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Grants are a form of financial assistance provided by individuals, organizations, or governments to recipients without repayment obligations. Grants play a significant role in social and economic development, including improving community welfare, strengthening economic capacity, and supporting infrastructure development. This study aims to analyze how grants contribute to community empowerment and economic growth while identifying challenges in their management. Using a qualitative approach based on a literature review, this study finds that well-managed grants can enhance the competitiveness of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), accelerate regional development, and support social sectors such as education and health. However, issues such as lack of transparency, weak supervision, and potential dependency among grant recipients remain significant challenges. Strengthening regulations, implementing monitoring systems, and ensuring impact-based grant distribution are recommended to improve grant effectiveness and maximize benefits for recipients.

Hospitals, as institutions providing healthcare services, must maximize technological advancements. One such advancement is the use of SIMRS (Hospital Management Information System) in accordance with the Indonesian Minister of Health Regulation No. 82 of 2013. The use of SIMRS is predicted to enhance the hospital's efficiency, effectiveness, professionalism, performance, as well as access and services. Nurses' satisfaction in using SIMRS will impact the improvement of patient care quality. One method to evaluate user satisfaction with SIMRS is EUCS (End User Computing Satisfaction), developed by Doll and Torkzadeh, which consists of five dimensions: content, format, accuracy, ease of use, and timeliness. This study aims to determine the relationship between the application of the EUCS method and nurses' job satisfaction in the use of SIMRS at RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya. Methods: This research is correlational, employing a cross-sectional design. Respondents were selected using purposive sampling and the chi-square statistical test was used. The sample consisted of 175 inpatient nurses at RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya. Results: The chi-square statistical test showed a p-value = 0.000, or a significance level of p < 0.05, indicating that there is a relationship between the application of the EUCS method and nurses' job satisfaction in the use of SIMRS at RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya. Conclusion: Effectiveness and efficiency are the primary goals of SIMRS usage, which creates convenience and transparency, ultimately expected to enhance nurses' job satisfaction.

This article examines the role of bureaucratic digitalisation in advancing good governance in post-New Order Indonesia based on a narrative literature review. Employing an integrative framework that connects Good Governance theory, E-Government, Digital Era Governance, and Institutional Theory, this study analyses literature published between 1998 and 2024 drawn from academic journals, policy documents, and national–international institutional reports. The findings indicate that, although Indonesia has achieved notable progress in digital regulation and infrastructure, reflected in the adoption of SPBE and the increase in the EGDI from 0.3690 (2012) to 0.6612 (2022), implementation continues to face severe structural and institutional constraints. Five key themes emerge: progressive policy development yet uneven implementation; a transparency paradox between rhetoric and practice; severe interregional digital divides; institutional resistance rooted in patrimonial administrative culture; and the ambivalent effects of digitalisation on public service quality. This study concludes that the digitalisation of bureaucracy has not fundamentally transformed good governance due to an excessive emphasis on technological solutions in the absence of institutional and cultural reconfiguration. Policy recommendations include contextual strategies based on local capacity, sustained investment in civil servant capacity building, and reforms to bureaucratic incentive structures. This study contributes to the e-government literature in developing countries by providing a critical analysis of the persistent gap between policy adoption and actual implementation.

This article examines the dynamics, challenges, and opportunities in implementing the merit system policy within the context of Indonesia’s bureaucratic reform, employing a narrative literature review approach using a triangulation of scholarly sources. Thematic analysis identifies five critical themes that hinder the implementation of the merit system: structural tensions between political patronage and meritocracy that create a hybrid spoils–merit system; significant institutional capacity gaps between central and local governments; digital transformation through platforms such as CAT, SmartASN, and SIPINTER as catalysts for transparency and objectivity; organizational cultural resistance rooted in patrimonial and seniority values; and the weakening of independent oversight exacerbated by the dissolution of KASN’s mandate. Although a progressive regulatory framework has been established through Law No. 5 of 2014, the implementation of the merit system remains constrained by persistent clientelism, limited institutional capacity, and cultural resistance. This study contributes to the theoretical discourse on Weberian bureaucracy, New Public Management, and good governance by confirming that the implementation of the merit system in developing countries constitutes a political–cultural transformation that requires fundamental changes in political incentive structures, institutional capacity, and organisational values. Managerial implications include strengthening independent oversight, making substantial investments in institutional capacity, accelerating inclusive digital transformation, and implementing systematic change management programs to expedite the transition toward a performance-based bureaucracy that is professional and integrity-driven in support of Indonesia’s Golden Vision 2045

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are revolutionizing transportation by relying on advanced AI techniques like deep learning and reinforcement learning for decision-making and navigation. However, concerns about the opacity of traditional AI models in safety-critical applications such as autonomous driving raise issues related to safety, accountability, and trust. This study explores the integration of Explainable AI (XAI) techniques in AV systems to enhance transparency and interpretability while maintaining high prediction accuracy. XAI methods, such as LIME (Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations) and SHAP (SHapley Additive ExPlanations), provide understandable justifications for AI-driven decisions, addressing biases, fairness, and accountability. These techniques also support regulatory compliance and foster public trust in AVs. A mixed-methods approach, combining experimental simulations and user surveys, was employed to integrate XAI into AV systems and test its performance in urban traffic and highway driving scenarios. Feedback from users, collected through questionnaires and in-depth interviews, revealed that XAI-enhanced systems significantly improved the interpretability of AV decisions, leading to higher user trust and satisfaction. The study highlights the importance of balancing model complexity with interpretability, demonstrating that XAI techniques are crucial for building trust and ensuring accountability in autonomous driving systems.

The rapid evolution of smart cities, driven by the integration of technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain, has brought about significant advancements in urban infrastructure and services. However, these developments also introduce new cybersecurity challenges. Introduction: Smart cities are increasingly vulnerable to cyber threats due to the extensive use of interconnected devices and systems. A key security concern is the management of digital identities, which is essential for maintaining the integrity and reliability of city services. Literature Review: Traditional centralized identity management systems face significant security issues, including a single point of failure, data breaches, and limited user control over personal information. In contrast, decentralized solutions, particularly blockchain-based systems, offer enhanced security through their distributed nature, eliminating vulnerabilities associated with centralized models. Materials and Method: This research focuses on blockchain technology’s application in smart city identity management. A decentralized framework is proposed, leveraging cryptographic techniques, consensus mechanisms, and smart contracts to ensure data security, integrity, and privacy. Results and Discussion: The implementation of blockchain for identity management significantly improves attack tolerance, data integrity, and transparency. The decentralized approach mitigates the risks associated with central authorities, ensuring that user data remains secure and verifiable. However, scalability, interoperability, and regulatory compliance challenges remain. Blockchain solutions must be optimized for large-scale smart city applications and aligned with legal standards to achieve widespread adoption. Future research should focus on overcoming these challenges to create a more secure and resilient smart city infrastructure.

This study aims to determine the application of good governance principles at the Wajo Regency Investment and One-Stop Integrated Services Office (DPM-PTSP), the research informants consist of staff and employees along with the public who want to take care of licensing letters at the Wajo Regency DPM-PTSP Office. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach.The results of this study show that the application of Good Governance principles at the Wajo Regency Investment and One-Stop Integrated Services Office (DPM-PTSP) has been running well, including accountability that has been effective and efficient in terms of achieving strategic objectives that contain vision, mission, goals and objectives, and activities that are equipped with performance indicators and targets to be achieved,  Transparency with the accountability of staff and employees in carrying out their respective duties which are quite professional, Participation shows that the community feels very satisfied with public services, and the Rule of Law is also very good because it is carried out fairly without discriminating against the social status of the community. The conclusion is that the application of the Good Governance Principle at the Wajo Regency DPM-PTSP office has been realized and implemented well.    

On this occasion, I carried out quite in-depth experiments and research, the aim of which is to observe the preparation of financial reports and the preparation of Government Accounting Standards, namely an accounting method that is implemented when recording and presenting Government Financial Reports. Government Accounting Standards are published and stated in Government Regulation Number 71 of 2010. The Social Service Financial Report contains the mechanism for the Government's Social Service performance in one accounting period. This observation is useful in order to show how the presentation of the financial reports of the North Sumatra Province Social Service is truly in line with Government Regulation Number 71 of 2010. This system uses descriptive analysis which, as a fact, is put together and then classified and managed with special provisions so that it can be picked and described a decision. The results and description of this observation illustrate the presentation of financial reports at the North Sumatra Provincial Social Service in the 2022 budget year with Government Regulation No. 71 of 2010. It is recommended that in the next fiscal year the leadership of the North Sumatra Provincial Social Service illustrate that they have complied with and implemented PP No. 71 of 2010, in this way it can be seen that accountability and transparency of financial reports can be realized.

Job insecurity is a major concern among employees in various organizations, including public health centers in Banjarmasin City, Indonesia. A systematic literature review was conducted to investigate the influence of job insecurity on turnover intention among community health center employees in Banjarmasin. The results of the analysis carried out on 14 articles showed that job insecurity had a positive effect on turnover intention. Job insecurity can lead to stress, anxiety, and dissatisfaction, which can negatively impact an employee's commitment to their organization and increase their intention to leave. All studies used quantitative research methods with survey techniques for data collection. Strategies to enhance job security perceptions, such as improving communication transparency, offering career development opportunities, and implementing fair and consistent human resource practices, may help mitigate turnover intentions. The findings of the studies highlight the importance of addressing job insecurity to reduce turnover intention and improve employee retention in primary health care in Banjarmasin. Investing in initiatives that cultivate a sense of job security and stability among health workers can contribute to the long-term sustainability and effectiveness of primary healthcare service delivery in the region.

Procurement of goods is a recurring activity in a company's business process. Meanwhile, the traditional goods procurement process is often felt to be less efficient and effective, so it requires a better solution. The traditional procurement process also often takes a long time, has high costs and lacks transparency. This can lead to inefficiencies and risks of abuse. This research aims to develop a more efficient and effective goods procurement application model using SDLC and waterfall methodology. This research uses observation methods to study the current procurement process and interviews to obtain input from stakeholders regarding application needs. The research results show that the goods procurement application model developed can help companies in the goods procurement process more efficiently and effectively. This application model can help companies save time and costs, as well as increase transparency and accountability in the procurement process.

Higher education is often seen as a place to shape future leaders and create positive change in society. However, corruption poses a serious threat to the integrity and purpose of higher education. This article discusses the challenges and strategies in instilling anti-corruption awareness in higher education environments. These challenges include a culture of corruption that is difficult to change, economic pressures that encourage unethical behavior, and a lack of transparency and accountability. The proposed strategy includes implementing a curriculum that promotes the values ​​of integrity, establishing an independent monitoring body, implementing a strict code of ethics, and raising awareness through campaigns and training. By implementing this strategy holistically, it is hoped that higher education can become an effective agent of change in fighting corruption and promoting good governance in society.

This study aims to evaluate the impact of bureaucratic reform in Bima Regency following the issuance of the Ministerial Regulation on Administrative Reform (PermenPAN-RB) Number 3 of 2023, with a primary focus on enhancing the quality of public services and the efficiency of administrative processes through the implementation of information technology. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive research method, this study explores the perceptions and experiences of civil servants (ASN), policymakers, and the civilian community in Bima Regency. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis to understand the implementation and effectiveness of the reforms undertaken. The findings indicate that bureaucratic reform in Bima Regency has made significant progress in improving the efficiency and effectiveness of public services, underpinned by the Bureaucratic Reform (RB) Index. The main focus of this reform is to accelerate service delivery, enhance user satisfaction, and reduce unnecessary bureaucracy, with the digitalization of services as a key step that has successfully reduced waiting times and increased transparency. Training programs for civil servants have also been enhanced to ensure high-quality services that meet the needs of the community. The roadmap for bureaucratic reform also includes efforts to strengthen integrity and transparency, with an emphasis on improving the Corruption Perception Index (CPI) score through the strengthening of oversight institutions and the implementation of policies that limit direct interactions, reducing opportunities for corruption. Furthermore, Bima Regency continues to innovate by integrating information technology into government administration to improve the Government Effectiveness Index (GEI) and E-Government Development Index (EGDI), ensuring data security, and expanding public access to government services, especially in remote areas.

Old Age Security (JHT) is an important program in the social security system in Indonesia which is organized by the Employment Social Security Administering Agency (BPJS). Despite being a vital form of social protection, JHT claims management is often in the spotlight due to the various challenges it faces, including effectiveness, efficiency and fairness in disbursement of claims. In this context, this research aims to analyze JHT claims management at the Pratama Rantau Prapat BPJS Employment Branch Office. This study uses a qualitative research method with a case study approach. Data was collected through direct observation, interviews with officers and participants, as well as analysis of documents related to the claims process. The research results show that the JHT claims process faces various challenges, including the long time it takes to complete a claim, a lack of transparency and communication, and gaps in understanding between participants and officers. The conclusion of this research is that significant improvements are needed in JHT claims management. Recommendations for improvement include increasing process efficiency, increasing transparency and communication, and simplifying claims procedures. Implementation of these recommendations is expected to improve the quality of JHT claims services and provide greater benefits for participants in their preparation for a more financially secure retirement.

The aim of this study is to explore the ethical principles applied in the process of creating and implementing poverty alleviation policies in Kabupaten Bima, utilizing a qualitative descriptive approach. Informants were selected purposively, involving key figures such as government officials from the Social Services and Regional Development Planning Agency (Bappeda) of Kabupaten Bima, academics, and community activists, to gather data through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The findings indicate that the success of these policies heavily depends on the implementation of transparency, distributive justice, and accountability. Transparency ensures that the policy process can be followed and monitored by the public, enhancing trust and community participation. Distributive justice promotes the fair allocation of resources, ensuring that all segments of society feel the benefits of the implemented policies. Meanwhile, accountability underscores the government's responsibility in managing and reporting resources fairly and honestly. This research also highlights the importance of using information technology to support transparency and enhance community participation, as well as strengthening the capacities of both government and communities to create an ethical and effective poverty alleviation system.

This study aims to explore and analyze how the integration of deontological ethics and virtue ethics can serve as a foundation for enhancing accountability and transparency in the Social Services Department of Bima Regency, focusing on the understanding and application of ethical principles by civil servants and their impact on governance. Employing a qualitative descriptive method, this research involved in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation studies to collect data from various informants directly involved in the implementation and supervision of bureaucratic ethics. Data analysis was conducted through an iterative model, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing to gain a deep understanding of the dynamics of deontological and virtue ethics in the bureaucratic environment of Bima Regency. The findings indicate that although the integration of deontological and virtue ethics holds great potential in enhancing transparency and accountability, real challenges are faced, including the misalignment between ethical principles and bureaucratic operational realities, resistance to change, and weaknesses in the oversight system. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive ethical education and training, the development of effective accountability mechanisms, and increased community participation as key strategies to overcome these challenges and strengthen the ethical foundation in the governance of Bima Regency.

This research aims to explain the influence of financial report transparency and accountability on the level of donor trust in the Yarhima Orphanage. This research method is quantitative research. The population of this study was 44 regular donors and 9 orphan guardian donors with a total of 53 donors and the sample in this study was 53 donors using a census sample. The data source in this research is primary data using a questionnaire with a Likert scale. The statistical tool used to test the hypothesis is regression with the help of the SPSS application. The results of the analysis show that the variables of transparency and accountability have a significant effect on the level of donor trust.

Schools, as educational facilities, have a crucial role in improving the quality and standards of national education to make it more advanced. In line with the introduction to PERMENDIKBUD No. 18 of 2019, the government provides compensation in the form of School Operational Assistance Funds (BOS) with the aim of helping fund school operational and non-personnel costs. Implementing school operational assistance is part of the state's responsibility to provide financing to the entire community and is an implementation of the mandate of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia to make the nation's life intelligent. Therefore, the author is interested in analyzing it in research entitled "Legal Responsibilities for Management of School Operational Assistance Funds at SD Negeri 1 Kunjeng, Gubug District" with the problem of what is the legal basis for managing School Operational Assistance Funds (BOS) at SD Negeri 1 Kunjeng and how? Legal responsibility for managing social assistance funds at SD N 1 Kunjeng, Gubug District. This research uses normative juridical which focuses on secondary data supported by the results of interviews and observations and analyzed qualitatively. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the legal basis for managing BOS funds at SD Negeri 1 Kunjeng is rooted in the 1945 Constitution, specifically Article 31B paragraphs (2) and (3), which requires the state to organize an equitable and high-quality national education system. UUSPN No. 20 of 2003 also becomes the legal basis with Article 50 paragraph (2) which requires the government to provide financial assistance for basic education. Technical instructions from PERMENDIKBUD No. 2 of 2022 provides detailed regulations regarding the management of BOS funds according to the needs of educational units, supporting the government's efforts to create equal and quality access to education. Legal responsibility for managing BOS funds at SD Negeri 1 Kunjeng is centered on the principal and the entire school. The 1945 Constitution requires the state to provide free basic education through a 9-year compulsory education program. BOS funds, as a state financial tool, are channeled directly to schools with the principles of flexibility and transparency

An Internet of Things (IoT)-based logistics monitoring system is an innovation designed to enhance efficiency, transparency, and speed in supply chain management. The implementation of IoT in logistics provides an ideal solution for real-time monitoring of goods, which was previously difficult with conventional methods. This system integrates IoT sensors such as GPS for location tracking, along with temperature and humidity sensors to monitor goods requiring special attention, such as food and pharmaceuticals. By automating processes through IoT technology, goods distribution becomes faster, reducing reliance on manual controls, speeding up decision-making, and minimising human error. This system enables companies to monitor the condition and location of goods in real-time, offering high visibility into the logistics status. With comprehensive monitoring, companies can proactively address issues and ensure goods remain in optimal condition throughout the shipping process. An IoT-based logistics monitoring system has the potential to enhance a company’s competitiveness through efficiency and accuracy in supply chain management. When effectively implemented, IoT technology can not only improve service quality and customer satisfaction but also strengthen a company’s position in an increasingly competitive market.

Recognizing outstanding students is an essential strategy to encourage learners to improve their academic performance and overall learning quality. However, the process of selecting the best students at SMK Negeri 1 Raman Utara still encounters significant challenges due to the complexity of the evaluation criteria, which include academic achievement, attendance, participation in extracurricular activities, and student behavior. The current manual selection method is considered less effective because it is time-consuming and susceptible to subjectivity in decision-making. This study aims to address these issues by developing a technology-based Decision Support System utilizing the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. SAW was chosen for its efficiency in solving multi-criteria problems through matrix normalization and preference weighting for each alternative. The development process includes requirement analysis, system design, and the implementation of an automated ranking mechanism for student candidates. Based on the testing results, the implemented system can process assessment data rapidly and produce accurate and objective rankings of high-achieving students. The system offers a practical solution for the school by enhancing transparency and validity in the selection process, minimizing human calculation errors, and supporting more equitable and data-driven decision-making.

The digital transformation within the public sector has shifted from an optional advancement to a primary parameter for local government success in managing dynamic metropolitan areas. This research examines the acceleration of Smart Governance in Surabaya through the implementation of the mandatory non-cash parking policy on public roads. Using a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical design, the study explores how this transition redefine the relationship between the government, parking attendants, and citizens. Findings indicate that the policy effectively minimizes budget leakage and enhances fiscal transparency. The integration of digital payment systems has transformed traditional parking management into a data-driven service, fostering public trust through accountable financial tracking. Furthermore, the shift from cash to digital transactions has successfully professionalized the role of parking attendants within the urban ecosystem. However, success relies heavily on consistent infrastructure readiness and public literacy. The study concludes that Surabaya's non-cash parking model serves as a vital instrument for strengthening Regional Original Revenue (PAD) while modernizing urban governance. These implications suggest that digital integration is not merely a technical change but a fundamental shift in bureaucratic culture. This model provides a strategic framework for other Indonesian metropolitan cities aiming to implement similar digital-based public service innovations and sustainable smart city governance.