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The aim of this research is to find out whether there is a difference in the learning activity of students who use the reciprocal teaching model compared to conventional ones in class VIII Christian Religious Education and Character education at SMP Negeri 2 Pollung for the 2023/2024 academic year. The research hypothesis is: "The Reciprocal Teaching Model has a positive and significant effect on the Learning Activeness of Christian Religious Education and Character Education Students in Class VIII of SMP Negeri 2 Pollung for the 2023/2024 Academic Year." The population is all students who are Protestant Christians in Class VIII of SMP Negeri 2 Pollung which consists of 6 classes totaling 180 students. The research sample was determined using the Purposive Sampling technique, namely 30 students in class VIII5 as the experimental class which used the reciprocal teaching model and 30 students in class VIII4 as the control class which used ordinary treatment (conventional class). This research method is the Quasi Experimental Design method using a Nonequivalent Control Design. The instrument used in this research was a test with 30 items. Research data for the questionnaire was analyzed using the average difference test formula (N-Gain Score). It was found that the average value for the experimental class was 0.6370 in the medium category, while the average value for the control class was 0.2531. in the low category so it is known that increasing the Learning Activeness of Class VIII Christian Religious Education and Character Education students at SMP Negeri 2 Pollung for the 2023/2024 academic year is more effective using the Reciprocal Teaching model than using conventional treatment. Then carrying out an independent test using the t test obtained a value of t = 7.040 > t table (α = 0.05; df = 58) = 2,000. Thus, it can be concluded that the research hypothesis is accepted, namely that there is a difference in the learning activity of students before and after learning with the Reciprocal Teaching Model in Learning Christian Religious Education and Character Education for Class VIII SMP Negeri 2 Pollung for the 2023/2024 Academic Year and H0 is rejected.

This research is the qualitative research which aim to know the classroom ambience when using hangman game and to find out the teachers perceive in using hangman game as a medium in teaching vocabulary. This research was conducted on May 2024 in the class of VIII Bilingual B at Al-Azhar Medan Junior High School. Observation and interview were the technique of data collection that used in this research which were carried out directly with 2 teachers who had a long experience in teaching English and used the hangman game as a medium in the vocabulary teaching and learning process. The model of interactive data analysis by Miles and Huberman (1984) is used as the technique of analyzing the data in this research. The findings from the data that have been analyzed show that when using the hangman game, the classroom ambience look supportive, nice, and joyful in supporting the teaching and learning process run well. Both of the teachers have positive and negative perception about using hangman game. Both of the teachers also stated that hangman game is one of appropriate medium to use for the students who want to recall or add their vocabulary. This research provides several useful information, especially for English teacher who need references about tool or media for teaching vocabulary.

Learning videos are a medium or tool used in the educational process to convey information, concepts or learning materials to students using visual and audio elements. The aim of this design is to make teaching and learning activities enjoyable and effective. This learning video was made using Adobe After Effects to create the animation. The design of this learning video uses the ADDIE method. Then to collect data using a questionnaire with 6 question indicators, from the 6 question indicators a score of 57.5% was obtained, so it can be concluded that this learning animation video can be said to be successful and able to help in teaching and learning activities at MIM Pundungrejo. , Tawangsari, Sukoharjo. This 2D animated learning video contains roots, stems, leaves, fruit and flowers. This design aims to make students interested in studying and knowing the structure of plants and their functions in everyday life.

This study examines the strategy for selecting Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teaching methods at the Dwi Farma Pharmacy Academy in Bukittinggi. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, the research involved 20 participants including PAI lecturers, students, and academy leaders. Results show that method selection is influenced by pharmacy students' characteristics, the need to contextualize PAI materials with pharmaceutical ethics, technology availability, and diversity in students' religious knowledge. Interactive and problem-based methods prove more effective. Main challenges include time constraints and learning technology optimization. The research recommends developing integrated modules, enhancing lecturers' technology competence, implementing peer mentoring, and fostering collaboration between PAI and pharmacy lecturers. This study contributes to the development of effective PAI learning strategies in pharmacy higher education institutions.

In the modern era, 21st century skills and chemistry concepts become very crucial to face global challenges. This study aims to analyse the representation of 21st  century skills and chemistry concepts in the film The Martian (2015). This research uses content analysis method with a qualitative approach. The findings show that the film depicts skills such as Problem-solving, collaboration, critical thinking, research skills, effective communication, technological literacy, and adaptability, as well as chemistry concepts such as chemical property/property of oxygen, green chemistry, electro chemistry, chemistry reaction, Stoichiometry, Radiochemistry, physical chemistry, Chemistry Reaction: Reduction-Oxidation reaction. The implications of this study underscore the potential of films as an effective learning medium for teaching scientific skills and concepts that are important in STEM education. It is recommended that educators utilise film as a tool in the learning process.  

The pedagogical competence of Catholic religious education teachers in implementing the School Literacy Movement (SLM) is crucial for enhancing students' literacy skills, which contribute to character development. This study aims to describe the implementation of the pedagogical competence of Catholic religious education teachers in the school literacy movement at SD Negeri 004 Datah Bilang Ulu. This qualitative study employed interviews, observations, and documentation to collect data from 10 informants, consisting of Catholic religious education teachers, homeroom teachers, the principal, and students. The collected data were analyzed using interactive analysis, starting from data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the implementation of the pedagogical competence of Catholic STRATEGI PEMASARAN YANG DILAKUKAN DI PLAZA TUNJUNGAN III SURABAYA DALAM MEMASARKAN SEMUA PRODUKNYA 2 Lumen - VOLUME 1, NO. 1, JUNI 2022 religious education teachers in SLM includes: (1) literacy guidance outside of school, (2) extending literacy learning to the home, (3) introducing basic literacy, and (4) using creative teaching methods. This shows that Catholic religious education teachers are capable of understanding students' learning characteristics, using diverse and adaptive teaching methods, and communicating effectively to facilitate efficient learning in supporting students' literacy skills. However, based on the evaluation results, the SLM program at this school is still in its initial implementation phase or habituation phase. This indicates that the school is not yet fully prepared to implement SLM comprehensively, primarily due to a lack of resources, the roles of teachers, the principal, and community participation that have not been maximized, as well as the need for increased government support. This means that while the school is committed, it has not yet implemented it according to the established guidelines and has not reached the stage of providing innovations and becoming a driver for advancing SLM.

The pedagogical competence of Catholic religious education teachers in implementing the School Literacy Movement (SLM) is crucial for enhancing students' literacy skills, which contribute to character development. This study aims to describe the implementation of the pedagogical competence of Catholic religious education teachers in the school literacy movement at SD Negeri 004 Datah Bilang Ulu. This qualitative study employed interviews, observations, and documentation to collect data from 10 informants, consisting of Catholic religious education teachers, homeroom teachers, the principal, and students. The collected data were analyzed using interactive analysis, starting from data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the implementation of the pedagogical competence of Catholic STRATEGI PEMASARAN YANG DILAKUKAN DI PLAZA TUNJUNGAN III SURABAYA DALAM MEMASARKAN SEMUA PRODUKNYA 2 Lumen - VOLUME 1, NO. 1, JUNI 2022 religious education teachers in SLM includes: (1) literacy guidance outside of school, (2) extending literacy learning to the home, (3) introducing basic literacy, and (4) using creative teaching methods. This shows that Catholic religious education teachers are capable of understanding students' learning characteristics, using diverse and adaptive teaching methods, and communicating effectively to facilitate efficient learning in supporting students' literacy skills. However, based on the evaluation results, the SLM program at this school is still in its initial implementation phase or habituation phase. This indicates that the school is not yet fully prepared to implement SLM comprehensively, primarily due to a lack of resources, the roles of teachers, the principal, and community participation that have not been maximized, as well as the need for increased government support. This means that while the school is committed, it has not yet implemented it according to the established guidelines and has not reached the stage of providing innovations and becoming a driver for advancing SLM.

This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Al-Qur'an learning program implemented in Dusun 1, Riak Siabun I Village. The focus of this research is to assess how the program can improve children's understanding of makhrojul letters and tajwid, as well as identifying factors factors that influence the success or obstacles in its implementation. This method of service is a persuasive method for study participants. The use of this method is considered suitable for subtly inviting or encouraging the general public to take part in an activity. The results of this research show that there are several children who have not mastered the pronunciation of the letters of the Koran and recitation of the Koran well. Apart from that, in this village there is still a lack of facilities and infrastructure as well as teaching staff for Al-Qur'an learning. Based on these findings, we then held a learning program to recite the Koran to improve the understanding of makhrojul letters and tajwid among children in hamlet 1, Riak Sibun 1 village, Sukaraja sub-district, Seluma district.

Understanding the development of Arabic through interest in learning for students is one of the important and useful things for the future. Understanding Arabic is also one of the keys to mastering foreign languages, especially in this developing era. This research method uses empirical type research that uses field data as a data source, for example the results of interviews, observations and documentation. This research uses a qualitative approach, which is a research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people or observable behavior. The results of this study indicate that the program run can increase learning interest in the development of Arabic language of the students by using several teaching methods both interactively and combined.

This study aims to implement the cooperative learning model of Team Games Tournament (TGT) to improve students' understanding of mathematical concepts on fractions at SDN 07 Tilamuta. The research method used is classroom action research (CAR) with two cycles, each consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study were 30 fifth-grade students. The results indicate that the application of the TGT learning model can enhance students' understanding of mathematical concepts. This is evidenced by the increase in the average test scores of concept understanding in each cycle. In the first cycle, the average student score was 65, which increased to 80 in the second cycle. Furthermore, students' learning activities also improved, marked by their active participation in group discussions and game tournaments. In conclusion, the implementation of the TGT cooperative learning model is effective in improving students' understanding of mathematical concepts on fractions at SDN 07 Tilamuta. It is recommended that teachers consider using this learning model in teaching mathematics for other topics as well.

This research aims to describe the values ​​of character education and reveal the meaning of the character values ​​contained in the Batok dance at the Mutiara Minang Dance and Music Art Studio. This type of research is qualitative research using descriptive methods. The instrument for this research is the researcher himself and is assisted by supporting instruments such as writing equipment and a camera. Data was collected through literature study, observation, interviews and documentation. The steps to analyze data are collecting data, identifying data, classifying data, describing data and concluding data. The results of the research show that the Batok Dance at Sanggar Mutiara Minang contains character education values. So that it can be used as a lesson for the surrounding community and dance performers. Learning in this case is an effort to build character that is applied to oneself and the wider community. The character education values ​​contained in the Batok Dance at Sanggar Mutiara Minang can be classified as character education values ​​related to God, others and oneself. Batok Dance at the Mutiara Minang Art Studio teaches that humans should always be connected to God. The character values ​​of his relationship with God consist of worshiping God, begging God, giving thanks to God, surrendering to God. In the values ​​of character education, it is related to responsibility, teaching people to be responsible for every action and activity they carry out. In the values ​​of character education, the relationship with ourselves is that we must not give up on something, curiosity encourages us to correct mistakes and become better. Because curiosity makes us more insightful individuals who know what to do and what not to do.

This research aims to determine the effect of the direct teaching instruction learning model on student on volleyball passing at MTs Ciniru. This research is quantitative research with the design used is one group pretest-posttest design. The subjects f this research were class VIII students at MTS Ciniru, and the sample used was 15 students. The research instrument used was a test on students in carrying out upper passing learning. The research results obtained tcount of 23,196  and t tabel value of 1.753. Therefore, the value of tcount >ttabel means it can be concluded that the direct teaching instruction method can improve the upper passing ability of class VIII students  at MTs Ciniru. The magnitude of the increase in upper passing ability, after being given direct teaching instruction training  to class class VIII/A students at MTs Ciniru.

This devotion discusses the Role of Teachers and KKN Students in Teaching the Quran at TPQ Miftahul Khairot, Desa Bukit Peninjauan I. KKN student devotion  to help and teach the Quran to children. This activity not only focuses on knowledge transfer, but also involves various supporting aspects such as collaboration with TPQ teachers in order to improve the quality of Qur'an learning. This study aims to determine the role of teachers and KKN students in teaching the Qur'an at TPQ Miftahul Khairot, Desa Bukit Peninjauan I. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with observation, interview, and documentation methods. The results of this study show the role of teachers, namely as teachers, motivators, facilitators and supervisors. Meanwhile, the role of students as teachers, motivators and documentation

This study aims to examine the strengthening of teacher competencies among student teachers participating in the Field Experience Practice (PPL) at SMKN 1 Sangatta Utara, which is a partner school of STAI Sangatta. The background of this research is based on the importance of teacher competencies in the era of Education 4.0 and the strategic role of the PPL program in equipping prospective teachers with adequate pedagogical, professional, social, and personal competencies. The research employed a qualitative approach with a phenomenological method, utilizing interviews, observations, and documentation as data collection techniques. The results of the study indicate that the PPL program at SMKN 1 Sangatta Utara is effective in developing the four key competencies of prospective teachers: pedagogical, professional, social, and personal. This competency strengthening includes the ability of students to design student-centered learning, develop communication skills, and integrate technology into teaching. This research is expected to contribute to the improvement and development of the PPL program in the future and serve as a reference for other higher education institutions in preparing competent and adaptive prospective teachers in the digital era.

study aims to improve students' learning outcomes in understanding geometric shapes, particularly in surface area and volume, through the use of cube and rectangular prism teaching aids. Sixth-grade students at UPTD SD Negeri 3 Bakam often struggle with this topic, primarily due to difficulties in grasping multiplication concepts and related formulas. The method used in this research is a cooperative learning approach with teaching aids designed to facilitate student comprehension. The study was conducted in two cycles. In the pre-cycle phase, only 33.33% of the 21 students scored above the minimum passing grade (70), while 66.67% scored below it. After applying the method in Cycle I, learning mastery increased to 61.33%, with 12 students achieving a score of 70 or above. In Cycle II, learning outcomes improved significantly, with 95.33% of students achieving mastery. Additionally, the teacher's teaching effectiveness improved, with an average score of 82.38, categorized as good. The results indicate that the use of cube and rectangular prism teaching aids can enhance students' understanding of surface area and volume concepts, contributing significantly to their academic performance improvement

Education is a procedure. Because, this affects everyone at some point in their lives. The interaction between individuals and their environment is what leads to the learning process. Thus, education can take place anywhere and at any time. Even though what is actually happening in the field is still critical because it has not yet achieved the expected level of success. Therefore, there are several aspects that a teacher needs to pay attention to in order to increase learning effectiveness. With the existing problems, it can be said that classroom management is a solution in the act of organizing or managing something so that it can run smoothly, successfully and efficiently. In teaching and learning activities, students need something that allows them to communicate effectively with each other, with the teacher, with other students, with the environment, with teaching materials, and with themselves. Therefore the aim of classroom management is to create a favorable classroom environment where each student can perform to the best of his ability.

This research explores the effectiveness of religious singing methods in teaching the Pillars of Faith and the Pillars of Islam to young children at MDTA Al-Jauharotunnaqqiyyah, Kedung Baya. Character education at an early age is very important to form a strong personality, and instilling Islamic values from an early age plays a significant role in this process. This research method uses a qualitative approach with a case study design, involving direct observation and interviews with students to collect data about their understanding of religious teachings and their impact on behavior and character. The research results show that the religious singing method is effective in increasing children's understanding of the Pillars of Faith and the Pillars of Islam, as well as increasing their involvement in learning. Positive responses from parents and teachers confirm that this method   makes   religious   teachings   more   interesting   and applicable. However, challenges such as differences in children's levels of understanding, limited resources, and integration with the curriculum need to be overcome to maximize the effectiveness of this method. This research concludes that the religious singing method is an innovative approach that can be widely applied to support character education, with continuous evaluation and adjustment as the key to success.

The author's motivation for undertaking this study stems from a previous observation that instructors continued to employ an expository method that was monotonous and devoid of variety. The instructor primarily employs the lecture method to impart the learning material, which restricts their ability to utilise infrastructure and facilities such as mind mapping and concentration for the students. This form of inquiry employs descriptive qualitative research methodology, specifically characterising a symptom associated with a current event. By utilising data collection methods such as documentation, interviews, and observation. Class V students served as the primary informants, while the Islamic Religious Education Instructor and the School Principal provided supplementary information. Following this, the author conducts data analysis through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing from the study. The findings of the study indicate that: 1) The expository method was implemented with PAI subjects. After conducting research on its learning applications, it has been optimised. Because educators possess a professional demeanour and impart knowledge in accordance with their academic credentials. 2) Possessing assets that serve as corroborating elements in the instructor's implementation and utilisation of learning resources pertaining to Islamic religious education that are accessible and deemed satisfactory in their efficacy. However, there are impediments: a) the teacher's capacity to design learning is constrained (insufficient), b) the length of the teacher's explanations is excessive, c) the reliance on textbooks lacks creativity and is monotonous, and d) educators' endeavours to surmount challenges are also hindered. when the expository method is applied to PAI subjects:. 3) Efforts made by educators to overcome inhibiting factors in the application of expository methods, especially in PAI subjects, can be overcome by developing expository methods, such as using teaching aids, and supplementing with worksheets, and using textbooks that are less imaginative, rigid, and emphasized. on factual learning, memorization, and so on. Thus, it can be stated that the application of the expository method in the implementation of the Islamic Religious Education learning process produces a good learning process and can improve student learning achievement.

This study explored the impact of colorful pictures on vocabulary teaching effectiveness for students at TKK Santa Maria Tulungagung. Utilizing a pre-experimental one-group pre-test and post-test design, the research involved TKK Santa Maria Tulungagung students who engaged with colorful pictures. Analysis was conducted using the SPSS 27 statistical program. Findings indicated a significant improvement in vocabulary mastery among students using colorful pictures, with a two-tailed sig. value of 0.006, which is below the 0.05 threshold. The incorporation of colorful pictures not only enhanced understanding but also made the learning process more engaging and enjoyable. Consequently, colorful pictures are deemed an effective strategy for teaching vocabulary to kindergarten students. This research aims to assist teachers in selecting more innovative and efficient methods to enhance vocabulary acquisition at the early childhood education level.

The outcomes of teaching football passing skills to pupils in the VB class at SDN Putat Gede 1/94 Surabaya. Initially, there were numerous scores that fell below the criterion. This is substantiated by a mere 60% of the overall student population. Considering this objective, the researcher intends to carry out Classroom Action Research (PTK) utilising drill and game techniques to enhance student learning results in the VB class at SDN Putat Gede 1/94 Surabaya. After employing a methodology that combines drilling exercises and interactive games. The method is executed in two cycles, each consisting of two games. During cycle 1, there was a rise from 60% to 68%. Furthermore, during cycle II, there was a notable rise from 68% to 80%, which mirrors the increase observed in cycle I. Based on these findings, it can be inferred that utilising drill and game techniques can enhance the educational achievements in passing content for VB class students at SDN Putat Gede 1/94 Surabaya.