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Based on the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey, the prevalence of overweight among adults reached 23.4% nationally and 24.5% in East Java Province. This condition highlights the need for food innovation, particularly high-fiber snacks suitable for overweight adults. This study aimed to develop cereal based on okara (soy pulp) flour and mung bean flour as an alternative high-fiber food product. Organoleptic testing was conducted on 30 semi-trained panelists evaluating color, aroma, texture, and taste using hedonic and hedonic quality tests. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by the Mann–Whitney test, while nutrient content analysis was analyzed using One Way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s post hoc test. The results showed that in the hedonic test, color, texture, and taste parameters were significantly different (p<0.05), while aroma was not significantly different (p>0.05). In the hedonic quality test, color and taste showed significant differences (p<0.05), whereas aroma and texture did not (p>0.05). Overall, formulation 922 was the most preferred by panelists. The nutritional content of the cereal ranged from 407–410 kcal for energy, 76.44–77.53% carbohydrates, 8.91–9.66% protein, 6.80–7.30% fat, 5.20–5.51% moisture, 1.26–1.41% ash, and 9.72–10.90% total dietary fiber. The developed cereal is classified as a high-fiber food and has potential as a healthy snack for overweight adults.

The use of local raw materials in Nile tilapia feed formulation needs to be developed to reduce dependence on increasingly expensive conventional feed ingredients. This study aimed to analyze the effect of different formulations of chicken feather meal and moringa leaf meal with turmeric addition as a phytobiotic on the chemical composition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) feed. The study used a completely randomized design with three treatments and three replications. P1 consisted of 55% chicken feather meal, 25% moringa leaf meal, 5% turmeric, 10% corn flour, and 5% starch; P2 consisted of 40% chicken feather meal, 40% moringa leaf meal, 5% turmeric, 10% corn flour, and 5% starch; and P3 consisted of 25% chicken feather meal, 55% moringa leaf meal, 5% turmeric, 10% corn flour, and 5% starch. The parameters analyzed were crude protein, moisture, ash, crude lipid, crude fiber, and carbohydrate. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by the least significant difference test when significant differences occurred. The results showed that P3 produced the highest protein content (22.60%), ash content (6.65%), crude fiber (6.55%), and carbohydrate (8.45%), whereas P2 produced the highest lipid content (6.54%). Based on chemical analysis, P3 was the most prominent formulation for most proximate parameters. However, this formulation cannot be directly concluded as the best feed for fish growth because digestibility, palatability, feed conversion ratio, growth, survival, and health responses were not evaluated. Further biological testing is therefore required to confirm its feasibility for Nile tilapia culture.

High feed costs remain a major constraint in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) aquaculture, requiring alternative feed formulations based on local ingredients with adequate nutritional quality. This study aimed to evaluate the proximate composition of fish feed formulated from snail meal, Azolla meal, and turmeric as a phytobiotic supplement. The study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design consisting of three treatments and three replications. The feed formulations were P1, consisting of 55% snail meal, 25% Azolla meal, 5% turmeric, 10% corn flour, and 5% tapioca flour; P2, consisting of 39% snail meal, 39% Azolla meal, 7% turmeric, 10% corn flour, and 5% tapioca flour; and P3, consisting of 25% snail meal, 51% Azolla meal, 9% turmeric, 10% corn flour, and 5% tapioca flour. The analyzed parameters included protein, moisture, fat, ash, crude fiber, and carbohydrate contents. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by the Least Significant Difference test. The results showed that feed formulation significantly affected all proximate parameters. P3 produced the highest protein content of 43.87%, fat content of 3.68%, crude fiber of 3.11%, and carbohydrate content of 7.28%, while also producing the lowest ash content of 28.46%. Moisture content ranged from 1.11% to 1.30%, indicating good feed storage stability. These findings demonstrate that the integration of snail meal, Azolla, and turmeric can improve the nutritional quality of alternative Nile tilapia feed and support locally based sustainable aquaculture feed development.

Health issues among the elderly are often related to declining bodily functions, digestive disorders, and specific nutritional needs for easily digestible foods. The 60-and-older age group is at high risk for gastrointestinal disorders due to low fiber intake. Therefore, alternative foods are needed that are soft in texture, neutral in taste, safe, and nutritious. One potential solution is the development of food products based on tempeh gembus with the addition of banana hearts, which are rich in fiber, soft in texture, and readily available. This study employed an experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) to test three formulation variations (F1, F2, F3). The nutritional content of formulation F1 includes energy 111.575 kcal, carbohydrates 20.185 g, protein 6.91 g, fat 0.355 g, and fiber 6.67 g. Formula F2 contains 88.225 kcal of energy, 14.095 g of carbohydrates, 7.72 g of protein, 0.205 g of fat, 7.3 g of fiber, and 0.0015% flavonoids. Formula F3 has 107.015 kcal of energy, 7.995 g of protein, 0.295 g of fat, 6.88 g of fiber, and 0.0021% flavonoids. In conclusion, the best tempeh with added banana hearts is Formula F2, with its nutritional content, fiber, flavonoids, and BAL >10⁸ CFU/g, which has the potential to serve as a functional food and probiotic source to help improve digestive health in the elderly. Further testing is recommended directly on elderly groups, along with product shelf-life testing.

This study examines changes in nutritional knowledge, dietary patterns, nutrient intake, and food acculturation among first-year migrant and non-migrant students. A 5 months prospective cohort design was employed involving 32 students from the Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga. Students were randomly divided equally into migrant and non-migrant groups. Data were collected using questionnaires, food frequency questionnaires, 3×24-hour food recall, and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings indicated no significant differences or changes in nutritional knowledge between groups throughout the observation period (p > 0.05). However, dietary patterns varied, with migrant students showing increased consumption of practical and fast foods. Nutrient intake, particularly energy and protein, was initially lower among migrant students but improved significantly over time, reflecting adaptation to a new environment. Food acculturation was evident among migrant students, with a significant increase in scores during the study period (p = 0.007), indicating gradual adjustment to local eating habits. These results highlight the influence of environmental adaptation on students’ dietary behavior and emphasize the need for targeted nutrition interventions to promote healthy eating habits during the early university transition.

Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and is largely caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection, particularly types 16 and 18. The development of this cancer is influenced by the E6 and E7 oncoproteins, which disrupt the function of p53 and Rb proteins, as well as the involvement of cellular signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR and EGFR. Limitations of conventional therapies, such as resistance and side effects, drive the need for more targeted and selective therapeutic agents. This study aims to analyze the main molecular targets of cervical cancer and the medicinal chemistry approaches used in its therapeutic development. The method involved a review of 12 open access articles using molecular docking, molecular dynamics, QSAR, and network pharmacology approaches. The findings identified two main target groups: viral targets comprising the HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins, and cellular targets including the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, EGFR, PARP1, CDK1, and VEGFR. Various medicinal chemistry strategies, from structure-based and ligand-based drug design to multi-target network pharmacology approaches, proved effective in identifying potential inhibitor candidates. Bioactive compounds such as quercetin, gossypol, bixin, and rutin demonstrated stable interactions with these targets. However, further experimental validation is needed to support the development of clinically effective and safe therapies.

As an agricultural country, Indonesia is able to meet the demand for animal protein in the form of meat. Pigs are a potential business opportunity for some people because they are a promising livestock business. The study aims to determine the characteristics of livestock farmers and preferences for pig livestock in Tasinifu Village, Mutis District, North Central Timor Regency. This study was designed using a survey method. The technique for determining the research location used a purposive technique (intentionally) because Tasinifu Village is a village that has the highest pig population in Mutis District, TTU Regency. Data analysis was done using a quantitative descriptive method. The results of the study showed that livestock farmers were aged 18-40 years (31.67%), female farmers (55%), the highest level of education was elementary school (61.67%), the highest number of family dependents was 4-6 people (23.33%), livestock experience was 2-10 years (95%), dominant livestock ownership was 2-5 pigs with the majority of farmers working as farmers (97%), with land area owned 0-025/ha (66.67%). Pigs aged 5-7 months (41.67%), the most commonly raised breed is the Timor pig (75%), with female Calamine (58.33%), black skin (55%), and medium body weight (80%). The livestock raising sistem is intensive (80%), and the use of feed and agricultural waste (62%).

This study aims to evaluate the growth performance of KUB chickens fed with a combination of fermented agricultural waste, specifically Maggot BSF (Hermetia illucens) and Azolla microphylla. A total of 96 KUB chickens aged 30 days were used in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of a basal diet substituted with the fermented waste combination at levels of 0% (P0), 5% (P1), 10% (P2), and 15% (P3). Parameters observed included feed consumption, body weight gain (BWG), and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR). The results showed that increasing the level of waste substitution significantly affected feed consumption due to the bulky nature of the fiber, yet body weight gain remained stable across all treatments. The FCR values ranging from 3.21 to 3.25 indicated that the high-quality protein from Maggot BSF effectively compensated for the reduced feed intake. It is concluded that the substitution of fermented agricultural waste up to 15% (P3) is an optimal and efficient formulation to maintain the growth performance of KUB chickens.

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a kidney disorder characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hypercholesterolemia, most commonly occurring in children. This disease can be caused by various conditions, such as minimal change disease, FSGS, or lupus nephritis. This case report discusses a 16-year-old boy who experienced nephrotic syndrome with symptoms of swelling throughout his body, accompanied by decreased appetite and a productive cough. The patient presented with complaints of swelling throughout his body that began 7 days after hospitalization and was accompanied by coughing and shortness of breath. A physical examination revealed massive edema, abdominal hypertympany, and shifting dullness. Laboratory tests revealed proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and decreased serum albumin. Other supporting tests confirmed nephrotic syndrome. The patient received medication therapy including diuretics, corticosteroids in the form of methylprednisolone, and albumin. Nephrotic syndrome in children can develop gradually and requires management that includes steroids, diuretics, and close monitoring of kidney function and electrolytes. Early detection and appropriate treatment can help improve the patient's prognosis.

Stunting remains a major chronic nutritional problem in Indonesia, including Aceh, and has serious impacts on children’s physical growth and cognitive development. Prevention efforts require appropriate, practical, and sustainable nutritional interventions, including the use of local foods such as pumpkin, which is rich in beta-carotene, vitamin A, carbohydrates, and fiber, and can be combined with animal and plant protein sources. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an instant pumpkin-based porridge in improving the weight and height of children aged 6–24 months who are at risk of stunting in the Gunung Meriah Health Center area. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group involving 41 children divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received the instant porridge for 21 days. Data analyzed using paired t-tests and independent t-tests showed significant improvements in the intervention group’s weight and height (p<0.05). The pumpkin-based instant porridge proved effective as a local food–based nutritional intervention and has the potential to be integrated into supplementary feeding programs and regional nutrition policies with broader coverage and longer duration..