Indigenous

This paper offers a comparative analysis of character education through the lens of Islamic and secular humanistic paradigms. Recognizing the increasing cultural and religious diversity in contemporary educational settings, the study emphasizes the importance of an integrative approach that respects both spiritual and rational ethical frameworks. Islamic character education centers on virtues derived from divine guidance, fostering a moral compass anchored in faith, while secular humanistic education promotes critical thinking, autonomy, and universal ethical principles grounded in reason and empathy. By synthesizing these approaches, educators can cultivate learners’ moral resilience, empathy, and ethical commitment within pluralistic societies. The paper further highlights the benefits of intercultural dialogue, pedagogical innovation, and cultural competence for teachers, parents, and communities in supporting holistic moral development. Ultimately, the integration of these models enriches character education, preparing students to become ethically responsible and socially engaged citizens in globalized contexts

Wilayah perbatasan Ambalat merupakan kawasan strategis NKRI yang rawan terhadap pelanggaran kedaulatan dan ancaman keamanan. Satuan Tugas (Satgas) Ambalat Korps Marinir menghadapi tantangan geografis dan keterbatasan teknologi pengawasan konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis potensi pemanfaatan teknologi Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pengamanan perbatasan oleh Satgas Ambalat. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, wawancara mendalam dengan 4 narasumber (Komandan Skuadron Udara 700, pilot UAV, Dansatgas Ambalat, dan personel komunikasi Satgas Ambalat), serta dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles & Huberman. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) UAV belum dimanfaatkan secara langsung oleh Satgas Ambalat, pengamanan masih mengandalkan patroli konvensional dan drone non-militer; (2) tantangan utama meliputi keterbatasan personel terlatih, belum adanya program pelatihan formal, keterbatasan sarana prasarana (Ground Control Station, sistem komunikasi), serta kekosongan regulasi operasional; (3) UAV tipe ScanEagle dan Camcopter S-100 dinilai paling sesuai untuk kebutuhan Satgas Ambalat karena daya tahan terbang lama dan sensor canggih. Pemanfaatan UAV dapat memperluas jangkauan pengawasan, menyediakan data real-time, mengurangi risiko personel, serta meningkatkan efisiensi operasional. Diperlukan pendekatan terintegrasi berupa penyusunan regulasi, pengadaan sarana dan pelatihan personel bertingkat dan berlanjut. Teknologi UAV memiliki potensi strategis untuk memperkuat sistem pengamanan perbatasan Ambalat. Rekomendasi meliputi dukungan kebijakan pemerintah, pengembangan doktrin TNI AL, pembentukan unit UAV Korps Marinir, serta pelatihan personel secara berkelanjutan.

The Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lane II (ALKI II) constitutes a strategic route stretching from the Sulawesi Sea to the Indian Ocean with trade values reaching USD 1.5 million daily and traversed by more than 36,773 vessels annually. The complexity of maritime security threats in this region has increasingly intensified following the relocation of the capital city to East Kalimantan, thereby demanding an effective decision support system to assist Indonesian Warship Commanders in making operational decisions that are rapid, accurate, and in accordance with applicable legal provisions. This research employs a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with four maritime expert sources, with data analysis using NVivo 12 software. Analysis results identified maritime operational complexity and the urgent need for a comprehensive decision support system. These findings subsequently served as guidance in designing a Decision Support System (DSS) with a tab-based interface that integrates international legal frameworks such as UNCLOS 1982, Law No. 3/2025 on TNI, and related national regulations to generate structured action recommendations along with their legal foundations. Research findings demonstrate that the developed DSS successfully integrates operational, legal, and situational aspects to support decision-making that is rapid, accurate, and legally compliant. This system has proven to enhance the effectiveness of Indonesian Warship Commanders in addressing the complexity of maritime security (KAMLA) challenges in ALKI II through the provision of legally-based action recommendations from national and international frameworks accessible in realtime during operational situations.  

LAMPUKITA merupakan salah satu UMKM VCO di Kabupaten Fakfak. Hasil dari pembuatan VCO usaha tersebut,  menghasilkan blondo yang selanjutnya diolah menjadi minyak goreng.  Berdasarkan aspek pemasaran,VCO LAMPUKITA memiliki prospek yang baik. Namun, ketersediaan bahan baku kelapa yang memenuhi syarat pembuatan produk utama, jumlahnya terkadang tidak tersedia.  Penelitian sebelumnya fokus pada teknik ekstraksi VCO, masih sedikit membahas strategi bisnis spesifik untuk minyak goreng hasil blondo ditingkat UMKM dengan kendala bahan baku.  Tanpa strategi pengembangan yang tepat, LAMPUKITA akan sulit bertahan secara finansial meskipun produknya memiliki nilai gizi lebih unggul. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang dan ancaman,  menentukan faktor internal, eksternal strategi terbaik dan model pengembangan bisnis baru yang dapat diterapkan LAMPUKITA. Penentuan lokasi secara purposive. Jenis data yaitu data primer dan data sekunder.  Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi.  Analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif (analisis SWOT dan BMC) dan kuantitatif (metode IFAS, EFAS dan QSPM).  Hasil analisis SWOT menunjukkan bahwa kekuatan utama usaha LAMPUKITA terletak pada keunggulan produk alami, pemanfaatan blondo VCO, serta cita rasa khas kelapa Fakfak. Kelemahan utamanya adalah keterbatasan ketersediaan kelapa yang memenuhi standar VCO, kapasitas produksi masih kecil, dan keterbatasan modal. Analisis IFAS dan EFAS menunjukkan LAMPUKITA berada pada kondisi cukup mendukung untuk dikembangkan secara internal dan eksternal. Keberlanjutan usaha ditentukan oleh manajemen rantai pasok  kelapa. Strategi paling tepat dikembangkan adalah strategi kemitraan dengan petani kelapa berbasis standar VCO.  LAMPUKITA dapat menerapkan berbagai model bisnis baru untuk menanggulangi keterbatasan bahan baku.

Indonesia, as a sovereign state, has the absolute right to regulate the deportation of foreigners within its territory. However, in modern law, state sovereignty is no longer absolute but relative, where its implementation must refer to universal international human rights norms. This study aims to analyze the reciprocal relationship between state sovereignty and human rights enforcement in the context of the deportation of foreigners in Indonesia. The research method used is normative juridical with a legislative and conceptual approach. The results of the study indicate that state sovereignty and human rights in deportation function to limit and test each other. Sovereignty provides exclusive rights for national security through the implementation of selective policy, while international human rights law exists as a barrier so that such coercive actions do not exceed humanitarian values. In conclusion, deportation actions in Indonesia must refer to human rights norms during the deportation process. Then the state also has the absolute right to enforce immigration law in the form of deportation so as to prevent a country from becoming a refuge for criminals or international fugitives who flee to and reside in Indonesia, or carry out their criminal activities within the country.   

Gravity measurements in the Dieng geothermal area at regional and wide scales are still limited. GGMplus data provides large-scale gravity information that can be used for subsurface mapping more efficiently and at lower cost while maintaining optimal results. The GGMplus gravity acceleration data is processed into complete Bouguer anomalies, then separated using upward continuation to obtain regional and local anomalies. Both anomalies are further analyzed using the first horizontal derivative (FHD) and second horizontal derivative (SHD). The results are then used for 3D modeling using Grablox and Bloxer software. The Bouguer anomaly distribution ranges from approximately ‒70 to ‒230 mGal, with high anomalies located in the northeast of the study area, corresponding to geothermal manifestations in Dieng. FHD analysis indicates a regional anomaly source located 6.8 km northeast, interpreted as a magmatic zone. Local anomalies reveal an intrusion body about 2 km in size at a distance of 4 km in Mount Prau, interpreted as a heat source. The 3D model shows high-density values of 2.87 g/cm³ for regional anomalies and 2.8–2.9 g/cm³ for local anomalies, associated with ancient volcanic rocks and diorite intrusions acting as a heat source in the Sikidang–Merdada geothermal system.

Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan global dan nasional, dengan AKI di Indonesia mencapai 183 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup pada tahun 2023, walaupun terjadi kecendrungan penurunan angka kematian ibu masih di perlukan upaya dalam percepatan penurunan AKI untuk mencapai target SDGS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengtahui hubungan kepatuhan melakukan Antenatal Care terhadap tingkat kecemasan ibu hamil primigravida trimester III di wilayah kerja Puskesmas pringgarata. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang di lakukan di Puskesmas Pringgarata pada november-Januari 2026, dengan populasi semua ibu hamil primigravida trimester III yang berjumlah 40 ibu hamil yang di pilih menggunakan tehnik total sampling. Pengambilan data di lakukan secara langsung menggunakan kuesioner PRAQ-R2 untuk mengukur tingkat kecemasan dan pengambilan secara langsung di buku KIA hasil pemeriksaan kemudian di analisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Analisis Bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan hubungan yang signifikan antara kepatuhan melakukan Antenatal Care dengan tingkat kecemasan ibu hamil di wilayah Kerja Puskesmas pringgarata (p value =0,001).

Christian religious education teachers act as agents of social, spiritual, and cultural transformation by integrating Christian values ​​into the lives of communities that are still strongly bound to ancestral customs and beliefs. The transformation of customs through contextual evangelism is both a challenge and an opportunity for Christian religious education (PAK) teachers in carrying out their roles as educators and servants of God in a pluralistic society. This study aims to analyze the strategic steps of PAK teachers in integrating Gospel values ​​with local culture without eliminating the identity of the Christian faith or damaging the noble values ​​of customs. The research method used is a qualitative approach and literature study. The results of the study indicate that PAK teachers need to have three main strategic steps, namely contextual understanding by studying in depth the values, symbols, and practices of local customs, a transformational approach, namely presenting Gospel values ​​through education that respects culture but leads to renewal of life and pedagogical implementation through creative and reflective learning methods that foster students' awareness of faith and social responsibility. With this strategy, Christian Religious Education teachers can become agents of transformation, bridging the gap between Christian faith and local culture, ensuring that evangelism is not confrontational but contextual, dialogical, and builds lives rooted in the love of Christ.

This study aims to analyze the effect of the implementation of the Flipped Classroom model with a Deep Learning approach on the critical thinking and collaboration skills of Phase F XI students on the digestive system material. The study used a mixed methods with an embedded experimental design type. The research sample consisted of one experimental class that received Flipped Classroom learning with a Deep Learning approach and one control class that received Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning. Data on critical thinking skills were collected through essay tests, while collaboration skills were obtained through observation sheets. Quantitative data analysis used One-Way MANCOVA and qualitative analysis was carried out through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions assisted by NVivo. The results showed a simultaneous significant effect between the learning model on students' critical thinking and collaboration skills after controlling for initial abilities with a significance value of 0.002 (p<0.05). The average posttest critical thinking of the experimental group was 71.69 higher than the control group at 62.53. Meanwhile, the collaboration skills of both groups showed a relatively balanced increase. The ANCOVA results showed that the Flipped Classroom model with a Deep Learning approach significantly impacted critical thinking skills, but did not show a significant difference in collaboration skills. The research findings indicate that the integration of Flipped Classroom and Deep Learning is effective in improving students' critical thinking skills and supporting 21st-century learning.

The Tandak Timang tradition in Batu Badinding Village, Central Katingan District, plays an important role in fostering the faith of children aged 1-5 years, which is carried out by parents. From an early age, children are introduced to faith values through Tandak Timang verses that contain advice, prayers, and praise to God. This study aims to (1) describe the role of parents in fostering the faith of children aged 1-5 years through the Tandak Timang tradition in Batu Badinding Village, Central Katingan District; and (2) describe the values implemented by parents for children aged 1-5 years in Batu Badinding Village, Central Katingan District. The research used a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation.The results show that Tandak Timang plays a significant role in shaping children's spiritual foundation. Parents' roles are manifested through daily practices, such as singing, storytelling, and rocking children while chanting verses in the Dayak Ngaju language. This practice not only builds strong emotional bonds but also serves as an effective medium for instilling noble values. These values include cultural values, moral and ethical values, ancestral values, and spiritual values that teach children about the importance of prayer and hope in God.The conclusion of this study is that parents act not only as cultural inheritors but also as educators, role models, and facilitators. They utilize intimate moments when putting children to sleep—through singing, storytelling, and rocking—to instill faith values. The strong physical and emotional interaction builds a solid bond, making it easier for children to accept and internalize a deep understanding of the teachings conveyed. The Tandak Timang tradition is rich in noble values that serve as the foundation for faith formation. These values include cultural values, moral and ethical values, ancestral values, and spiritual values. The suggestions put forward are that parents should further understand the meaning of Tandak Timang for fostering children's faith from an early age, and pass on and preserve the character of children through this Central Kalimantan Dayak culture. For subsequent researchers conducting similar studies, it is recommended to develop the research objectives and focus more specifically on the research topics.

This study aims to analyze the reconceptualization of national security in the digital era through the case of the 2021 Facebook data breach involving 533 million users across 106 countries. As digital technologies become increasingly integrated into governance, economic activities, and social interactions, cyber threats have emerged as a significant challenge to contemporary security frameworks. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach using library research methods, drawing upon academic literature, official reports, and relevant policy documents. The findings indicate that national security has evolved from a traditional military-centered concept toward a broader and multidimensional framework that includes cyber threats as a form of non-traditional security challenge. The Facebook data breach demonstrates how cyber threats transcend geographical boundaries, involve complex attribution problems, and generate multidimensional impacts on individuals, societies, economies, and states. Through the lens of Securitization Theory developed by Buzan, Wæver, and de Wilde (1998), the incident illustrates how data security has become securitized as a matter of national and international concern. Furthermore, the Human Security framework proposed by UNDP (1994) highlights the vulnerability of individuals whose personal information becomes exposed in the digital environment. This study concludes that cybersecurity should be recognized as a fundamental pillar of national security in the digital age, requiring comprehensive strategies that integrate technological resilience, data protection regulations, human resource development, and international cooperation.

The phenomenon of globalization is rapidly expanding and influencing nearly every aspect of life. Foreign cultures are entering Indonesia through various digital platforms. If left unchecked, these external cultural influences could erode the nation’s identity and history. This study examines how cultural heritage and national history are increasingly being eroded by globalization, with a primary focus on the role of the digital age as a catalyst for this acceleration. The researcher employed a literature review method using a qualitative-descriptive approach. The results of the analysis are clear: the erosion of Indonesia’s cultural identity has been categorized as a non-traditional threat. This is multidimensional, transcends national borders, involves global digital corporations, and is now recognized as a threat to national security. Social media and digital platform algorithms accelerate this process, particularly among Gen Z. Ali Khamenei’s thoughts on cultural warfare are highly relevant for understanding the current situation. The impacts span numerous aspects from social stability, ideology, and the economy to politics and defense. The researchers recommend that the government strengthen cross-sectoral coordination, expand the BPIP and DPPI programs into the digital realm, revitalize cultural and history curricula, and promote local culture through more innovative methods on digital platforms.

This study aimed to examine the effect of location and promotion on consumer purchase decisions at the Kekang Motorcycle Showroom in Nangalimang, Maumere. The independent variables in this study were location (X1) and promotion (X2), while the dependent variable was the purchasing decision (Y). This study employed a quantitative research method. The sample consisted of 75 respondents, selected using an accidental sampling technique. Data were collected through observation, questionnaires, and documentation. The data analysis techniques included validity testing, reliability testing, classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression analysis, t-test, F-test, and coefficient of determination (R²). The results indicated that location had a positive and significant effect on purchase decisions at the Kekang Motorcycle Showroom in Nangalimang, Maumere. Meanwhile, promotion did not have a significant effect on purchase decisions. Simultaneously, location and promotion had a significant effect on purchase decisions. Thus, consumer purchase decisions were more strongly influenced by location than by promotion. Keywords: Location, Promotion, Consumer Purchase Decision.

Pregnancy complications remain a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in Indonesia. Pregnant women's limited knowledge of pregnancy danger signs and suboptimal participation in antenatal care (ANC) services can increase the risk of delayed detection and management of pregnancy complications. The Kinovaro Community Health Center (Puskesmas) in Sigi Regency is one of the areas requiring maternal health information and activities that can increase pregnant women's participation in health education activities. This community service activity aims to improve pregnant women's knowledge and preparedness in preventing pregnancy complications through mentoring based on Pregnant Women's Classes. The activity involved eight pregnant women in their second and third trimesters. The methods used included health education, interactive discussions, simple pregnancy check-ups, pregnancy exercise demonstrations, and evaluation using pre- and post-tests. The results showed that all participants actively participated in the activity and had a good level of knowledge after participating. The average knowledge score increased from 77.5 to 80.0, an increase of 3.2%. In addition, participants were able to identify pregnancy danger signs, understand the importance of standard ANC visits, and practice pregnancy exercise movements independently. This activity demonstrates that mentoring through the Pregnant Women's Class can strengthen maternal health literacy, increase pregnant women's preparedness in recognizing pregnancy complications, and support the strengthening of maternal health services at the community level.