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This community service activity aimed to enhance the self-confidence of early childhood learners through the Janger Dance Movement, used as an art- and culture-based learning medium. The program was implemented at TK Prawidya Dharma in Demulih Village, Bangli, involving children aged 5–6 years and their teachers. A qualitative descriptive method was applied using the Participatory Action Learning System (PALS) approach, which emphasizes active engagement, reflection, and participatory learning. The results showed a significant improvement in the children's self-confidence, evidenced by their increased willingness to perform in public, improved social interaction, and more expressive emotional behavior. Teachers also benefited from enhanced pedagogical competence, particularly in integrating cultural and artistic elements into meaningful classroom practices. The Janger Dance Movement proved to be an effective pedagogical strategy for fostering self-confidence, independence, and social development in early childhood education. This approach not only helped children build self-esteem but also encouraged them to engage in creative expression, while allowing teachers to gain valuable experience in incorporating cultural arts into their teaching practices.

The independent real college work (KKN) of Muhammadiyah Sumatra Utara was carried out at MTS Al-Washliyah, Hamparan Perak sub-district, Deli Serdang district. This KKN program aimed to improve literacy and highlight the importance of education for children’s abilities in both character development and student intelligence. The goal of education is to advance intellectual development while instilling moral values, ethics, integrity, and tolerance in students. The results of this study indicate that the role of parents is crucial in developing literacy in students. Parents are encouraged to help children develop a habit of reading books, thus providing a positive influence on their children's educational progress. Additionally, parents' active involvement allows children to have better opportunities to develop their literacy skills. By creating a supportive home environment and fostering positive reading habits, parents play a vital role in improving the overall literacy of students. This KKN program has shown that collaboration between parents and educational institutions can significantly enhance the literacy development of students.

The independent real college work (KKN) of Muhammadiyah Sumatra Utara was carried out at MTS Al-Washliyah, Hamparan Perak sub-district, Deli Serdang district. This KKN program aimed to improve literacy and highlight the importance of education for children’s abilities in both character development and student intelligence. The goal of education is to advance intellectual development while instilling moral values, ethics, integrity, and tolerance in students. The results of this study indicate that the role of parents is crucial in developing literacy in students. Parents are encouraged to help children develop a habit of reading books, thus providing a positive influence on their children's educational progress. Additionally, parents' active involvement allows children to have better opportunities to develop their literacy skills. By creating a supportive home environment and fostering positive reading habits, parents play a vital role in improving the overall literacy of students. This KKN program has shown that collaboration between parents and educational institutions can significantly enhance the literacy development of students.

Human mobility between countries has become an inevitable phenomenon in an increasingly open era of globalization. One of the tangible consequences of this mobility is the increasing number of mixed marriages between Indonesian citizens and foreign nationals. Although mixed marriages are a great way to interact across the globe, they often cause difficult legal problems, especially regarding the citizenship status of children born from these marriages. Children may be at risk of statelessness, or without citizenship, if the legal systems and principles between countries differ. This contradicts the principle of protection of human rights in international law. The purpose of this study is to examine the regulation of citizenship for children born to mixed marriages from an international law perspective. In addition, this study also investigates its relationship with Indonesian national law, particularly Law No. 12 of 2006 concerning Citizenship of the Republic of Indonesia and other related legal instruments. To gain a better understanding of the compatibility between national legal practices and international standards, a legislative, case, and comparative approach was used in this study. The results of the study show that, although Indonesia has adopted several principles of international law to prevent loss of citizenship and grant limited dual citizenship recognition to children born of mixed marriages, there is still a gap between the normative and its implementation. This discrepancy can lead to legal uncertainty and reduce the protection of children's rights. In conclusion, this study emphasizes that national and international law in the field of citizenship must be harmonized to build a legal system that is responsive, fair, and in line with global societal progress, as well as to protect children's rights at the international level.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi promosi penjualan yang diterapkan oleh BMA (Baju Murah Anak) pada marketplace Shopee. Meskipun telah melakukan berbagai upaya promosi, penjualan BMA cenderung fluktuatif dan belum mencapai target yang diharapkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian terfokus pada empat strategi promosi utama yaitu pemberian, paket harga, pengembalian dana, dan premi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian sampel kepada afiliasi efektif meningkatkan eksposur merek namun berdampak terbatas pada penjualan langsung. Strategi paket harga dan premi mampu mendorong pembelian dalam jumlah lebih besar serta meningkatkan loyalitas konsumen. Sementara itu, strategi pengembalian dana memberikan rasa aman bagi pelanggan namun menahan tantangan dalam kecepatan pelayanan. Keseluruhan strategi yang diterapkan memberikan dampak positif terhadap citra merek, namun perlu dilakukan evaluasi berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas promosi. Implikasi penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi praktis bagi pelaku UMKM dalam merancang strategi promosi yang adaptif terhadap dinamika pasar digital, khususnya di platform e-commerce seperti Shopee

The rise of the phenomenon of early marriage in Indonesia is the background to the birth of Republic of Indonesia Law number 16 of 2019 concerning marriage and the compilation of Islamic law, which sets the age limit for marriage to 19 years. The reality is that in society there are many cases asking to be able to get married and have it officially registered, which has led to the existence of a marriage dispensation. Marriage dispensation is permitted by law by considering positive matters. The aim of this study is to determine the long-term impact of early marriage on the welfare of individuals, families and society. The method used is qualitative, data collection is carried out by interviews, direct observation and also data related to the theme. Using this method will make it easier to observe phenomena in society regarding marriage dispensations. The data analysis used was an inductive method (Creswell, 1994). The results obtained were that the marriage dispensation from a legal perspective did not conflict with Law 16 of 2019. The granting of marriage dispensations was carried out by considering the impact. From a sociological perspective, our society views early marriage as something normal and often forgets the impact of child marriage. Marriage dispensation is a rational choice, even though the risks faced are very high. Therefore, it is necessary to increase public awareness of promiscuity and return to the essence of marriage.

This community service program was held at SD Negeri 102028 Dusun II Sei Parit, Sei Rampah District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, with a focus on applying the principles of sharia economic justice. This goal is achieved through education about the prohibition of usury and savings initiatives from an early age. This activity was motivated by the lack of Islamic financial literacy among children, especially related to the risk of usury and the urgency of frugal behavior and financial responsibility. The method chosen is a participatory-educational approach, which includes socialization, simulation and habituation, prioritizing the active involvement of students. The activity is divided into two main phases, namely usury education and saving education, utilizing animated films, educational games and picture stories. The impact of this service shows an increase in students' insight into the concept of riba, discipline in frugality, and the growth of awareness to manage money wisely according to Islamic guidance. Children are now beginning to understand that money is a mandate that must be used correctly and halal. In addition, this program also encourages the formation of the character of responsibility, trust and justice in the participants. Therefore, this program makes a significant contribution in building a children's mentality based on the principles of sharia economic justice and is worthy of being used as a prototype of Islamic financial education at the elementary school level.

Child exploitation is a serious issue that threatens the fulfillment of children's fundamental rights and impacts their physical, psychological, and social development. This study aims to analyze the role of law in preventing child exploitation through an examination of regulations and criminal law enforcement in Indonesia. The method used is normative juridical research with a descriptive qualitative approach, supported by empirical data from interviews with law enforcement officers and child protection agencies. The results of the study indicate that although Indonesia has a comprehensive regulatory framework, such as Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection and Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, its implementation still faces various challenges. These obstacles include weak coordination among institutions, limited capacity of law enforcement officers, low public awareness, and the persistent social stigma against child victims. This study emphasizes the importance of strengthening the capacity of officers, applying a restorative approach, fostering synergy among institutions, and public education to build an effective, integrative, and sustainable child protection system.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan telaah pustaka mengenai pemanfaatan media film dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik di tingkat Sekolah Dasar. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah literature review dengan langkah-langkah berupa identifikasi, analisis, evaluasi, dan interpretasi terhadap sejumlah artikel ilmiah yang relevan. Sumber data diperoleh dari berbagai jurnal yang terindeks dalam Google Scholar, dengan kata kunci "film pendidikan", "pembentukan karakter", dan "Sekolah Dasar". Dari proses pencarian, ditemukan 15 artikel yang dijadikan dasar analisis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan film sebagai media pembelajaran berkontribusi positif terhadap penguatan karakter siswa, seperti tanggung jawab, kejujuran, toleransi, dan kerja sama. Media film yang sesuai dengan usia anak dan konteks pembelajaran mampu meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa serta mempermudah guru dalam menyampaikan nilai-nilai karakter. Dengan demikian, media film layak dijadikan sebagai alternatif pendukung dalam pembelajaran karakter di Sekolah Dasar.

Pendidikan karakter merupakan pondasi utama dalam membentuk kepribadian anak sejak usia dini. Masa kanak-kanak adalah periode krusial dalam pengembangan moral, sosial, dan emosional, sehingga peran orang tua dan guru menjadi sangat penting dalam proses ini. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran orang tua dan guru dalam pendidikan karakter anak usia dini serta mengkaji pentingnya kolaborasi antara kedua pihak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa orang tua sebagai pendidik pertama memberikan pengaruh melalui keteladanan, komunikasi, dan pola asuh yang positif. Sementara itu, guru memiliki peran strategis dalam merancang pembelajaran yang terintegrasi dengan nilai-nilai karakter dan membangun budaya sekolah yang mendukung. Kolaborasi erat antara orang tua dan guru menjadi kunci keberhasilan pendidikan karakter anak, memungkinkan penerapan nilai-nilai moral secara konsisten di lingkungan rumah dan sekolah. Diharapkan, melalui sinergi yang baik, anak-anak dapat tumbuh menjadi pribadi yang berkarakter mulia dan siap menghadapi tantangan kehidupan.

Pendidikan Kepercayaan Terhadap Tuhan Yang Maha Esa memegang peran penting dalam pertumbuhan spiritual dan pembentukan karakter sejak dini. Belum tersusunnya capaian pembelajaran khusus pendidikan kepercayaan bagi anak usia dini menjadi kendala dalam memenuhi hak dan mewujudkan kesetaraan pendidikan agama dan kepercayaan di Indonesia, terutama bagi siswa penghayat kepercayaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan capaian pembelajaran Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini untuk siswa penghayat kepercayaan terhadap Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang relevan dan sesuai dengan nilai-nilai Kepercayaan Terhadap Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, guna memenuhi hak konstitusional siswa atas pendidikan agama/kepercayaan, sekaligus mewujudkan kesetaraan akses pendidikan di Indonesia. Pendekatan research and development model Sugiyono yang dimodifikasi dengan tahapan 1) identifikasi potensi dan masalah, 2) pengumpulan data, 3) penyusunan desain produk, 4) validasi desain, 5) uji coba konsep, 6) desain teruji, digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk menghasilkan capaian pembelajaran yang sesuai. Penelitian ini menghasilkan capaian pembelajaran Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini yang di kembangkan sesuai dengan nilai-nilai Kepercayaan Terhadap Tuhan Yang Maha Esa. Berdasarkan validasi yang telah dilakukan pengembangan capaian pembelajaran ini dinyatakan layak.

This study aims to find the values ​​contained in the novel shown through the characterization of the characters. These characterizations are related to the values ​​that occur in the lives of the characters in the novel Simfoni Persahabatan by Fakhri Violinist. This study uses a qualitative method with a structural approach that focuses on characterization and its relationship to educational values. Data were collected through document study techniques by carefully reading the novel and noting parts related to characterization, then analyzed using content analysis techniques to draw conclusions about the values ​​and messages contained in the novel. The results of the study show that the author successfully presents the characterization of two main characters, namely Nancy who has an arrogant nature and often insults others, and Bintang who is humble and always prays to God. Through the characterization of these two characters, the author conveys various educational values ​​including the value of simplicity, the spirit of pursuing ideals, moral education such as diligent study and humility, character education regarding respect for parents and teachers, the value of hard work, responsibility, patience in facing trials, the importance of admitting mistakes and forgiveness, and friendship. This research contributes to the world of education in utilizing children's literature as a medium for character formation, and provides references in selecting reading materials that suit the needs of children's character development.

This study aims to find the values ​​contained in the novel shown through the characterization of the characters. These characterizations are related to the values ​​that occur in the lives of the characters in the novel Simfoni Persahabatan by Fakhri Violinist. This study uses a qualitative method with a structural approach that focuses on characterization and its relationship to educational values. Data were collected through document study techniques by carefully reading the novel and noting parts related to characterization, then analyzed using content analysis techniques to draw conclusions about the values ​​and messages contained in the novel. The results of the study show that the author successfully presents the characterization of two main characters, namely Nancy who has an arrogant nature and often insults others, and Bintang who is humble and always prays to God. Through the characterization of these two characters, the author conveys various educational values ​​including the value of simplicity, the spirit of pursuing ideals, moral education such as diligent study and humility, character education regarding respect for parents and teachers, the value of hard work, responsibility, patience in facing trials, the importance of admitting mistakes and forgiveness, and friendship. This research contributes to the world of education in utilizing children's literature as a medium for character formation, and provides references in selecting reading materials that suit the needs of children's character development.

The research titled “Legal Implications of Mixed Marriages between Indonesian Citizens and Foreign Nationals on the Citizenship Status of Minors” discusses the legal consequences arising from marriages between Indonesian citizens (WNI) and foreign nationals (WNA), particularly regarding the determination of the citizenship status of minors. Mixed marriages often create legal complexities due to differences in citizenship systems between countries, which affect the rights and legal standing of children. The research problems focus on two main issues: how Indonesian positive law regulates the citizenship status of children born from mixed marriages, and how the state provides legal protection for such children. This study employs a normative legal research method with a statutory approach, analyzing relevant laws, doctrines, and court decisions. The results show that although Law Number 12 of 2006 on Indonesian Citizenship has improved the previous system by recognizing limited dual citizenship for children, its implementation still faces several obstacles. Complicated bureaucracy, a lack of understanding among officials, and persistent discriminatory practices remain major challenges. Therefore, it is necessary to reform the legal framework and administrative system of citizenship management to ensure that the principles of non-discrimination and the best interests of the child are effectively and fairly realized.

The distribution of inheritance is an important issue in Indonesian society which adheres to a plural legal system, namely Islamic law, customary law, and western civil law. One of the issues that often raises differences of opinion is the position of biological children and adopted children as heirs. In Islamic law, the right to inherit is based on the relationship of the nasab so that the biological child gets a clear share, while the adopted child does not have the right to inherit but can still be given a share through a grant or obligatory will. In contrast, Toba Batak customary law emphasizes the patrilineal principle, whereby sons, including legitimate adopted children through mangain customary ceremonies, are positioned as the successors of the clan and are entitled to inheritance except hereditary inheritance. This study uses a literature study method by examining literature related to Islamic law and Batak Toba customary law and qualitatively analyzed. The results of the study show that the difference in principles between these two legal systems gives birth to social and legal conflicts in the Batak Muslim society, especially when religious and customary values must be carried out together. However, opportunities for harmonization remain open through the application of the principle of justice that recognizes the position of adopted children in customary structures, as well as upholding sharia by granting rights through the mechanism of compulsory wills. These findings emphasize the need for an integrative approach in resolving inheritance disputes in order to create legal certainty, social justice, and maintain cultural and religious harmony.

This study is based on the urgency of examining the inheritance rights of adopted children after their adoptive parents separate, examined from the perspective of Islamic law and positive regulations applicable in Indonesia. The main objective of this study is to analyze the legal status of adopted children and their inheritance rights after the adoptive parents' divorce based on both legal frameworks. The methodology used is a literature study by gathering information from various relevant references and regulations. The findings of this study indicate that under Islamic law, adopted children are not automatically entitled to inheritance, but can receive a gift, will, or mandatory will with a maximum limit of one-third of the adoptive parents' assets. Meanwhile, under Indonesian positive law, the inheritance rights of adopted children depend on the court's decision during the adoption process, and even though the adoptive parents have divorced, the inheritance rights remain recorded in accordance with the existing court decision. These findings reflect the need for legal certainty to protect the rights of adopted children and emphasize the importance of clear regulations to avoid inheritance conflicts after divorce. This study is expected to serve as a reference for policymakers and legal practitioners in addressing issues related to the inheritance rights of adopted children.

Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun (CTPS) adalah cara hidup yang bersih dan sehat yang efektif dalam mencegah penyakit menular, khususnya pada anak usia sekolah. Studi ini menyelidiki bagaimana media video edukasi berdampak pada peningkatan pengetahuan siswa SDN 05 Pancur Batu mengenai CTPS. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif dengan pendekatan one-group pretest-posttest. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 31 responden yang diberikan pretest, intervensi berupa video edukasi CTPS, dan posttest. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan skor rata-rata pengetahuan dari 8,13 pada pretest menjadi 8,71 pada posttest. Uji statistik menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (p-value = 0,001). Analisis N-Gain memperlihatkan sebagian besar siswa berada pada kategori sedang, dengan satu siswa mencapai kategori tinggi. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa media video edukasi cukup berhasil untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa mengenai CTPS, meskipun diperlukan strategi pendukung lain seperti diskusi dan praktik langsung agar peningkatan lebih merata.

Maternal and child mortality remains a major public health challenge in Indonesia, with Brebes Regency identified as one of the regions with a relatively high burden. This study aims to provide a narrative review of strategies implemented to reduce maternal and child mortality in Brebes, while highlighting their relevance within the broader Indonesian health policy framework. Literature from peer-reviewed journals indexed in Scopus and Web of Science, published between 2019 and 2024, was reviewed. The findings indicate that strategic planning at the district level emphasizes strengthening the role of midwives, improving access to primary health services, and integrating local programs with national policies. Behavioral nutrition interventions, such as the Baduta Program, and community-based innovations, such as “Buaian Services,” have shown potential in improving maternal and child health outcomes. However, challenges persist in the form of limited resources, disparities in service quality, and cultural barriers to health-seeking behavior. This review underscores the importance of combining top-down policy approaches with bottom-up community-driven initiatives. Future research is recommended to adopt mixed-method designs for a more comprehensive evaluation of program effectiveness.

The Student Organization Capacity Building Program (PPKO) of the PTI FKIP UMS is a community service initiative that aims to increase the added value of tempeh products in Sentono Village, Karangdowo District, Klaten Regency, with a focus on product innovation, particularly tempeh nuggets. Sentono Village has long been known as one of the largest tempeh production centers in Klaten, with more than 26 active tempeh producers. However, these producers face significant challenges in the form of conventional marketing and a lack of diversification in tempeh products, which has resulted in the village's economic potential not being fully realized. This activity was designed to address these issues by actively involving the community, including intensive training in tempe nugget production, hands-on practice under the guidance of facilitators, and interactive question and answer sessions to solve practical problems. To measure the effectiveness of the program, an evaluation was conducted using pre-tests and post-tests to quantitatively measure the increase in participants' knowledge and skills. The results of this evaluation show a significant increase in participants' knowledge and skills, proving that product innovation can be a strategic solution to improve the competitiveness of MSMEs in the modern era.

Children's needs Every individual has basic needs. And every child has special needs. Therefore, parents should understand what the basic needs of a child are. The basic needs of a child include 3 basic needs that are usually described, namely the needs of children in ASAH, ASIH, NURTURING. Needs are everything that man needs to sustain life and to obtain well-being and comfort. Abraham H. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs takes the form of a pyramid: self-actualization, the need for appreciation, the need for belonging and love, the need for security (salvation), and physiological needs. This scientific paper uses the method of literature review and descriptive writing using primary and secondary sources. The results of this study show that the needs of a child must be considered by parents to achieve appropriate development for children based also on the Qur'an and health science.