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This article defines the process for developing a speaking syllabus for flight attendant school in a Flipped Learning Network (FLN), which increases student engagement and learning by assigning watching videos at home followed up in pre-teaching discussions, and requiring the students to work on live practices in face-to-face classroom activities. Considering that the syllabus is designed to develop the students' oral competence, the target speaking skill is aimed toward developing students' ability to engage in procedural communication in the workplace. Therefore, the topics/themes are chosen to meet the needs of flight attendants consistent with Project-Based Learning (PBL) by Forum Group Discussions (FGDs). In order to achieve this objective, the development of a syllabus begins with a need analysis, topic selection, syllabus prototype production, expert evaluation, and revision for the final product. The syllabus is organized such that the learning experience is explicitly stated for two formats: online meeting (through Google Classroom for the video analysis) as the lecture homework for pre-discussions followed by classroom face-to-face meeting (through FGDs with peers, individual work, and the teacher) to comprehend students' understanding though some units. Each unit has 2 (two) topics. Each topic consists of 60 (sixteen) minutes or 1 (one) meeting. This syllabus development is considered to be implemented in terms of  FLN for instructional activities in flight attendant school resulting higher-order thinking skills such as collaboration, design and problem solving as students tackle difficult problems, work in groups, research, and construct knowledge with the help of the teacher and peers.

The study examines Keraton Ismahayana Landak as a national cultural heritage reflecting the glory of the Landak Kingdom in the past. Located in Desa Raja, near Ngabang city, the palace captivates with its beauty and artistic richness. A holistic approach was used for data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation to reveal the aesthetic value of the palace, including its physical aspects and decorative motifs. The unique architectural form and traditional Malay motifs portray the richness of nature, artist creativity, and ancestral wisdom. Keraton Ismahayana Landak stands as a silent witness to past civilizations and local wisdom, emphasizing the importance of preserving Indonesia's cultural heritage and art

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of research methodology learning with students' understanding in thesis writing. Research methodology plays an important role in equipping students with the knowledge and skills necessary to design, conduct and analyze research effectively. However, challenges in understanding the concepts of research methodology can affect students' ability to write quality thesis. Therefore, this study identified the challenges faced by students in learning research methodology and presented solutions that could be applied to increase learning effectiveness. The research method used was literature study and descriptive analysis. Data was collected through a literature review which included research articles, textbooks and other related sources of information. Data analysis was carried out by identifying common challenges in learning research methodology and recommendations that can be implemented to overcome these challenges. The results of the study indicate that a good understanding of research methodology has a positive impact on student thesis writing. Students who have a good understanding of research methodology tend to plan their research well, collect valid data, carry out appropriate data analysis, use relevant reference sources, and construct strong arguments in their thesis. However, there are challenges such as material complexity, limited resources, lack of practical experience, time constraints, and low motivation that need to be overcome. Recommendations to improve research methodology learning include developing a good curriculum, training lecturers, providing adequate resources and facilities, use of technology in learning, intensive individual guidance, and further research on the effectiveness of research methodology learning. By implementing these recommendations, students are expected to gain a better understanding of research methodology and apply it well in their thesis writing. This increased understanding will have an impact on the quality of thesis writing, a more significant contribution in the field of study, and better preparation for future academic or professional careers.

At that time Indonesia was on the verge of economic collapse, almost all economic sectors experienced negative growth. Where the construction sector is the sector that experienced the largest negative growth, namely minus 40% due to very high interest rates, a decrease in purchasing power and a very large debt burden. The trade and services sector experienced a contraction of minus 21%, the manufacturing industry sector decreased by 19%. All resulted from the implications of the monetary crisis that rocked Indonesia. This is because people's purchasing power is still minimal. Therefore, one of the efforts to revive the economy includes profit sharing. The profit sharing system implemented in sharia banking is divided into two systems, namely; First. Profit Sharing is a profit sharing system that is based on the net results of income received from business collaboration, after deductions have been made for costs incurred during the business process. Second. Revenue Sharing is a profit sharing system that is based on the total of all income received before deducting the costs incurred to obtain that income.

At the point when the students are assessed, they are demanded to work to publish scientific writing. This study investigates the process of constructing scientific writing as well as the academic search engine that is frequently used by graduate students in building their papers. Later on, this study also discloses the factor of using repeated platforms. A personal learning environment helps the students to connect both inside and outside the classroom learning by employing digital tools. This paper presents a case study exploring the steps of conducting scientific writing, the academic search engine mostly used by students, and the factors in deciding the platform. Eighteen graduate students majoring in the English education department were the participants of this study. The data was collected through class observation, questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews. The result shows several steps to construct scientific writing including readiness, composing the article, getting ready for publication, distribution, and development. While Google Scholar (100%), Web of Science (94.7%), and online library (63.2%) are the top three online platforms as the academic search engine they used to search for references to build arguments for their scientific writing. Some factors why those platforms become highly beneficial are exposed by the participants such as their pertinence, reference quality, and publication impact. This study is expected to provide certain considerations for students or scholars about utilizing several online platforms and some reasons behind which is beneficial to build scientific writing publications.

This study aims to determine the amount of deposition due to the volume of sediment mixed with solid household waste in the canal which is high enough to become shallow, resulting in a change in the geometric cross-section of the canal in the primary canal and damage to the irrigation network of D.I. Cipicung. The method used in this research activity uses a mathematical analysis technique from Chow and Grag theory in the form of sediment depth and geometric changes in the channel cross section. The results show that the volume of sediment deposited in the primary canal is Vq primary = 16.24 m3 (section length of 50.5 meters from a channel length of 300 meters) and the geometric change in the cross section of the primary channel is A = 1.24 m2. The amount of sediment volume that affects the geometric changes in the cross-section of the primary channel that needs to be repaired is that the canal linings are still alluvial with construction linings, removal of sediment that has been mixed with solid waste, and periodic maintenance.

The purpose of the specific analysis is expected to be able to convey comprehensive knowledge of the condition of the TPT alliance and poverty in Central Kalimantan, to provide support towards expanding the benefits that contribute to reducing TPT and poverty in this region. Comprehensive quantitative methods to investigate the Central Kalimantan Open Unemployment Rate (TPT) against squalor creates a very precise and constructive approach towards gathering and reviewing instructions in an objective and measurable manner. The low educational level and restrained skills make it difficult to find a decent pulse, forcing the people of Central Kalimantan to fall into poverty. Women are more discreetly concerned with matching decent pulses and retain restricted access to the core economic power as world and capital, which can allow the more prone to slump to the depths of squalor in this region. Other social impacts of algae are reduced social capital, increased crime rates, and reduced quality of life. The economic impact can arise in part in the form of loss of economic reliability, low rewards of legion of duty participation and low economic motivation. The high number of published unemployment (TPT) in Central Kalimantan contributes to increasing poverty and the components of tutorials, skills, sexual lameness, social and economic effects are flowering. TPT embodies important components that must serve as components

This study raises the phenomenon of the policy of collecting Rural Land and Building Tax in Pematang Serai Village, Langkat Regency. The reason for this research was carried out because of the facts and data which show that in 2018-2021 tax realization for Pematang Serai Village has not reached the target every year. Some of the things that become a problem in this study are the many phenomena of tax objects that are not in accordance with the number of taxpayers that must be paid by the community, low public awareness, ineffective mechanisms, and limited payment media in Pematang Serai Village. Researchers view and analyze the development of PBB collection in Pematang Serai Village comprehensively so that they can provide constructive suggestions. In this study, researchers used implementation theory by applying the George C Edward III implementation model. This theory uses 4 indicators, namely: communication, disposition, resources, and bureaucratic structure. This study uses qualitative research methods with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Meanwhile, data analysis techniques used data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results show that the implementation of the PBB collection policy in Pematang Serai Village, Langkat Regency is still not optimal, so it is recommended that the government pay attention to the land and building tax management policy that has been implemented so far so that it will be able to increase land and building tax revenue. It is also recommended through research results that in order to increase the effectiveness of Land and Building Tax revenue, the government should improve office facilities and infrastructure to support work activities, in addition to providing guidance to collectors and imposing sanctions on taxpayers regarding the importance of Land and Building Tax, because with the Land and Building Tax it will be used to finance regional development.

Abstract. Residents of the Talaga Bestari housing complex, Cikupa, Tangerang, agreed to reject the construction of the 500 KV SUTET (Extra High Voltage Airline) line that runs through their residential area because it violates regulations, endangers the community, and has never been included in the Tangerang Spatial Development Plan. The development of the Sutet network by a national strategic project is a form of land acquisition, this is contained in Article 1 point 2 of Law no. 2 of 2012 concerning Land Acquisition for Development in the Public Interest which states that land acquisition is an activity of providing land by providing proper and fair compensation to the entitled party. This study uses a research method that is carried out is a type of normative legal research (doctrinal research), namely. library law research. With the aim of providing solutions to development conflicts with development solutions using the Pancasila perspective.

Basically the housing construction process is an activity that contains many elements of danger. Occupational safety and health (K3) knowledge is important for construction workers to avoid work accidents caused by human and equipment negligence. The result of this community service activity is that after participating in socialization that has been carried out by the community, in this case the construction workers in the construction project for the Kailila Urban Houses housing development which is located at Jalan Kesejahteraan Sosial No.6 Ngestiharjo Village, Kasihan District, Bantul Regency, their knowledge has increased mainly regarding regulations law on occupational safety and health (K3). The implementation method in this community service activity uses the conversation method regarding occupational safety and health (K3).

The Al-amin Science And Industrial Park area is projected to become a center for field laboratories and workshops that accommodate all study programs at UNPAB. In addition, the Al-amin Science And Industrial Park area is also planned to be the location of Ecoedutourism (Ecoedutourism) based on agriculture and processing of agricultural products. Eco-education is expected to attract visitors to enjoy the location of the Al-amin Science And Industrial Park Area with attractions based on field activities from study programs at UNPAB such as horticultural gardens, nurseries, animal husbandry, waste management for the use of renewable energy to processing packaging of garden and livestock products. The construction of the Al-amin Science And Industrial Park Area Mosque is expected to become a center of Islamic activities consisting of worship activities, mu'amalah and da'wah education, as well as Islamic information centers, not only for the Al-amin Science And Industrial Park area but also for the surrounding community and visitors to the area.

The use of farmers' land in Karawana Village is a breakthrough that really helps farmers in increasing income. This community service activity aims to determine the transition of the function of the farmers' land from paddy fields to corn and tomato plants in Karawana Village, which is very helpful for farmers because after the earthquake and liquefaction resulted in total damage to irrigation canals which hampered the irrigation process to the rice fields. Therefore, the farmers approached the government and were given alkon tools (water suction machines) and the construction of artificial wells so that it really helped farmers, especially corn and tomato farmers, then regarding marketing management of the corn and tomato crops the farmers were able to manage. . This is very helpful in the process of increasing the income of farmers in Karawana Village

This study examines the importance of open and honest communication in personal and professional relationships and its impact on group dynamics, team effectiveness, and individual well-being. Through literature review and empirical analysis, it was found that openness in sharing feelings, thoughts, and concerns is key in maintaining healthy and harmonious relationships. Couples who regularly discuss important issues report higher levels of satisfaction in their relationships. Active listening, where full attention is given without distraction, also increases understanding and emotional closeness between couples. However, the study also identified communication challenges such as misunderstandings and conflicts that often trigger disputes, especially among young couples who face difficulties in conveying messages clearly and understanding emotional context. Emotion management during conflict is a major challenge, as many couples find it difficult to remain calm and rational in situations that trigger negative emotions.  overcome this challenge, strategies such as using humor and spending quality time together have proven effective. Humor can ease tension and improve mood after conflict, while quality time without technological distractions strengthens bonding and communication. The influence of technology in couples' communication is also reviewed, with an emphasis on the importance of setting boundaries for technology use to avoid misunderstandings and loss of emotional nuance. Social support from family and friends was found to play an important role in helping couples overcome conflict and strengthen their relationship. Couples who had a strong support network felt more confident and optimistic about the future of their relationship. In addition, the evolution of communication in relationships suggests that couples learn to communicate more effectively and efficiently over time, with improved communication skills such as empathy, emotion management, and constructive problem solving.

Diffuser is one of the construction that is able to control the behavior of the fluid. Adverse pressure gradient (APG) causes boundary layer develops rapidly so that it causes separation and Cp becomes low. So that need to evaluating divergence angle of diffuser to delay the separation to get optimization Cp of diffuser. This study uses a numerical method with software Fluent 6.3.26 with k-ω turbulence model of shear stress transport (SST) for evaluate in a symmetric flat-walled diffuser with constant ratio in divergence angle (2θ1) = 8° and usedused the Reynolds number 12.9 x 104. Test section consisted of three parts, namely symmetric diffuser, upstream channels, and downstream channels. The symmetric diffuser has a length (L1) = 500 mm, the upstream channel length (L2) = 500 mm, and the downstream channel has a length (L3) = 1000 mm. The results of the study showed that there is no flow separation on the field at midspan vertical diffuser (2θ1) = 8 °. However, based on the velocity vector visualization, flow separation can be observed at midspan plane horizontal to diffuser (2θ1) = 8 ° indicated the occurrence of separation in the area after the inlet diffuser, ie at x / L1 = 1.4 and x / L1 = 1.6

In the residential area of ​​RT 09 RW IX, Sendang Mulyo Village, Tembalang District, Semarang City, many people have vehicles, especially 4-wheeled vehicles, which cannot be accommodated in their yard due to limited land or plots owned. On the other hand, there are public facilities at RT 09 RW IX, Sendang Mulyo Village, Tembalang District, Semarang City which are neglected and not utilized which are later expected to become communal parking areas for community members. The goals of community service related to the design and RAB of communal parking spaces in RT 09 RW IX, Sendang Mulyo Village, Tembalang District, Semarang City, include: creating a functional and good shared parking area so that residents' vehicles are no longer parked in the neighborhood road area, so that it will participate in organizing and beautifying and improving the quality of the environment. The method used in community service related to the design and RAB of communal parking spaces in RT 09 RW IX, Sendang Mulyo Village, Tembalang District, Semarang City is through field surveys or locations where the data is then collected, designed or designed, then a budget plan is made or WED. The expected results of community service related to the design and RAB of communal parking spaces consist of 3 things namely: first the participative level of the community towards their environment, secondly the design drawings of representative communal parking spaces, thirdly the budget plan or RAB to carry out the construction of communal parking spaces in RT 09 RW IX, Sendang Mulyo Village, Tembalang District, Semarang City. The output of community service related to the design and RAB of communal parking spaces in RT 09 RW IX, Sendang Mulyo Village, Tembalang District, Semarang City is in the form of a report containing pictures and RAB which will be submitted to the community in the neighborhood and to LPM UNTAG Semarang as evidence administrative responsibility.

Rivers are places, containers, and networks of water irrigation from springs to estuaries. The existence of rivers with their nature that flows from upstream to downstream has the potential for opportunity value and externality effects between upstream and downstream or along river flows (Pangesti, 2000). Eco-Tech-Edu Tourism Combination and integration of learning across applicable programs, the flow of the Babarsari river looks clear and flows well, so this is used in the construction of living labs and industrial parks. In its use as ecotourism, it is necessary to analyze the burden of pollutants. In determining the burden of pollutants, it is necessary to carry out water analysis and water status analysis based on the Decree of the Minister of Environment no. 115 of 2003 concerning guidelines for water quality status.

Background: Mental health is a picture of positive characteristics with harmony and psychological balance that reflects the maturity of his personality. Meanwhile, mental disorders are behavioral patterns that clinically occur in individuals related to distress or disability or are accompanied by a significantly increased risk of death, illness, disability, or loss of independence. According to WHO (World Health Organization) the prevalence of mental disorders in the world is around 450 million people. The high rate of recurrence in people with mental disorders requires us to be more active in knowing the causes. The purpose of this study is to find out an in-depth description of the biological causal factors of a person experiencing mental disorders. This research method uses descriptive qualitative research. Samples were taken randomly with the criteria of someone with a Mental Disorder (ODGJ). The population of this study were mental patients who were treated at RSJD Dr. Amino Gondhohutomo Semarang. The research instrument used a mental disorder predisposition questionnaire. The questionnaire has construct validity and reliability and has been used during Residencies I to III. The results of this study showed that of the 106 respondents who had biological predisposing factors, a history of mental disorders was 39%, followed by a history of drug withdrawal of 38.1%, and the lowest was nutritional disorders.

This study aims to determine the level of financial literacy and the level of financial inclusion of Gojek drivers who use online loans in Malang City. As well as knowing financial literacy and inclusion as an effort to improve welfare. This study uses a phenomenological approach with the assumption of a constructivist philosophy. This study also uses a qualitative descriptive approach which is a method based on post-positivism philosophy. The instrument used uses a survey with 100 Gojek driver participants in Malang City. The results of the study show that the literacy of Gojek drivers in Malang City is measured at a level of 67.92% which indicates a moderate level with only 7% having a high literacy level. Meanwhile, the inclusion level of Gojek drivers in Malang City is measured at a level of 66.83%. There is a gap of 19.7% with the average inclusion rate in Malang City. It also shows that only 7% have a high level of financial inclusion. There are 2% of Gojek drivers in Malang City, each of whom has a high level of financial literacy and inclusion. Other results show that 88% are declared prosperous under the UMR category, and 84% are also declared prosperous by calculating the income exchange rate. Subjectively, 91% are categorized as prosperous with the highest indicator being family harmony at 73%. Followed by a good living environment by 60%. However, housing and asset indicators are considered low at only 37%.  

This article has the aims and objectives to be obtained, namely to find out and analyze the importance of the existence of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) on internet sites, and how forms of regulation based on positive law in Indonesia. This study uses a normative legal research method with a statutory approach, the data sources used are primary data and secondary data. The results of the research have shown that the existence of IPR on internet sites has basic values ​​and objectives, namely as legal protection for creators owned by individuals or groups. for his hard work in making copyrighted works with economic value contained therein and Anticipating and also preventing violations of IPR belonging to other people, HKI is also currently regulated in various legal constructions that apply in Indonesia, such as Law Number 28 Year 2014 concerning Copyright, Law no. 15 of 2001 concerning Marks and other implementing regulations. With the objectives and construction of the applicable law, it is actually important for the government to continue to optimize and review the application of the law periodically in order to prevent IPR violations on internet sites carried out by cybercrimes.

Criminal provisions in a statutory regulation are certain doses or remedies as a means of achieving the formulated goals. The purpose of this article is to examine and analyze the inconsistency of the material content of the criminal provisions against the formulation of the objectives of legal certainty in the Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 3 of 2020 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining. The research method uses a normative juridical method. Secondary data in the form of primary legal data on laws and regulations related to the criminal provisions of the Minerba Law is elaborated so that the adequacy of the content of the criminal provisions is able to test the clarity of the objectives of legal certainty. The results found that there were inconsistencies in criminal provisions as a means of achieving goals in the formulation of guaranteeing legal certainty. The application of Article 162 of the Mineral and Coal Law is subjective and tends to criminalize members of the community around mineral and coal mining. This fact proves that the objective of legal certainty is objective, ambiguous with subjective criminal means. The main article of criminal provisions in the Minerba Law is Article 158 which is systematically constructed with Article 35. Basically, the criminal provisions are used as the legal regime for licensing in the strategies and techniques of government control and control in the mineral and coal sector.