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By enacting legislation to protect, maintain and monitor the importance of human rights. Discrimination refers to unfair or unequal treatment of a person or group based on certain characteristics.Such as injustice regarding race, ethnicity, gender, religion, sexual orientation, or disability. This usually occurs in environments such as education, health services, residence and in social interactions. Ethnic discrimination occurs when individuals or groups are judged based on their ethnic origin, which includes cultural identity, language, or national origin. This ethnic discrimination can lead to unequal treatment in terms of economic opportunities, access to health services, or unfair treatment by related institutions. In Indonesia, racial and ethnic discrimination is also a problem faced, although in a different context from other countries. Even though Indonesia has rich cultural, linguistic and ethnic diversity, there are still challenges in ensuring fair treatment for all citizens. Several ethnic minority groups in Indonesia may face various obstacles in terms of access to quality education, decent work and adequate health services.

Human rights, especially the right to education for children with special needs, are guaranteed by various national and international regulations. The aim is to reveal the awareness of students at Indonesia University Of Education regarding the importance of the rights and obligations to go to school and obtain education for all people, including people with disabilities. Based on observations, there is a lack of concern for friends with disabilities who have not fully received their rights. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach to collect and analyze data related to the implementation of disability rights in the campus environment. The methods used included a literature study, preparation of question instruments, interviews, and observations of a sample of students from various study programs. The results highlight the importance of inclusive education and accessibility for people with disabilities, as well as the role of educational institutions in shaping the identity and values accepted by individuals and society.

The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates that the global population aged over 60 years will increase from 900 million in 2015 to 2 billion in 2050. This demographic is particularly vulnerable to disease and disability, with declining haemoglobin levels long considered a consequence of aging. Nutritional deficiencies, chronic diseases, kidney disease, haematological malignancies, and anemia of unknown cause can all contribute to anemia in the elderly. This significantly impacts physical performance, cognitive function, and overall health. We carried out this activity at St. Francis Assisi, Jakarta, with 36 participants. We perform a physical examination and a complete blood count, including haemoglobin and hematocrit levels, to detect nemia. Among the 36 participants, 18 people (50%) had mild anaemia, 6 people (16.7%) had moderate anaemia, and 1 person (2.8%) had very severe anaemia. Anaemia in the elderly can cause severe health consequences, including physical and cognitive decline, increased hospitalisations, and death. Routine screening for haemoglobin and hematocrit levels is essential for early detection and intervention, improving quality of life and health outcomes for older adults.

Low back pain (LBP) is a common health issue with a high prevalence in the population, including in rural areas. This study aims to explore the relationship between lower limb muscle flexibility, measured using the Sit and Reach Test (SART), and the level of disability due to LBP, assessed through the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire (OLBPDQ), among 92 respondents in Adikarso Village, Kebumen. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant negative relationship between limited muscle flexibility and the level of disability due to LBP (p = 0.04). Respondents with low flexibility (<8 cm) tended to experience LBP with severe disability (41%-60%), while better flexibility (9-16 cm) was associated with moderate to minimal disability. These findings underscore the importance of muscle flexibility in the prevention and management of LBP and support a multidisciplinary approach that includes improving flexibility, physical activity, and lifestyle modifications to reduce the burden of LBP and enhance quality of life.

Stroke is a functional disorder of the brain with varied clinical manifestations, which occurs suddenly due to disturbances in cerebral blood circulation. Stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability despite its increasing prevalence. Promotive and preventive efforts are still the main priority in efforts to reduce morbidity, disability and mortality. Early detection of someone who has risk factors is very necessary considering that stroke can attack anyone at any time. STIKES Kesdam IV/Diponegoro is a health university that has a vision of global competitiveness, so it really supports the Tri Dharma of Higher Education activities at the international level, including carrying out community service activities in the health sector in the Philippines. This community service activity is a promotional activity in the form of education about stroke and a preventive activity in the form of screening for stroke risk factors directly to the community. Screening is carried out for 3 stroke risk factors, namely blood pressure, cholesterol levels and blood sugar levels. The results of community service showed that after providing education using posters and leaflets, there was an increase in the knowledge of LBB Mabini Apartelle residents regarding definitions, modifiable risk factors, and stroke prevention. The health screening results of the 20 people examined showed that 40% had a risk of stroke from measuring blood pressure and 20% had a risk of stroke from measuring cholesterol.

Pregnant women are one of the populations at risk of contracting Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Syphilis, and Hepatitis B. The risk of mother-to-child transmission for HIV/AIDS is 20%-45%, for Syphilis is 69-80%, and for Hepatitis B it is more than 90%. Transmission of HIV, Syphilis and Hepatitis B from mother to child results in morbidity, disability and death. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between pregnant women's knowledge about Triple Elimination and compliance with examinations at the Tampo Health Center, Banyuwangi Regency in 2023. The research design is a correlation analytical cross sectional study approach, the population is pregnant women in the 2023 Tampo Health Center working area, totaling 390 pregnant women using an accidental sampling technique. .  The number of samples taken was 66 pregnant women. Statistical tests use Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney U with a significance level of 0.05 with SPSS. The research results showed that most of the pregnant women's knowledge about Triple Elimination was in the sufficient category, namely 36 respondents (54.5%), and compliance with the Triple Elimination examination at the Tampo Community Health Center was mostly in the Obedient category, namely 48 respondents (72.7%). There is a relationship between pregnant women's knowledge about Triple Elimination and compliance with examinations at the Tampo Health Center in 2023 (p-Value 0.023 < 0.05). The results of the research can provide additional knowledge so that in the future, if you become pregnant again, you can comply with the Triple Elimination examination and inform pregnant women to carry out the Triple Elimination examination.      

This study aims to describe the implementation of differentiation learning as an effort to strengthen the Pancasila Student Profile in the independent curriculum. This research is qualitative description research using library research methods. Using data analysis techniques in the form of reading and recording techniques. The results of this study show that the differentiated approach consists of three aspects, namely content differentiation, process differentiation, and product differentiation. 1) Content differentiation includes what students learn. In this regard, teachers modify the curriculum and teaching materials based on the learning styles and disability proceedings possessed by students. The content of the curriculum is adjusted to the circumstances and abilities of the students. 2) Process differentiation is the way students process and process ideas and information. How students interact with the material and how that interaction becomes a part that then determines student learning choices. Due to the many learning styles and differences in learning style choices presented by students, the class must be modified to accommodate different learning needs. 3) Product differentiation is how students demonstrate what they have learned. Learning products allow teachers to assess what material has been mastered by students and then present the next material. Student learning styles can also determine what student learning outcomes will be shown to the teacher.

Fracture is one of the causes of disability caused by trauma due to an accident. Fractures can be caused by direct trauma, for example a collision or blow that results in a broken bone. Splinting is an action carried out as first aid for musculoskeletal injuries so that the injured body part can rest, avoid shifting of the injured bone and reduce the level of pain. By using a splint, the skeletal muscles that are experiencing spasm will slowly relax, thereby reducing the level of pain and holding parts of the body from shifting and reducing pain. To determine the application of splint therapy to reduce the pain level of femur fracture patients in IGD at RSUD Tidar Magelang. The research method used a case report with the nursing intervention of providing splints on the pain level of fracture patients. Conducted 3 observations every 30 minutes on the patient Mr. M, 27 years old, who was involved in a traffic accident. From the results of the research, a nursing intervention was carried out, namely by providing a splint dressing for 3 observations every 30 minutes. The result was that there was a decrease in the level of pain before and after the splint dressing. Based on research conducted with Mr. Therefore, the reduction in pain levels in femur fracture patients with splint dressing in the emergency room at Tidar Hospital Magelang can be concluded that splint therapy has an effect on the pain level of fracture patients by reducing the level of the pain scale.

The aim of this research is to assess the importance of family support in encouraging academic success in children with visual disabilities. The main study in this research focuses on the role of the family in encouraging the academic achievement of children with visual disabilities and the approaches taken. Data collection in this research was through in-depth interviews. The results of this study highlight the important role of family support, particularly parental involvement, in promoting good outcomes for students with visual disabilities. Apart from support from family, educators and peers also play an important role in strengthening self-confidence, academic performance and improving skills in children with visual disabilities. Increased parental support is associated with increased motivation and empowerment to realize the potential of children with visual disabilities.  

In the midst of job competition between countries in Asia, people with disabilities must also fight for their place in the job market. People with disabilities, who may face physical, mental, intellectual, motor and sensory barriers, face the additional challenge of finding employment commensurate with their abilities and barriers. Although the Indonesian government has made efforts to provide equal rights to people with disabilities through laws and policies, many challenges remain. Many people with disabilities are forced to work in the informal sector with low wages, and low participation. Therefore, research on the career prospects and experiences of individuals with disabilities is important in identifying the obstacles faced and exploring solutions that can improve disability inclusion in the world of work. Literature studies can provide valuable insights into the potential and problems experienced by people with disabilities in finding and maintaining employment, and provide a basis for the development of more inclusive policies and more effective support. By encouraging better accessibility and providing appropriate support services, communities and governments can help people with disabilities develop their potential and achieve success in their careers, while ensuring that work environments become more inclusive for all individuals, regardless of background or physical condition.

The position of humans in the eyes of God is considered equal, but often it is humans themselves who create differences in treatment towards fellow humans. This differential treatment is particularly felt by individuals with physical, mental, or intellectual limitations, known as people with disabilities. Disability is defined as a condition in which someone experiences long-term physical, intellectual, mental, and/or sensory limitations, resulting in obstacles and difficulties in social interaction. This article discusses the challenges and opportunities faced by people with disabilities in the workplace, as well as the government's role in creating inclusive employment opportunities and laws that protect their rights in the workplace. Despite the existence of many laws regulating this matter, people with disabilities often still face discrimination in the workplace. The method used in writing this article is through literature review, involving understanding and learning theories relevant to the topic.

The development of the automotive world is currently growing rapidly, in achieving the company's goals to produce the quality of products that are in accordance with the customer's expectations. Companies must be able to create products with good quality, so that companies are able to compete in the market and can develop their business. There are many methods that discuss quality with their own characteristics. This study aims to analyze the implementation of production quality spare production of four-wheeled vehicles, especially the component number 5761 at PT Adyawinsa Stamping Industrials. The method applied in this study was the Statistical Quality Control (SQC) method. A quality control analysis was carried out using ventral statistical tools in the form of checking sheet, histogram, control chart, pareto chart, causal diagrams due to, recording the diagram, and stratification. The results of this study indicate that the product quality at PT Adyawinsa Stamping Industriales is still found in product disability. Main factors that influence product disability include due to human factors, machines, methods, materials, and environment.

The Surabaya City Government is part of the Regional Government is obliged to carry out government affairs related to basic services, including in the social sector carried out by the Social Service. The purpose of this study is to find out more about one of the services owned by the Surabaya City Social Office in the welfare of people with disabilities, namely the distribution of disability aids which are distributed free of charge and directly delivered to the homes of beneficiaries. The research method used in this study is qualitative which is carried out by literature studies based on applicable laws and regulations and interviews with Social Service employees which aim to understand more deeply about the topics in this study so that the author can present accurate data. The hope of this service is that it can provide convenience and comfort of service to the people of Surabaya in receiving assistance because it is delivered directly by officers from the Social Service. 

This study aims to describe the implementation of differentiation learning as an effort to strengthen the Pancasila Student Profile in the independent curriculum. This research is qualitative description research using library research methods. Using data analysis techniques in the form of reading and recording techniques. The results of this study show that the differentiated approach consists of three aspects, namely content differentiation, process differentiation, and product differentiation. 1) Content differentiation includes what students learn. In this regard, teachers modify the curriculum and teaching materials based on the learning styles and disability proceedings possessed by students. The content of the curriculum is adjusted to the circumstances and abilities of the students. 2) Process differentiation is the way students process and process ideas and information. How students interact with the material and how that interaction becomes a part that then determines student learning choices. Due to the many learning styles and differences in learning style choices presented by students, the class must be modified to accommodate different learning needs. 3) Product differentiation is how students demonstrate what they have learned. Learning products allow teachers to assess what material has been mastered by students and then present the next material. Student learning styles can also determine what student learning outcomes will be shown to the teacher.

A person's reduced ability to see images while performing daily activities or the malfunctioning of their sense of sight is referred to as a visual disability. Children with visual impairments are entitled to a supportive education that will help them excel in school. Parental social support can help with this. The purpose of this study is to find out the social support that parents provide to their children with visual disabilities to help them achieve academically, as well as the factors that hinder and support the implementation of social support. This study was conducted using a qualitative method, descriptive research type, with purposive sampling with four respondents. Interviews, observation, and documentation were used to collect data. The results showed that academic achievement of children with visual disabilities is influenced by parental social support, which includes emotional support, appreciation, instrumental support, information support, and group support. The development of academic skills and cognitive development is influenced by the characteristics of visual disability. This relates to the important role played by parents and SLB - A Pembina Tingkat Nasional school in educating their children who have visual disabilities. Parents provide information or advice verbally or nonverbally that has a positive impact on the action or emotional in the activity.

Education is one of the efforts made to improve the quality of Indonesian human resources. Education can be obtained through formal, informal and non-formal educational institutions. This research was motivated by various cases that occurred related to the limited education received by children with special needs, and quite a few of these children even experienced discriminatory treatment. This research aims to reveal the characteristics of children with special needs who experience physical disabilities and educational service models that can be developed so that children with special needs obtain their educational rights. The research method is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of literature studies from various references relevant to the symptoms observed. The collected data was analyzed descriptively qualitatively so that variations in the characteristics and models of educational services for children with special needs could be seen. The results of the research show that basically there are two categories of children with special needs, namely children with special needs who are temporary (temporary), namely learning obstacles caused by external factors such as trauma experienced in previous events and children with special needs who are permanent (permanent), namely learning obstacles that caused by internal factors such as a direct result of the disability experienced. The forms of services that can be taken for children with special needs are the form of segregated education services and the form of unified or integrated education services. 

This article discusses children who experience movement and motor barriers / disabilities, disabilities include children with special needs because they have physical disorders that interfere with movement due to congenital bone structure abnormalities, illness, or due to accidents, such as polio and paralysis, The way to communicate with children with disabilities is by: (1) Everyone must change his perspective on children with disabilities and realize that everyone has disadvantages and advantages; (2) Everyone shall pay attention to the readiness of the school, including its administration, principal, and students; and (3) provide special facilities for persons with disabilities. (4) Embrace them so that they can blend in with the general public and not feel inferior. This research uses a qualitative approach where the data collected for this research is collected through reviews of journals, books, and other sources of information relevant to the research topic Data analysis is carried out through a descriptive approach, which involves data reduction techniques, data analysis, and drawing conclusions. So according to the results of the study there are several causes of disorder 1. Before birth 2. At birth 3. After birth.

The purpose to be achieved from this study is to find out how efforts are made by librarians to improve the wearability of braille collections in the Library and Archives Office of North Sumatra Province. This research uses descriptive analysis method using qualitative approach. With data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews and documentation. The informant in this study focused on librarians who served as managers of braille collections at the Library and Archives Office of North Sumatra province. The results of this study obtained information that librarians of the North Sumatra Provincial Library and Archives Office have efforts to increase braille collections, namely: 1.) Promoting braille collections, 2.) Cooperation between libraries and disability organizations, 3.) Conducting counseling, 4.) Development and preservation of braille collections. Librarians' efforts in improving the wearability of braille collections are carried out so that braille collections can be put to good use by blind people.

A caregiver is someone who provides physical or emotional care for individuals who suffer from illness or disability, usually the individual is someone they love. The aim of this research is to find out how caregivers experience caring for members who experience mental disorders, with pastoral conversations with caregivers. The research method used is a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach with (in-depth interviews), early symptoms of children experiencing mental disorders, feelings that arise when hearing children experiencing mental disorders, social responses of children experiencing mental disorders (discrimination), alternatives in the treatment of children experiencing mental disorders. mental disorders, family perceptions when children experience mental disorders. The results of research conducted by the author at the Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ildrem Mental Hospital in Medan, show that there are several family members who are providing outpatient care to a family member who is ODGJ, and they are being cared for by their own family, starting from parents, older brothers, sisters, relatives, aunt, and also uncle.

A caregiver is someone who provides physical or emotional care for individuals who suffer from illness or disability, usually the individual is someone they love. The aim of this research is to find out how caregivers experience caring for members who experience mental disorders, with pastoral conversations with caregivers. The research method used is a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach with (in-depth interviews), early symptoms of children experiencing mental disorders, feelings that arise when hearing children experiencing mental disorders, social responses of children experiencing mental disorders (discrimination), alternatives in the treatment of children experiencing mental disorders. mental disorders, family perceptions when children experience mental disorders. The results of research conducted by the author at the Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ildrem Mental Hospital in Medan, show that there are several family members who are providing outpatient care to a family member who is ODGJ, and they are being cared for by their own family, starting from parents, older brothers, sisters, relatives, aunt, and also uncle.