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This research was motivated by the importance of implementing the merdeka curriculum, which emphasizes character development through the  Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5), particularly within the theme of local wisdom. Preliminary findings indicated that prior to the implementation of P5, students had limited understanding of social issues such as bullying, discrimination, and diversity. Therefore, appropriate teaching strategies are required to shape students’ character and enhance their social awareness The research questions addressed in this study are: (1) What strategies do teachers use to implement P5 material with the theme of local wisdom in Sociology learning for Grade X students at SMAN 1 Kalidawir? (2) What are the impacts of the applied strategies on the learning process? (3) What challenges do teachers face in implementing these strategies?. This study employs a qualitative descriptive research design. The aim is to explore the strategies used by teachers, their impacts on students, and the challenges encountered during the implementation of P5 materials. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings of the study show that: (1) Teachers implemented project-based, collaborative, and contextual learning strategies that involved the local environment as a learning resource. (2) These strategies had a positive impact on students’ understanding of local cultural values and encouraged attitudes of tolerance and social awareness. (3) Challenges faced by teachers included limited time, varying levels of student motivation, and insufficient supporting facilities. Despite these obstacles, teachers strived to overcome them through collaboration, innovative learning approaches, and student-centered methods.

Motivation can be defined as the drive to do something, or as the needs, desires, and urges that drive individuals to act. In the context of education, motivation plays a role as an important psychological process in determining the extent to which students strive to achieve learning goals. At the end of each learning unit, students take a test to measure their progress towards these goals, and the results are known as learning achievement. This study focuses on the relationship between students' learning motivation and their academic performance, especially in science lessons at SD Negeri Wanajaya 03. The results of the analysis show that students' enthusiasm or motivation to learn has a direct correlation with learning achievement in class. In general, the higher the students' intrinsic drive, the better the academic performance shown. This finding emphasizes the importance of learning strategies that can improve student motivation in a sustainable manner.

This study aims to explore how cooperative learning strategies contribute to the enhancement of students’ religious character within the context of Islamic Religious Education (PAI). Using a literature review approach, this research collects and analyzes various scholarly sources concerning cooperative learning models, religious character values, and the teacher’s role in shaping students' personalities based on Islamic principles. The findings indicate that cooperative learning strategies not only engage students cognitively but also create a learning environment that fosters the internalization of religious values such as honesty, responsibility, discipline, empathy, and tolerance. The teacher's role as a facilitator is crucial in guiding group dynamics to be infused with moral and spiritual values. Thus, this strategy proves to be both relevant and effective in supporting a holistic approach to religious character education.