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Low back pain (LBP) in Indonesia is a musculoskeletal complaint in the lumbar segment of the spine. One of the factors that influence complaints of low back pain (LBP) is work factors such as work position, work period, workplace design and body posture as well as body movement factors. Repetitive work, inefficient use of energy, long hours of work, unergonomic work positions and heavy workloads cause the incidence of LBP to increase. Therefore, it is necessary to increase insight into LBP as a promotive and preventive effort in reducing LBP symptoms. The methods used are counseling and leaflets as output results. There is a difference in understanding from the community and fishermen that after participating in this outreach activity, those who previously did not understand LBP disorders now understand more about what it is, the signs and symptoms, causes, intervention and prevention of LBP.

Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages gives broad authority to villages to regulate and manage the various needs and interests of the community. Village government officials are required to have the capacity to draft regulations in the village. However, the facts show that the capacity of the village government apparatus is still weak in forming regulations in the village, especially the preparation of evidence-based village regulations. This fact also occurred in Maros Regency, especially in Moncongloe District. This phenomenon underlies the importance of conducting training for village apparatus in drafting regulations in the village. This technical guidance was carried out for 8 hours in the Hall of the Moncongloe District Office and was attended by 30 people and facilitated by a team of lecturers from the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Hasanuddin University. To find out the effectiveness of this training, a pre-test evaluation was carried out at the beginning and a post-test at the end of the training. The results of the evaluation showed that there was an effect of the training on the participants, namely increasing their knowledge of evidence-based technical regulations in villages.

Public street lighting, also known as street lighting, refers to the outdoor lighting systems used to illuminate public roads. An effective street lighting system plays a crucial role in enhancing safety and security for pedestrians, cyclists, and motorists by providing improved visibility of the road and surrounding terrain during nighttime hours.  The primary focus in street lighting planning is on economic factors. An analysis of light sources has highlighted the economic advantages of utilizing light emitting diodes for public street lighting. This choice proves to be more efficient when implemented in a sustainable manner. The installation of public street lighting can be the optimal solution to address the issue of inadequate lighting in the village of Pedurenan Gunung Sindur Bogor, ensuring enhanced comfort and security during nighttime activities. The lighting installation process commences with a thorough examination of the site, followed by diligently arranging and design of the electrical installations for the lighting system. Finally, the planned design was carried out and implemented. The implementation of public street lighting is a collaborative effort between college students and youth residents in the village. The outcome of this community service initiative is the implementation of public street lighting installations that offer optimal illumination, ensuring the convenience and safety for all people accessing the roads.

Managing IPR ownership of copyrighted products is very urgent to do. IPR is a form of legal protection, valuable assets, and the economic value contained therein for individuals and groups. Apart from that, it can increase competitiveness and expand market share in aspects of commercialized intellectual property. The aim of this PKM activity is to increase the understanding of KRENOVA Jombang District participants about the importance of IPR and at the same time provide assistance in managing IPR. This activity uses several service stages, namely activity preparation, PKM team coordination, implementation, and collecting and proposing IPR files. This activity resulted in the issuance of IPR certificates for participants and increased participants' understanding of IPR.

This research aims to improve students' speaking skills through group discussion-based learning media in class I UPTD SDN 145 Inpres Pampangan. This research is Classroom Action Research, the subject of this research is class 1 consisting of 23 students, of which the total number of students is 11 girls and 12 boys. The implementation of P2K is carried out in 2 cycles, each cycle lasts for 2 teaching and learning process meetings and every second meeting there is a learning evaluation results test. This research was carried out in the Teaching Profession Strengthening (P2K) activities which started on October 4-November 13 in the 2023/2024 academic year. The results of the research show that during the learning process there is a change in students' attitudes during the learning process in accordance with the results of observations, namely by implementing the Talking Stick type cooperative learning model assisted by picture media, it can increase students' self-confidence to ask both the teacher and their friends about material they don't know. understandable and can increase student attendance. So, Talking Stick type cooperative learning assisted by picture media in thematic learning is suitable for use in this class. This can be seen from the increase in learning outcomes for class 1 students at UPTD SDN 145 Inpres Pampangan after improving speaking skills for class 1 students through group discussion-based learning media.    

Educational institutions must be able to analyze the needs of the community. This study analyzes the management of digital public relations in building a positive image of madrasas implemented at MTs Az-Zainiyah I Randumerak. A qualitative approach and type of case study research used in this study. In collecting research data using several techniques, namely participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. The research data consists of primary and secondary data, where primary data is obtained from research informants consisting of the head of the madrasah, the head of public relations, the head of administration, teachers. Meanwhile, primary data consists of national and international journals. The data analysis used consists of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The management of digital public relations in building a positive image of madrasah is carried out by involving public relations management functions consisting of planning, implementation, and control. The implementation of digital public relations only uses the Facebook platform in communicating with the community. The madrasah strategy in building a positive image is carried out starting with building opinions to marketing education.

Communication space in social life is increasingly limited because we rarely see other people, and everyone will become individualist and less socially sensitive. There needs to be strengthening through sociodrama-based PPKn learning on diversity material to strengthen the sense of unity and unity between.. The purpose of this Classroom Action Research (PTK) is to improve learning outcomes on Indonesian diversity material with the sociodrama method of grade VII-E students in the even semester of the 2022/2023 academic year at SMP Negeri 40 Surabaya. The subject of research is students. Data collection using test and non-test techniques. The data analysis technique uses qualitative data analysis and quantitative data analysis. The results showed that there was an increase in learning outcomes on average 59.5 in the first cycle to 77.3 in the second cycle. For the highest value of 79 in the first cycle to 90 in the second cycle. As well as the value in the first cycle 30 in the first cycle to 62 in the second cycle. The sociodrama method can improve PPKn learning outcomes in Indonesian diversity material for grade VII-E students in the 2022/2023 academic year at SMP Negeri 40 Surabaya.

This study delves into the intricacies of the Maritime Education and Training (MET) program at the Maritime Institute Jakarta (STIP Jakarta), focusing on Semester 3 cadets. Adopting a qualitative and descriptive research approach, the research aims to elucidate the perspectives of 240 cadets through the lens of academic self-checked intelligence, professional competences, motivations, and their interconnections. The findings reveal diverse self-checked intelligence profiles across Nautical, Technical, and Port and Shipping Management majors, necessitating a nuanced curriculum tailored to their distinct strengths. English communication emerges as a pivotal professional competence, urging a strategic enhancement of language instruction to equip cadets for effective communication in the global maritime community. Motivations driving cadet dedication encompass familial legacies, a love for the sea, and the pursuit of international exposure. Recognising and nurturing these intrinsic motivators emerges as a crucial element for sustaining cadet engagement. The positive correlation between self-checked intelligence and professional competences underscores the importance of tailored support mechanisms, prompting recommendations for mentorship programs and supplementary resources. Implications for STIP Jakarta include the need for continuous quality improvement through periodic curriculum reviews, fostering a holistic approach that combines technical proficiency with soft skills. The research contributes to the discourse on maritime education, offering a roadmap for institutions to navigate industry dynamics and diverse cadet needs. The findings, discussions, and recommendations collectively enrich the understanding of Semester 3 cadet perspectives, offering actionable insights for educators, administrators, and policymakers to refine and elevate maritime education at STIP Jakarta.

The aim of this research is to determine the results of the analysis of energy expenditure when pedaling on the uphill route of the bicycle racing branch. The research method used in this research is a correlational description with a population of ten cycling athletes. Sampling used a total sampling technique, where the entire population was used as a research sample, namely there were ten samples. The instrument in this research is to measure energy using VO2 Max, while to measure bicycle pedaling skills using a cycle dynamic instrument. The results of this research are that there is a correlation from the energy analysis when pedaling on the uphill route of the bicycle racing sport.  

The problem in this research is analyzing the semiotic symbols in the traditional house buildings of the Simalungun tribe. The type of research used is a qualitative descriptive research method. Qualitative research has a special position that makes the researcher the key instrument. Data collection techniques are the most strategic step in research, because the main aim of research is to obtain data. Data collection techniques in this research are listening techniques and note-taking techniques. Data analysis techniques are the process of systematically searching and compiling the data obtained by organizing the data into categories, breaking it down into units, synthesizing it, arranging it into patterns, selecting the important meanings that will be studied, and making conclusions so that it is easy. understood. The results of research on the traditional house buildings of the Simalungun tribe show that there are many symbols found in the traditional house buildings of the Simalungun tribe.

The problem in this research is analyzing the semiotic symbols in the traditional house buildings of the Simalungun tribe. The type of research used is a qualitative descriptive research method. Qualitative research has a special position that makes the researcher the key instrument. Data collection techniques are the most strategic step in research, because the main aim of research is to obtain data. Data collection techniques in this research are listening techniques and note-taking techniques. Data analysis techniques are the process of systematically searching and compiling the data obtained by organizing the data into categories, breaking it down into units, synthesizing it, arranging it into patterns, selecting the important meanings that will be studied, and making conclusions so that it is easy. understood. The results of research on the traditional house buildings of the Simalungun tribe show that there are many symbols found in the traditional house buildings of the Simalungun tribe.

The "Kolak Ayam" tradition in Gumeno Village is a typical cultural celebration carried out by the village community during the month of Ramadan. This tradition has historical origins close to the reign of King Sunan Dalem of the Giri Kedaton Kingdom and important events that occurred at that time. This tradition begins with the story of Sunan Dalem who fell seriously ill while building a mosque in his village. Through instructions in his dream, Sunan Dalem and the village community created a special food called "Kolak Ayam". Sunan Dalem recovered from his illness after eating this dish, and the tradition became a symbol of healing and celebration for the Gumeno people. This research aims to find out how people believe "Kolak Ayam" can cure diseases. This data collection technique uses interview techniques, observation and literature study. The results of research show that until now "Kolak Ayam" (Sanggring) is believed to be able to cure diseases. People believe that "Kolak Ayam" can cure diseases, this is caused by two things, the first is from the ingredients used to make "Kolak Ayam" which has many benefits, the second comes from Sunan Dalem's blessing and this belief is because in the past Sunan Dalem was cured by eating "Kolak Ayam ", people believed that "chicken compote" could cure the disease.    

Batik is one of Indonesia's traditional handicrafts which has high popularity and is a cultural heritage. Until now, batik has developed motifs taken from typical regional icons. One of them is splashed batik made by people with disabilities at the Sheltered Workshop Peduli Sambung Roso which is located in Desa Simbatan , Kabupaten Magetan. Splashed batik is a motif produced from brush splashes. The innovative idea of ​​splash batik was collaborated with cursed fish and bamboo motifs. Cursed fish is a typical icon of Simbatan Village and bamboo is a typical icon of Magetan Regency. The research methods carried out started from exploration, design and realization of the cursed fish and bamboo batik motif entitled "Harmony of Cursed Fish and Bamboo Splashes." The results of this research patented the Harmoni Sprinkling of Cursed Fish and Bamboo motif as a typical motif of Magetan Regency by submitting an IPR application to obtain legal protection from misuse or falsification of intellectual works by other parties.

This research discusses the role of mediation models in handling conflicts between students in the school environment. Conflict between students can affect their academic and social well-being, as well as the overall climate at school. The mediation model has been identified as a potential approach to resolve such conflicts in a constructive and inclusive manner. This research involves implementing a mediation model in a school as a conflict resolution strategy. This research aims to find out how the mediation model is implemented in managing student conflicts at SMP Plus Darus Sholah Jember. This research was conducted through a qualitative descriptive approach using interview instruments, documentation and literature study. The subjects of this research were the principal and students at SMP Plus Darus Sholah Jember. The results of the research show that conflicts between students that often occur are truancy, dating, violence and bullying. The results of the mediation services carried out by the school show that there is student awareness, an attitude of peace, and the re-establishment of harmonious relationships between students and parents. The mediation service provided by the school can be said to be effective, because all parties starting from students, teachers, homeroom teachers, guidance counselors, parents and school principals participate in conflict resolution.

This research aims to describe learning through the flipped classroom model on Indonesian language lesson content in grade VI elementary schools at SD Negeri Sendangsari. The type of research in this research is descriptive qualitative. The research subjects were 17 class VI students in the 2023/2024 academic year. Research data was obtained through questionnaires, observation, and documentation. Questionnaires were given to students to see data on students' responses to Flipped classroom learning, observations were carried out to see the implementation of Flipped classroom learning, and documentation studies were carried out to examine students' values in learning. The data analysis used in this research is triangulation. The results of the research showed that the implementation of Indonesian language learning activities in class VI of SD Negeri Sendangsari ran smoothly. Educators carry out learning activities in the planned steps. Most students get scores above the KKM or complete. Learning with the Flipped classroom model can be well received by students so that students can get grades above the KKM after learning through the Flipped classroom model. Most students are enthusiastic about participating in learning using the Flipped classroom model.  

This research was conducted based on the low reading culture of class VI students being a serious symptom for the continuity of learning in the classroom. Improving reading culture in students must be nurtured and nurtured from an early age and is a continuous process so that their reading culture grows and develops by utilizing reading corners. The aim of this research is to determine the increase in reading culture of class VI students by using a reading corner. The type of research used in this research is descriptive qualitative with research methods in the form of observation and literature study. The research subjects were class VI students and the research object was the use of reading corners. The aim of using a reading corner is to stimulate students to be more fond of reading, to bring books closer to students, at any time students can read books without having to visit the library, as part of learning activities, to condition the class so that it is not noisy, to support independent learning activities, to provide opportunities to students to improve reading culture, develop thinking power, and enrich students' learning experiences.    

This research aims to describe learning through the flipped classroom model on Indonesian language lesson content in grade VI elementary schools at SD Negeri Sendangsari. The type of research in this research is descriptive qualitative. The research subjects were 17 class VI students in the 2023/2024 academic year. Research data was obtained through questionnaires, observation, and documentation. Questionnaires were given to students to see data on students' responses to Flipped classroom learning, observations were carried out to see the implementation of Flipped classroom learning, and documentation studies were carried out to examine students' values in learning. The data analysis used in this research is triangulation. The results of the research showed that the implementation of Indonesian language learning activities in class VI of SD Negeri Sendangsari ran smoothly. Educators carry out learning activities in the planned steps. Most students get scores above the KKM or complete. Learning with the Flipped classroom model can be well received by students so that students can get grades above the KKM after learning through the Flipped classroom model. Most students are enthusiastic about participating in learning using the Flipped classroom model.  

This research was conducted based on the low reading culture of class VI students being a serious symptom for the continuity of learning in the classroom. Improving reading culture in students must be nurtured and nurtured from an early age and is a continuous process so that their reading culture grows and develops by utilizing reading corners. The aim of this research is to determine the increase in reading culture of class VI students by using a reading corner. The type of research used in this research is descriptive qualitative with research methods in the form of observation and literature study. The research subjects were class VI students and the research object was the use of reading corners. The aim of using a reading corner is to stimulate students to be more fond of reading, to bring books closer to students, at any time students can read books without having to visit the library, as part of learning activities, to condition the class so that it is not noisy, to support independent learning activities, to provide opportunities to students to improve reading culture, develop thinking power, and enrich students' learning experiences.    

This community service program is carried out in the Ngunut area, Tulungagung Regency, with activity partner ONC. The problems faced include economic growth and technological developments emphasizing the need for ONC to remain competitive and sustainable. Tight competition in the local market, the need for updated technological knowledge, and business sustainability challenges are the main focus. Solutions carried out through the latest training provide a solid foundation for their self-development. Strategic collaboration with activity partners and analysis of new business opportunities are the foundation for developing business models that are not only innovative but also sustainable. Technology enablement and implementation of digital marketing strategies were key steps in improving ONC's operational efficiency and increasing their visibility in the tight local market. outreach on business sustainability provides better understanding for ONC members, helping them reduce environmental impacts and increase resource efficiency. As an integral part of this program, monitoring and evaluation are carried out strictly to measure the impact of each step taken. Thus, the community service program not only provides an immediate solution to the challenges ONC faces, but also forms the basis for long-term investment, supporting the growth and sustainability of their business in the future.

Based on the research results, it can be concluded that (1) Implementation of Classroom Management in Improving the Effectiveness of Student Learning in Class IV SD Negeri 0119 Banjar Raja has taken place effectively, and can increase the effectiveness of student learning. It can be known based on the teacher's strategy in preparing various things needed for the teaching and learning process, for example teaching media, learning tools, and preparation of lesson plans. Besides that, the teacher's strategy for opening lessons is by giving encouragement to their students' learning enthusiasm. (2) Factors supporting and inhibiting the implementation of classroom management in increasing the effectiveness of student learning in class IV SD Negeri 0119 Banjar Raja. These supporting elements include adequate infrastructure, qualified homeroom teachers and experts in their profession, strategic location, safe, surrounding environment clean classrooms, and the interaction of the homeroom teacher with the surrounding environment. The obstacle is the diversity of students' characteristics, such as the presence of students who fight, do not carry out pickets.