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The pollution of the Ciliwung River caused by urban and commercial activities has become an increasingly critical environmental issue, reflecting the weak effectiveness of environmental law enforcement in urban areas. This condition is evident in the area surrounding Seasons City Mall, where ecological pressure resulting from domestic waste and commercial activities has contributed to the deterioration of river water quality. This study aims to analyze the implementation of environmental law enforcement, identify the obstacles to controlling pollution in the Ciliwung River, and formulate strategies for optimizing sustainable environmental protection. The research employs a qualitative approach using normative juridical and empirical methods through observation, interviews, documentation, and literature review. The findings reveal that environmental law enforcement has been implemented through administrative supervision and waste control mechanisms; however, its effectiveness remains limited due to weak inter-agency coordination, inadequate monitoring capacity, low compliance among business actors, and limited public participation. This study concludes that strengthening integrated supervision, enforcing consistent legal sanctions, and enhancing collaboration among government institutions, business sectors, and communities are essential to achieving sustainable pollution control and environmental protection of the Ciliwung River.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of public services at the Samarinda Public Service Mall in realizing the principles of good governance. The methods used in this study are observation and direct interviews with agencies and community service users. Interviews were conducted with the Head of General Affairs and Personnel at the Samarinda City Investment and One-Stop Integrated Services Office and several community members who were processing administrative matters at the Samarinda MPP. The observation results indicate that the quality of service at the Samarinda MPP is classified as very good. Service staff and security personnel appear friendly, communicative, and responsive in assisting the community. The available service facilities are also quite complete and comfortable, thus supporting a more effective and organized public service process. The interview results indicate that the community is very satisfied with the services provided, both in terms of speed of service, ease of obtaining information, comfort of facilities, and the attitude of staff in assisting the community. In addition, services at the Samarinda MPP have implemented several principles of good governance such as effectiveness, efficiency, responsiveness, transparency, and equality of service. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that public services at the Samarinda MPP have been running well and are able to provide effective, humanistic services, and are oriented towards public satisfaction.

This study aims to analyze the influence of copywriting, visual marketing promotion, and community management on the success of local brand campaigns in Bandar Lampung through the Facebook Pro platform. The research is based on the increasing use of social media as a digital marketing tool by local brands in the fashion and culinary sectors; however, campaign outcomes remain inconsistent. This study employs a quantitative approach using a survey method by distributing questionnaires to business owners and administrators of Facebook Pro accounts of local brands in Bandar Lampung. Multiple linear regression analysis is used to examine both partial and simultaneous effects among variables. The findings indicate that copywriting, visual marketing promotion, and community management have significant partial and simultaneous effects on the success of local brand campaigns. These results confirm that the integration of persuasive messaging, high-quality visual content, and active community engagement plays a crucial role in enhancing engagement, visibility, and overall digital campaign effectiveness. This study provides practical implications for SMEs in optimizing marketing strategies through Facebook Pro and contributes academically to the development of integrated marketing communication studies in social media contexts.

The development of transportation technology encourages companies to improve vehicle monitoring systems to be more effective and measurable, particularly in addressing speeding violations that can increase accident risks and reduce operational efficiency. This study aims to analyze the implementation and effectiveness of using a buzzer integrated with the Teltonika FMB910 GPS module as a vehicle speed warning indicator at PT. Lacak Cipta Aktual. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach, where data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation during a one-month industrial internship and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, including data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that the system is capable of detecting overspeed conditions and automatically activating the buzzer when the vehicle speed exceeds the predefined threshold of 80 km/h. Based on logbook data, the system achieved a success rate of 93.9% in responding to overspeed conditions. The use of a buzzer is proven effective in providing immediate warnings to drivers, thereby improving driver awareness and speed control. However, the system still has limitations, particularly its dependence on GPS signal stability and vehicle electrical conditions. Overall, this study demonstrates that the integration of GPS and a buzzer provides a simple, effective, and cost-efficient solution to enhance driving safety and fleet management efficiency.

The use of synthetic pesticides in the agricultural sector remains the primary choice for farmers in Indonesia due to their high effectiveness, but their massive use has negative impacts on human health and the environment. Therefore, there is a need for environmentally friendly and sustainable pesticide innovations. Red onion peel waste with the addition of TiO₂ nanotechnology is a strategic development step as a solution to the dangers of synthetic pesticides. Red onion peel contains bioactive compounds such as acetogenin, squamocin, gibberellin, cytokinin, and abscisic acid, which have the potential to be natural pest control agents. The process of making organic pesticides is carried out through the maceration of onion skins, followed by the addition of TiO₂ nanoparticles that act as photocatalytic catalysts to increase pesticide effectiveness and degrade synthetic pesticide residues. The development of these organic pesticides is in line with the principles of Green Chemistry, particularly designing safer chemicals, catalysis, design for degradation, and real-time pollution prevention. Through the implementation of strategic steps such as research, testing, socialization, and continuous evaluation, TiO₂ nanotechnology-based organic red onion peel pesticides have the potential to become a safe, effective, and environmentally friendly alternative in supporting sustainable agriculture in Indonesia.

The moral crisis faced by the Indonesian nation is a serious challenge that can threaten the integrity and sustainability of the country's future. Phenomena such as corruption, intolerance, and weakening social integrity are clear evidence of the declining implementation of the noble values ​​contained in Pancasila. Pancasila Education has a strategic position in building national character and instilling moral values, especially in the younger generation. This article aims to examine the moral crisis in Indonesia and analyze the role of Pancasila Education in providing solutions to these problems. This study uses a literature research method to assess the relevance of Pancasila values ​​and the effectiveness of the implementation of Pancasila Education. The study results show that Pancasila values ​​such as religiosity, humanity, unity, democracy, and social justice have great potential in forming moral individuals. However, there are various challenges, including low student interest, lack of innovation in teaching, and the influence of globalization that can hinder the optimization of Pancasila Education. To overcome these obstacles, strategic steps are needed such as strengthening the curriculum, improving the quality of educators, and collaboration between families, schools, and the community. With maximum implementation, Pancasila Education can be the main key to rebuilding the nation's morality.

The Juvenile Criminal Justice System (SPPA) in Indonesia is a manifestation of special protection for children in conflict with the law, prioritizing the principles of restorative justice and diversion. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the SPPA based on Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System and to identify the legal challenges that arise in its practice. The research method used is normative legal with a legislative and conceptual approach. The results of the study show that although the regulations mandate diversion efforts as a top priority in resolving juvenile cases, there are still obstacles in its implementation, both in terms of the readiness of law enforcement officials, limited supporting facilities, and the perception of the community, which still tends to expect a retributive (punitive) approach. In addition, the protection of children's rights during the judicial process is often not optimally fulfilled. This analysis concludes that strengthening inter-agency coordination and increasing law enforcement officials' understanding of restorative justice are key to the effectiveness of this system. Further regulatory harmonization and strengthening the role of the Correctional Center in overseeing the diversion process are needed to ensure that the best interests of the child remain the top priority at every stage of the judicial process

Preeclampsia remains a major contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries such as Indonesia. Early detection and integrated management at the primary healthcare level are essential to prevent disease progression and improve maternal outcomes.  Modifiable risk factors such as maternal obesity, inadequate calcium intake, and poor clinical management contribute significantly to disease progression (WHO, 2021; Zhang et al., 2020). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an Integrated Maternal Health Model (IMHM) combining risk assessment, nutritional intervention, and clinical management for early prevention and control of preeclampsia in primary healthcare settings. A quasi-experimental cohort study was conducted among 104 pregnant women, consisting of 52 preeclamptic and 52 normotensive participants in community health centers in Medan, Indonesia. Data were collected across four antenatal visits, including blood pressure measurements, proteinuria (dipstick), calcium intake, supplementation adherence, and antihypertensive therapy. Statistical analyses included bivariate and longitudinal tests. The results showed that maternal obesity, history of preeclampsia, and hypertension were significant risk factors. Adequate calcium intake demonstrated a protective effect against preeclampsia (p < 0.05), consistent with recent evidence indicating that calcium supplementation can reduce the risk of preeclampsia by up to 49%. However, calcium supplementation did not significantly influence blood pressure among normotensive pregnant women. Antihypertensive therapy, particularly intensive nifedipine regimens, showed significant differences in blood pressure patterns across visits (p < 0.05). In addition, proteinuria levels significantly decreased over time (p < 0.001), indicating improvement in renal function. In conclusion, the IMHM is effective in improving maternal outcomes through a multi-component approach integrating clinical, nutritional, and monitoring strategies. This model provides a practical and scalable framework for early prevention and management of preeclampsia in primary healthcare settings.

The effectiveness of hypertension prevention in communities depends critically on individuals’ knowledge of risk factors and their attitudes toward healthy behaviors. This study examines the relationship between mothers’ knowledge and attitudes toward hypertension prevention behavior in South Polongbangkeng District, Takalar Regency, 2026. An observational analytic quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach was employed. A total of 200 mothers were selected as respondents. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing knowledge, attitude, and hypertension prevention behavior, then analyzed using chi-square test at a significance level of α = 0.05. Results showed that the majority of respondents had good knowledge (89.0%), good attitudes (91.0%), and good hypertension prevention behavior (77.0%). Statistical tests revealed a significant association between mothers’ knowledge and hypertension prevention behavior (p = 0.000) and between mothers’ attitudes and hypertension prevention behavior (p = 0.000). It is concluded that mothers’ knowledge and attitudes are significantly associated with hypertension prevention behavior. Health workers are recommended to strengthen health education and promotion programs targeting mothers to support hypertension prevention in the community.

This study analyzes the governance performance of information systems at the Career Center of Universitas Muhammadiyah Jambi using the COBIT 2019 framework. The primary objective is to evaluate the maturity level of IT governance and provide recommendations to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of information systems in supporting the institution’s strategic objectives. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and questionnaires involving system users and decision-makers within the Career Center. The findings indicate that several areas require greater attention, particularly Managed IT Changes, Managed Risk, and Managed Operations. These domains are considered critical in improving the management and reliability of the existing information systems. The study also identifies several challenges affecting system performance, including limited system integration, insufficient human resources, and the use of outdated technology. Based on these findings, the research recommends strengthening the organizational structure, improving the competence of human resources, and optimizing IT processes in accordance with COBIT 2019 standards. Implementing these improvements is expected to increase IT governance maturity, enhance service quality for students and alumni, and better support the university’s strategic development goals.

Good governance has become a crucial framework for improving public sector effectiveness, accountability, and responsiveness to citizens’ needs. In Indonesia, decentralization policies since 1999 have devolved significant authority and resources to local governments, creating both opportunities and challenges in implementing good governance principles. This study examines administrative reform efforts in Indonesian local governments, focusing on progress, challenges, and key success factors. Using a multiple case study design, the research analyzed reform initiatives in six district/city governments with diverse contexts. Data were collected through document analysis, semi-structured interviews with government officials, civil society representatives, and citizens, as well as direct observation of administrative processes conducted between March and November 2024. The study assessed six core principles of good governance: participation, transparency, accountability, effectiveness and efficiency, equity and inclusiveness, and rule of law. The findings reveal variations in implementation across regions, with high-performing governments demonstrating strong leadership commitment, systematic planning, active citizen engagement, and effective monitoring mechanisms. However, challenges persist, including limited capacity, bureaucratic resistance, weak accountability enforcement, and low public participation. Key success factors include visionary leadership, capacity development, strategic partnerships, and institutional strengthening. Policy recommendations emphasize enhancing local capacity, accountability systems, citizen participation, and performance evaluation. Good governance has become a crucial framework for improving public sector effectiveness, accountability, and responsiveness to citizens’ needs. In Indonesia, decentralization policies since 1999 have devolved significant authority and resources to local governments, creating both opportunities and challenges in implementing good governance principles. This study examines administrative reform efforts in Indonesian local governments, focusing on progress, challenges, and key success factors. Using a multiple case study design, the research analyzed reform initiatives in six district/city governments with diverse contexts. Data were collected through document analysis, semi-structured interviews with government officials, civil society representatives, and citizens, as well as direct observation of administrative processes conducted between March and November 2024. The study assessed six core principles of good governance: participation, transparency, accountability, effectiveness and efficiency, equity and inclusiveness, and rule of law. The findings reveal variations in implementation across regions, with high-performing governments demonstrating strong leadership commitment, systematic planning, active citizen engagement, and effective monitoring mechanisms. However, challenges persist, including limited capacity, bureaucratic resistance, weak accountability enforcement, and low public participation. Key success factors include visionary leadership, capacity development, strategic partnerships, and institutional strengthening. Policy recommendations emphasize enhancing local capacity, accountability systems, citizen participation, and performance evaluation.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of pedagogical competence among Christian Religious Education teachers and its implications for students’ learning interest at SMTK Katharos Bekasi. The study is based on the importance of teachers’ pedagogical competence in creating effective learning environments and increasing student engagement in the classroom. A qualitative approach with a descriptive design was applied in this research. Data were collected through classroom observations, questionnaire-based interviews with students, and literature review. The findings show that teachers’ pedagogical competence is categorized as good, with an average score of 33.8 or 75.1% of the maximum score, reflecting effective classroom management, appropriate material delivery, and proper student guidance. Students’ learning interest is also categorized as good, with an average score of 32.8 or 72.9%, indicating active participation and positive engagement in the learning process. Therefore, pedagogical competence positively influences students’ learning interest, and continuous improvement is needed to enhance learning effectiveness.

Anemia during pregnancy remains a major public health concern with significant implications for maternal and fetal health. One contributing factor to its high prevalence is the limited knowledge among pregnant women regarding early detection. Health education serves as a crucial promotive-preventive strategy to enhance awareness of anemia’s signs, symptoms, and risks. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of health education in improving knowledge of early detection of anemia among pregnant women in the Galala Community Health Center working area. A pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design with a quantitative approach was employed. The sample consisted of 30 pregnant women selected using total sampling. Respondents received structured health education on early detection of anemia, and their knowledge levels were assessed before and after the intervention using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods, with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test applied due to non-normal distribution. Results indicated a significant improvement in knowledge after education (p = 0.000), with most respondents shifting from poor or moderate knowledge to good knowledge. The study concludes that health education effectively increases pregnant women’s knowledge of anemia detection and should be systematically integrated into antenatal care to prevent anemia and improve maternal health outcomes.

Background: Anemia in pregnancy is a significant public health problem that can increase the risk of maternal and fetal complications. One of the main strategies to prevent anemia is the administration of Multiple Micronutrient Supplements (MMS), which provide essential vitamins and minerals during pregnancy. However, the effectiveness of MMS in preventing anemia is closely related to the level of knowledge pregnant women have about its use. Therefore, understanding the relationship between knowledge about MMS and anemia incidence is crucial to improving maternal health outcomes (Rahmawati et al., 2023). Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between pregnant women’s knowledge level about Multiple Micronutrient Supplements (MMS) and the incidence of anemia among pregnant women in the working area of Dr. Hi. Zainal Umar Sidiki Hospital, North Gorontalo. Methods: This research employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 30 pregnant women were selected as the sample using purposive sampling techniquesResults: The study found that the majority of participants who had high knowledge levels about MMS had a lower incidence of anemia, while those with low knowledge levels had a higher incidence. These results highlight that knowledge about MMS strongly influences pregnant women’s adherence and effectiveness in preventing anemia. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between pregnant women’s knowledge level about Multiple Micronutrient Supplements (MMS) and the incidence of anemia. Improving maternal knowledge about MMS through health education, counseling, and guidance from healthcare providers is essential to prevent anemia and support optimal pregnancy outcomes.

The most frequent complaint among pregnant women, particularly during the second and third trimesters, is sleep difficulties. Emotional disorders, physical exhaustion, and a higher chance of pregnancy difficulties can all result from poor sleep. Back massage combined with lavender aromatherapy is one non-pharmacological treatment that has been shown to be safe for enhancing the quality of sleep. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of lavender back massage on pregnant women's sleep quality. Thirty third-trimester pregnant women in the West Halmahera Community Health Center (Puskesmas) operating area participated in the study, which employed a pre-experimental design and a one-group pretest-posttest methodology. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess the quality of sleep. According to the findings, the majority of respondents (76.7%) experienced poor sleep quality before to the back massage, with an average PSQI score of 11.2. The PSQI score dropped to 6.1 following three days of lavender back massages, indicating a substantial improvement in sleep quality. The Wilcoxon statistical test revealed a substantial increase in sleep quality following the intervention, with p = 0.000. According to the study's findings, back massage with lavender can be suggested as a safe supplemental therapy in prenatal care services as it effectively improves pregnant women's sleep quality.

This study aims to evaluate the impact of leadership education and training on organizational service effectiveness within the Tambrauw Regency Government, Papua. Leadership training is an important instrument in developing the competencies of Civil Servants to enhance leadership capacity, managerial skills, and public service quality. However, its implementation needs evaluation to determine its impact on organizational performance and service effectiveness. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. The analytical framework applied is the Kirkpatrick training evaluation model, covering reaction, learning, behavior, and results. Data collection was conducted through documentation studies, policy analysis, and literature review on civil servant development and public services. The results indicate that leadership training has a positive impact on improving civil servant competencies and service effectiveness. At the reaction level, participants showed high satisfaction with training materials and methods. At the learning level, there was improvement in leadership knowledge and skills. At the behavior level, participants demonstrated more professional work attitudes, better coordination, and improved decision-making. At the results level, training contributed to improved service quality, efficiency, and innovation. However, challenges remain, including limited resources, hierarchical bureaucratic culture, and weak policy support. Therefore, strong local government commitment is needed to enhance training quality and organizational support. This study contributes to public administration research and offers practical insights for policy development.

This study aims to analyze the practice of collaborative governance in the innovation of population administration services through the integrated marriage legalization (isbat nikah) program implemented by the Civil Registration and Population Office (Dukcapil) in collaboration with the Religious Court. The program represents a governmental initiative to provide legal certainty for unregistered marriages while improving citizens’ access to legal identity documents. This research employs a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis to examine inter-organizational collaboration in public service delivery. The analytical framework refers to the collaborative governance model developed by Chris Ansell and Alison Gash, focusing on three key dimensions: starting conditions, institutional design, and facilitative leadership. The findings indicate that the initial conditions of collaboration were driven by the high number of unregistered marriages and the institutional limitations of each agency in addressing the issue independently. In terms of institutional design, the collaboration is supported by formal cooperation agreements, clear division of roles, and integrated service mechanisms among participating institutions. Furthermore, facilitative leadership plays a crucial role in fostering coordination, communication, and shared commitment among stakeholders. The study concludes that collaborative governance in the integrated marriage legalization service program enhances the effectiveness of population administration services while providing legal certainty for citizens.

The management of essential drug inventory is a strategic component of hospital pharmaceutical services because it directly influences service continuity, cost efficiency, and the overall quality of healthcare delivery. Poor inventory control can result in excessive stock accumulation, increased risk of drug expiration, inefficient budget utilization, and potential drug shortages that may compromise patient care. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of essential drug inventory control at Pekerja General Hospital by applying the ABC-VEN, Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), and Reorder Point (ROP) methods. It also examines differences in inventory management efficiency between 2024 and 2025 based on inventory value, cost of goods sold (COGS), and Inventory Turnover Ratio (ITOR). A mixed-methods approach with a sequential explanatory design was used. Quantitative analysis involved a paired sample t-test comparing inventory data from 2024–2025, while qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed thematically using NVivo. The findings reveal a significant improvement in inventory management in 2025 (p < 0.05), reflected in reduced inventory value and COGS, along with an increased ITOR. However, the implementation of ABC-VEN, EOQ, and ROP methods has not been fully integrated, and challenges such as limited human resources and procurement bureaucracy persist.In conclusion, although inventory control became more efficient in 2025, further integration of inventory methods and strengthening of human resource capacity are necessary to ensure sustainable improvements.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of bureaucratic reform in improve the administrative performance of the Sorong City Regional Secretariat. The research uses a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative data were obtained by distributing questionnaires to 30 government apparatus respondents using the Likert scale and were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. Meanwhile, qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews with key informants and analyzed using thematic analysis and data triangulation. The results of the study show that the implementation of bureaucratic reform is positively related to the organization's administrative performance. The variables of policy communication, apparatus resources, and bureaucratic structure show a fairly strong correlation with administrative performance, with bureaucratic structure exhibiting the strongest relationship. Qualitative findings also show that bureaucratic reform has been carried out through simplifying procedures, updating SOPs, digitizing administration, and strengthening the performance reporting system. Theoretically, this research strengthens policy implementation theory and public organizational performance theory, which emphasize the importance of policy communication, human resource capacity, and the effectiveness of organizational structures in improving bureaucratic performance. However, this study has limitations in scope, as it is confined to a single organizational unit and a relatively small number of respondents. Therefore, further research is suggested to expand the research object in several regional apparatus organizations in order to obtain a more comprehensive picture of the implementation of bureaucratic reform at the local government level.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of legal protection for children as victims of sexual violence based on Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection. Sexual violence against children constitutes a serious violation of human rights and has long-term impacts on the physical, psychological, and social development of victims. Normatively, the law regulates various forms of protection, including prevention, handling, rehabilitation, and the imposition of stricter sanctions against perpetrators. However, in practice, several obstacles remain in the implementation of such legal protection. This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The legal materials consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary sources analyzed qualitatively through legal interpretation techniques. The analysis evaluates the conformity between the legal norms stipulated in the legislation and their implementation in practice. The results indicate that, normatively, Law Number 35 of 2014 provides a relatively comprehensive legal framework for protecting child victims of sexual violence. Nevertheless, its effectiveness is hindered by challenges such as law enforcement issues, limited facilities and infrastructure, lack of inter-agency coordination, and social stigma toward victims. Therefore, strengthening policy implementation and enhancing synergy among stakeholders are necessary to ensure optimal legal protection for children as victims of sexual violence.