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This qualitative literature review explores "Dynamic Workload Adjustment in Condition-Based Maintenance: A Review of Robust Optimization Approaches for Production Systems." The study synthesizes recent advancements in condition-based maintenance (CBM) frameworks, focusing on the application of robust optimization techniques to enhance production efficiency and maintenance decision-making. The review highlights the importance of dynamic workload adjustment as a crucial strategy for aligning maintenance activities with fluctuating production demands, ultimately aiming to minimize downtime and optimize resource utilization. By analyzing eight key studies in the field, this review identifies the strengths and challenges associated with the implementation of robust optimization models in CBM practices. Key findings indicate that while robust optimization significantly improves maintenance outcomes, challenges remain in terms of complexity, required skill sets, and organizational culture. The review concludes by emphasizing the need for further empirical research and the exploration of hybrid models to fully realize the benefits of dynamic workload adjustment in diverse industrial contexts. This study provides a comprehensive overview that will aid researchers and practitioners in understanding and advancing condition-based maintenance methodologies.

This research focuses on the application of predictive analytics in digital classrooms to track and predict student performance. The study aims to address the limitations of traditional teacher judgment, which often relies on limited data points and subjective assessments. The research proposes a machine learning-driven approach that utilizes data from Learning Management Systems (LMS), including student engagement, academic performance, and attendance, to predict student success or failure with greater accuracy. Various machine learning techniques, such as Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF), are applied to develop a predictive model that can identify at-risk students early. The findings show that the model achieves an accuracy rate of over 85%, with key predictors including past academic performance and student engagement. This model outperforms traditional assessment methods by providing real-time, data-driven insights that enable timely interventions. The study concludes that predictive analytics has significant potential to enhance educational outcomes by offering personalized support and improving curriculum design. However, challenges such as data integration, fairness, and privacy concerns must be addressed for broader implementation.

Purpose– The objective of this research is to develop an integrated operational management model for Smart & Green Villages (SGVs), combining the principles of smart villages and green villages to promote sustainable, inclusive, and adaptive rural development. This research emphasizes operational efficiency, environmental sustainability, digital technology utilization, and community participation as key pillars. Design/Methodology/Approach – A mixed-methods approach was adopted, involving surveys of villages in Indonesia that have begun adopting SGV principles, in-depth interviews with village officials and key stakeholders, and case studies of villages that have successfully implemented smart technologies and environmentally friendly practices. Data triangulation was applied to strengthen the validity of the findings. Findings – The study shows that integrating functional organizational structures, optimizing digital technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and village information systems, and building participatory community mechanisms significantly improve public service delivery, reduce operational costs, enhance environmental management, and strengthen socio-economic well-being. The study also identified new operational variables, including cost-effective innovation, digital local governance, inter-village shared resources, and socio-environmental audits as a multidimensional evaluation tool. Practical implications – These findings provide a practical framework for policymakers, local governments, and community leaders to implement and evaluate SGV. The multidimensional indicators proposed in this study enable continuous monitoring and adaptation of village operations to local conditions and resource constraints. Originality/Value – This study is one of the first to propose a concrete and replicable SGV operational management model by introducing new variables and multidimensional evaluation indicators. It enriches the theoretical discourse on smart and green village integration while offering actionable strategies for sustainable rural governance.

This research aims to develop a family-based marriage catechesis module as a foundation for post-wedding accompaniment of young Catholic couples. Using a qualitative approach with document study, the research identifies five key gaps in Catholic couple accompaniment: discontinuity of pastoral care, non-transformative pedagogical approaches, minimal involvement of experienced families, lack of content contextualization, and weak communal support. In response, a module with spiral structure was developed for continuous accompaniment during the first four years of marriage, integrating theological-spiritual, relational-psychological, social-communal, and practical-contextual dimensions. This module operationalizes the concept of "family as pastoral subject" through a mentoring model where experienced couples accompany newly married couples. Implementation requires systematic selection and formation of mentor couples, balanced accompaniment structures, and adaptive approaches. Integration strategies within parish systems include institutional support, appropriate ecclesiological approaches, a "hub and spoke" model, gradual implementation, and utilization of digital technology. This research offers a more participatory, relational, and contextual approach to marriage pastoral care.

Parsariran nature tourism is located in Batang Toru District, South Tapanuli Regency, which is one of the famous tourist destinations. This project aims to discuss the sustainability of the community empowerment process carried out with the development of tourist villages including forms of community empowerment and the results of community empowerment carried out. The approach to this aproject uses qualitative methods to discuss community characteristics and tourism potential. Data collection in this project was obtained through interviews and observation. The results of observations stated that there were many factors that made Parsariran Tourism in the Batang Toru sub-district a tourist destination with a high number of enthusiasts, including cool air, lots of hot springs, high community productivity and a fairly high rainfall factor which made the potential for hydropower development. Forms of community empowerment involve the role of the community from planning to implementing activities. The programs that have been carried out are in the form of socialization and training which includes socialization on tourism marketing strategies, socialization on tourism safety, socialization on tourism management systems and training on recycle or recycling of waste. Empowerment of the community through the development of tourist villages has implications for improving the quality of tourism and managing nature tourism in a more sustainable tourism area.

The goal of this article is to find the CEO of Iraqi companies that use strategic planning and determine if they are capable of diagnosing the traits of strategic planning systems that improve these companies' capacity to successfully address crisis-related needs. The capacity of the company to successfully react to crisis needs and demands is enhanced by the use of strategic planning, according to a review of data from 64 enterprises utilizing statistical analysis. Furthermore, top and division or unit managers must be involved and committed for strategic planning to be successful. It also has to be planned with an external orientation and get more than just lip service from top and unit or division level managers. In other words, it must concentrate on how well the business responds to the needs of its crisis and it must recognize and take advantage of any future growth crises. Additionally, a CEO must possess a variety of qualities to engage in good strategic planning. Core Competence Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities are especially important for individuals who will be in charge of carrying out the final plan since it must be compatible with the crisis-management and decision-making approaches. The study's findings suggest that managers of Iraqi businesses should think carefully about the value of strategic planning during times of crisis. also Many CEOs lack knowledge, skills, and talents since they did not complete business universities or practical training programs. Managers must attempt to incorporate crisis management into the strategic planning process for their organizations. The conclusion encourages a firm's strategy approach to include crisis management procedures. This contributes to better performance and increased crisis management efficacy. Additionally, the board of directors must rely on advice from experts who can assist them strategize and prepare throughout a crisis, which improves their capacity to handle one effectively. One way to integrate and improve managers' ability to handle crises is to encourage the use of strategic crisis planning.

This study explores how the theory of Multiple Intelligence proposed by Howard Gardner can be effectively integrated into the teaching and learning process and the challenges faced in its implementation in various educational contexts. This study analyzes existing literature through a literature review approach to find common patterns, research gaps, and best practices in applying Multiple intelligence theory in the classroom. The literature analyzed includes journal articles, academic books, and research reports focusing on teachers' understanding of multiple intelligences, learning methods based on dual Intelligence, student responses to applying these methods, and varied and inclusive assessment systems. The study results show that although the theory of multiple intelligences has been widely recognized in education, its application still faces various challenges. Teachers' understanding of this theory is often limited, and many have been unable to adapt teaching methods to accommodate students' diverse intelligences optimally. In addition, more infrastructure and resources in schools are also needed to support kinesthetic, musical, and visual-spatial Intelligence. Nonetheless, previous research has shown that students respond positively when the learning methods used match their dominant Intelligence, which can improve their motivation, engagement, and learning outcomes. This literature review concludes that a more varied and inclusive learning approach must accommodate all student intelligences. In addition, Assessment and evaluation in education must be more flexible, considering non-cognitive intelligences that have been ignored in standardized tests. This study recommends increasing teacher training, providing supporting infrastructure, and developing a curriculum more adaptive to the diversity of students' Intelligence. The results of this study make an essential contribution to enriching the understanding of applying the theory of multiple intelligences and offering solutions to the challenges faced in modern education.    

Increasing population density and concretization in urban areas, such as Magelang City, have caused a significant decrease in green open spaces (RTH), which has an impact on food security and independence. Magelang City, with a population density of 7,361 people/km², faces a major challenge in providing adequate green spaces to support local food production. Rejowinangun Selatan Village, as one example, shows the limited green open spaces available. To overcome this problem, urban farming, especially through hydroponic techniques, offers an effective solution. The methods applied in this community service include various approaches to educate and directly involve the community in the practice of making hydroponics with solar panels. By utilizing renewable energy-based technology, such as solar panels and integrated electrical systems, hydroponic farming allows food production in limited spaces such as house terraces. This system not only increases food independence and security, but also ensures that the vegetables produced are healthier because of the minimal use of pesticides. Urban farming with the hydroponic method can optimize the use of limited space and become a productive and sustainable alternative for urban communities.

The rapid growth of the business world is forcing companies to adopt automation and efficiency to survive and compete. PT. Varia Usaha Beton, a concrete manufacturer, relies heavily on an accounting system for raw material purchasing to ensure efficient operations. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the company's raw material purchasing accounting system, identify problems and recommend improvements. The research method used is descriptive and qualitative with a case study approach. Primary data was obtained through interviews and observations, while secondary data was obtained through company documents. The research results show that the system works well and supports cost control, inventory management and quality monitoring. However, there are several vulnerabilities such as human error, technical issues with the ERP system, and weather-related delays in shipping raw materials. Recommended improvements include improved employee training, optimizing the ERP system, and developing more efficient inventory management. This research provides insights into the importance of evaluating accounting systems to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of business operations. Further research is recommended to conduct comparative analysis with other companies and explore new technologies to increase purchasing management transparency and efficiency

The integration of digital transformation into government agencies' performance management has become essential in enhancing public service delivery, efficiency, and accountability. This study focuses on implementing the Electronic System for Government Agency Performance Accountability (E-SAKIP) in Indonesia as a case study of digital transformation. The research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design to explore the effectiveness, challenges, and impact of E-SAKIP on performance management. The findings indicate that E-SAKIP has significantly improved transparency and efficiency in government operations, reducing time and costs associated with performance reporting by up to 70%. However, challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, resistance to change, and insufficient training for government employees have hindered its full potential. The study underscores the need for ongoing support, including enhanced infrastructure, continuous training, and stronger leadership to ensure successful digital transformation. These insights offer valuable recommendations for further development of E-SAKIP and similar systems in other government contexts.

PBB is a tax whose revenue and arrange are carried out by the local government. The PBB revenue that does not even reach the target is currently a concern for the Serang Regency Government. This study aims to determine the effect of tax knowledge, online payment systems and income levels on tax revenues. And then to determine the moderating effect between tax knowledge, online payment systems and income levels on PBB revenues. The method used quantitative with a causal associative approach. The population are taxpayers who get SPPT as many as 410,478. The samples was determined by the Solvin formula as many as 100 respondents. The data analysis method used Moderated Regression Analysis using SmartPLS 4.0. Based on the results, the t-value is greater than 1.96 and the significance value of p-values is less than 0.05 so that partially tax knowledge, online payment systems, and income levels have a positive and significant effect on PBB revenue and the role of tax penalties can increase the influence of tax knowledge, online payment systems, and income levels have a significant effect on PBB revenue. So the conclusion is tax knowledge, online payment system, and income level have a significant effect on PBB revenue. Tax penalties are proven to positively moderate the influence of the three independent variables on PBB revenue.

The community service program implemented in Karang Tunggal Village, Tenggarong Seberang District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan, aims to strengthen breeders' capacity and support sustainable livestock development with the concept of assisted villages. Through a participatory and collaborative approach, this program involved ten livestock groups and twelve representatives from village officials, GAPoktan, field extension officers, sub-district officials, and the Agriculture and Livestock Service of Kutai Kartanegara district, with a total of 72 participants. The main activities include identifying needs, training, workshops, and discussions regarding sustainable livestock practices. The main focus of this program is the development of livestock areas, feed management, optimization of livestock production and reproduction, application of appropriate technology, and strategies to increase the competitiveness of livestock products. The results of this program show significant improvements in farmers' technical skills, feed stability through planting superior grasses and reduced dependence on commercial feeds. This program increases livestock productivity and income and encourages more sustainable and competitive livestock practices. These findings make Karang Tunggal Village a potential model for sustainable livestock development in East Kalimantan.

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a medical condition that affects various body systems and causes the heart to be unable to pump blood properly to meet metabolic needs. To increase oxygen levels in CHF patients, one approach is to change body position. This study used a descriptive method to evaluate the impact of the semi-Fowler position on oxygen levels. This study involved 10 patients in the ICU Room of RSUD Ir. Soekarno Sukoharjo, with the semi-Fowler position at a 45° angle applied for 15 minutes after eating at 13:00, from 23 to 25 May 2023. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were those with oxygen saturation <95%, while patients who refused or experienced complications were not included. The instruments used included the SOP for the 45° semi-Fowler position and the Mindray PM 60 oximeter. The results showed that the 45° semi-Fowler position could increase oxygen saturation by around 2%, with a variation in increase between 2% and 4%. In conclusion, the 45° semi-Fowler position can increase oxygen levels by around 3-4% in CHF patients, as well as help reduce shortness of breath.    

Bullying in educational institutions poses a major problem that impacts various aspects of students' lives, including their academic performance and mental well- being. This article explores oppression through legal, educational, and health perspectives while advocating multidisciplinary strategies to address it. By combining initiatives from these three areas, safer and healthier school environments can be fostered, as well as stronger support systems for those affected by bullying.

This study examines the impact of information systems, facilities, and competence on inpatient satisfaction with service quality as an intervening variable at Raja Ahmad Thabib Hospital, Riau Islands Province. The sample for this study consists of 100 individuals who either received healthcare services or are family members of patients. The research method employed is an associative method with a quantitative approach, utilizing Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis techniques through the SmartPLS Version 4.0 program. The results of the study indicate that the information system has a positive and significant effect on the satisfaction variable, facilities have a positive and significant effect on the satisfaction variable, competence does not significantly affect the satisfaction variable, service quality significantly affects the satisfaction variable, competence does not significantly affect the service quality variable, the information system has a positive and significant effect on the service quality variable, facilities have a positive and significant effect on the service quality variable, the information system positively and significantly affects the satisfaction variable with service quality as an intervening variable, facilities positively and significantly affect the satisfaction variable with service quality as an intervening variable, and competence does not significantly affect the satisfaction variable with service quality as an intervening variable at Raja Ahmad Thabib Hospital, Riau Islands Province.

This study explores the influence of digital payment systems on the growth of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Utilizing a quantitative approach, the research examines key indicators of SME growth, such as sales, customer base expansion, and transaction efficiency, before and after adopting digital payment systems. Findings reveal a significant positive correlation between digital payment adoption and SME growth metrics, suggesting that digital transformation in payments is instrumental in enhancing financial performance and market reach for SMEs.

This literature study examines the application of sustainable production systems in community empowerment, particularly focusing on industrial engineering implementation in local communities. Using a qualitative approach through document analysis, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews, the research identifies three critical findings. First, community-based production system models that integrate contextual analysis, participatory design, and continuous monitoring significantly improve productivity and income of local communities, as demonstrated in the weaving community in Sleman, Indonesia. Second, production engineering interventions that combine technological innovation and social empowerment generate sustainable economic impacts, including 11-13% increase in global agricultural commodity production and 43% reduction in worker idle time in the manufacturing sector. Third, an adaptive conceptual framework connecting local wisdom with digital technology strengthens community resilience, as seen in green construction practices based on local materials that reduce costs by up to 20% while improving quality of life. The study strengthens socio-technical systems theory by demonstrating that the success of sustainable production systems depends on synergies between technical, social, and institutional aspects.

Tropical diseases remain a serious public health challenge in Southeast Asia, particularly malaria, which has high morbidity and mortality rates. The complexity of their spread is influenced by various factors, including climate, environment, and population, requiring a spatially-based analytical approach to understand their distribution patterns. This study aims to develop a regression-based spatial model to predict the spread of tropical diseases and identify hotspots in high-risk areas. The data used include tropical disease case reports from national health agencies, climate data (temperature, rainfall, humidity) from BMKG and WorldClim, and population data (density and mobility) from  BPS and other official sources. The analysis was conducted using a Geographic Information System GIS for spatial mapping, as well as the application of spatial regression models, namely the Spatial Lag Model SLM and Spatial Error Model SEM. The results show that the developed model is able to predict disease distribution with a high level of accuracy, demonstrated by statistical validation through AIC, and Morans I. One of the main findings is the identification of malaria hotspots with a confidence level of 93, as well as the mapping of tropical disease risk predictions covering the Southeast Asian region. These results have significant implications for public health policy, particularly in resource allocation, prevention program planning, and priority area-based interventions. Furthermore, this study recommends the integration of big data and machine learning technologies to enrich predictive models and develop more adaptive early warning systems. Thus, this research contributes to strengthening tropical disease control strategies in Southeast Asia with a comprehensive spatial data-driven approach.

This research was carried out on the basis of describing promotion analysis in the development strategy of a sustainable tofu trading business in Simangambat village, Siabu sub-district, Mandailing Natal district by taking a case study in Simangambat village, Siabu sub-district, Mandailing Natal regency, which is one of the villages whose community has a tofu trading business, namely Sustainable tofu.  This research was conducted from October 2023- July 2024. This research method uses a qualitative approach where this research describes, explains and interprets objects according to what they are. Data validation was carried out by gathering information from several informants who were directly related to the Tofu Trading Business.  Apart from that, the researcher also carried out direct observations at the research location to verify the data whether the data obtained from the informants was in line with reality data or not. As a result of this research, the author concludes that the promotion analysis in the development strategy for the sustainable tofu trading business in Simangambat village still cannot be said to be optimal. This can be seen from the marketing system of tofu factories which has not kept up with the times and is still developing a system through a system of entrusting it to stalls. So sustainable tofu businesses must develop systems such as using social media for marketing so that the business they manage can develop further and can also compete with other tofu businesses.     

Indonesia is a country with a high level of earthquake vulnerability, thus demanding innovation in building structural engineering that is not only safe but also environmentally friendly. In the context of sustainable development, bamboo as an abundant local material is starting to gain attention as an alternative to conventional materials. Bamboo, when processed into composites in the form of fibers or in combination with thermoplastic and thermoset polymers, has been proven to have superior mechanical properties, including tensile strength, stiffness, and resistance to chemical degradation. In addition, the characteristics of water absorption that are controlled through certain treatments make bamboo composites more competitive compared to synthetic materials. The application of bamboo composites in construction is not only limited to new materials in structural elements, but also effective in retrofitting methods. For example, recent research shows the potential of bamboo composites in strengthening reinforced concrete beams and improving the performance of frame systems in earthquake-resistant structures. In line with this, seismic design regulations and standards such as the comparison between SNI 1726:2012 and SNI 1726:2019 demonstrate the importance of adapting structural designs to local seismic conditions. The integration of bamboo composite materials with structural capacity analysis, numerical simulation, and pushover analysis methods has yielded promising results for improving building resilience to dynamic loads. Beyond technical aspects, this approach also supports environmental objectives. Several studies have even developed eco-friendly home prototypes utilizing innovative material combinations, including geopolymer blocks and natural fibers. Thus, the use of bamboo composites not only provides a technical solution to earthquake challenges but also contributes to global efforts to reduce the carbon footprint of the construction sector.