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Indonesia's biodiversity holds great potential for drug development, including through the use of traditional medicinal plants such as tapak liman (Elephantopus scaber L.), suruhan (Peperomia pellucida L. Kunth), and temu ireng (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.). These plants have been used in traditional medicine and are known to contain bioactive compounds with potential anticancer properties. Tapak liman contains compounds capable of inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. Suruhan is known to have cytotoxic and immunomodulatory effects, while temu ireng contains compounds with antioxidant and anticancer activity. This study aims to identify and quantify the bioactive compounds in these three plants using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and to explore their therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. The results of GC-MS analysis successfully identified six main compounds that have potential as anticancer agents, namely Phytol, Caryophyllene, Apiol, Germacrone, Germacrene B, and one additional compound. Temu ireng contains Germacrone, Germacrene B, and Caryophyllene, while suruhan contains Caryophyllene, Apiol, and Phytol. Meanwhile, tapak liman shows the presence of bioactive compounds that support cytotoxic activity. The focus of this study is on the interaction of bioactive compounds with the Bcl-2 protein, which plays a role in inhibiting apoptosis in cancer cells. Additionally, molecular analysis revealed that Germacrone, Germacrene B, Caryophyllene, and Apiol can also bind to the p53 protein, known as a guardian of the genome and a trigger for apoptosis. These findings suggest that the three plants have high potential as natural sources of anticancer agents. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are recommended to test the biological efficacy of these compounds in the context of cancer therapy, thereby bridging traditional knowledge with modern scientific approaches in the development of natural-based medications.

Indonesia is known as a megabiodiversity country with high biological wealth, including a variety of medicinal plants that are traditionally used by various ethnic groups. One of them is the Tengger Tribe in Lumajang Regency, East Java, which until now still maintains traditional medicinal practices based on medicinal plants. This study aims to explore and document the types of medicinal plants used by the Tengger people, the parts of the plants used, the content of active compounds, efficacy, and pharmacological mechanisms of action based on scientific data. The method used is a literature study by searching for scientific articles through Google Scholar and PubMed in the period 2010–2024. The results of the exploration found at least 15 types of medicinal plants that are often used by the Tengger people, including Eucalyptus globulus, Curcuma longa, Zingiber officinale, and Psidium guajava. These plants have active compounds such as eucalyptol, curcumin, gingerol, and quercetin which work through anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant mechanisms. Some of them have been tested preclinically and clinically to support their traditional efficacy. This study emphasizes the importance of scientific documentation and validation of local ethnobotanical knowledge as a basis for the development of phytopharmaceuticals and the preservation of traditional Indonesian health culture.

Pimpinella pruatjan is a native Indonesian medicinal plant increasingly threatened by overexploitation and limited cultivation techniques. This study aims to systematically review the role of tissue culture in the conservation and production of its secondary metabolites. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, data were gathered from scientific literature published in the last five years through open-access databases. The findings reveal that tissue culture techniques not only effectively regenerate purwoceng but also significantly enhance the production of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, betaine, and sterols. This study demonstrates that biotechnology-based tissue culture is a strategic solution for conserving endangered medicinal plants while optimizing their utilization for biodiversity-based pharmaceutical industries.

Phytochemistry is a method used to determine the compounds found in plant essence. Phytochemical identification is carried out using chemical substances used in a reaction to determine the collection of secondary metabolite compounds. Indonesia is a country that has various types of medicinal plants, one of which is the leaves of Katang-katang (Ipomoea pes-caprae). Katang-katang is a tropical vine that is easy to find and belongs to the Convolvulaceae family. The utilization of this medicinal plant is one of the alternatives in an effort to treat a disease.  Along the road in the sandy beach area, many of these plants are found growing creeping on the edge of the shoreline, this plant has a trumpet-like flower and is known as Katang-katang (Ipomoea pes-caprae). (Ipomoea pescaprae L.). Empirically, people often use katang-katang plants to treat infections in wounds, relieve pain, and as antioxidants. The active compounds of katang-katang as antibacterial are terpenoids, steroids, saponins, tannins and flavonoids. The active compound that plays the most role is thought to be the flavonoid compound content.

Medicinal plants are plants that are known to contain beneficial compounds that can prevent, alleviate, or cure diseases. Knowledge about medicinal plants has different characteristics depending on the region. This study aims to document the knowledge of residents of the Legok Hayam Cultural Village, Girimekar Village, Bandung Regency about traditional medicinal plants. The ethnobotanical research method was conducted from September 2024 using semi-structured interviews and observations with measurement parameters of Species Use Value (SUV), Family Use Value (FUV), and Fidelity Level (FL). The research sample used a random sampling technique with a total of 25 respondents. The results identified 25 medicinal plants belonging to 15 families, traditional medicinal plants are often obtained by planting in the yard. The most frequently used medicinal plants are ginger, turmeric, binahong and kencur based on their highest utility value. The Zingiberaceae family has the largest contribution to use. In addition, binahong, kencur, katuk, and ginger plants are widely used to treat certain diseases.

As a tropical country, Indonesia has many types of biodiversity, including plants that are spread throughout Indonesia, approximately as many as 40,000 species with 7,500 species of which can be used as medicinal plants which are applied for medical needs and biological and chemical research. One of the topics discussed in this journal is the gotu kola leaf, known as the Latin name (centella asiatica). This plant contains tannins, flavonoids, vitamin A and vitamin C with various properties including accelerating the wound healing process, other benefits such as improving brain and nerve function. It should be noted that this efficacy is due to the presence of secondary metabolites in the gotu kola leaf and to find out, alkaloid, flavonoid, and saponin tests were carried out using dried gotu kola leaves and then divided into two bottles of 200 ml of methanol and N-hexane solution and then macerated for 3 days. . After the maceration process is complete, a thick extract of gotu kola leaves is produced and then continued with testing for alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins which will later get results that aim to be the first step to determine secondary metabolite compounds and be useful as information on the utilization of the efficacy of gotu kola leaves as well as research in biology and chemistry.

Horticulture can be interpreted as one of the agricultural subsectors that bridges the gap between production and consumption in Indonesian society. Horticultural commodities consist of vegetables, fruit, ornamental plants and medicinal plants. One of the horticultural commodities is mushrooms. Mushroom commodities have quite high consumption value in Indonesia. The demand for mushrooms continues to increase, but the availability of inputs is still inadequate and farmers still rely on marketing institutions, which is still an obstacle for mushroom entrepreneurs to meet consumer demand. Based on these problems, it is necessary to add mushroom cages so that the level of mushroom productivity continues to increase and an efficient marketing channel is needed so that all actors involved in the marketing channel can benefit each other. Research uses qualitative and quantitative methods. The data sources used are primary and secondary data. The analysis results from the business feasibility study can be run properly and inefficient marketing channels are found in channel 3.  

Cipacing Village, Jatinangor District, Sumedang Regency is an area that has extensive plantation land and rice fields. This village is still beautiful with lush green trees and vast fields which are its own attraction. Many people in Cipacing Village still use plant species to treat diseases. The aim of this research is to identify the use and utilization of medicinal plants in Cipacing Village. This type of research is descriptive with qualitative research methods. Sampling was carried out using purposive sampling technique. Data collection was obtained from the results of semi-structured interviews. There were 30 respondents in this study who were described by characteristics such as gender, age and level of education. Based on research conducted, the plants used as medicine by the community are 23 families, 28 genera and 29 species with the dominant family being Zingiberaceae (26%) and the co-dominant family being Piperaceae (8.7%). The highest habitus was found in herbaceous plants (40%) while the part of the plant that was widely used was the leaves (57%). The most dominant plant processing used is by boiling the leaves and then filtering the boiled water for drinking.