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The rapid development of digital technology in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution has significantly impacted Indonesia’s legal framework, particularly concerning digital privacy protection. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 as an amendment to Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE) in protecting digital privacy during the administration of President Joko Widodo. This research uses a normative legal method with a statutory and content analysis approach to examine digital legal policy. The findings show that, although there have been advances in regulation and law enforcement, digital privacy protection in Indonesia remains fragmented and has not fully adapted to the dynamic development of technology. The absence of a comprehensive legal framework and delays in the enactment of a dedicated data protection law are major challenges. The implications of this study highlight the urgency of formulating more progressive and holistic legal policies, along with adaptive regulations to ensure the protection of individual rights in the digital sphere.

The case of young couples at the beginning of marriage still choose to live in the same house with their parents, especially from the husband's side, so that the wife is also required to follow her husband to live with his parents, in this case the in-laws for the wife, so that it can trigger household problems that encourage the in-laws to interfere in it. This study aims to determine the type of interpersonal conflict between daughters-in-law and mothers-in-law who live in the same house in the Batak Toba tribe in Situmeang Hasundutan Village, Sipoholon District and the causes of "sanding" between daughters-in-law and mothers-in-law who live in the same house in the Batak Toba tribe in Situmeang Hasundutan Village, Sipoholon District and How is the stereotype of society towards sanding between daughters-in-law and mothers-in-law who live in the same house in the Batak Toba tribe in Situmeang Hasundutan Village, Sipoholon District. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection was conducted through direct interviews with informants; daughter-in-law, mother-in-law, husband, traditional leader, community. Descriptive analysis technique was conducted to analyze the “Case of “Sanding” Between Daughter-in-Law and Mother-in-Law Who Live in the Same House in the Batak Toba Community in Situmeang Hasundutan Village, Sipoholon District, North Tapanuli Regency”. The results of this study indicate that in the Batak Toba community in Situmeang Hasundutan Village, the conflict between daughter-in-law and mother-in-law is seen as a natural thing that is unavoidable, because there are several factors that occur, namely several types of conflicts that occur: Role conflict, Communication conflict, Cultural value conflict, Personality conflict. There are 2 Stereotypes of the Batak Toba community in Situmeang Hasundutan Village towards daughters-in-law who live in the same house with their mothers-in-law, namely positive stereotypes and negative stereotypes. Positive stereotypes: Role as a household manager, Guardian of customary values, Helping each other with household chores. Negative stereotypes: Intergenerational conflict, feelings of being pressured or unappreciated, lack of privacy.

The development of digital technology, particularly deepfake, has brought negative impacts, including the protection against non-consensual pornography content. Deepfake, which uses artificial intelligence to manipulate images, videos, or audio, allows the creation of pornography without the consent of the individual whose face or identity is manipulated. This phenomenon results in violations of privacy, honor, and the psychological well-being of the victims, while also spreading false information that can damage public perception. Although Indonesia has regulations such as Law No. 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law) and Law No. 44 of 2008 on Pornography, there are no specific provisions regulating the use of deepfake technology. This article identifies deficiencies in existing regulations and provides recommendations for adaptive legal measures, including legislative updates, strengthening digital platform responsibilities, enhancing law enforcement capacity, and international cooperation to address this threat. It is hoped that with these measures, protection for individuals in the digital era can be strengthened.

Exploitation is an activity carried out to gain benefits by harming others arbitrarily without responsibility. Exploitation is a threat in the field of Cyber Security that not only poses risks but also jeopardizes an individual's security and privacy. According to data from the Institute of Internal Auditors, financial losses due to cybercrime exploitation worldwide reached 8 trillion US dollars in 2023. In Cyber Security, one exploitation technique involves using Remote Access methods to take over access rights and enable remote system control. Based on this issue, the author conducts research on Remote Access using three different target models based on the Windows operating system. These three targets will demonstrate how vulnerabilities in an operating system can be exploited to gain Remote Access. The method for testing Remote Access involves identifying the vulnerabilities available in the target system. The study employs three techniques: exploiting the ms17-010 vulnerability, utilizing the SmbGhost vulnerability, and using a backdoor. The results show that all three approaches successfully penetrated the target system and made modifications.

The advancement of networking and communication technologies has escalated the IoT and edge computing integration by leaps and bounds. This paper provides a review of the current trends, technologies and issues concerning IoT and edge computing. Looking at the key application areas of smart cities, healthcare, industrial IoT and smart grids this paper demonstrates how edge computing solves the problems of cloud computing such as latency, bandwidth and privacy. The survey also reveals present day constraints such as the lack of standards for scalability, integration problems, and lack of strong data protection measures. This work can be considered as a reference source for researchers and practitioners since it reveals the relationship between IoT and edge computing and gives an idea of further advancements.

In maintaining the security of personal data in the digital era, it is very important to remember that personal data can be used by unauthorized parties for various purposes. This is like the notary profession which is now required to be able to maintain the security of each client's data. Notaries can participate in recording important digital documents, such as deeds and contracts, which can help prevent manipulation. Due to the problems that occur, of course the role of the notary in maintaining data security must be considered, especially in transactions and legal documents. Even though the digital world has changed the way many transactions are carried out, the role of notaries still plays an important role in ensuring the validity, integrity and security of digital documents. Notaries can witness and certify contracts and digital legal documents, making them legally valid. The aim of this research is to explain and analyze the role of notaries in maintaining the security of personal data in the digital era. The approach used in this research is a juridical-empirical approach. The results of this research are that the role of notaries in maintaining data security in the digital era has an important role in validating digital signatures. By verifying identity and ensuring that digital signatures are valid, notaries help ensure security in digital transactions. In addition, notaries can also provide digital certificates that confirm the validity of digital signatures and electronic documents. This certificate is a strong proof of authentication. This is proof that the Notary ensures that digital transactions comply with applicable laws, including data privacy regulations and cyber security regulations. This helps keep data secure.

The rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) in Indonesia brings new challenges in personal data protection. This study aims to analyze the suitability of the legal framework in Indonesia in protecting personal data collected by IoT devices. This study identifies data collection and use practices, as well as uncovers existing legal loopholes. This study intends to conduct an in-depth analysis of the level of compliance with personal data protection laws in the context of IoT solutions. The normative legal research method with the library search technique is to search for journal or article materials related to the title and theme that the author is studying. Therefore, this study has a strategic goal to investigate the extent to which applicable regulations can be effectively implemented in the IoT ecosystem, with a special focus on security and privacy aspects that are the main pillars of personal data protection regulations. Based on these findings, this study provides policy recommendations to improve personal data protection in the IoT era, such as the need for a revision of the ITE Law, strengthening supervision by related institutions, or increasing public awareness.

The rapid advancement of digital technology has transformed marketing strategies in various industries, including insurance. Digital marketing plays a crucial role in increasing brand awareness, attracting potential customers, and influencing purchasing decisions. This study aims to explore the role of digital marketing as a promotional tool in enhancing the purchase of insurance products at PT. Asuransi Allianz Life Indonesia using a qualitative approach.This research adopts a qualitative methodology with a case study approach. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with key informants (Chief Account Officer Allianz) and insurance agents at Allianz Life Indonesia. Additionally, document analysis and observations of the company’s digital marketing strategies were used to gain comprehensive insights. The collected data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify patterns and key themes related to the effectiveness of digital marketing in influencing customer decisions.The findings reveal that digital marketing plays a significant role in shaping customer perceptions and purchasing decisions. Social media engagement, personalized content, and interactive customer communication are key factors in building trust and increasing customer interest in insurance products. Moreover, challenges such as digital competition, data privacy concerns, and customer skepticism towards online promotions were identified as barriers that need to be addressed to enhance digital marketing effectiveness.The study implies that insurance companies should continuously adapt their digital marketing strategies by leveraging data analytics, improving customer interaction, and providing transparent and informative content. By strengthening these aspects, digital marketing can serve as a powerful tool to enhance competitiveness and sustain growth in the insurance industry within the digital era.

The rapid growth of e-commerce has increased the urgency of personal data protection, especially in cases of corporate bankruptcy. Legal uncertainty regarding the status of personal data in bankruptcy assets poses privacy risks. This study examines regulatory gaps in the Bankruptcy and PKPU Law (UU KPKPU) and the Personal Data Protection Law (UU PDP) concerning consumer personal data protection in bankrupt e-commerce companies. This research employs a normative juridical method by analyzing applicable legal norms. This approach reviews legislation, jurisprudence, and other legal documents to understand and evaluate the legal application of personal data protection in e-commerce bankruptcy. The study finds that personal data protection remains a legal obligation for bankrupt e-commerce companies under the UU PDP. However, legal gaps in the UU PDP and UU KPKPU regarding bankruptcy require regulatory harmonization to safeguard consumer privacy rights.

The proliferation of network information algorithms (NIAs) in contemporary society has sparked significant ethical concerns regarding their societal impact. This study investigates the influence of NIAs on social interactions, decision-making processes, and the perpetuation of structural biases through a multidisciplinary perspective (Ananny, 2023). The findings reveal that while NIAs enhance operational efficiency across various domains, they also introduce ethical challenges, including privacy infringements, systemic inequities, and algorithmic opacity, which threaten social justice. Employing Ananny’s (2023) conceptual framework—which categorizes NIAs into three dimensions: encounters, observation, and probability/temporality—this research deconstructs the operational mechanisms of these algorithms. The analysis demonstrates that NIAs not only replicate historical biases but also engender new forms of discrimination through ostensibly neutral predictive processes. For example, algorithm-driven recruitment systems may perpetuate gender disparities if their training data reflects prior discriminatory practices (Crawford, 2021). This study underscores the inextricable link between technological ethics and societal context, arguing that an overreliance on algorithmic systems risks undermining human autonomy (Zuboff, 2019). The originality of this research lies in its integration of computational ethics theory with empirical case studies, such as the deployment of NIAs in mass surveillance, where privacy is often compromised in pursuit of perceived security. To ensure academic rigor, the arguments are developed through a critical comparison with prior research (e.g., Mittelstadt et al., 2016), while avoiding redundancy in phrasing or structure. Scholars such as Floridi (2019) emphasize the necessity of algorithmic transparency in regulatory frameworks. However, critics like Noble (2018) argue that technical solutions alone are inadequate; structural reforms in data governance and corporate accountability are essential to mitigate the misuse of NIAs. In response, this study proposes an ethical framework that not only addresses technical risk mitigation but also incorporates civic participation in algorithmic decision-making processes. The ethical implications of NIAs necessitate a holistic approach that integrates principles of data justice, independent algorithmic auditing, and public digital literacy. Future research should explore inclusive models of algorithmic governance, particularly in developing nations where regulatory frameworks often lag behind technological advancements. This study concludes with a reflective inquiry: How can algorithmic accountability be ensured if developers lack transparency regarding data sources and programming logic? By addressing these questions, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on the ethical governance of NIAs and their societal implications.

The rapid advancements in technology and marketing strategies within the maritime industry present both opportunities and ethical challenges. While innovation enhances operational efficiency and consumer engagement, the absence of structured ethical frameworks can lead to privacy violations, regulatory breaches, and deceptive marketing practices. This study examines the role of ethical considerations in technology and marketing management within maritime leadership, emphasizing the need for structured ethical decision-making frameworks to ensure consumer protection, regulatory compliance, and corporate sustainability. This research provides original value by assessing the extent to which ethical principles are integrated into maritime business strategies, addressing gaps in previous research that primarily focuses on profitability over ethical governance. The study explores the following research questions: How do ethical considerations shape decision-making in maritime technology and marketing management? What challenges hinder the implementation of structured ethical frameworks? Using qualitative research methods, semi-structured interviews with industry experts, lecturers, and postgraduate students were conducted, followed by thematic analysis and comparative evaluation. Findings indicate that while ethical decision-making enhances corporate reputation and regulatory compliance, industry-wide implementation remains inconsistent due to weak regulatory enforcement and corporate reluctance. The study concludes that integrating ethical frameworks into maritime leadership training and business education is essential for fostering responsible corporate governance, enhancing consumer trust, and ensuring long-term sustainability.

The rapid advancement of digital technology has led to widespread mass surveillance, raising concerns about the protection of individual privacy. International human rights law plays a crucial role in balancing national security interests with the right to digital privacy. This study examines the impact of international human rights frameworks, such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), in safeguarding digital privacy amid increasing government surveillance. Using a qualitative approach, the research analyzes key legal principles, court rulings, and policy responses from different jurisdictions. The findings indicate that while international legal instruments provide a foundation for digital privacy protection, enforcement remains inconsistent due to varying national implementations and technological challenges. The study underscores the need for stronger legal mechanisms and international cooperation to ensure the effective protection of digital privacy rights in the digital age.

This article discusses the transformation of international payments that continues to develop along with technological advances and increasing needs for efficiency, speed, and security in conducting cross-border transactions. This development is marked by the innovation of international payments with the existence of CBDC (Central Bank Digital Currency) and its integration with fintech, as a digital currency issued by the Central Bank. In this study, the research method used is a qualitative descriptive method. Where data can be obtained through informal group discussions, literature studies, and from various sources of information related to the transformation of international payments, CBDC, and the fintech ecosystem. The results of the study show that there has been a transformation of international payments that started from manual or cash transactions, until now it can carry out digital payment transactions using CBDC payment innovations. However, there are challenges or risks in using CBDC, namely related to data security and privacy, new financial technology regulations, changes in consumer behavior, and financial stability risks. This article is expected to provide insight for industry players to be able to utilize the potential of CBDC and fintech in building a more modern and sustainable international financial system.

The development of technology is very rapid and has undergone a significant transformation, especially with the emergence of technology 5.0. In this development, Generation Z is experiencing communication challenges in the development of the 5.0 technology which is increasing. The purpose of this research is to analyze the Communication Challenges of 5.0 in the Digital Age and Understand Generation Z in communicating with the rapid advancement of 5.0 technology. This research is a literature study. Data collection uses documentation from Google School. The data analysis used is the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The vast and growing expansion of the field of communication 5.0 through various digital platforms, such as social media, has made it difficult to communicate 5.0 in the current digital era, especially when connecting with Generation Z. The problem of communication in the current digital era is The current digital era, especially when interacting with Generation Z, is the rapid growth of the field of communication through various digital platforms, including social media, instant messaging, online content, other media, and so on. The characteristics of Generation Z, such as their tendency towards concise communication, strong visuals, and video, influence their communication style. Building a solid and productive partnership requires knowledge of the partnership and customization of your communication approach. In addition, it must be recognized that Generation Z is very tech-savvy, which can lead to privacy and security issues that need to be handled carefully if you want to establish effective communication with this generation.

This study examines the ethics of social media use from the perspective of hadith and verses of the Qur'an with a focus on privacy and social responsibility. Social media, as a dominant communication tool, is often misused, resulting in privacy violations, the spread of inaccurate information, and other negative impacts. This study uses a literature approach to authentic hadiths and interpretations of verses of the Qur'an. The results of the study show that Islam prohibits the actions of tajasuss (spying) and ghibah (backbiting), as emphasized in the hadith: "Whoever spies on others, Allah will spy on him." In addition, QS. Al-Isra: 36 reminds us of the importance of verifying information before it is disseminated. The principle of amar ma'ruf nahi munkar requires social media users to encourage goodness, share positive content, and avoid destructive behavior, such as bullying or the spread of inappropriate content. The application of Islamic ethics in social media can reduce the negative impacts of technology while creating safer and more beneficial interactions in cyberspace.  

The rapid development of health technology has significantly contributed to healthcare services. Technologies such as Electronic Medical Records (EMR), telemedicine, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have improved healthcare accessibility. However, these advancements also present legal challenges, particularly regarding patient data protection and liability for medical errors (malpractice). Patients have the right to data privacy, and data breaches can have serious consequences. In Indonesia, regulations such as the Ministry of Health Regulation No. 24 of 2022 on Medical Records have been implemented to strengthen patient data security. However, legal gaps still exist, particularly concerning the responsibility of third-party technology providers. Additionally, the application of technology increases the risk of malpractice, especially in the use of AI and telemedicine, where diagnostic errors can occur. Current regulations, including Law No. 17 of 2023 on Medical Health, do not fully address liability for errors involving technology. Therefore, stronger legal certainty and more comprehensive regulations are needed to keep pace with the rapid development of health technologies.

Various aspect life man has changed in a way significant by revolution technology digital. Digital technology has created opportunities and new obstacles in many ways, such as the way people interact One The same other, Work, Study, And get service health. In article This, we will discuss how the digital technology revolution impacts areas such as economics, education, social interactions, and data security and privacy issues. This study finds ways in which technology digital increase productivity, efficiency, And inclusion. They Also find problem that need to be considered. They use literature study methods and secondary data analysis.

Legal protection of personal data in public information systems is an important aspect of maintaining individual privacy in the digital era. This journal examines various regulations governing personal data protection, including the Personal Data Protection Law and other related policies. This research uses a qualitative approach with case study analysis on several public agencies in Indonesia. The results show that despite the legal framework, the implementation of personal data protection still faces various challenges, such as a lack of understanding among public employees and a lack of socialization of individual rights. This study recommends the need for awareness raising and training for public agencies as well as strengthening supervisory mechanisms to ensure more effective personal data protection.

The rapid advancement of knowledge and information technology has reshaped the perspectives and lifestyles of Indonesian citizens, particularly through innovations like Artificial Intelligence (AI), which automates various tasks and simplifies human activities. However, the misuse of AI has become a critical issue in 2023, especially in spreading sophisticated fake information. To address this, Law No. 1 of 2024, amending Law No. 11 of 2008 on Information and Electronic Transactions, is expected to combat AI software misuse effectively. This study investigates the legal implications of AI misuse, particularly concerning privacy and personal data security, and examines its interpretation under Articles 27 and 32 of the Information and Electronic Transactions Law to enhance law enforcement and safeguard individual privacy rights. Using a normative legal research approach, the findings reveal that AI misuse, such as manipulating photos and videos, violates data protection laws, including the GDPR in the European Union and Indonesia’s Personal Data Protection Act. Such violations can lead to severe penalties, legal consequences, and reputational damage for companies. Recognized as a form of cybercrime, AI misuse is addressed under Article 35 of the Information and Electronic Transactions Law, which provides a specialized legal framework for handling such offenses comprehensively.

The development of information and communication technology in the digital era has a significant impact on the protection of personal data on social media. Rapid digitization not only facilitates data distribution and storage, but also increases the risk of cybercrime such as data theft, hacking, phishing and cyberbullying. This study aims to analyze effective prevention strategies in protecting personal information on social media. Using a qualitative approach through literature studies, questionnaires, as well as data analysis from trusted sources such as scientific journals and articles accessed through Google Scholar and Mendeley, this research found that users' awareness of personal data security is still low. The results show that many users have not implemented adequate preventive measures, such as changing passwords regularly or utilizing security features provided by social media platforms. Proposed prevention strategies include user education, strong password enforcement, account privacy settings, and increased awareness of cyber threats.