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Anxiety is one of the complaints of patients with Chronic Kidney Failure (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis. CAM (Complementary Alternative Medicine) therapy as a substitute for drugs using lavender aromatherapy is expected to reduce anxiety levels in CKD patients who are undergoing hemodialysis therapy. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of inhaled aromatherapy on reducing anxiety levels in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis at Grandmed Lubuk Pakam Hospital. This type of research is quantitative research with a pre-experimental research design with one group pre-test and post-test approaches. The sampling technique in this study was total sampling with a total of 20 respondents. Data analysis was carried out using the sample paired t-test. The results of the study obtained a p-value of 0.00 where the p-value was <0.05, it can be concluded that there was a significant effect after being given inhaled aromatherapy to decrease anxiety values in CKD patients at Grandmed Lubuk Pakam Hospital. The conclusion in this study is that lavender inhalation aromatherapy has a significant effect on reducing anxiety levels in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis and it is recommended for health workers to further improve anxiety management with non-pharmacological measures.

Entrepreneurship plays a crucial role in advancing the Indonesian economy with the potential to reduce unemployment and support economic growth. Although the government intensively encourages the spirit of entrepreneurship, there are still obstacles, especially related to not daring to face business risks. Amid the pandemic, unemployment is rising, prompting some individuals to turn to self-employment as a way of surviving. However, the number of entrepreneurs in Indonesia is still below international standards, reflecting obstacles to stimulating entrepreneurial interest. Phenomenological research on the role of ambition for freedom as an entrepreneurial motivation among students and alumni of Commerce Education at State University of Malang is still limited. Further understanding of ambition for freedom in the context of entrepreneurial learning at universities is needed to inform effective educational strategies, encourage interest in entrepreneurship at the local level, and support national economic growth. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach. The subject of the study involves Students. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis involves the reduction, display, and inference of data, with tringulation used to ensure validity. The results showed that comprehensively, the findings of the three data collection methods consistently supported the central role of Ambition for Freedom in motivating Commerce Education students to choose and succeed in entrepreneurial careers. These overall findings provide a deep understanding of the dynamics of intrinsic motivation in the context of entrepreneurial learning. This research provides a strong foundation for advanced research related to the development of entrepreneurial learning strategies that focus more on aspects of intrinsic motivation. In addition, longitudinal research can provide a clearer picture of the long-term impact of entrepreneurial learning on the careers of students and alumni.

Education plays a central role in shaping children's values, norms, and character. For deaf children in Mojokerto Regency, double challenges such as job uncertainty and limited access to entrepreneurship education stand out. This descriptive qualitative research aims to explore the role of parents in instilling entrepreneurial spirit in deaf children, filling knowledge gaps, and providing practical guidance. Involving learners with disabilities, data was collected through observation, interviews, and documentation in several inclusion schools. Data analysis uses data reduction, display, and inference, with triangulation for validity. Results show parents create an inclusive environment, encouraging children's independence and creativity. The documentation describes the implementation of entrepreneurial parenting. These findings support the effectiveness of parents in shaping the entrepreneurial spirit of deaf children, contributing to the understanding of inclusive education practices and fostering the talents of children with special needs. The implication is to support holistic and inclusive education policies..  

Consumptive behavior is an activity in consuming goods and services that is carried out unplanned, exceeding limits and prioritizing wants over needs. This online shopping application really helps students to order the products they need and want just by making transactions on their cellphones. In the view of Islamic economics, consumptive behavior is prohibited and the prohibition has been explained in the Al-Qur'an and Hadith. This study aims to determine the Islamic economic perspective on consumptive behavior in shopping through online shopping applications for students of the Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business, UIN Raden Fatah Palembang. This type of research is a type of descriptive qualitative research using data collection methods in the form of  interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. The results of this study reveal that the consumptive behavior of students of the Islamic Faculty of Economics and Business UIN Raden Fatah Palembang in shopping through online shopping applications still occurs in the student environment due to various reasons and in the Islamic economic perspective, consumptive behavior is prohibited and the prohibition has been explained in the Al-Qur'an and Hadith.

The purpose of this research was to find out the life of religious tolerance in the concept of national integration in Kebakkramat; to find out the factors of religious tolerance in the concept of national integration in Kebakkramat; to find out the efforts made in supporting the implementation of religious tolerance in the concept of national integration in Kebakkramat. This research is a qualitative descriptive research with a case study type. This research was conducted at Kebakkramat. The research subjects were sub-district head, PKUB Kebakkramat members and religious leaders. Sources of data used are primary data and secondary data. Data collection is through interviews, observation, and documentation. Test the validity of the data is to use source triangulation and method triangulation. The data analysis technique is through interactive descriptive analysis techniques by means of data collection, data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study can be concluded that 1) the life of religious tolerance in the concept of national integration has been going well. Religious adherents have carried out their religious teachings well, they tolerate and respect each other; 2) the supporting factor in the realization of inter-religious harmony is the awareness possessed by adherents of religions to carry out their respective religious teachings and religious leaders emphasize each other about religious life in a harmonious community environment. The government fosters a life of religious diversity. The inhibiting factor for tolerance in religious life is spreading things that result in conflict, misunderstandings in inter-religious communication, and a lack of mutual respect in a pluralistic and heterogeneous society; 3) the efforts made in supporting the implementation of tolerance in religious life in the concept of national integration are by maintaining the integrity or diversity among religious adherents, trying to create peace, and avoiding inter-religious conflict.   Keywords: Tolerance, National Integration  

The world of education, especially Civics learning, requires innovation and variation in the learning methods applied. The brain-based learning method is very interesting because optimizing brain work can be started in a simple way. Educators' knowledge of fundamental questions about "what is good for a child's brain?" is the essence of applying this learning method. This is research that uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method. The process of data analysis is done through reduction, display, verification, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study state that the Brain-Based Learning Method with cybernetic learning theory is an innovative alternative in Civics subjects, so that learning is more efficient and fun. This learning method can be carried out in simple ways, such as paying attention to brain nutrition in students, paying attention to brain relaxation such as stretching or relaxing and listening to music, paying attention to plants and class aromas that can improve brain performance, paying attention to recess, and playing games in class.

Educational institutions must be able to analyze the needs of the community. This study analyzes the management of digital public relations in building a positive image of madrasas implemented at MTs Az-Zainiyah I Randumerak. A qualitative approach and type of case study research used in this study. In collecting research data using several techniques, namely participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. The research data consists of primary and secondary data, where primary data is obtained from research informants consisting of the head of the madrasah, the head of public relations, the head of administration, teachers. Meanwhile, primary data consists of national and international journals. The data analysis used consists of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The management of digital public relations in building a positive image of madrasah is carried out by involving public relations management functions consisting of planning, implementation, and control. The implementation of digital public relations only uses the Facebook platform in communicating with the community. The madrasah strategy in building a positive image is carried out starting with building opinions to marketing education.

As time goes by, the phenomenon of learning often changes in educational institutions in the country. This phenomenon is often faced by subject teachers, especially by Arabic language subject teachers. This variant learning phenomenon is a challenge for Arabic language teachers to anticipate the possibilities that cause mental degradation and failure to achieve students' understanding of Arabic language subject matter. The openness of Arabic teachers in choosing learning methods that must be applied every time they carry out teaching activities can project the achievement of basic educational goals that can be realized perfectly. Thus, Arabic language teachers must be able to develop good learning strategies, one of which can be done is to use effective and fun learning methods. One of the methods referred to is al-Thoriqoh al-Intiqo'iyah (electic method). The aim of this research was to identify Arabic Language Learning Innovations through al-Thoriqoh al-Intiqo'iyah in Growing Students' Interest in Learning Arabic at MA. Nurul Hikmah Besuki Situbondo. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and documentation. In this research, the researcher used a descriptive method with a qualitative approach with a case study type of research. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and documentation. Apart from that, researchers in analyzing data use an interactive model which consists of elements in the form of data reduction, data presentation, and data analysis. Meanwhile, the data inspection technique for this research uses triangulation. The research results confirmed that al-Thoriqoh al-Inriqo'iyah was implemented in the Supreme Court. Nurul Hikmah repeated the positive results, students were able to grow interested in learning Arabic through modifying the learning method. The justification for the success of using al-Toriqoh al-Intiqo'iyah in the school is illustrated by the enthusiasm for learning which continues to increase in addition to the participation of students in various language activities

The Madrasah Principal is the school personnel responsible for all activities at school. He has the authority and responsibility to Manages all educational activities in the school he leads. Supervision is a coaching activity planned to help teachers and staff other schools so they can do their jobs effectively. Objective This research is to find out the academic supervision strategies carried out by madrasa heads to improve teacher academic performance at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) in Jambi City.Results of academic supervision. . This research method is qualitative phenomenology with a study research design case. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. Technique data analysis using flow, data reduction, presentation of data at the verification stage. Testing Data validity was carried out using a triangulation approach. The two teachers' planning stages were included in the good category with recap scores of 86% and 89%. In the implementation stage, class 1 teachers obtained a score of 86% in the good category, a score of 91% obtained by the class 4 teacher in the very good category. In the evaluation stage, both teachers were also included in the category both with recap scores of 86% and 85%. Meanwhile, the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum at the SD/MI level prioritizes project-based learning in order to realize the Pancasila Student Profile. This is also very relevant to 21st century learning which equips students with the 4C skills needed to answer the challenges of the times. There are 3 (three) options in implementing or implementing the independent curriculum (IKM) at the SD/MI level, namely: Independent Learning Category, independent change category and independent sharing category at class I and class IV SD/MI levels starting in the 2022/2023 school year .

Religious moderation plays a crucial role in Indonesia, a society with diverse beliefs and religious backgrounds. Religious leaders, with government support, strive to prevent violence and intolerance in Indonesia. One approach used is interfaith moderation. The concept of moderate Islam becomes a significant religious perspective in addressing diversity in Indonesia. To strengthen the role of Islamic schools (madrasah) in combating radicalism and extremism, religious moderation needs to be incorporated into the madrasah curriculum. The aim of this approach is to mediate between two extreme poles while emphasizing the importance of internalizing religious teachings on one side and understanding the context of religious texts on the other side. To examine this issue, the research was conducted using qualitative methods, particularly a case study. This method aims to find meaning, investigate processes, and gain in-depth understanding of individuals, groups, or situations. In analyzing the data, the researcher applied an interactive model. Data analysis activities include data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing, and verification. The research results indicate that religious moderation instilled in students at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Khairat Kwandang, North Gorontalo Regency, not only occurs in formal settings but is also integrated into every learning session. One form of moderation practiced by students is providing advice to fellow students, fostering a sense of care among them.

The purpose of this study was to find out how the government of Barania Village achieved achievement as the best Tourism Village in the Cleanliness, Health, Safety, Enverorment Sustainability (CHSE) category. This research uses a descriptive research type with a qualitative approach which is intended to provide a clear description and overall description of the strategy of the head of Barania Village in achieving achievements as a Tourism Village. And using data collection techniques used in this study include observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique used is data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.      The results of the study show that in implementing the strategy of the head of Barania Village in achieving achievements as a Tourism Village, it can be seen from several indicators, namely, good management of Human Resources (HR), structured allocation of funds, both Village Fund Allocation (ADD) and Allocation Funds Specifically (DAK), the use of technology and information in the Barania Tourism Village cannot be utilized optimally, and the provision of facilities and infrastructure is also inadequate.

This research aims to describe the application of the academic supervision model to supervisors in developing Islamic religious education teachers in Pondok Jambi City Faith Islamic Boarding School and Jambi City As'ad Islamic Boarding School. This research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The subject of this research is the supervisor, chairman Madrasah, teachers and students at the Nurul Iman Islamic Boarding School, Jambi City and As'ad, Jambi City. Data collection The techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. Processing technique and data analysis through data reduction, data presentation, and verification or withdrawal.Conclusion The research results show that the implementation of academic supervision supervisor of the Nurul Iman Islamic Boarding School in Jambi City and the As'ad Islamic Boarding School in Jambi City From a planning aspect, a monitoring program has been included because The supervisor has carried out planning before carrying out supervision activities by making agreement with the madrasah personnel who will be supervised so that they prepare themselves. However, that is The teacher development aspect has not gone well, so have many aspects of assessment. These are the results of the implementation of the supervisor's academic supervision on development of Islamic religious education teachers in Pondok The Nurul Iman Islamic Boarding School in Jambi City and the As'ad Islamic Boarding School in Jambi City are not yet optimal so they still need to be done improved, especially in the development and assessment aspects

This study discusses the application of the concept of dialectics in Hegel’s perspective to improve the teaching and learning process of grade 2 students of MTs Nur Muhammad Klakah Lumajang in the 2021-2022 academic year. The concept of Hegel’s dialectics, which consists of thesis, antithesis, and synthesis, is the basis for building dynamic interactions between teachers and students. The application of this concept is carried out through discussion methods, project-based learning, and problem-based learning to encourage critical thinking and the development of deeper understanding. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method to observe the effectiveness of the implementation of the dialectics concept in learning. Data were collected through direct observation in class, interviews with teachers and students, and analysis of learning documents. Data analysis techniques used include data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that the application of dialectics in learning can increase student engagement, strengthen analytical thinking skills, and create a more interactive learning atmosphere. Thus, the concept of Hegel’s dialectics can be an effective strategy in improving the quality of education and forming critical and reflective student characters.

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the Kelurahan Community Empowerment Agency in coordinating development planning, the role of the Kelurahan Community Empowerment Agency in coordinating the planning of community institutions, and the role of the Kelurahan Community Empowerment Agency in planning development activities in a participatory manner in Santi Village, Bima City. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques are interviews, observation, and documentation. Informants included the village head, village staff, LPM administrators, PKK administrators, Youth Organization administrators, Rukun Warga administrators, Rukun Tetangga, and residents who made arrangements in Santi Village. Determination of informants using purposive sampling technique. The analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative analysis, which starts from data reduction, data display, and verification and conclusion making. The research results obtained are: 1) with regard to coordinating development planning as the role of the Village Community Empowerment Institution, the results obtained have played a role and are in accordance with the mandate of Permendagri Number 5 of 2007 concerning Structuring Community Institutions and Government Regulation Number 73 of 2005 concerning Structuring Village Institutions. 2) With regard to coordinating the planning of community institutions as the role of the Kelurahan Community Empowerment Agency, the results obtained are as follows.

Patient anxiety during tooth extraction is a common challenge in dental practice that can affect patient experience and outcome of the procedure. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of approaches and strategies to address patient anxiety during tooth extraction procedures. Through counseling designed to improve patient understanding of the causes of anxiety, relaxation skills, and communication with the dentist, this study measured its impact on patient anxiety levels and preparedness. The study involved patients undergoing tooth extraction procedures, where they attended a counseling session that included information on factors that cause anxiety, breathing relaxation techniques, and communication skills. Data were collected before and after the counseling through a survey that assessed patient knowledge, ability to apply relaxation techniques, self-confidence, and anxiety levels. The results showed a significant increase in patient understanding of the causes of anxiety from 50% to 85%, ability to apply relaxation techniques from 30% to 75%, and self-confidence in facing the procedure from 40% to 80%. In addition, the ability to communicate with the dentist increased from 45% to 78%, and anxiety levels decreased from 70% to 40%. These findings confirm that an educational approach is effective in reducing patient anxiety, increasing preparedness, and improving the experience during tooth extraction. This strategy can be implemented widely to improve the quality of care and patient well-being in dental practice.

Theme is a fundamental idea that unifies a tale, song, or literary work, making it simple to comprehend and enjoy. The theme serves as a concept, element, descriptor, and attribute. A song without a theme will be dry, unclear, and unlived. This research is aimed to (1) find out the main themes Keshi tries to show through his songs in Bandaids mini album; (2) find out the kinds of themes in Bandaids mini album by Keshi; (3) explain how the song lyrics in Bandaids mini album contribute to poetry teaching. This research using characters, plots, and setting as part of the intrinsic approach. Reads the song lyrics, listen the song, understand the lyrics, taking notes, conducting a thorough analysis, and organizing the data are the methods and approaches to collect data or can be called documentation and observation data collection. Gill’s theory used to discuss the main themes and kinds of themes in the song lyrics; the approach and method of data analysis used are descriptive qualitative with secondary data and three stream (1) data reduction; (2) data display; (3) drawing conclusion. In Gill’s theory (1995), the researcher used three ways to identify main themes, there are the title was selected by the writer of the song to convey a key message to the audience about the music; the characters' interests in moral and psychological development are reflected in how they develop, alter, and come to their own conclusions; repeating symbol or one that is employed at a crucial period might communicate a song's major topic. The result of the data showed 5 are indicated as the main themes and 5 are indicated as kinds of themes, namely love; heartbreak; depression; sadness; loneliness.

Final year PBA students who have difficulty speaking Arabic have obstacles that show symptoms that can be observed by teachers/lecturers. Some symptoms that are signs of difficulty in Arabic include: students showing low performance whose position is below the average achieved by their group, students having difficulty speaking Arabic during presentations and thesis exams. The results achieved are not commensurate with the efforts made, are slow in carrying out coursework, show inappropriate attitudes such as: difficulty in communicating Arabic during presentations, skipping class one day and coming late to class. This research aims to obtain clarity regarding: 1. Factors that cause students to have difficulty speaking Arabic; 2. Appropriate alternative assistance efforts to overcome the Arabic language difficulties of final semester PBA students at Nurul Jadid University. This research is qualitative research with a case study approach. The data collection techniques used in this research are in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies with the main data source, namely final semester PBA students. The data obtained was then analyzed based on Milles and Hubermen's analysis flow, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions or data verification. The results of the analysis of students' difficulty speaking Arabic were 60% due to internal factors, namely originating from within the human being, such as psychological factors, and 40% due to external factors in the form of social and non-social factors.  

This thesis is entitled "Implementation of Islamic Business Ethics in the Zifa Clothing Shop in Tarik Village, Kumpeh Ulu sub-district". Islamic business ethics are the pros and cons of running a business in accordance with Islamic values. The problems in this research are (1) how is Islamic business ethics implemented in the clothing Zifa? (2) what are the inhibiting and supporting factors in implementing Islamic business? This research aims to find out how Islamic business ethics are implemented and what factors hinder and support Islamic business ethics in the Zifa Shop in Tarikan Village. The research method used is a qualitative method using primary data, then the data collection tools used are interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis is descriptive qualitative by means of data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. This research analyzes the anoraga theory, namely the principles of Islamic business ethics, namely honesty, accuracy, loyalty and discipline. It's just that from the four principles of Islamic business ethics there are obstacles to implementing the principle of accuracy in delivering products to consumers of the Zifa Clothing Shop in Tarikan Village.

This research aims to determine the role of parents in learning during the Covid-19 pandemic at SD Negeri 1 Tobelo, North Halmahera Regency and to find out parents' strategies for providing guidance to children when studying during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research method is descriptive qualitative using the Snowball technique. . This research analysis is data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The research results show the role of parents in the child's learning process during study from home. The role of parents is also very necessary to provide education to children who do not really understand about the Covid-19 pandemic which is currently endemic and is forcing people to stay at home, study from home, worship and work from home. In principle, so far apart from parents, there are also teachers or even peers who carry out this role. For now, it is almost certain that this role will only be carried out by parents or family at home, so there must be more strengthening, sensitivity and patience from parents in implementing distance education for early childhood children at home. The existence of learning activities at home also has benefits for children and their parents. This government policy regarding online learning makes us all aware of the importance of learning technology and using technology positively.

The focus of this research is, 1) how business management at CV Antique Production to improve consumer satisfaction in the Islamic Perspective of Islam. 2) What are the constraints on printing business management at CV Antique Production in improving consumer satisfaction in the Islamic Emergency Perspective. 3) What are the solutions of the constraints on printing business management on CV antique production in improving consumer satisfaction in the Islamic Emergency Perspective. This research uses descriptive approach with the type of qualitative research. The data source obtained is primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques with observation, interview and documentation. Data analysis techniques use data reduction, data presentation, and concludes. This research is the management of printing business done by CV. Antique Production To improve consumer satisfaction in the Islamic economic perspective is to implement management functions or management in Islam well. The management function consists of: the implementation (planning), organizing), implementation (actuating), and control (controlling). Constraint business management facing by CV. Antique Production To improve consumer satisfaction include internal constraints that is lack of employees when many demand and delay of product raw material supplies, and external constraints are of unclear consumers with product details of the product and competitor or competitors. Solutions to overcome constraints on printing business management by CV. Antique Production To improve consumer satisfaction includes the solution of internal constraints that adds employees with freelance systems, adding more than one supplyer and check periodically inventory of product raw materials while solutions for external constraints are providing conservation sessions of the booking and consuming businesses by opening product gallery and developing its employee skills.