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Philosophy learning has a strategic role in shaping students' critical, reflective, and rational thinking skills. However, the main challenge faced in this learning process is to determine assessment and evaluation methods that are in accordance with the character of philosophy that are abstract and argumentative. This study aims to describe the method, assessment, and evaluation of philosophy learning based on the results of an in-depth interview with STISIP lecturer Syamsul Ulum. The research approach used is qualitative with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, so that a comprehensive picture of philosophy learning practices in higher education is obtained. The results of the study show that discussion methods, case studies, and critical reflection are the most effective approaches in improving the quality of philosophy learning. The assessment is more focused on the student's thinking process, not solely on the final result, while the evaluation is directed at changing the way of thinking and the intellectual maturity of the students. These findings confirm that philosophy learning is not only oriented towards mastery of the material, but also on the formation of a critical, reflective, and ethical mindset that is an important provision for students in dealing with the complexities of academic and social life. Thus, philosophy learning plays a role as a means of intellectual development as well as student morals.

Islamic Educational Philosophy holds a pivotal role in directing the learning process to remain consistent with Islamic principles. This article seeks to explore how the values of Islamic Educational Philosophy are implemented in the learning activities at the Institute of KH Ahmad Sanusi, with a focus on fourth-semester students. The study adopts a qualitative approach using a descriptive-analytical design based on library research and the examination of instructional practices. The results reveal that Islamic Educational Philosophy serves as a conceptual framework for determining and applying learning strategies, including discussion and inquiry-based learning, which foster active participation, critical thinking, and the internalization of Islamic values. Learning assessment is carried out in a comprehensive manner by addressing cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains through individual assignments, collaborative tasks, formal examinations, and academic writing activities. Moreover, the emphasis on self-reflection (muhasabah) enhances students’ awareness of their moral and spiritual responsibilities in the process of seeking knowledge. The application of Islamic Educational Philosophy is therefore expected to support the development of students who are intellectually competent, morally grounded, and reflectively aware as future educators and Muslim intellectuals.

This study examines the learning methods and evaluation of philosophy at STAI Al Mashturiyah within the context of Islamic higher education. The background of this research is the need to strengthen critical, reflective, and ethical thinking among students through philosophy learning that is relevant to Islamic values. The study aims to analyze how philosophy learning methods are implemented and how evaluation practices are applied in the classroom. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collected through direct interviews with philosophy course lecturers and supported by academic documents. The findings indicate that philosophy learning at STAI Al Mashturiyah applies a combination of lectures, discussions, and question-and- answer methods, while evaluation is conducted through written assessments and process-based evaluations such as participation and presentations. These approaches contribute to the development of students’ analytical and argumentative skills. The study highlights the importance of integrating interactive learning methods and comprehensive evaluation systems to enhance the quality of philosophy education in Islamic higher education. The results have implications for improving pedagogical practices and strengthening the theoretical and practical foundations of philosophy learning in Islamic institutions.

Demonstrations demanding the dissolution of the House of Representatives by 2025 highlight a crisis of public trust and serve as a key moment in Indonesia's political landscape. These protests have not only symbolic significance but also lead to elite repositioning, the temporary dismissal of several members, and the cessation of policy that increased benefits. This study examines how the crisis has prompted political institutional reconstruction and the role of civil society in influencing change. A descriptive qualitative approach was used, including literature studies, analysis of academic literature, official documents, and media reports. The findings indicate that actions by the House of Representatives, such as the rotation of Commission III leadership, member deactivation, and rejection of benefit increases, were primarily reactive to public pressure. The discussion reveals that while these actions reduce crisis escalation, they are cosmetic and do not address structural issues like legislative accountability and budget transparency. In conclusion, the 2025 protests provide an opportunity for civil society to engage politically outside elections, but the institutional changes made are short-term. Fundamental reform can only occur if civil movements remain consistent and if political parties and the government commit to reform.

This study examines the dynamics of public criticism of Shin Tae-yong's dismissal by PSSI as a phenomenon of digital communication that shows the tension between freedom of expression and the legal limits of hate speech. The background of this research stems from the intensity of netizens' reactions, which developed into collective moral pressure and had the potential to enter the realm of insults and hostility, as reflected in various comments, news reports, and verbal disputes involving public figures. This study aims to analyze how criticism, media framing, and netizen responses interact with the regulations of the ITE Law, particularly Article 28 paragraph (2), which is often used in reporting hate speech. The methods used are a normative juridical approach and case studies with document analysis, news reports, and academic literature techniques to identify patterns of digital expression and their legal relevance. The results of the study show that public criticism of Shin Tae-yong not only reflects performance evaluation, but also contains emotional, social identity, and moral dimensions that are reinforced by media framing and digital culture. The discussion confirms that the shift from criticism to hate speech occurs when public expression is not managed ethically, while law enforcement on hate speech articles still faces interpretation problems. In conclusion, this verbal dispute reflects the complexity of Indonesia's digital democracy and the urgency of legal reform

Menopause is a natural phase marked by the cessation of menstruation for 12 months due to estrogen deficiency, which is often accompanied by challenging physical and emotional symptoms. With the increasing population of women aged over 50 years (reaching 26% in 2021), challenges related to access to information and awareness of menopausal changes have become crucial to ensure that quality of life is maintained. Objective: This community service activity aimed to improve knowledge and prepare mothers from an early stage to face menopausal changes and manage the associated discomfort. Methods: The activity was conducted at SDN 9 SP I Pandan and involved nine participants. The educational intervention was carried out in three stages: introduction and pre-test, delivery of material using PowerPoint and leaflets, and an interactive discussion session. The materials covered the definition of menopause, its stages, common symptoms, health risks, and preparation strategies through healthy lifestyles and medical check-ups. Results: The counseling session was conducted smoothly in the hall of SDN 9 SP I Pandan. Participants showed high enthusiasm, with five out of nine actively asking in-depth questions related to preparing for the menopausal transition. Through this educational activity, participants gained a comprehensive understanding of symptom management, including hot flashes, sleep disturbances, and mental health. Conclusion: This community service activity successfully provided new insights for mothers regarding the importance of preparing for menopause. The positive response from participants indicates the need for similar educational activities to be carried out regularly to build a sustainable support system for women during perimenopause and menopause.

  This study examines the strategy of writing an expository narrative using a reflective approach in the production of the documentary film "2000 Untuk Parkir: Fenomena Juru Parkir Liar di Jatinangor" Using descriptive qualitative methods through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and data triangulation, this 15-minute film presents a three-act plot that integrates empirical facts (such as a daily income of Rp50,000 from a Rp2,000 per vehicle rate) with the filmmaker's critical reflections on the dynamics of the informal economy and urbanization in educational areas. Results of an effectiveness test on 20 student respondents showed an 85% comprehension rate and a 90% increase in critical awareness, demonstrating the superiority of this hybrid approach in building empathy without excessive subjectivity. The discussion confirms the strategy's contribution to the discourse of Indonesian documentary production, with implications for advocacy for inclusive parking policies.    

This community service was carried out in Margaluyu Village, Kasemen District, Serang City. This community service program was prepared based on the problem of increasing the amount of household plastic waste in Margaluyu Village which until now has not been managed optimally. As an innovative effort in handling this problem, the community service team held a training activity on making wind hole breeze breeze blocks using mixed materials in the form of shredded plastic and silica sand. This community service program not only focuses on efforts to reduce the level of environmental pollution, but also directs inorganic waste to be processed into building materials that have aesthetic value as well as high benefits for local residents. The activity was carried out with a focus on strengthening the role of youth groups and fathers as the main drivers of the creative economy at the village level. In the demonstration session, participants were invited to directly practice steps ranging from plastic sorting, the enumeration process, to roster printing techniques that require high precision. In addition, the team also provided technical assistance and simulations of production cost calculations so that participants understood the potential economic value of the product. Participatory discussions were conducted to explore field challenges, while the final evaluation showed an improvement in the participants' skills and environmental awareness.

This community service was carried out in Margaluyu Village, Kasemen District, Serang City. This community service program was prepared based on the problem of increasing the amount of household plastic waste in Margaluyu Village which until now has not been managed optimally. As an innovative effort in handling this problem, the community service team held a training activity on making wind hole breeze breeze blocks using mixed materials in the form of shredded plastic and silica sand. This community service program not only focuses on efforts to reduce the level of environmental pollution, but also directs inorganic waste to be processed into building materials that have aesthetic value as well as high benefits for local residents. The activity was carried out with a focus on strengthening the role of youth groups and fathers as the main drivers of the creative economy at the village level. In the demonstration session, participants were invited to directly practice steps ranging from plastic sorting, the enumeration process, to roster printing techniques that require high precision. In addition, the team also provided technical assistance and simulations of production cost calculations so that participants understood the potential economic value of the product. Participatory discussions were conducted to explore field challenges, while the final evaluation showed an improvement in the participants' skills and environmental awareness.

The health of pregnant and breastfeeding women is a crucial determinant of the quality of future generations, particularly during the first 1,000 days of life. However, nutritional problems, such as deficiencies in iron, protein, and essential vitamins, remain prevalent in many regions, especially in rural areas. These conditions may increase the risk of anemia, impaired fetal growth, and reduced maternal and child health outcomes. This community service program aimed to improve the nutritional status as well as the knowledge and awareness of pregnant and breastfeeding women regarding the importance of balanced nutrition in Sukorejo Village, Bojonegoro Regency. The program was implemented through the provision of free balanced nutritious meals tailored to the nutritional needs of pregnant and breastfeeding women, accompanied by health education activities, including counseling sessions and interactive discussions on healthy dietary patterns, food hygiene, and anemia prevention. Program evaluation was conducted through participatory observation and participant feedback. The results indicated an improvement in participants’ understanding of balanced nutrition and positive behavioral changes in daily food selection and consumption. This community service initiative is expected to serve as a sustainable model for improving maternal and child health and preventing nutritional problems at the village level.

The study aims to measure how human emotional states are affected by music, both in increasing happiness and helping individuals manage sadness, musical characteristics such as tempo, tonality, and lyrics play an important role in shaping listeners' affective responses, where upbeat music with fast tempo and major tonality tends to promote positive moods, while melancholy music with slow tempo and minor tonality is more likely to evoke mood reflective or sad. This study used a pseudo-experimental method with a pre-test and post-test design on a group of psychology students of the National University of PASIM, with two songs as a stimulus: "I Love U Bibeh" by The Changcuters and "Jiwa Yang Bersad" by Ghea Indrawati. The measurement instrument was a simple question about the mood of the respondents with a choice of sad or happy. The results showed that the song I Love U Bibeh increased the number of students who reported feeling happy from 30% to 76.7%, while the song Jiwa yang Bersad increased the number of students who reported feelings of sadness from 40% to 63.3%, although some respondents reported catharsis in the form of emotional relief. The discussion emphasized that music has a dual function, namely as a stimulus that is able to change mood as well as a means of regulating emotions through catharsis, with effectiveness that is also influenced by cultural closeness and individual music preferences. The conclusion of this study is that music can be seen as a relevant scientific instrument in supporting students' mental health, strengthening cultural identity, and improving the quality of life, so that the choice of music can be adjusted to emotional needs, both to increase happiness and to help accept and manage sadness.

Public legal awareness is an important element in realizing an orderly, just, and law-based social life, as it enables citizens to understand and properly carry out their rights and obligations. In Mekarjaya Village, Gantar District, Indramayu Regency, a low level of public understanding of the hierarchy of laws and regulations is still evident, which has the potential to cause errors in the application of law within families and communities. This condition indicates the need for systematic, contextual, and easily understood legal socialization. This Community Service Program aims to improve the understanding of members of the Paguyuban Istri Peduli regarding the hierarchy of laws and regulations, while strengthening their role as agents for disseminating legal information within the surrounding community. The method employed is descriptive qualitative with a participatory approach through the delivery of materials, interactive discussions, question-and-answer sessions, and joint reflection. Data were collected through direct observation, oral question-and-answer sessions, and participant feedback forms. The results show an increase in participants’ understanding, high levels of participation in discussions, and the ability to relate legal concepts to real conditions. These findings confirm that participatory-based legal socialization is effective in enhancing public legal awareness and encouraging active community involvement at the local level.

Advances in financial technology require people to have adequate digital financial literacy in order to be able to use financial services safely and wisely. However, there are still many community groups that face limited understanding, including the wife of a retired National Police officer in Megamendung, Bogor. This Community Service Program (PKM) is designed to increase their knowledge, awareness, and skills in managing finances through digital services. The implementation method includes socialization, counseling, interactive discussions, and practical guidance in the use of digital financial applications such as e-wallets and online banking services. Evaluation of activities was carried out through observation, question and answer sessions, and measurement of the level of understanding before and after socialization. The results showed a significant increase in participants' understanding of the concept of digital financial literacy, including benefits and risks to watch out for, such as digital fraud and irregular financial management. In addition, participants also experienced an increase in confidence in using digital financial services for daily needs. This program is expected to encourage family financial independence and improve the economic welfare of the wives of retired POLRI officers in Megamendung, Bogor, as well as become a model for community empowerment in facing the challenges of the digital era.

This study aims to analyze the legal status of jointly managed social media accounts within the framework of marital property in Indonesia. The growth of the digital creative economy has transformed social media accounts into productive assets with economic value, yet Indonesian civil law has not provided legal certainty regarding their ownership status following divorce or death. The research method employed is normative legal research with a comparative legal approach. The results indicate a regulatory void in Law Number 1 of 1974, which remains oriented toward physical objects, while digital accounts are often regarded as personal rights tied to the registered individual. Conversely, digital regulations in the European Union, through the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the concept of digital estate, have begun to accommodate the continuity of access and management of digital assets for relevant parties. The discussion emphasizes the need for a redefinition of assets in Indonesian family law that synchronizes privacy rights with economic rights. In conclusion, productive social media accounts should be qualified as marital property through progressive interpretation or prenuptial agreements. This study recommends the synchronization of personal data protection regulations and marriage law to ensure distributive justice for couples in the digital economy era.

The rapid development of information technology requires improved digital literacy and basic technological skills beginning at the secondary education level. One important competency that needs to be introduced to students is an understanding of computer networks, particularly Local Area Networks (LAN), along with the development of communication and public speaking skills as essential soft skills. This activity aimed to increase the interest and understanding of students at SMP Negeri 6 Sorong City regarding information technology through LAN network education integrated with public speaking training. The activity was implemented using an experiential learning approach combined with student-centered learning, which emphasized active student participation through material presentations, demonstrations, hands-on network cabling practice, and interactive discussions. The program was conducted in three main stages: preparation, implementation, and closing evaluation. The results indicated that students were able to follow all learning activities effectively and demonstrated strong enthusiasm in understanding basic LAN network concepts and cabling techniques. Additionally, students showed increased confidence in expressing ideas and actively participating in discussions. The integration of technical training and soft skill development created a more contextual, engaging, and practical learning environment. This activity also provided valuable experience for the community service team in strengthening communication abilities and applying academic knowledge in real educational settings. Overall, the practice-based LAN education program proved to be an effective approach for increasing students’ interest in information technology while simultaneously developing communication skills from an early age.

The low level of interest and motivation among elementary school students in learning mathematics, particularly in plane geometry topics, remains a common problem. This community service activity aimed to improve students’ interest and understanding of plane geometry concepts through the implementation of the Inspiration Class as an educational medium that connects mathematical material with students’ aspirations. The activity was conducted at SDN 056024 Dogang, Langkat Regency, involving sixth-grade students. The implementation method employed a participatory and educational approach consisting of preparation, implementation, and evaluation stages. The activities included the delivery of plane geometry material, interactive discussions, and a creative project in the form of a “dream tree” using origami shaped into plane figures. The evaluation was performed qualitatively by observing student engagement and interactions in question-and-answer sessions, and analysis of students’ work. The results showed that the Inspiration Class created a more active and enjoyable learning atmosphere, increased student participation, and helped students better understand the concepts and properties of plane figures. In addition, this activity motivated students by linking mathematics learning with future aspirations and professions. Therefore, the Inspiration Class can be considered an effective alternative educational medium for teaching mathematics at the elementary school level.

Aceh Tamiang Regency is one of the regions in Aceh Province that is highly vulnerable to annual flooding due to river overflow and high rainfall intensity. Flood disasters often cause significant material and non-material losses, which are exacerbated by the limited public understanding of flood mitigation, early warning signs, and appropriate self-rescue procedures. This community service activity aims to increase public awareness, knowledge, and preparedness in facing flood threats through disaster mitigation socialization programs. The method applied in this activity includes participatory socialization, interactive discussions, and simulations of emergency response actions involving local communities, village officials, and volunteers. The program emphasizes recognizing early signs of flooding, understanding emergency evacuation routes, and improving coordination during disaster response. The results indicate a significant improvement in community knowledge regarding flood risks, early warning indicators, and emergency measures that should be taken before and during flooding events. Furthermore, the activity successfully strengthened coordination between village authorities and local volunteers in managing emergency response posts and distributing aid effectively. Through this socialization program, the community of Aceh Tamiang is expected to develop greater disaster resilience and preparedness. Increased awareness and coordinated response mechanisms are anticipated to minimize the adverse impacts of future flooding events, thereby reducing potential losses and enhancing community safety.

The English Fun Tales program is a community service activity aimed at improving children's English literacy through the use of picture books. This activity was carried out at Rumah Belajar Jadi Mulya, Salatiga, which serves as a non-formal learning center for children from the surrounding area. The background of this program stems from the limited access of children in the area to attractive, interactive, and developmentally appropriate English learning resources. The implementation method includes: (1) providing English picture books selected according to the children's language ability and age; (2) guided shared reading activities; (3) simple discussions about story content to train comprehension; and (4) creative activities such as drawing story characters, role-playing, or story retelling. This approach is designed to combine cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects, so that children not only understand vocabulary and language structure but also develop imagination, self-confidence, and reading interest. The implementation results show an increase in reading interest, expansion of English vocabulary, and children's courage in expressing themselves orally. In addition, social interaction among participants becomes more positive through collaborative activities. This program is expected to serve as a model for English literacy learning based on picture books that can be replicated in other learning communities with local context adjustments.

The government's implementation of the Academic Ability Test (TKA) has shocked some students, particularly because they are unfamiliar with the test questions. This highlights the need for public awareness campaigns regarding the TKA questions, particularly in private schools. This community service initiative aims to provide high school students in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) with an overview of the TKA mathematics exam. The method used in this initiative is drills and discussions, aimed at training and preparing students for the types of questions tested in the TKA. This initiative was attended by five private schools in the Special Region of Yogyakarta and conducted by lecturers and students from the Mathematics Education study program at Alma Ata University. The results of this training indicate that students gained an overview of the TKA mathematics exam questions and learned several strategies for solving them effectively. This initiative is expected to help students become more prepared and confident in facing the TKA in the future.

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is reshaping public governance, including legislative processes. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), AI is being actively utilized to enhance law-making through faster drafting, improved consistency, and greater transparency. This study examines the role of AI in the UAE’s legislative functions, focusing on how AI tools assist in analyzing legal data, formulating policy recommendations, and drafting legislation. It explores how AI impacts the speed, accuracy, and legitimacy of law-making, while also addressing the ethical and legal challenges of delegating legislative tasks to intelligent systems. Using a qualitative case study method, the paper evaluates government initiatives, expert insights, and regulatory structures that frame AI's integration into the UAE’s law-making system. While AI offers opportunities for data-driven governance and increased legislative productivity, it also presents risks such as algorithmic bias, reduced human oversight, and accountability gaps. The study emphasizes that AI must be governed by strong regulatory frameworks to safeguard democratic values, fairness, and legal integrity. By analyzing a pioneering national model, this research contributes to global discussions on AI in governance and offers key insights for policymakers, technologists, and legal scholars seeking to balance innovation with ethical and legal standards.