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Currently, the need for office buildings in the city of Surabaya is increasing along with the development of the economy in the city of Surabaya. PT X plans to contribute to meeting these needs, namely by building an office building in the city of Surabaya. This research was designed to calculate and determine the estimated magnitude of the impact of noise levels resulting from PT X's operational activities. Based on the calculation of the estimated magnitude of the impact, it is known that the noise level at the activity location without any activity is 52.4 dB(A) with a medium environmental quality value category (scale 3) and with operational activities producing a noise level of 67.64 dB(A). with the environmental quality value category being very bad (scale 1), so that the difference in environmental quality value between the noise level with activities and the noise level without activities is 2 (Medium Negative). Meanwhile, the noise level in settlements around the activity location without any activity is 47.8 dB(A) with a medium environmental quality value category (scale 4) and with operational activities producing a noise level of 54.66 dB(A) with the category The environmental quality value is medium (scale 3), so the difference in environmental quality value between the noise level with activities and the noise level without activities is 1 (Small Negative).

PT. Dian Swastatika Sentosa generates electricity through a private thermal power plant. This company produces steam and electricity for paper mills. The company hopes to meet its steam and electricity needs in 2023 with a boiler with a load capacity of 180 tons and a maximum capacity of 220 tons. However, from February to July 2023, that goal was not achieved. The most common problems faced by this company are the failure to conduct preventive inspections and timely machine maintenance, as well as the failure to carry out necessary repairs. Delays in machine repairs, which result in inconsistent machine downtime schedules to meet customer demand, leading to damage to boiler equipment, causing abnormal boiler operation and reduced steam production. This research aims to design equipment to withstand operational impacts using failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) with the Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) and reliability-centered maintenance (RCM) techniques. The RCM method assists in identifying the processes that must be followed to guarantee that a machine or system performs as intended. RCM can also be used to design, choose, and create alternative maintenance methods that are focused on safety, operations, standards, and economics. For the entire problem in the investigation, a dynamic model is necessary. An analytical system is used in this model in order to recognize and duplicate the features of the overall system., as well as to provide repair solutions and address the burden of the problem. This research produces a presentation in the form of problem identification, causal loops, diagrams of machines that frequently experience failures, rich images of the causes and effects of the ball plate crusher liner damage, root cause definitions, and conceptual models for repair and maintenance. business productivity and debating process. 

Automotive exhibitions such as GAIKINDO Jakarta Auto Week (GJAW) require various important elements for their success, one of which is the role of volunteers. Volunteers are individuals who voluntarily and selflessly provide their time, energy, and skills to support social, humanitarian, or organizational activities. In the context of GJAW, they play an important role in the smooth running of the event by helping to manage visitors, supporting various activities organized by the organizers and participants, and providing information about the products and promotions offered. They also play a role in organizing the exhibition location and helping visitors to get a better experience during the event. The efficient and organized role of volunteers is one of the factors that supports the smooth running of operations and increases visitor satisfaction in this large-scale event.

This qualitative literature review explores the impact of stringent environmental policies on environmental risk management and audit costs. It investigates the evolving role of environmental regulations in shaping corporate risk management strategies, particularly focusing on how businesses address environmental risks and the associated costs of audits. The review synthesizes findings from various studies, highlighting the importance of integrating environmental risk management into corporate governance structures to mitigate financial and legal risks. It also emphasizes the necessity of environmental audits in ensuring compliance with regulatory frameworks, despite their associated costs. The review concludes that while the initial costs of environmental audits may be high, their long-term benefits, including regulatory compliance, risk reduction, and improved stakeholder relations, justify the investment. Future research should address the challenges faced by SMEs and explore the geographical and sector-specific differences in managing environmental risks.

This qualitative literature review examines the impact of strengthened tax enforcement on corporate cash holdings, synthesizing findings from recent empirical studies. The review highlights that enhanced tax enforcement prompts firms to adopt precautionary cash management strategies, often resulting in higher cash reserves to mitigate tax-related risks. Key factors influencing this relationship include firm size, governance quality, industry characteristics, and jurisdictional tax policies. Cross-country comparisons reveal significant variations, with institutional frameworks playing a crucial role in shaping corporate responses. While stricter enforcement ensures compliance, it may inadvertently constrain investment and operational efficiency due to increased liquidity demands. This study underscores the complexity of corporate financial decision-making under tax enforcement pressures and identifies gaps for future research, particularly in emerging markets.  

This quantitative study uses SmartPLS3 to analyze the main issues related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on MICE (Meeting, Incentive, Convention, and Exhibition) business actors, as well as the role of the hybrid model in maintaining the sustainability of MICE activities in Indonesia. This study focuses on five representative cities that are the main targets of MICE activities according to the government's strategic plan, namely Jakarta, Bogor, Bali, Yogyakarta, and Malang. The COVID-19 pandemic that has hit various countries, including Indonesia, for more than a year, has brought major challenges. The tourism and MICE sectors are among the most affected, with many business actors forced to stop their operations and switch to alternative sectors such as culinary, agriculture, and plantations as a means of survival. However, the emergence of the hybrid model has become an important solution for the MICE sector. Some alternative solutions adopted during the pandemic include organizing virtual MICE events, virtual tourism, webinars, and meetings through platforms such as Google Meet and Zoom. Teleconferencing has also become an important tool to maintain engagement. These adaptations highlight the increasing reliance on advanced technology to ensure the sustainability of the MICE industry. The implementation of these activities requires high creativity and quality in order to run well. This change emphasizes the importance of continuous innovation and utilization of technology by MICE industry players to navigate the ever-evolving landscape.

This study discusses the role of the government in promoting Islamic moderation in North Sumatra. Through qualitative and quantitative data analysis from 15 academic sources, the author concludes that the government’s main strategy is to make education an effective tool to preserve moderate values. Interfaith dialogue forums are an important platform for local residents to understand and appreciate differences. The results of the study indicate that government efforts have succeeded in reducing indicators of radicalism and increasing the level of social tolerance among the community. However, there are still several active obstacles such as economic instability and ignoring the participation of non-Muslim communities that must be further addressed by the government so that the implementation of Islamic moderation remains stable and develops positively. Integration of moderate values ​​in the context of local culture is a strategic step towards a harmonious and prosperous society.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Audio-Lingual Method (ALM) on students' pronunciation performance. Proper pronunciation is one of the important aspects in foreign language learning, especially English, which is often a challenge for students. This study was conducted using a quasi-experimental design, in which two different groups of students were given different treatments: one group was given instruction using the Audio-Lingual method, while the other group was given the conventional method. Data was collected through pronunciation tests conducted before and after the intervention. The results showed a significant improvement in the pronunciation performance of students who received treatment with the Audio-Lingual method compared to the control group. The findings support the hypothesis that the Audio-Lingual method is effective in improving students' pronunciation skills. This study makes an important contribution to language teaching, particularly in improving students' pronunciation skills through a more structured and repetitive approach.

This training aims to empower the Youth Organization of Sinar Bhakti Village to optimize Instagram as a medium for information dissemination and community services. The main problem identified is the lack of understanding and skills among Youth Organization members in effectively utilizing social media to support local activities and community needs. The training methods included material delivery through presentations, group discussions, and hands-on practices with a participatory approach. Participants were trained to create relevant, engaging, and informative content and learned professional techniques for managing Instagram accounts. The results of the training revealed that participants gained a better understanding of digital communication strategies, such as utilizing Instagram features to disseminate information, promote village activities, and enhance community interaction. Participants also demonstrated increased confidence in managing social media as a primary means of communication with the community. Overall, this training successfully enhanced the capacity of the Youth Organization to leverage digital technology for empowering local communities.

This study examines the opportunities and challenges in entrepreneurship of English courses for children in Indonesia, focusing on crucial issues such as fierce competition, limited resources, and changes in education policies. The main problem identified is the difficulty of course institutions in attracting parents' attention and retaining qualified teachers. This research aims to provide in-depth insight into market dynamics and strategies that entrepreneurs can apply. The research method used is a demographic study with data collection through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The results show that despite the high demand for English language courses, challenges such as competition and resource constraints must be faced with innovation and effective collaboration. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of adaptation and development of appropriate programs to improve the competitiveness of course institutions.

Globalisation introduces substantial changes to human existence, combined with in social, economic and cultural elements. However, these adjustments furthermore offer critical obstacles, specifically for Muslims, United Nations agency generally need to confront beliefs and practices that contrast with monotheism teachings. With an emphasis on social, economic, and cultural facets, this analysis seeks to examine the applicability of Qur'anic interpretation in addressing the issues of globalization. It is intended that a wide range of flexible and conversational approaches to interpretation will provide fresh perspectives on how the holy text's lessons remain pertinent and relevant in today's modern world. Using literature reviews and material gathered from a variety of contemporary commentary, books, scientific papers, and journals, a qualitative analysis technique is employed. The findings of the analysis demonstrate that a discourse interpretation of the Qur'an will address the problems of economic injustice, social inequality, and the cultural psychological state brought on by globalization. Finally, in order to respond to the problems of globalization and ensure that the teachings of the Qur'an remain relevant in the current era, a dynamic interpretation method is absolutely essential.

Maintenance is one of the important aspects of married life that is regulated in Islamic law. In this context, an understanding of the maintenance of poor husbands becomes very crucial, especially in the perspective of Imam Abu Hanifah. This study aims to examine Imam Abu Hanifah's view on the obligation of maintenance for husbands who are poor and its implications for the social and economic life of the family. This research methodology uses a qualitative approach with literature analysis from various sources, including fiqh books and scientific journals. The results show that even though the husband is poor, he still has the responsibility to provide maintenance according to his ability.

Patient satisfaction is one of the benchmarks for assessing a hospital's success in providing services. Quality targets in nutrition services based on hospital Minimum Service Standards include three indicators, namely timeliness of food distribution, food waste and the absence of errors in diet administration. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between minimum nutritional service standards and the level of satisfaction of inpatients at the Muhammadiyah Islamic Hospital Sumberrejo, Bojonegoro Regency. This type of research is cross-sectional. The sample in this study was patients in classes 2 and 3 of the Shafa and Marwah inpatient rooms, totaling 135 patients. The data measured are the level of patient satisfaction, timeliness of food distribution, accuracy of diet and food waste. Bivariate analysis used the Spearman's Rank test. The results of data analysis showed that food distribution timeliness was 92.5%, diet accuracy was 98%, food waste was 15.1%, while patient satisfaction levels were very satisfied (52%), satisfied (44%), dissatisfied (2%) and very dissatisfied (1%). The results of the study showed that the timeliness of distribution of breakfast (p=0.864>0.05), afternoon (p=0.853>0.05), evening (p=0.864>0.05) and the level of satisfaction, while the accuracy of the diet and the level of satisfaction patients (p=0.112>0.05), for food waste and level of patient satisfaction (p=0.311>0.05). From this research it can be concluded that statistically there is no significant relationship between minimum service standards (timeliness of food distribution, accuracy of diet and food waste) and the level of patient satisfaction. Suggestions that can be given in this research are that hospital efforts are needed to maintain the quality of food services by paying more attention to the accuracy of diet for patients.

Pancasila is the basic value of the Indonesian nation, and is the foundation of national and state life in Indonesia since independence. Considering the importance of the existence of Pancasila in Indonesia, of course the creation of the Pancasila ideology has gone through a very long process. This article will highlight and examine the history of the creation of Pancasila and its position as the ideology and foundation of the state. This article will also highlight the position of Pancasila in the era of globalization and how the ideology and foundation of the state are applied in facing the challenges of change in the era of globalization.

The aim of this research is to determine the form of developing students' self-potential through the educational process. This is motivated by the varying levels of students' self-potential in this school, some teachers understand and understand how to develop students' self-potential, but some teachers do not yet understand it, so that students' self-potential is formed by itself. However, the school has already developed students' potential. Therefore, researchers conducted research to analyze what form of development of students' personal potential was carried out by teachers at the school. This type of research uses a qualitative approach, with data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation. Then analyze the data using triangulation. Based on the research results, it is known that the form of developing students' self-potential carried out by teachers is providing intensive guidance for students, providing assistance for students who have less interest and motivation to learn, providing good role models, inviting students together. by cleaning the school environment, carrying out congregational Duha prayers every Friday morning, conducting tests on new students, holding extracurricular activities, and giving sanctions and warnings to students. Then the challenge for teachers in developing students' potential is the students' attitudes, interests and motivation, teacher competence, school facilities and infrastructure, and the environment around the students.

Since June 2020, passing a psychological test is the main requirement to obtain and extend a driver's license, to complement the ability to concentrate, accuracy, self-control, adaptability, emotional stability and work endurance. It is expected to prevent accidents due to psychological factors from the driver. So it's not just driving and riding skills but also a driving attitude with a responsible attitude for safety. This is what soft skills are measured through the psychological test. According to the data that has been collected, many traffic accidents are caused by the psychological condition of the driver. Through psychological tests, drivers will be assessed from several aspects, namely the ability to concentrate, accuracy, self-control, adaptability, emotional stability and work endurance. And it is hoped that other drivers will also feel confident that other drivers around them have good psychological aspects so as not to endanger their safety.

This research aims to optimize the distribution of goods through the application of transportation methods at UD Kurnia Jaya. The main problem faced is how to minimize transportation costs in delivering rice to various agents. The Northwest Corner (NWC) method is used for the initial solution in processing supply and demand data. The results of the study show that the total minimum cost obtained for rice delivery is Rp 1,480,000 in one transportation. This study underscores the importance of applying transportation methods to improve distribution cost efficiency. It is hoped that this result can be a reference for MSMEs in managing logistics and increasing competitiveness through more optimal distribution management

Optimizing the profit from coffee bean production is crucial in the coffee industry consider the competitive environment and the need for maximize revenue. The aim of this research is to use the Simplex linear programming method to determine and maximize profits from coffee bean production. This technique is used to ascertain the best combination of coffee bean production volumes while still considering a number of limitations, including scarce resources (labor, raw materials and machines) and market demand. The findings of this research show that by using the Simplex approach, companies can maximize the profit generated from coffee bean production while adhering to the existing constraints. The simulation conducted provides an optimal solution in terms of the precise production volume for each type of coffee product, contributing significantly to production planning and business strategy.

Teachers are the most important component in the learning process in education. However, many students are not interested and bored during the learning process; some even fall asleep after being promised something. Students' ability to understand learning materials is influenced by various internal and environmental variables. Helping students in learning will have a negative impact on their development and quality of life in the future if not managed properly by parents and teachers. Therefore, parents, schools, and instructors all contribute to helping children overcome their challenges. Teachers have an important influence in the lives of their students. Thus, this diagnostic seeks to identify the root causes of students' learning challenges and identify solutions. This study aims to (1) identify factors that cause learning difficulties, (2) identify procedures and techniques for analyzing learning difficulties diagnosis, (3) determine the location of students' learning challenges or problems, and (4) help students who experience learning difficulties. Data collection was carried out using two techniques, namely observation of the teaching and learning process (PBM) and the student environment, as well as interviews with parents and instructors. According to the results of the study, students were less enthusiastic about learning because they were less interested and even tended to be lazy. Some students dislike some subjects because of their inability to understand certain elements. Therefore, such students rarely complete the assignments given and almost never take notes on certain lesson topics. Furthermore, the lack of interest in learning for some students can also be caused by their inability to understand the information that the instructor is trying to convey. This is caused by the failure of teachers to provide detailed examples of how to solve problems, and some teachers even fail to include examples when explaining the lesson content.

Middle adulthood is a critical stage in life characterized by significant transformations in physical, psychological, and social aspects. During this period, individuals often face a decline in certain physical and mental capacities while also having opportunities to achieve greater levels of maturity. Challenges such as health issues, changing social roles, and increasing family responsibilities are commonly encountered. The complexity of fulfilling physical, emotional, and social needs increases, significantly impacting overall well-being. Addressing these needs involves various efforts, including maintaining good health, managing stress, and fostering meaningful social connections. Support from the surrounding environment plays a crucial role in helping individuals meet these needs. Therefore, a deep understanding of the challenges faced during middle adulthood is essential for improving their quality of life. The ability to manage physical and psychological changes while sustaining positive social relationships is key to achieving a balanced and fulfilling life during this phase.