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Intelligence is an individual's ability to comprehend, connect, and solve a variety of problems. This study reviews the concept of intelligence from various perspectives, including definitions, classifications of intelligence, and the factors that influence it. This study also discusses multiple intelligences such as intellectual quotient (IQ), emotional quotient (EQ), and spiritual quotient (SQ), as well as various other forms of intelligence based on Howard Gardner's theory. Heredity and environment are presented as the main determinants of individual intelligence development. This study aims to understand the complexity of human intelligence and how intelligence can be applied in learning, especially in Islamic religious education.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Betang Mobile application as an innovation in welfare services for MSME partners at PT. Bank Pembangunan Kalimantan Tengah. The study uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and document analysis to explore the experiences and perspectives of various stakeholders involved, including MSME customers, customer service, and bank management. The research method applied is a case study with an innovation diffusion theory approach as proposed by Everett M. Rogers (1995). In this study, five key characteristics of innovation diffusion relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability are used to evaluate the impact and acceptance of the Betang Mobile application among MSME partners. Data collected from interviews with informants, including MSME customers and customer service, indicate that 75% of MSME players feel the application enhances service access, while 85% of users find the application compatible with their needs. The findings show that the Betang Mobile application has provided benefits in terms of efficiency and ease of access for MSME partners. About 40% of users report increased satisfaction, and 82% consider the application more efficient compared to traditional methods. Challenges include the adoption of technology by older MSME players and those in remote areas. Based on these findings, the study recommends that Bank Pembangunan Kalimantan Tengah focus on digital education for MSME partners, strengthen data security systems, and consistently update features to maintain the application's relevance. In conclusion, the Betang Mobile application has proven to make a positive contribution to the welfare services of MSME partners, with visible impacts on the accessibility and efficiency of banking services. To enhance the effectiveness of this application, it is recommended that Bank Pembangunan Kalimantan Tengah address challenges related to technology adoption and data security, as well as conduct regular evaluations of the application's features to keep them aligned with evolving user needs.

This article examines various aspects related to khamar, including its linguistic meaning, definitions, impacts, and the Islamic legal perspective on it. In Arabic, khamar means something that conceals or covers, referring to intoxicating beverages that impair rational thinking. Scholars provide various definitions of khamar, encompassing intoxicants derived from fermented grapes and other substances. From an Islamic perspective, khamar is considered to have more harmful effects than benefits, affecting social, economic, and health aspects. Although the trade of khamar may provide worldly profits, it is deemed contrary to Islamic teachings due to its potential to promote immorality and corrupt morals. The impact of khamar consumption on minors is particularly damaging, affecting their physical and mental health as well as causing broader social repercussions. Islamic legal sanctions against the consumption of khamar emphasize strict prohibition to prevent its use, although specific worldly punishments are not elaborated upon. This study highlights that despite the financial advantages it might offer, the negative consequences of khamar far outweigh its benefits and should therefore be avoided for the well-being of society.    

Global pop culture has become a dominant force shaping the values and identities of Generation Z, a cohort raised in the digital age. This generation faces the challenge of integrating global cultural influences with local values. This study aims to analyze the impact of global pop culture on the social values and individual identities of Generation Z through philosophical, idealistic, and empirical lenses. Using a descriptive-narrative method based on secondary data, the article offers strategic solutions, including media literacy education, local culture reinforcement, and global-local collaboration. The findings reveal that global pop culture plays a dual role: enriching perspectives while posing a threat to local values. Multi-stakeholder collaboration is essential to managing these influences wisely.    

This qualitative literature review explores the evolving relationship between corporate governance and corporate strategy, focusing on recent insights and identifying future research directions. Drawing on a comprehensive analysis of studies from 2023–2024, the review highlights the pivotal role of governance mechanisms—such as board composition, accountability frameworks, and sustainability integration—in shaping strategic decision-making. Key findings reveal the increasing importance of diversity, long-term ownership structures, and adaptive governance practices in addressing global challenges. Furthermore, the study synthesizes the impacts of governance on strategic outcomes, emphasizing areas requiring further empirical exploration, such as the intersection of sustainability and innovation. This review contributes to the academic discourse by offering a consolidated perspective on governance-strategy dynamics while providing a roadmap for future research endeavors. Limitations and avenues for advancing the theoretical and practical understanding of this critical relationship are also discussed.

Labeling theory provides a critical perspective on the criminal justice system that tends to reinforce criminal identities through formal labeling. Unfortunately, criminal policies that are ideally designed to manage crime and maintain social stability often result in negative impacts such as stigmatization. This study explores the integration of labeling theory and decriminalization as a more inclusive and social justice-based criminal policy approach. The research method used is a qualitative research method with a conceptual approach. The results of the study indicate that decriminalization prevents formal labeling that is the root of the cycle of social stigma. In addition, decriminalization provides opportunities for individuals to remain integrated into society, increases their access to health services and rehabilitation programs, and creates more inclusive social conditions. However, the success of decriminalization depends heavily on the government's ability to overcome various inherent challenges, including cultural resistance, concerns about policy abuse, and limited supporting infrastructure.

Ilmu Shorof, as an essential part of Arabic language studies, has a profound connection with the philosophy of science. This relationship encompasses aspects of study objects, methods, and goals that complement each other in understanding language. From the perspective of the philosophy of science, Ilmu Shorof is viewed as a structured knowledge system, a cultural product reflecting social values, and a tool for acquiring knowledge about the Arabic language, including religious and literary texts. Furthermore, Ilmu Shorof contributes philosophically to global language studies through its systematic approach. This research examines the relevance and philosophical implications of Ilmu Shorof in academic and practical contexts, offering a new perspective on the significance of this discipline in modern scholarship.

Maharah kalam (Speech proficiency) is one type of proficiency in Arabic. Maharah kalam is the skill of conveying messages orally using Arabic as a medium, without ignoring the rules of language use so that what is conveyed is easily understood by the person you are speaking to or the recipient of the message. The philosophy of science makes an important contribution to this scholarship. In the philosophy of science there are three main pillars in defining the object of study, namely ontology, epistemology and axiology. This article discusses maharah kalam in Arabic which is studied from the perspective of the philosophy of science. This research uses a literature review method, namely what is presented in this article comes from all types of references, such as books, articles, journals, and others. Everything is presented in depth according to the specified theme. Finally, in this research it can be concluded that maharah kalam in Arabic from the perspective of the philosophy of science shows that mastery of Arabic is not just a technical skill, but also reflects a deep understanding of the reality of the language, its epistemological processes, and the values ​​contained therein. This integration of philosophical dimensions provides a solid foundation for Arabic speaking proficiency, making it not only practically useful but also academically and spiritually meaningful..

Maintenance is one of the important aspects of married life that is regulated in Islamic law. In this context, an understanding of the maintenance of poor husbands becomes very crucial, especially in the perspective of Imam Abu Hanifah. This study aims to examine Imam Abu Hanifah's view on the obligation of maintenance for husbands who are poor and its implications for the social and economic life of the family. This research methodology uses a qualitative approach with literature analysis from various sources, including fiqh books and scientific journals. The results show that even though the husband is poor, he still has the responsibility to provide maintenance according to his ability.

Awareness of personal health is very important in improving the quality of life, especially among students who are in a transition period from adolescence to early adulthood. This research aims to understand more deeply about human health which includes physical, mental, and social aspects. By increasing students' awareness of personal health, it is hoped that it can improve their overall quality of life. The research also highlights the importance of students' understanding of social and historical developments, which can contribute to their well-being as well as create social responsibility. Health awareness involves not only paying attention to the body, but also the role of social and mental relationships in maintaining a balance in life. In this context, the philosophy of health, including ontology and existentialism perspectives, provides insight into the responsibility of individuals towards their life choices. By developing better awareness, students are expected to be better able to manage their physical, mental, and social health, so that they can achieve a more meaningful and quality life.

Globalisation introduces substantial changes to human existence, combined with in social, economic and cultural elements. However, these adjustments furthermore offer critical obstacles, specifically for Muslims, United Nations agency generally need to confront beliefs and practices that contrast with monotheism teachings. With an emphasis on social, economic, and cultural facets, this analysis seeks to examine the applicability of Qur'anic interpretation in addressing the issues of globalization. It is intended that a wide range of flexible and conversational approaches to interpretation will provide fresh perspectives on how the holy text's lessons remain pertinent and relevant in today's modern world. Using literature reviews and material gathered from a variety of contemporary commentary, books, scientific papers, and journals, a qualitative analysis technique is employed. The findings of the analysis demonstrate that a discourse interpretation of the Qur'an will address the problems of economic injustice, social inequality, and the cultural psychological state brought on by globalization. Finally, in order to respond to the problems of globalization and ensure that the teachings of the Qur'an remain relevant in the current era, a dynamic interpretation method is absolutely essential.

Digitization has driven information technology to become a fundamental foundation in facilitating human tasks across various aspects, including governance. This study focuses on the implementation of the Online Public Service Application (PRO) Denpasar as part of e-government implementation in Denpasar City. The research aims to analyze the effectiveness of the PRO Denpasar application in improving the quality of public services, identify implementation challenges, and formulate improvement strategies based on a SWOT analysis. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method as the issues examined are social and dynamic in nature. This method enables researchers to explore phenomena in-depth by gathering information from various perspectives. The qualitative approach provides flexibility in understanding the social context and the dynamics of interactions between individuals or groups related to the phenomenon being studied. The results indicate that although the public satisfaction level with the application exceeds 80%, several challenges remain, such as uneven socialization, digital divides, and slow responses from relevant parties. The proposed strategies include developing a collaboration-based digital platform, enhancing data security, and implementing digital inclusion programs. This research underscores the importance of multi-stakeholder collaboration and continuous innovation to support the success of e-government.

Sustainability is becoming a critical focus within maritime education, leadership, and workforce development as the industry adapts to evolving environmental regulations and safety imperatives. This research explores the integration of sustainability principles in maritime training programs and leadership frameworks, addressing gaps in workforce development and the application of sustainable practices. The study provides original insights by examining qualitative perspectives from maritime professionals, educators, and graduates, complementing previous research by offering empirical evidence on sustainability in vocational education. The primary objective was to investigate how sustainability is embedded within maritime education and leadership, focusing on its role in fostering safety cultures and environmental responsibility. The research employed a qualitative approach, combining systematic literature review (SLR) with interviews and questionnaires involving ten maritime stakeholders. The results indicate a strong alignment between sustainability goals and educational frameworks, with leadership emerging as a key driver of sustainable practices. While overall scores reflect significant progress, the findings highlight areas for enhancing workforce development, particularly in reinforcing environmental responsibility. The study underscores the importance of leadership in shaping sustainable organizational cultures and advocates for more comprehensive, sustainability-focused curricula in maritime vocational programs. The conclusions emphasize the need for greater collaboration between educational institutions and industry leaders to ensure cohesive progress in sustainability adoption. This research contributes to shaping a future maritime workforce that is technically proficient, environmentally conscious, and safety-driven.

This study aims to describe the phenomenon of toddlers being left behind by parents who work in Dusun Nganyang RT 04, Sitimulyo Village, Piyungan, Bantul, and to analyze the community's perspective on this phenomenon from an Islamic viewpoint. The research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive type of study, which presents the phenomenon in depth without using statistical tools. Data were collected through interviews, non-participant direct observation, and documentation, involving four housewives as informants. The findings show that the community views this phenomenon as an economic necessity, although there is concern about its impact on the emotional and social development of toddlers. From an Islamic perspective, parenting, especially in early childhood, is a significant responsibility of parents, emphasizing the balance between work and providing full attention to children. The implications of this study highlight the importance of religious and social education for the community to understand Islamic values related to child-rearing, as well as the need for policies that support family welfare without sacrificing children's development.

This paper examines the influence of Qatar’s Islamic identity on its policies during the 2022 FIFA World Cup, with a focus on LGBTQ rights. Using a constructivist approach, the study explores how Qatar’s adherence to Islamic principles, particularly Sharia law, shaped its regulations and responses to international pressures. Qatar's prohibition of LGBTQ symbols, despite assurances of safety for all attendees, including the LGBTQ community, drew significant criticism from Western nations and human rights organizations. The study highlights the tension between Qatar’s cultural and religious values and global expectations surrounding inclusivity and human rights. It also explores the broader implications of Qatar’s policies, reflecting its challenge of balancing traditional Islamic values while hosting a global event. Ultimately, this research sheds light on the complexities of cultural diplomacy and the difficulties nations like Qatar face in navigating conflicting global and local norms.

This research aims to analyze the mitigation of the risk of exploitation and violence against women Indonesian migrant workers in the informal sector as well as the responsibilities of the government and migrant employment agencies. Using the normative juridical method, this research examines relevant legal norms, such as the Indonesian Migrant Workers Protection Act, to evaluate the protection of women migrant workers' rights. Data is obtained from documentation of primary and secondary legal sources, analyzed using a feminist perspective to understand vulnerability factors and challenges in the feminization of migration. The results show that mitigating the risk of exploitation and violence against women Indonesian migrant workers in the informal sector includes preventive measures, such as pre-departure education, skills training, recruitment agency supervision, and legal empowerment. During the working period, protection is carried out through standardized work contracts, access to social protection, and bilateral cooperation, while post-work, economic and social reintegration is carried out through mentoring and entrepreneurship training. However, weak implementation of regulations, lack of oversight, and sectoral silos exacerbate the vulnerability of women Indonesian migrant workers in the informal sector to exploitation, discrimination, and rights violations. The responsibilities of the government and migrant employment agencies include legal protection at all stages of migration, from pre-departure recruitment, monitoring of working conditions, and post-employment reintegration programs to ensure that women migrant workers receive comprehensive protection through effective enforcement of employment contracts, legal aid, monitoring, and social reintegration. This research recommends improved regulation, pre-departure education, recruitment agency supervision, legal empowerment, and post-worker reintegration to reduce the risk of exploitation and violence against women migrant workers.

Underage marriage is a significant issue in various regions in Indonesia, including Owata Village, Bulango Ulu Subdistrict, Bone Bolango Regency. This study aims to examine the implementation of underage marriage from a juridical and sociological perspective. A qualitative approach with descriptive methods was used to understand the social, cultural, economic and educational factors that influence the phenomenon. The results show that the main factors that encourage early marriage include deep-rooted social norms and traditions, economic pressure, low access to education, and lack of understanding of the legal and health impacts. This practice often contradicts Law No. 16/2019, which sets the minimum age of marriage at 19 years. The consequences of underage marriage include negative impacts on reproductive health, increased risk of domestic violence, and barriers to education and careers. Therefore, comprehensive efforts through community education, economic empowerment, increased legal socialization, and more effective supervision are needed to reduce the practice of early marriage and protect children's rights. This research emphasizes the importance of synergy between the community, legal apparatus, and government to provide sustainable solutions.

This study examines the ethics of social media use from the perspective of hadith and verses of the Qur'an with a focus on privacy and social responsibility. Social media, as a dominant communication tool, is often misused, resulting in privacy violations, the spread of inaccurate information, and other negative impacts. This study uses a literature approach to authentic hadiths and interpretations of verses of the Qur'an. The results of the study show that Islam prohibits the actions of tajasuss (spying) and ghibah (backbiting), as emphasized in the hadith: "Whoever spies on others, Allah will spy on him." In addition, QS. Al-Isra: 36 reminds us of the importance of verifying information before it is disseminated. The principle of amar ma'ruf nahi munkar requires social media users to encourage goodness, share positive content, and avoid destructive behavior, such as bullying or the spread of inappropriate content. The application of Islamic ethics in social media can reduce the negative impacts of technology while creating safer and more beneficial interactions in cyberspace.  

Sustainability is becoming a critical focus within maritime education, leadership, and workforce development as the industry adapts to evolving environmental regulations and safety imperatives. This research explores the integration of sustainability principles in maritime training programs and leadership frameworks, addressing gaps in workforce development and the application of sustainable practices. The study provides original insights by examining qualitative perspectives from maritime professionals, educators, and graduates, complementing previous research by offering empirical evidence on sustainability in vocational education. The primary objective was to investigate how sustainability is embedded within maritime education and leadership, focusing on its role in fostering safety cultures and environmental responsibility. The research employed a qualitative approach, combining systematic literature review (SLR) with interviews and questionnaires involving ten maritime stakeholders. The results indicate a strong alignment between sustainability goals and educational frameworks, with leadership emerging as a key driver of sustainable practices. While overall scores reflect significant progress, the findings highlight areas for enhancing workforce development, particularly in reinforcing environmental responsibility. The study underscores the importance of leadership in shaping sustainable organizational cultures and advocates for more comprehensive, sustainability-focused curricula in maritime vocational programs. The conclusions emphasize the need for greater collaboration between educational institutions and industry leaders to ensure cohesive progress in sustainability adoption. This research contributes to shaping a future maritime workforce that is technically proficient, environmentally conscious, and safety-driven.

The purpose of this researcher is to find out the extent of the influence related to the importance of a global perspective is very important, because in essence we as citizens of the world cannot escape from social life in which there is a lot of diversity such as views, languages, religions, customs, cultures and so on. A global perspective teaches prospective educators and educators to understand how to deal with global problems, one of which is facing challenges in the Era of Society 5.0. The results of this study indicate that the insight of a global perspective is very important for prospective educators and educators to face various challenges in the Era of Society 5.0 and provide experience to prospective educators and educators regarding their views on the Era of Society 5.0.