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This study examines the importance of educating the community about access to proper sanitation facilities, especially toilets, in Kendal Regency. This study explores the effectiveness of public service advertisements (PSAs), especially posters, in raising awareness about sanitation. Using a qualitative research approach, this study combines data collection methods such as interviews, observations, and literature studies to design this PSA campaign. The analysis was conducted using Robin Landa's design process approach with the stages of orientation, analysis, concept, design, and implementation. This study emphasizes the importance of an educational approach that is tailored to local social and cultural conditions to address sanitation problems. The findings of the study indicate that public service advertisements through posters are an effective tool for changing community behavior and creating a healthier environment by promoting good sanitation habits. This study concludes that continued efforts are needed to strengthen the reach and impact of sanitation awareness campaigns, by involving relevant parties, such as local governments, health facilities, and community leaders, to ensure widespread adoption of better sanitation practices. This study contributes to efforts to improve sanitation in rural areas by proposing practical solutions for effective public education campaigns.

The study looks at fiscal federalism, which is the distribution of resources between federating entities so that they can carry out their constitutional duties. The goal of this study was to identify the fundamental imperatives of fiscal federalism for the advancement of the country. In Nigeria's new democratic environment, the relative roles of the federal government, state governments, and local government authority (LGAs) in providing public services have become one of the most crucial subjects of candid and heated discussion. Federalism, fiscal federalism, and development were conceptually explained from the outset, and it became clear that the principles of fiscal autonomy and integrity are critical to the survival and ongoing existence of a properly federating form of government. In order to ascertain how the federal arrangements affect the provision of basic services in four crucial areas, the analysis will make use of fieldwork conducted in six states and twelve LGAs. primary health care, primary education, clean water and sanitation, and local roads that connect communities to marketplaces, schools, and medical facilities. The paper, which was based on Buchan Fiscal Residuum Theory, attempted to accomplish the study's goal by balancing the value of the public services returned to individuals with the payments paid. According to the article, the conflicting problems and difficulties of fiscal federalism may manifest as a misalignment between the functions of the different levels of government and the sources of money. According to the paper's conclusion and recommendations, it is important to make sure that revenue allocation encourages state and local governments to increase internal revenue generation rather than relying only on funding from In order to clearly define the duties to be carried out by each level of government, the federation account and intergovernmental relations issues should be examined and respected.

A healthy latrine is one of the essential sanitation facilities aimed at maintaining environmental health and improving public health in general. This research was conducted because the use of healthy latrines in Webetun Village remains low, where defecating in the forest has become a common practice among the community. This habit triggers the emergence of diseases such as diarrhea, malnutrition, undernutrition, dengue fever, and respiratory infections. This study aims to examine the behavior of latrine use in households in Webetun Village, Rinhat Subdistrict, Malaka Regency. This research uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The study involved 66 housewives who owned healthy latrines, selected through simple random sampling. Data analysis was conducted using the chi-square test. The results showed that variables such as latrine ownership (p=0.000) and water availability (p=0.000) were significantly associated with latrine use, while knowledge (p=0.681), attitude (p=0.588), actions (p=0.007), community leader support (p=0.081), and health worker support (p=0.069) were not significantly associated with latrine use. The findings revealed that water availability significantly influences latrine use. The availability of water facilitates family members in utilizing latrine facilities for activities such as flushing and maintaining cleanliness. Water availability also contributes to user comfort in maintaining latrine hygiene. Conversely, water scarcity hinders optimal latrine use by family members, potentially reducing utilization levels. The study findings also identified a correlation between latrine ownership and its use. Families are considered critical factors in shaping individual health behavior. The relationship between proper latrine ownership and usage behavior can be seen through the role of education in increasing awareness levels for adopting a healthy and clean lifestyle. 

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the main challenges in the health sector in Indonesia, with a fairly high number of cases each year. This study aims to analyze the distribution of TB cases based on occupation and identify community groups that are at higher risk of spreading this disease. The data used in this study were obtained from estimates of the 2022 TB epidemiology report. The results of the analysis show that informal workers, such as laborers and traders, are the group with the highest number of TB cases, at 36.0%. This is followed by formal workers (21.6%), farmers/fishermen (17.3%), housewives (14.4%), students (6.5%), and unemployed or retired groups (4.2%). The high prevalence of TB in informal workers is caused by several factors, including an unhygienic work environment, limited access to health services, and unhealthy lifestyles. Based on these findings, a more effective strategy is needed in efforts to prevent and control TB, especially for groups with high levels of vulnerability. Health education, increasing access to health services, improving work environment sanitation, and early detection programs are important steps in reducing the spread of TB. With the right intervention, it is hoped that the number of TB cases in Indonesia can be reduced significantly.

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Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that is influenced by various factors, such as socio-economic conditions, the mother's nutritional status during pregnancy, and lack of nutritional intake for babies. One of the main causes of stunting is inadequate nutrition. Health education related to stunting prevention (scoring) plays a significant role in increasing teenagers' knowledge and attitudes to prevent stunting, ensuring nutritious food intake, and promoting clean lifestyles by maintaining environmental sanitation and cleanliness to address the stunting issue. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the stunting risk alert health education package (scoring) on adolescents' knowledge and attitudes in preventing stunting in SMA Negeri 1 Mranggen. Method: This research used a quasi-experimental method with a control group using a pre-test, intervention, post-test design. The sample consisted of teenagers from SMA Negeri 1 Mranggen, with a total of 48 respondents who were divided into a control group and an intervention group using simple random sampling. Data were obtained by having the respondents complete a questionnaire before and after the intervention, and then analyzed using bivariate and univariate sample tests. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test in the level of adolescent knowledge about stunting disease and adolescents' attitudes toward stunting before and after the intervention. There was also a noticeable difference between the intervention group and the control group. Conclusion: The stunting risk alert health education package (scoring) has a significant effect on adolescents' knowledge and attitudes in preventing stunting.

Training Posyandu cadres is one of the strategic steps in increasing the capacity of human resources at the community level to support public health programmes. Clean and Healthy Living Behaviour (PHBS) is one of the efforts that can be done in increasing awareness of clean living and maintaining the health of the community. Hand sanitizer is only used as an alternative when there is no water or soap when travelling or doing activities outside the home. This article aims to improve the understanding of adolescents and posyandu cadres about phbs and hand sanitizer as a substitute for hand washing for disease prevention. The results of the activity showed that counselling on sanitation and environmental hygiene and the provision of hand sanitisers had a positive impact on increasing public awareness, especially posyandu cadres and adolescents in preventing the spread of diseases.

Sanitation is part of environmental health science which includes the methods and efforts of individuals or communities to control and manage the external environment which is dangerous to health and which can threaten human survival. Meanwhile, basic sanitation is the minimum sanitation required to provide a healthy environment that meets health requirements which focuses on monitoring various environmental factors that influence human health. Basic sanitation efforts include providing clean water, disposal of human waste (latrines), waste management (trash cans) and waste water disposal channels (SPAL). Through a preliminary survey conducted at the Sahabat Yatim Dormitory Orphanage and from interviews conducted by the community service team, it was discovered that several children at the Sahabat Yatim Dormitory orphanage had a fairly high history of dengue fever sufferers and there were still many conditions in the orphanage that did not meet health requirements. Thus, there is still the possibility of problems related to environmental sanitation and eradicating mosquito nests (PSN) at the Pekanbaru Orphanage Friends Dormitory orphanage. The aim of this activity is to increase the knowledge of children in orphanages about environmental sanitation and eradicating mosquito nests.This community service was carried out at the Sahabat Yatim Dormitory Orphanage on June 29 2022. The method used was health education through group counseling. The result of this community service is to increase the knowledge of children in foster care about environmental sanitation and making compost.

This study aims to analyze the service quality at Ketapang Urban Aquaculture (KUA), a mangrove ecotourism area in Tangerang Regency, using the Servqual theory encompassing five dimensions: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. This qualitative research utilized primary data from in-depth interviews with KUA management and secondary data from relevant literature. The findings indicate that physical facilities, such as trekking paths and informative signs, enhance visitor comfort. Educational programs run on schedule, and the complaint system effectively addresses visitor concerns. Friendly and well-trained staff provide a sense of safety and a positive tourism experience. However, challenges remain in optimizing sanitation facilities and digital promotion. The study concludes that KUA's service quality meets expectations, supporting sustainable ecotourism.

This study aims to analyze the service quality at Ketapang Urban Aquaculture (KUA), a mangrove ecotourism area in Tangerang Regency, using the Servqual theory encompassing five dimensions: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. This qualitative research utilized primary data from in-depth interviews with KUA management and secondary data from relevant literature. The findings indicate that physical facilities, such as trekking paths and informative signs, enhance visitor comfort. Educational programs run on schedule, and the complaint system effectively addresses visitor concerns. Friendly and well-trained staff provide a sense of safety and a positive tourism experience. However, challenges remain in optimizing sanitation facilities and digital promotion. The study concludes that KUA's service quality meets expectations, supporting sustainable ecotourism.

This study aims to measure the effectiveness of nutrition counseling in improving community understanding of stunting prevention in Semalang Hamlet, Kaloran Village. The research method uses a qualitative approach, qualitative data obtained through in-depth interviews.  This qualitative research was conducted on 21 mothers and children in Semalang Hamlet. The results of the interviews showed a significant increase in participants' understanding of the importance of exclusive breastfeeding, complementary feeding, and sanitation. However, there are still obstacles in implementing infant feeding practices, especially in determining the right portion to meet children's nutritional needs. Factors such as limited knowledge about balanced nutrition and lack of access to nutritious food were the main barriers. This study concludes that nutrition counseling is a good first step, but needs to be combined with more comprehensive interventions, such as cooking demonstrations, home visits, and availability of nutritious food at the community level.

This study discusses the optimization of sanitation and environmental cleanliness in realizing a Healthy and Prosperous Village in Saringembat Village through a collaborative approach and community education. This program is based on the SDGs point of Healthy and Prosperous Villages, with a focus on the importance of clean environmental conditions and good sanitation as the foundation for public health. The methods used include surveys of locations for illegal waste disposal, interviews, and focus group discussions (FGD) with the Head of the Village Consultation Agency (BPD) and local waste bank managers. The survey results show five main waste disposal points that became the primary focus of the program. Collaboration with village officials resulted in full support in the form of drafting a village regulation on cleanliness and the installation of CCTV to prevent illegal waste disposal. The program also involved community service activities starting from Sawir Hamlet, Krajan Hamlet, and Demaan Hamlet, with active community participation and direct coordination from the hamlet heads. The implementation of the program proved to increase residents' awareness of the importance of sanitation, reduce the risk of infectious diseases, and create a healthier environment. The role of students as activity initiators was appreciated for their ability to revive the gotong royong (mutual cooperation) culture, which had been abandoned.

The number of infectious diseases is still very high in Indonesia. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that around 2 billion people worldwide suffer from parasitic worms, which are most common in tropical and subtropical areas and areas with poor sanitation. The number of schoolchildren infected with worms in Europe is estimated at more than 4 million, with the highest prevalence in Central and South Asian countries. In general, the prevalence of worms in Indonesia is still high, ranging between 2.5% and 62%. This high prevalence is due to the fact that Indonesia is a country with a tropical and humid climate. The aim of this activity is to increase parents' knowledge regarding preventing worms in children. Socialization methods in the form of lectures and questions and answers are used in this activity using leaflets as media. Activity Results: Respondents were very enthusiastic about the material presented and there were several respondents who asked questions. The conclusion of this educational activity was successfully carried out to increase parents' knowledge and awareness regarding preventing worms in children.

Pesticides are used to control pests in farming and plantations, so that agricultural and plantation production can increase. However, the use of pesticides can have a negative impact on the environment and the health of farmers. In fact, it causes poisoning and disease, both acutely and chronically. Farmers are the main work that the community is engaged in in Borisallo Village, Parangloe District, Gowa Regency and is a PKM partner and is a UMI Assisted Village. PKM activities are: (1) Counseling on negative impacts on health due to the use of pesticides, (2) Sanitary inspections and inspection of pesticide content in clean water sources such as wells, (3) Provision of PPE in the form of masks and gloves in spraying pesticides on farmers in Borisallo Village. This activity is funded by the UMI Waqf Foundation. The results of the implementation of PKM (1) Health counseling due to the use of pesticides on farmers in Borisallo Village, (2) Then continued with  sanitary inspections and examination of pesticide content in clean water sources such as wells (3) Ended with the provision of PPE in the form of masks and gloves that can be used when spraying pesticides on farmers. It is recommended to have regular health checks on farmers, regular inspections of clean water sources, and technical guidance on how to manage and spray pesticides safely and healthily.

Clean water is a fundamental necessity for public health, as water contamination can lead to various health problems, such as gastrointestinal infections, skin diseases, and other health issues. Screening for water contamination by Escherichia coli bacteria and Corynebacterium spp. is essential to ensure water quality remains safe. This community service activity was conducted in the Duri Kosambi area, focusing on education and water quality testing. The program included planning educational sessions on the risks of water contamination, implementing screenings using colony-forming unit (CFU) parameters to detect Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium spp., and evaluating results to provide preventive recommendations. The findings revealed variations in contamination levels across locations, with some meeting cleanliness standards, while others, such as B04, showed extreme contamination. This activity highlights the importance of community education, regular water quality monitoring, and water treatment to prevent health risks. Collaboration among communities, governments, and health organizations is crucial to maintaining sustainable access to high-quality clean water.

The aim of this activity is to provide understanding to buffalo breeders regarding the importance of implementing biosecurity in preventing disease transmission in livestock, increase breeders' awareness of biosecurity measures that must be taken in the livestock environment, and equip breeders with practical knowledge about ways to prevent disease through implementation of biosecurity. This activity was carried out using an outreach method involving the community and the Head of Syota Hamlet and his staff. The methods used in this activity are: Material Presentation and Interactive Discussion. Some common biosecurity applications are access control, animal movement control, cleanliness and sanitation, waste management, health monitoring and vaccination. This socialization activity was successfully attended by around 35 people in the program target area. Most breeders showed an increased understanding of the importance of implementing biosecurity after following the socialization. Farmers claim to be ready to implement biosecurity measures such as quarantining new livestock, managing livestock waste, and providing good sanitation in the livestock environment. Some farmers also asked for further assistance regarding more specific biosecurity implementation, such as how to properly vaccinate livestock. In this socialization, several biosecurity measures were emphasized to be applied to buffalo livestock, including: quarantine of new livestock, cleanliness of pens and the environment, prevention through vaccination, waste management, protection of workers and visitors.

To improve public health, the problem of providing clean water must be a top priority. Since water is essential for all living things, water is also very important. It requires the availability of healthy water, which includes monitoring and regulating water quality to meet human needs and life. The goal is to ensure that everyone has access to healthy drinking and clean water. Target. The aim of this research is to find out whether there are coliforms and fecal coliforms in the drilled well located on Rt 28/Rw 007, Baguala District, Ambon City. Methodology. This research is classified as descriptive research. The 6 water samples used were taken at Rt 28/Rw 007 Baguala District, Ambon City. The total population in this research is six drilled wells. All drilled well water was taken at 1 Rt/Rw and used as the resulting sample. The research results showed that fecal coliform and coli bacteria were found in drilled well water at Rt 28/Rw 007 Waiheru Perumnas Village, Baguala District, Ambon City; three drilled well water was positive for coliform bacteria, and one drilled well water was negative. Five positive borehole water also had negative coliform bacteria. Decision: According to the Republic of Indonesia Minister of Health Regulation number 32 of 2017 concerning environmental health quality standards and water health requirements for sanitation hygiene purposes, swimming pools, aqua solutions and public baths, the number of coliform bacteria is 1 and the number of coliforms is 3.

Hygiene and health education has an important role in supporting quality services in the tourism sector. With increasing awareness of the importance of sanitation and health, tourists are now more likely to choose destinations that prioritize cleanliness as part of their experience. This research aims to analyze the influence of hygiene and health education on service quality in the tourism sector, both from the perspective of industry players and tourists. The method used is literature study and interviews with tourism business actors in various regions. The research results show that consistent implementation of hygiene education can increase tourist confidence, create a safe and comfortable experience, and increase the competitiveness of tourist destinations. Therefore, integrating hygiene and health education programs into tourism management is a strategic step to support the sustainability of this industry.    

Access to adequate sanitation services and safe drinking water is a fundamental need that influences public health and sustainable development. This study analyzes the percentage of households in Gorontalo Utara Regency with access to adequate sanitation and safe drinking water from 2021 to 2023, linking it to WHO health standards. The results show an increase in access to adequate sanitation from 79.03% in 2021 to 81.80% in 2022, although there was a slight decline to 81.37% in 2023. Meanwhile, access to safe drinking water showed a more positive trend, rising from 86.23% in 2021 to 90.14% in 2023. This improvement reflects the success of government programs in enhancing basic infrastructure and raising community awareness. However, challenges remain in reaching approximately 10% of households still lacking access, particularly in remote areas. According to WHO, access to adequate sanitation and safe drinking water significantly reduces the risk of waterborne diseases such as diarrhea, cholera, and typhoid. This study highlights the importance of sustainable approaches to improving service coverage, such as developing inclusive infrastructure, educating communities on the importance of clean and healthy living behaviors, and strengthening the role of local institutions. In conclusion, although Gorontalo Utara has made significant progress, sustained efforts are needed to achieve universal access to sanitation and safe drinking water, as mandated by the SDGs.

This study aims to examine the strategies implemented by the Regional Drinking Water Company (PDAM) in providing adequate clean water and sanitation services in Labuan Bajo Village, Komodo District, West Manggarai Regency. The results indicate that PDAM possesses several strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in carrying out its functions. The main strengths of PDAM include an extensive distribution network, strong regulatory support, adequate technical capacity, stable availability of raw water, and responsive services. However, its weaknesses include aging infrastructure, limitations in human resource management, financial constraints, the long distance of raw water sources from the distribution center, and frequent service disruptions. The opportunities that PDAM can leverage include regulatory support from the government, increased public awareness of the importance of clean water, the implementation of innovative projects, partnerships with the private sector, and the adoption of modern technology. On the other hand, threats faced by PDAM include the impact of climate change on raw water availability, limited water resources, suboptimal human resource management, and issues with cash flow and long-term funding.By understanding these factors, PDAM can formulate more effective strategies to enhance its performance and provide better clean water and sanitation services. Several recommendations are proposed, including infrastructure revitalization, improved staff training and development, diversification of funding sources, adoption of innovative technologies, and strengthening collaboration with external partners. Implementing these recommendations is expected to support the sustainability of PDAM Labuan Bajo's services in meeting the community's needs for clean water and sanitation in the region.