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The area and distance between buildings at POLINELA Campus make the presence of adequate connector roads an important necessity to support the mobility of the academic community. This study aims to optimize the scheduling of flexible pavement construction for the POLINELA Connector Road using the Critical Path Method (CPM) based on Microsoft Project 2021. The research method used is descriptive quantitative by processing the Budget Plan (RAB) data into a project schedule consisting of 11 main activities. CPM analysis is used to determine the sequence of work, dependencies between activities, the critical path, and project completion time. The results show that the total project duration is 23 calendar days (May 11–June 6, 2026). CPM analysis identified 10 activities on the critical path with zero float, while embankment work is a non-critical activity with time flexibility. Applying a Start-to-Start (SS) relationship with a 3-day lag between excavation and embankment work allows parallel implementation, reducing the project duration by 4 days (14.8%) compared to the conventional Finish-to-Start (FS) scenario. These results indicate that implementing CPM through Microsoft Project 2021 can increase execution time efficiency, simplify schedule control, and support decision-making in road construction project management.

Project scheduling is a critical aspect of ensuring the successful implementation of construction projects, particularly bridge projects that involve a high degree of complexity. Poor schedule quality may result in project delays, inaccurate critical path identification, and inadequate project control. This study aims to evaluate the schedule quality of a pile slab bridge project using the Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA) 14-Point Schedule Assessment method, supported by Oracle Primavera P6 software. The study employed a quantitative descriptive method with a case study approach applied to an existing baseline schedule. The assessment results indicate that several parameters have satisfied the DCMA standards, including relationship type, hard constraints, soft constraints, negative float, large duration, and invalid progress. Conversely, several parameters remain non-compliant with the established standards, namely network logic, positive lag, large float, resources/cost, and the Baseline Execution Index (BEI). This study concludes that the project schedule has not fully adhered to the principles of a network-driven schedule and continues to function primarily as an administrative time schedule. The findings of this study offer practical contributions to construction project management by providing recommendations that encompass the refinement of network logic relationships, reduction of excessive lag usage, implementation of resource and cost loading, and progress updates based on the established baseline, thereby enabling the schedule to serve as a more effective, reliable, and integrated project control tool

Complications of Diabetes Mellitus often arise and without being realized have developed to cause acute and chronic complications that make it difficult for DM sufferers to maintain their condition and will affect the condition of DM sufferers that impact the quality of life of sufferers. Consuming too many carbohydrates causes insulin in the body to work extra, so that the insulin's ability to work in the body will be reduced, which can cause blood sugar to rise. Nutritional therapy can be done by replacing carbohydrate intake with tubers that are low in glucose levels, one of which is Ganyong and pharmacological therapy through herbal medicines, one of which is sentalo leaf tea which is easily obtained and inexpensive. The objectives of this community service activity are to improve the knowledge, skills and quality of service of partners in the implementation of family posyandu related to DM. The method used is empowering posyandu groups through educational activities and training. The results of this activity show an increase in knowledge and skills of partners before and after the community service activity was carried out. And an increase in visits to the posyandu after the implementation of PMT using ganyong flour as the raw material.

Stroke is a neurological condition caused by disruption of blood flow to the brain due to blockage or rupture of blood vessels, leading to nerve cell death. WHO (2022) recorded more than 12 million new stroke cases annually, with a prevalence in Brebes Regency reaching 27.83 per mil. The high incidence of stroke accompanied by physical mobility impairment and the family's lack of knowledge about its management highlights the importance of comprehensive family nursing care. This study aims to apply a complete nursing care process including assessment, diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation to the family of Mr. K with a stroke case. The method used is descriptive with a case study approach through family nursing care. Assessment findings revealed that the patient had experienced stroke for approximately 7 years with a history of hypertension, weakness of the right extremities, decreased muscle strength, blood pressure of 160/90 mmHg, and the family did not understand how to care for stroke at home. Two nursing diagnoses were established: ineffective health maintenance in the family and impaired physical mobility. Interventions included health education about stroke, Range of Motion (ROM) exercises, and rubber ball grip therapy involving the family as caregivers. After 2 days of implementation, both nursing diagnoses were resolved: ineffective health maintenance in the family was resolved and impaired physical mobility was resolved.

Introduction: Febrile seizures are seizure episodes that occur due to an increase in body temperature above 38°C without evidence of central nervous system infection such as meningitis or encephalitis. In Indonesia, the prevalence of febrile seizures is approximately 2–5% among children aged 6 months to 3 years, and around 30% of these cases experience recurrence or recurrent febrile seizures. Therefore, an appropriate nursing care plan is required to manage patients with febrile seizures. Methods: This scientific paper employed a descriptive narrative method to illustrate the provision of nursing care to patients through the nursing process approach. The general objective of this study was to understand and implement nursing care for patients with febrile seizures. Results: The nursing diagnoses identified in patients with febrile seizures were hyperthermia, risk for injury, and knowledge deficit. Nursing interventions included hyperthermia management, safety management, and health education. Conclusion: After two days of nursing implementation, two nursing diagnoses were resolved and one was partially resolved. Discharge planning included monitoring the patient's condition, particularly for seizure signs, maintaining a safe environment, educating the family about injury prevention during seizures, and encouraging family members to continuously supervise the patient.

Thalassemia is an inherited hemolytic anemia caused by genetic abnormalities in chromosomes 11 and 16 that impair globin chain production, leading to insufficient hemoglobin and red blood cells. This study aims to describe nursing care for An. W with thalassemia at the Anggrek 2 Ward of RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency. The method used was a descriptive approach through anamnesis, documentation, observation, and literature review. Nursing care was carried out over two days (January 13–14, 2026). Physical examination results on January 12, 2026 showed a pale face, anemic conjunctiva, weakness, CRT >3 seconds, decreased skin turgor, weak peripheral pulse, cold extremities, and laboratory hemoglobin of 5.9 g/dL, with vital signs of pulse 111x/minute, temperature 36.7°C, and respiration 22x/minute. Two nursing diagnoses were established: ineffective peripheral perfusion related to decreased hemoglobin concentration (D.0009), and activity intolerance related to weakness (D.0056). Nursing interventions included circulatory care (I.02079) and energy management (I.05178). Nursing implementation was carried out according to plan. Evaluation on January 14, 2026 showed that both nursing diagnoses were resolved; the patient's hemoglobin improved to 10.7 g/dL after two blood transfusions, and the patient was declared fit for discharge. It is recommended that hospitals establish support groups for thalassemia patients to provide adequate emotional and social support.

Indonesia, as a sovereign state, has the absolute right to regulate the deportation of foreigners within its territory. However, in modern law, state sovereignty is no longer absolute but relative, where its implementation must refer to universal international human rights norms. This study aims to analyze the reciprocal relationship between state sovereignty and human rights enforcement in the context of the deportation of foreigners in Indonesia. The research method used is normative juridical with a legislative and conceptual approach. The results of the study indicate that state sovereignty and human rights in deportation function to limit and test each other. Sovereignty provides exclusive rights for national security through the implementation of selective policy, while international human rights law exists as a barrier so that such coercive actions do not exceed humanitarian values. In conclusion, deportation actions in Indonesia must refer to human rights norms during the deportation process. Then the state also has the absolute right to enforce immigration law in the form of deportation so as to prevent a country from becoming a refuge for criminals or international fugitives who flee to and reside in Indonesia, or carry out their criminal activities within the country.   

This study aims to examine the implementation of policies regarding the use of the e-Kelurahan feature in the Sangu Palu application in Taipa Village. The study employs George C. Edward III’s policy implementation theory, which consists of four dimensions: communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. A qualitative descriptive approach was used, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, documentation, and literature review involving nine informants. The findings indicate that the implementation of the e-Kelurahan policy has not yet run optimally. The main obstacle lies in the communication aspect, particularly the lack of direct public socialization regarding the use of the application, resulting in low public understanding and limited utilization of digital services. In addition, training for village officials has not been conducted continuously, as it was only provided during the initial implementation stage. Therefore, periodic retraining is needed to improve technical competence and evaluate service performance. Although the aspects of disposition and bureaucratic structure have generally functioned well, they have not been sufficient to optimize digital service utilization. These findings are consistent with the Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE) evaluation results, which place Palu City in the “sufficient” category, indicating the need for further improvement in digital service implementation.

Tumor Left Scapular Region is an abnormal tissue growth in the left scapular area that can cause pain, mobility disturbances, and decreased upper extremity function. The aim of writing this case study was to obtain a description of the implementation of nursing care for Ny. H with Post-Operative Tumor Left Scapular Region in Mawar 2 Ward, RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency. The method used is a case study with a nursing process approach including assessment, nursing diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation conducted on February 8–9, 2026. The assessment results showed that the patient complained of pain in the post-operative wound of the left scapula with a pain scale of 5, there was a risk of infection due to the operative wound, and the patient lacked knowledge about the disease experienced. Nursing diagnoses established were acute pain, risk of infection, and knowledge deficit. After nursing actions were carried out for 2×24 hours, pain decreased, no signs of infection were found in the operative wound, and patient knowledge increased. It can be concluded that the application of nursing care in patients with Tumor Left Scapular Region was able to help reduce pain, prevent infection, and increase patient knowledge to support the healing process optimally.

The rapid growth of digital technology has encouraged school counseling services to adapt to the needs of students who are highly connected to digital media. This study aimed to audit the implementation of Digital Counseling Reality in counseling services at SMA Negeri 15 Medan to examine the level of technology integration within counseling practices. Data were collected through interviews, observations, document reviews, and digital audit instruments involving the counseling coordinator, school counselors, and students. The findings revealed that the school has utilized social media, consultation platforms, digital assessments, online counseling, and data-based evaluations in delivering counseling services. School counselors demonstrated positive attitudes toward e-counseling and showed adequate technological competence, while students expressed positive perceptions regarding comfort, accessibility, and the necessity of digital counseling services. The audit result reached a score of 23, placing the school in the digital-integrated category. These findings indicate that technology has become an essential component of counseling services and contributes to improving service quality, accessibility, and effectiveness for students.

Background: Schizophrenia is a serious chronic mental disorder that can affect thinking, perception, feelings, and behavior. Patients with undifferentiated schizophrenia are at risk of experiencing the nursing problem of risk of violent behavior (RPK) due to their inability to control emotions and anger. Based on data from the medical records of RSJD dr. Amino Gondohutomo, Central Java Province, from August to October 2025, the risk of violent behavior was the highest nursing diagnosis in the Gatotkaca Ward, reaching 56.5%–77% of all inpatients. Objective: To perform nursing care on Tn. K with the main problem of risk of violent behavior due to undifferentiated schizophrenia at RSJD dr. Amino Gondohutomo, Central Java Province. Methods: This study used a descriptive method with a nursing process approach. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observation, documentation studies, and literature review. Nursing care was provided from November 18 to 22, 2025. Results: Assessment findings on Tn. K (19 years old) with undifferentiated schizophrenia and a history of physical abuse, parental rejection, and family violence revealed four nursing problems: risk of violent behavior (core problem), sensory perceptual disorder: auditory and visual hallucinations, self-concept disorder: low self-esteem, and self-care deficit. Implementation was carried out through nursing strategies (SP) 1 to 4 for risk of violent behavior (physical, medication, verbal, and spiritual control), SP 1 and SP 3 for self-care deficit, and SP 1 to SP 2 for sensory perceptual disorder: hallucinations. All implementation stages were optimally achieved. Conclusion: Nursing evaluation showed that the client was able to achieve cognitive, affective, and psychomotor goals in all implemented SPs. Collaboration with ward nurses was carried out to continue SP 3 and SP 4 for hallucinations and the entire low self-esteem intervention due to time constraints.

Judicial digital transformation through the implementation of e-Court and e-Litigation represents a strategic initiative of the Supreme Court of Indonesia to establish a modern, effective, and efficient judiciary. These innovations have successfully transformed various stages of civil case administration and litigation into faster and more transparent processes. However, the success of digitalization in case examination has not been accompanied by similar reforms in the execution of court judgments. This study aims to analyze the regulation of civil judgment execution following the implementation of e-Court and e-Litigation, identify challenges encountered in practice, and formulate a concept of execution digitalization as part of judicial reform. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The legal materials consist of primary legal sources in the form of legislation and Supreme Court regulations, as well as secondary legal sources including scholarly literature and previous studies. The findings reveal that although e-Court and e-Litigation have accelerated dispute resolution processes, the execution of civil judgments remains largely conventional. Consequently, several challenges persist, including delays in execution, lack of transparency, and limited supervision by litigating parties. Therefore, the development of an integrated Digital Execution System linked to existing electronic judicial platforms is necessary to enhance the effectiveness of judgment enforcement and ensure greater legal certainty for justice seekers.

Correctional institutions impose sustained psychological burdens on inmates, including social isolation, fractured family bonds, and disrupted identity development, which collectively heighten the risk of mental health deterioration. Unlike preventive psychoeducational approaches, group counseling operates as a curative, therapeutically structured service that enables participants to process shared difficulties through interpersonal dynamics. This community service study implemented group counseling within a Participatory Action Research (PAR) framework involving 50 early adult inmates at Lapas Kelas III Rangkasbitung. PAR was operationalized as an implementation framework in which each counseling cluster cycle followed the Plan-Act-Observe-Reflect sequence, enabling iterative refinement of therapeutic content. Pre-service needs assessment using the Alat Ungkap Masalah (AUM) Umum Masyarakat instrument identified dominant problems in family relations (13.33%), personal self (12.97%), and social relations (10.76%). Group counseling was conducted across three thematic clusters. Program evaluation revealed improvements in social interaction, self-acceptance, and emotional regulation among participants, with the PAR reflective cycle enabling context responsive adaptation of each session. These findings affirm that PAR-grounded group counseling constitutes a contextually adaptive model for psychosocial rehabilitation in correctional settings.

Nutritional problems among school-age children remain an important challenge in human resource development in Indonesia. Adequate nutritional status is essential for supporting physical growth, cognitive development, learning achievement, and future productivity. Schools play a strategic role in promoting children's health through nutritional monitoring and educational interventions, particularly during the implementation of the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG). This community service activity aimed to monitor students’ nutritional status and strengthen awareness of the importance of nutrition as a foundation for human resource development. The activity was conducted on April 5–6, 2026, at SD Negeri 09 Jambi City and involved 261 students from grades I to III. A school-based assistance approach was implemented through anthropometric measurements, including body weight and height assessments, followed by balanced nutrition education. The findings revealed that 77.0% of students had normal nutritional status, while 8.8% were undernourished, 9.6% were overweight, and 4.6% were classified as obese. The activity also increased school awareness regarding the importance of continuous nutritional monitoring and evidence-based health management. These findings suggest that school-based nutritional monitoring can support the implementation of the Free Nutritious Meal Program and serve as an initial effort to strengthen human resource development by fostering healthier, more productive, and higher-quality future generations.

The quality of boiler feedwater is a crucial factor in maintaining the operational reliability of ship machinery systems against the risks of corrosion and scale formation. This research focuses on the design and development of a real-time monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) to automatically determine water quality. The hardware development utilizes a NodeMCU ESP32 microcontroller that integrates four main sensors: a pH sensor, a DS18B20 temperature sensor, a Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) sensor, and a turbidity sensor. The methodology applied is an experimental systems engineering model, encompassing circuit design, software programming, and the implementation of simple artificial intelligence. The automatic decision-making process in this tool is designed using zero-order Sugeno fuzzy logic with input parameters of turbidity, salinity, and acidity level (pH). The obtained data is transmitted wirelessly to a Firebase database and visualized through a 0.96-inch OLED display. Functional tests on seven fluid characteristics including pure water, hard water, and muddy water show that this prototype can accurately classify water quality into Good, Fair, and Poor categories. The main contribution of this design is the provision of a preventive, efficient, and applicable boiler maintenance solution for the modern shipping industry.

This study analyzes the implementation of the Central Papua One-Stop Service Information System (Sipersateng) at the Central Papua Provincial Secretariat as a model for administrative innovation in the New Autonomous Region (DOB). The main focus of the study is to explore how a region with extreme infrastructure limitations can leapfrog or institutionalize towards an agile and transparent digital bureaucracy. Using a qualitative descriptive-analytical method with a case study approach, this research involved in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation studies to capture the dynamics of the transition from manual to digital systems. The results show that Sipersateng successfully reduced administrative process time by up to 60%. This success was driven by three main dimensions: institutional legitimacy through strong leadership commitment, technical resilience through offline-syncing features to address internet signal fluctuations, and significant changes in work culture. Adaptation strategies such as peer-mentoring methods for senior officials and mandatory policies through gubernatorial instructions proved effective in breaking down organizational cultural resistance. This study concludes that Sipersateng is not merely a technical tool, but rather a manifestation of Frontier Digital Bureaucracy that is able to mitigate the risk of maladministration and build public accountability in the newly formed province. This innovation demonstrates that geographic limitations are not a major barrier to achieving clean governance if supported by inclusive and adaptive system design. These findings provide a theoretical contribution to the public management literature on digitalization in regions with high structural challenges.

Background: Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood effectively due to structural or functional disorders, commonly manifesting as dyspnea, fluid retention, and peripheral edema. Globally, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death, with CHF affecting more than 55-65 million people worldwide. Objective: To perform comprehensive nursing care on patient Ny. A with cardiovascular system disorder: Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) in the Mawar I Ward of RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency. Methods: This study used a descriptive method through a case study approach. Data were collected via interview, observation, and physical examination. Results: Four nursing diagnoses were identified: ineffective breathing pattern, hypervolemia, activity intolerance, and knowledge deficit. Interventions included respiratory monitoring, hypervolemia management, energy management, and health education on disease process. After two days of nursing implementation, three diagnoses were resolved and one (hypervolemia) was partially resolved. Conclusion: Nursing care for Ny. A with CHF was carried out through assessment, nursing diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation. Continued interventions are recommended, including fluid balance monitoring, diuretic collaboration, and edema and ascites monitoring.

Background: Gout arthritis is a metabolic disease caused by excessive uric acid levels in the blood (hyperuricemia), which leads to monosodium urate crystal deposition in the joints. Globally, the prevalence of gout arthritis ranges from 1–4% of the general population. In Indonesia, the national prevalence reaches approximately 7.3% based on medical diagnosis, and in Brebes Regency, cases reach 62.4%. At the Tonjong Health Center service area, the prevalence of gout arthritis in Karanganyar Hamlet, Tonjong Village, reaches 2.04%. Gout arthritis requires comprehensive nursing care including pain management and health education to prevent recurrence. Objective: To implement nursing care for Ny. S, family of Tn. S, with musculoskeletal system disorder: gout arthritis in Karanganyar Hamlet, Tonjong Village, Tonjong District, Brebes Regency. Method: This study used a case study design with a single patient/family subject. Data collection was conducted through interview, observation, physical examination, and study documentation on December 26–27, 2025 at the patient's home. Results: Assessment revealed Ny. S (72 years) experienced acute pain in the right knee joint with a pain scale of 3/10 and uric acid level of 7.3 mg/dL, along with knowledge deficit regarding gout arthritis. Two nursing diagnoses were established: acute pain and knowledge deficit. Nursing interventions included pain management education, non-pharmacological therapy (turmeric decoction), pharmacological therapy (allopurinol), and health education. Implementation was conducted over two visits. Evaluation results showed that acute pain was partially resolved (pain scale reduced to 2/10, uric acid 7.2 mg/dL) and knowledge deficit was resolved. Conclusion: Nursing care for patients with gout arthritis through pain management and health education can reduce pain intensity and improve family knowledge about the disease. Non-pharmacological intervention with turmeric decoction contributed to decreasing uric acid levels and pain. Keywords: gout arthritis, acute pain, knowledge deficit, family nursing care, non-pharmacological therapy

This research is motivated by the low poetry writing skills of grade VIII B students at MTs Mujahidin Pontianak, evidenced by a pre-cycle average score of 64% and a classical completeness rate of only 34%. The primary issues include students' difficulties in developing imagination, word choice (diction), and the limited use of innovative learning media. This study aims to improve poetry writing skills through the implementation of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model assisted by Canva digital media. This study employed Classroom Action Research (CAR) conducted in two cycles, comprising planning, action, observation, and reflection phases. The research subjects consisted of 23 students. The results indicated a significant improvement in each cycle. The students' average score increased to 80% in cycle I and reached 87% in cycle II. Classical completeness also rose from 65% in cycle I to 86% in cycle II. The use of Canva was proven to stimulate students' creativity and motivation in expressing ideas into aesthetic poetry. The conclusion of this study is that the integration of the PjBL model and Canva media is effective in improving the quality of both the process and the learning outcomes of poetry writing. It is suggested that teachers adopt this model as an innovative alternative for literature learning in the digital era.

D Dowry (mahar) is an obligation of a groom to his bride in Islamic marriage, symbolizing respect and responsibility. In the Buton community, mahar also develops as a customary tradition known as boka, which carries both symbolic and socio-cultural meanings. This study aims to analyze the concept of mahar according to the Shafi’i school of law and its implementation in Taduasa Village, South Buton Regency. This research uses a qualitative method with data collection techniques including interviews, documentation, and literature review. The findings show that mahar is viewed as a symbol of respect for women and is determined based on lineage and social status. According to the Shafi’i school, such practices are permissible as long as they are based on mutual agreement and do not burden the groom. However, excessively high dowry amounts in some cases may hinder marriage. This study concludes that the mahar tradition in Taduasa Village remains consistent with Shafi’i principles but should be adjusted to the Islamic values of ease and public welfare.