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Hypertension is one of the leading non-communicable diseases contributing significantly to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite the availability of extensive electronic medical record data in healthcare institutions, these data are often utilized only for administrative reporting rather than predictive analysis. Consequently, opportunities to identify age groups with a higher probability of developing hypertension remain underutilized. This study aims to implement the Naïve Bayes classification algorithm to analyze age distribution and classify the risk of hypertension among patients using healthcare data. The research adopted the Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) methodology, including business understanding, data understanding, data preparation, modeling, evaluation, and deployment. Patient medical record data consisting of demographic and clinical attributes, including age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body weight, gender, and hypertension status, were processed using the Naïve Bayes algorithm. Model performance was evaluated using a confusion matrix by measuring accuracy, precision, recall, specificity, and balanced accuracy. The implementation demonstrates that the Naïve Bayes algorithm is capable of classifying hypertension risk efficiently while providing probabilistic information regarding age groups with a higher tendency to experience hypertension. The resulting classification model offers an effective decision-support tool for healthcare providers in conducting targeted screening, preventive interventions, and evidence-based health planning. The findings also indicate that data mining techniques can transform routinely collected medical records into valuable clinical knowledge for early hypertension prevention and healthcare decision-making.

The contemporary moral crisis, marked by the prevalence of hoaxes, corruption, intolerance, and hedonism, demands a strategic response from the Islamic tradition. This research aims to actualize Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) moral exemplariness as a strategy for strengthening Muslim character. Using a qualitative literature review method with a thematic-integrative approach, this study analyzes primary sources (the Quran, authentic hadiths, classical Islamic texts) and secondary sources (national and international academic journals). The findings identify five dimensions of Prophetic exemplariness (siddiq, amanah, rahmah, zuhud, hikmah) that directly correspond to 24 character strengths in Peterson and Seligman's Values in Action (VIA) framework. This research formulates four actualization strategies: internalization through contemporary Sufism, behavioral modeling (uswah fi'liyah), moral community reinforcement (al-biah al-shalihah), and Islamic digital literacy. The primary contribution of this research is an integrative model linking Prophetic moral values with modern character psychology, supplemented by an integration table mapping moral crises, Prophetic values, and character-strengthening strategies. This model is intended to serve as an operational framework for Islamic educational institutions, families, and Muslim communities in addressing moral crises systematically and evidence-based.

This study aimed to examine the association between physical activity and nutritional status as risk factors for noncommunicable diseases among women of reproductive age. A descriptive quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted in Kranggan Village involving 35 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data on physical activity were collected using questionnaires, while nutritional status was assessed based on Body Mass Index (BMI). The findings showed that most respondents had moderate physical activity levels (51.4%), followed by low physical activity levels (42.8%). Regarding nutritional status, the majority of respondents were classified as overweight (51.4%) and obese (28.6%). Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between physical activity and nutritional status (p = 0.003). The results indicate that inadequate physical activity is associated with increased nutritional status problems, particularly overweight conditions. Therefore, low physical activity and excessive body weight represent interconnected risk factors contributing to the development of noncommunicable diseases among women of reproductive age. This study highlights the importance of promoting regular physical activity and maintaining balanced nutritional status as preventive strategies to reduce the risk of noncommunicable illnesses.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease with an increasing prevalence and a risk of causing macrovascular complications such as stroke. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of Diabetes Mellitus patients with stroke complications based on CT-scan results at RSKD Dadi Makassar in 2024–2025. This was a descriptive observational study with a retrospective design using medical record data. Samples were taken using a total sampling technique, comprising 60 patients, and analyzed univariately using the Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 26. The results showed that the majority of respondents were in the late elderly group (>56 years) at 66.7%, female (51.7%), and from the Makassar ethnic group (63.3%). Most respondents experienced hyperglycemia in random blood glucose (66.7%) and had uncontrolled fasting blood glucose (68.3%) and HbA1c (76.7%) levels. CT-scan results were dominated by non-specific cerebral infarction (68.3%), with ischemic stroke as the most common type (93.3%), a length of stay of 5–10 days (53.3%), and right-sided hemiparesis as the most common clinical manifestation (45.0%). It was concluded that DM patients with stroke complications were generally elderly, female, had poor glycemic control, and were dominated by ischemic stroke with non-specific cerebral infarction. Abstrak. Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit metabolik dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat dan berisiko menimbulkan komplikasi makrovaskular berupa stroke. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran karakteristik pasien Diabetes Melitus yang mengalami komplikasi stroke berdasarkan hasil CT-scan di RSKD Dadi Makassar tahun 2024–2025. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional deskriptif dengan desain retrospektif menggunakan data rekam medis. Sampel diambil dengan teknik total sampling sebanyak 60 pasien dan dianalisis secara univariat menggunakan Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) versi 26. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas responden berusia lansia akhir (>56 tahun) sebanyak 66,7%, berjenis kelamin perempuan (51,7%), dan berasal dari Suku Makassar (63,3%). Sebagian besar responden mengalami hiperglikemia pada GDS (66,7%) serta memiliki kadar GDP (68,3%) dan HbA1c (76,7%) yang tidak terkontrol. Hasil CT-scan didominasi oleh infark serebri tidak spesifik (68,3%) dengan jenis stroke terbanyak berupa stroke iskemik (93,3%), lama rawat inap terbanyak 5–10 hari (53,3%), dan manifestasi klinis tersering berupa hemiparese dextra (45,0%). Disimpulkan bahwa pasien DM dengan komplikasi stroke umumnya berusia lanjut, berjenis kelamin perempuan, memiliki kontrol glikemik yang buruk, dan didominasi oleh stroke iskemik dengan gambaran infark serebri tidak spesifik.

Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) relies on a barrier membrane to prevent soft tissue invasion in the wound area and maintain space for bone formation. Conventional membranes generally function as a passive barrier without enhancing osteogenesis. Membranes fabricated with the addition of β-TCP were developed to enhance membrane bioactivity. This review aims to evaluate the role of β-TCP as a bioactive component in barrier membranes used in GBR procedures. The study used a narrative review approach with literature sources from PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect in the period 2016–2026. The keywords used included “guided bone regeneration," “barrier membrane," and “β-tricalcium phosphate." The selected articles were English-language experimental studies with relevant topics. A total of 7 articles met the inclusion criteria. The incorporation of native β-TCP showed increased osteoconductivity, hydrophilicity, and mechanical strength of the membrane. The release of calcium and phosphate ions plays a role in increasing osteoblast proliferation and osteogenic marker expression. In vitro and in vivo studies also demonstrated increased new bone formation and improved regeneration space maintenance compared to conventional membranes. The optimal concentration of β-TCP varies depending on the polymer matrix. β-TCP-based membranes have the potential to act as bioactive barrier membranes that not only act as a barrier but also support bone regeneration. Further research, particularly human clinical trials, is needed to confirm their effectiveness and safety.

The rapid advancement of digital technology has significantly transformed various aspects of human life, including the education sector. In the Society 5.0 era, educational institutions are expected to integrate digital technologies into learning processes to develop adaptive, innovative, and globally competitive human resources. This study aims to analyze digital technology-based learning innovations in improving educational quality, identify their potential benefits, and examine the challenges and strategies for optimizing their implementation. This research employed a qualitative descriptive approach through a literature review by analyzing relevant academic sources, including scholarly journals, books, conference proceedings, and other scientific publications. The findings indicate that digital learning innovations are implemented through the utilization of Learning Management Systems (LMS), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), interactive learning media, blended learning, and flipped classroom models. These technologies contribute to enhancing learning effectiveness, expanding educational accessibility, increasing student motivation and engagement, and fostering essential twenty-first-century competencies. Nevertheless, several challenges remain, including digital inequality, inadequate technological infrastructure, limited digital competencies among educators, and concerns related to digital ethics and cybersecurity. Therefore, effective implementation requires comprehensive strategies, such as strengthening teachers' digital competencies, improving educational infrastructure, developing adaptive curricula, integrating innovative learning media, and promoting digital literacy and ethical awareness. These efforts are expected to support the development of a more adaptive, inclusive, and high-quality education system that aligns with the demands of the Society 5.0 era.

Higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) are a requirement in 21st-century education, yet assessments in schools are still primarily based on lower-order thinking (LOTS) cognitive skills. This study aims to examine the concept of the Revised Bloom's Taxonomy, the characteristics of instruments based on Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS), and their implementation in instrument development. This study used a qualitative approach with a heritage study method. Data were obtained from books, scientific journals, and educational policy documents related to HOTS-based assessment. Analysis was conducted through data reduction, categorization, and drawing conclusions based on their alignment with the Revised Bloom's Taxonomy framework. The results of this study indicate that cognitive levels C4-C6 in the Revised Bloom's Taxonomy serve as the primary reference in developing HOTS instruments, which can assist in developing HOTS-based instruments to measure students' higher-order thinking skills.

Teacher performance evaluation is a crucial factor in improving educational quality, but many schools still conduct it manually and subjectively, resulting in less transparent, time‑consuming, and error‑prone outcomes. This study aims to design and develop a web‑based decision support system using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method for selecting the best teacher at MTs Mambaul Ulum. The system was developed using the Waterfall model with the Laravel 12 framework and MySQL database, incorporating two evaluator roles: the principal (assessing 5 criteria: teaching hours, responsibility, mastery of material, personality, and attendance) and the vice principal (assessing 4 criteria excluding personality). Data were collected through observation, interviews, and document review. System testing employed Black Box Testing and accuracy validation by comparing system outputs with manual Excel calculations. The results show that the SAW method effectively ranks teachers objectively, with Kusyanti achieving the highest score of 0.9450. The system attained 100% accuracy, as no difference was found between manual and system calculations. Moreover, the system reduced evaluation time from days to seconds and provides well‑documented results, thus supporting more transparent and accountable decision‑making. Therefore, this system proves to be reliable, objective, and efficient in assisting school administrators in evaluating teacher performance in a structured and fair manner.

Problems that often occur in brooch pins are bent wire or detached from the hook, also the possibility of the brooch coming off the pin when worn as a problem encountered. The purpose of fabrication is to obtain a 60 mm long brooch pin, 0.5 mm diameter, AISI 1045 material. Fabrication methods include: brooch pin design; selection of AISI 1045 material for 0.5 mm diameter wire and for 0.3 mm plate; cutting wire 94 mm long and sharpening one end; cutting the brooch pin end hook plate; forming the wire into a circle with a 4 mm hole for one winding; cutting a 0.3 mm thick plate in the shape according to the design; forming a pointed end hook with a punch and die; pressing the base of the wire to one side of the shape plate; electroplating with Chromium solution material; ordering and installing the customer's taste brooch; unification between the brooch and the pin stem; and quality-dimensional inspection. The fabrication results are in the form of a 60 mm long brooch pin, 0.5 mm diameter, AISI 1045 material coated with Chromium with a total cost of IDR 290,-/piece and a production duration of 90 seconds/piece which means that the brooch pin can be used for various desired accessories.

This study explores the development of a sustainable framework for Syariah and legal studies within the context of contemporary educational transformation. Employing a qualitative research approach through content analysis, this study examines relevant scholarly literature, Islamic legal sources, and contemporary educational perspectives to identify key strategies for strengthening Syariah and legal education in response to evolving societal challenges. The findings reveal that the sustainability of Syariah and legal studies requires an integrated approach that combines classical Islamic scholarship with modern legal, social, and technological developments. Several essential dimensions are identified, including institutional reform, curriculum innovation, pedagogical transformation, research advancement, international academic collaboration, and technology integration. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of interdisciplinary engagement between Syariah studies and other fields, such as constitutional law, international law, economics, sociology, and digital studies. The findings also emphasize the significance of student-centered learning, critical thinking, and research-based education in enhancing academic quality and intellectual engagement

This study explores the role of Islamic economic law in promoting sustainable development by establishing an integrated relationship between ethical values, legal frameworks, and public policy. Although sustainable development has emerged as a major global agenda, its implementation continues to face challenges due to the limitations of conventional economic and legal systems, which often prioritize efficiency and economic growth while overlooking ethical and social dimensions. Employing a qualitative research approach through content analysis, this study examines classical Islamic jurisprudence, contemporary scholarly literature, and relevant policy documents to analyze the alignment between Islamic economic principles and sustainability frameworks. The findings demonstrate that Islamic economic law provides a comprehensive and ethically oriented framework based on fundamental principles, including tawhid (unity), adl (justice), maslahah (public interest), and maqasid al-shariah (objectives of Islamic law). These principles are manifested through various institutional and legal instruments, such as zakat, waqf, and risk-sharing financial mechanisms, which contribute to social justice, economic inclusion, financial resilience, and environmental sustainability.

The low creative thinking skills of students in learning Social Science (IPS) in elementary school, especially in the aspect of originality, is the background of this research. This research aims to find out the influence of Augmented Reality-based interactive cultural map media on the creative thinking skills of primary school grade IV students. This research uses a quantitative approach with a one group pretest-posttest design. The research subjects were 35 grade IV students at one of the elementary schools in Gresik who were selected with a saturated sampling technique. A research instrument in the form of a description test that measures creative thinking skills based on four aspects, namely fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. Data analysis was carried out using the normality test and the paired t test. The research results show that there is an average increase in the student's creative thinking skills score from 9.31 in the pretest to 12.80 in the posttest. The t test results show a significant difference between before and after treatment. These findings show that Augmented Reality-based interactive cultural map media has a positive effect on students' creative thinking skills. The implication of this research is that Augmented Reality-based media can be used as an alternative to IPS learning innovation in elementary schools to improve students' creative thinking skills in 21st century learning.

This study aims to examine relevant and effective Christian Religious Education (CRE) learning methods in the digital era. The rapid development of information and communication technology has brought significant changes in education, including CRE instruction. The research method employed is a literature study with a descriptive-analytical approach to various academic sources and technology-based CRE learning practices. The results indicate that integrating digital media such as online learning platforms, Bible-based interactive applications, and social media creatively can enhance students' engagement and understanding of Christian faith values. Furthermore, the use of digital technology opens wider opportunities for contextual and meaningful faith formation across diverse learning environments. The study also identifies key challenges faced by CRE teachers, namely digital readiness, infrastructure limitations, and maintaining relational and spiritual dimensions in virtual learning environments. Teachers must therefore be equipped not only technologically but also theologically to navigate these complexities. The research concludes that the transformation of CRE methods in the digital era is not merely a technology adoption but a holistic theological integration of faith, technology, and pedagogy.

Digital democracy and e-governance have emerged as transformative instruments for promoting transparency, accountability, and efficient public administration in India. This study examines the role of digital governance initiatives in strengthening democratic participation and reducing corruption through technology-driven governance mechanisms. Using a qualitative and doctrinal research methodology based on secondary sources, the study analyses major initiatives such as Digital India, Aadhaar, DigiLocker, BharatNet, BHIM-UPI, and MyGov. The findings demonstrate that digital governance has improved accessibility to public services, enhanced administrative efficiency, and minimized bureaucratic corruption through automation and electronic monitoring systems. Furthermore, digital platforms have expanded citizen participation in democratic processes by facilitating communication between governmental institutions and the public. However, challenges such as digital inequality, cyber-security risks, infrastructural limitations, and privacy concerns continue to affect the effectiveness of digital democracy in India

This community engagement program aimed to strengthen entrepreneurial capacity and digital literacy among santri at Asy-Syifa Al-Islami Islamic Boarding School, Parung Bogor, Indonesia. The program was designed in response to the growing importance of entrepreneurship and digital competencies in supporting youth empowerment, economic participation, and sustainable community development. The activities involved Islamic boarding school students who had limited access to entrepreneurship education, digital business training, and practical technology-based learning opportunities. To address these challenges, participatory workshops, mentoring sessions, collaborative discussions, and practical digital entrepreneurship training were implemented over a three-month period involving 55 participants. The program focused on entrepreneurial mindset development, digital marketing, financial literacy, social media utilization, and small business management skills. The findings demonstrated significant improvements in entrepreneurial awareness, digital literacy, communication skills, creativity, teamwork, and self-confidence among participants. Qualitative results also revealed increased motivation among santri to develop small businesses and utilize digital platforms productively. Participants showed greater readiness to engage in entrepreneurship activities and adapt to technological developments after completing the program. The integration of entrepreneurship education and digital skills training proved effective in promoting youth empowerment and sustainable community participation. Overall, the program highlights the importance of community-based entrepreneurship and digital literacy initiatives in strengthening the socio-economic capacity of Islamic boarding school students

This study aims to describe the planning, implementation, and assessment of differentiated instruction in teaching descriptive text writing to ninth-grade students at SMP Negeri 2 Bendo, Magetan Regency. The study was conducted in response to students difficulties in generating ideas, selecting appropriate vocabulary, organizing ideas coherently, and producing vivid descriptive texts. This research employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through lesson plan observation, classroom observation, teacher interviews, and documentation of student learning products. The findings indicate that differentiated instruction was planned through a Merdeka Curriculum-based teaching module, diagnostic assessment, contextual material selection, and the use of PowerPoint, observation sheets, and tiered student worksheets. The implementation emphasized process and learning-environment differentiation through triggering questions, direct observation of real objects around the school, group work, individual scaffolding, immediate feedback, and reflection. Assessment was carried out continuously through diagnostic, formative, and summative assessment. Differentiated instruction helped students generate concrete ideas, organize their writing more systematically, increase motivation, and strengthen descriptive text writing skills. These findings affirm that differentiated instruction can serve as an adaptive strategy in Indonesian language learning at junior high school level.

Cracker pr machines are widely used in small and medium-scale food industries. However, limitations in frame design and motor speed control often result in suboptimal machine performance. This study aims to perform a redesign of the upper conveyor frame, analyze the structural strength of the frame, and evaluate the effect of using a Variable Speed Drive (VSD) inverter on improving the production capacity of a cracker printing machine.The research method includes frame redesign, load calculation, and numerical analysis using the Finite Element Method (FEM) with SolidWorks Simulation. The applied loads consist of machine component weights and operational loads. In addition, performance testing was conducted by varying the motor rotational speed controlled by the VSD inverter to determine its effect on production output.The results show that the redesigned frame has a maximum displacement of 0.18 mm, a maximum stress of 8.9 MPa, and a minimum safety factor of 31, indicating that the structure is safe and operates within the elastic region. The implementation of the VSD inverter successfully increased the machine’s production capacity from the initial condition up to 78.5 kg/h. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the frame redesign and the application of a VSD inverter are effective in improving the performance and reliability of the cracker printing machine.

This study aims to analyze demand patterns and determine the most accurate forecasting method for the Kawachi KL 6167 A+ Emergency Lamp product to support inventory control decision-making. The data used in this study consist of product demand over 12 periods, showing an increasing trend with slight fluctuations in certain periods. The forecasting methods applied in this research include the Linear Trend Method, Quadratic Trend Method, and Moving Average (MA), while forecasting accuracy was evaluated using Mean Squared Error (MSE). The results indicate that the linear trend method provides a more suitable forecasting model compared to the quadratic trend method. The MSE value of the linear method is 69.31, whereas the quadratic method produces an MSE of 81.50, indicating that the linear method is more accurate due to its lower forecasting error. In addition, a 3-period Moving Average (MA) method was applied to forecast demand from period 13 to period 24. The forecasting results show that demand tends to stabilize within the range of 276–277 units, with the forecast for period 24 reaching 276.66 units, rounded to 277 units. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the demand pattern for the Kawachi KL 6167 A+ Emergency Lamp demonstrates a relatively stable upward trend, making the linear trend method the most appropriate forecasting approach for predicting future demand. These forecasting results are expected to serve as a reference for companies in optimizing inventory planning to minimize the risks of stock shortages and overstocking.

This study aimed to increase students’ learning activeness and reduce boredom in Indonesian language lessons through the implementation of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model for first-grade students at MI Ma’arif NU Bebekan. The research was conducted using an observation method during the learning process. The subjects of this study were first-grade students of MI Ma’arif NU Bebekan. Data were collected through observations of students’ activities, participation in learning, enthusiasm in completing projects, and responses during Indonesian language lessons. The observation results showed that the implementation of Project Based Learning had a positive impact on the learning process. Before the implementation of this model, some students appeared less active, easily bored, and less involved in classroom activities. After learning was carried out through project-based activities related to Indonesian language materials, students became more interested in participating in lessons, more confident in asking and answering questions, and more active in collaborating with their classmates to complete assignments. In addition, the learning atmosphere became more enjoyable because students were directly involved in activities connected to their daily experiences. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the implementation of Project Based Learning was effective in increasing learning activeness and reducing boredom among first-grade students of MI Ma’arif NU Bebekan in Indonesian language lessons. This learning model can serve as an effective alternative for creating a more engaging, active, and meaningful learning experience for elementary school students.

Background: The elderly are a vulnerable group requiring special attention, particularly regarding degenerative diseases like hypertension. In Melinggih Village, there are around 250 elderly residents, but participation in village activities is very low (only 57 are active). The main issues include limited information on degenerative diseases, a lack of skills in preparing traditional medicine, and weak cadre capacity in designing productive activities. Based on these conditions, this community service program (PKM) was implemented to improve the quality of life, health, independence, and productivity of the elderly, supporting the Indonesia Emas 2045 Vision and SDGs targets. Method: The research team partnered with the elderly group. Implemented solutions included education on degenerative diseases, training in making celery-based herbal drinks using Balinese local wisdom to lower hypertension, cadre mentoring, and elderly gymnastics. The program concluded with a comprehensive evaluation of participants' knowledge and skills. Results: Active activities were structured to increase elderly productivity: 1) Elderly gymnastics, educational activities, and active mentoring were conducted with the PKM team, cadres, and elderly in Melinggih Village regarding hypertension, resulting in increased knowledge and skills in managing elderly hypertension. 2) The elderly learned to make herbal drinks from celery. 3) Health cadres appeared active and collaborated well with the PKM team. Conclusion: Education on degenerative diseases, specifically hypertension, went well, successfully increasing cadres' and the elderly's understanding of their conditions to optimize health awareness. Training on traditional medicine preparation, specifically making celery drinks to lower hypertension, also progressed successfully.