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Health issues related to free radicals remain a serious concern in Indonesia as they can trigger oxidative stress and degenerative diseases. Red ginger (Alpinia purpurata) is a rhizome plant with potential as a source of natural antioxidants due to its secondary metabolite content; however, its effectiveness is highly influenced by extraction techniques. Although numerous experimental studies have been conducted, a systematic research mapping on this topic is still lacking. This study aims to perform a bibliometric analysis of scientific publications regarding the antioxidant potential of red ginger, focusing on extraction techniques and free radical scavenging activity. The research method employs a quantitative analysis using data sourced from the Scopus database for the 2015–2025 period. Through specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, 38 relevant articles were obtained and analyzed using VOSviewer 1.6.20 software. The results indicate that publication trends have fluctuated, reaching a peak in 2024. Research distribution is dominated by Asian countries, with India, Thailand, and Indonesia as the primary contributors. Network visualization reveals three main clusters focusing on bioactivity, phytochemistry, chemical analysis, antimicrobial activity, and extraction techniques. A research gap was identified for the Alpinia purpurata species compared to Alpinia galanga, as well as opportunities for developing advanced instruments such as LC-MS and other complex analytical techniques. The implications of this study highlight the need for further exploration into 'nanoemulsion' and 'green extraction' to enhance the bioavailability of red ginger's antioxidant compounds in the development of future innovative pharmaceutical products

Decoction is a traditional extraction method rooted in ethnobotany; however, meeting quality standards in modern pharmaceutical research remains a major challenge. This study aims to map global research trends regarding phenolic and flavonoid compounds in decoctions over the 2015–2025 period through bibliometric analysis. Data were retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed using VOSviewer 1.6.20 software, employing the fractional counting method to ensure a more proportional weighting of keyword relationships. The results indicate a fluctuating trend that significantly increased toward the end of the period, peaking at 78 documents in 2025, with India and China emerging as the primary contributors. Network visualization and research density analysis reveal that the global research focus remains centered on antioxidant capacity (DPPH, TPC, and TFC), while decoction itself occupies a supporting position within the research map. This study concludes that decoction has not yet become a central focus in modern pharmaceutical research but serves primarily as a vehicle for presenting active compounds. There remains a significant gap between traditional decoction use and the application of advanced analytical technologies such as HPLC and antibacterial testing, representing a substantial opportunity for future research to validate the safety and efficacy of decoctions more scientifically and through standardized approaches.

This study was conducted to review the quality of test items in Business Economics and General Administration subjects using a classical analysis approach. The assessment process included examining validity, reliability, difficulty level, the ability of questions to differentiate student abilities, and the accuracy of distractors. The research approach used was descriptive quantitative, with 32 students from grades XI and XII majoring in Accounting as subjects and 50 multiple-choice questions as instruments. The main focus of this study was to ensure that the evaluation tools used were truly capable of describing students' competency achievements. Data analysis was conducted through observation results and student responses on Google Forms, which were then processed using the Anates Version 4.0 application. The results of the analysis showed that most of the questions had high validity and reliability, good discrimination power, and a moderate level of difficulty. However, the overall quality of the distractors was not good enough, and there were no questions in the difficult category. Overall, the quality of the questions in this subject can be categorized as good and suitable for evaluating the learning of vocational high school students in grades XI and XII.

Instagram has become a strategic medium for government institutions in delivering public information, particularly weather and disaster-related information that requires speed, clarity, and ease of understanding. The BMKG of Gowa Regency utilizes digital communication innovations through the use of informative memes and a virtual character named Shinna as a visual communication strategy to enhance the effectiveness of information dissemination to the public. This study aims to analyze the influence of meme usage and the virtual character Shinna on the information satisfaction of Instagram users of BMKG Gowa Regency by employing the Stimulus–Response (S–R) theory perspective, which views visual messages as stimuli capable of eliciting cognitive and affective responses from audiences. This research adopts a quantitative approach using a survey method. Data were collected through an online questionnaire with a four-point Likert scale administered to followers of the BMKG Gowa Regency Instagram account who had viewed or interacted with meme content and the virtual character Shinna. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with the assistance of SmartPLS software. The results indicate that the use of memes and the virtual character Shinna has a positive and significant effect on users’ information satisfaction, both partially and simultaneously. Meme usage shows a more dominant influence compared to the virtual character Shinna, while the coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.834 indicates that both variables explain 83.4% of the variance in users’ information satisfaction. These findings confirm that public communication strategies based on memes and virtual characters are effective in enhancing audience understanding, comfort, and satisfaction with disaster-related information.

The increasing trend of secondhand clothing consumption, commonly known as thrift shopping, reflects a major shift in consumer behavior. This study aims to analyze the influence of product quality, price, and lifestyle on consumers’ purchase decisions for secondhand clothing at the Tugu Pahlawan Sunday Morning Market in Surabaya. This research employed a quantitative approach using a non-probability sampling design. Primary data were obtained from 167 respondents through structured questionnaires utilizing a five-point Likert scale. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression with the support of SPSS software, preceded by validity, reliability, and classical assumption tests. The results show that product quality, price, and lifestyle simultaneously have a significant influence on purchase decisions. Partially, product quality and lifestyle have a positive and significant effect, while price shows a weaker but still significant influence. These findings indicate that consumers’ decisions to purchase secondhand clothing are not solely driven by low prices but also influenced by perceived product quality and lifestyle preferences. This study contributes to the understanding of consumer behavior in informal markets and provides practical implications for business practitioners and policymakers to enhance sustainable consumption patterns.

This study aims to analyze the effect of education level on the quality of financial statements based on SAK EMKM, with accounting information systems as a moderating variable, focusing on coffee shop micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Kediri City, Indonesia. A quantitative approach was employed using primary data collected through structured questionnaires distributed to 32 business owners or financial managers selected by purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with SPSS software.The results indicate that education level has a positive and significant effect on the quality of financial statements, suggesting that higher educational attainment enhances accounting understanding and compliance with SAK EMKM. However, accounting information systems were found to weaken this relationship, indicating that system complexity, limited digital literacy, and insufficient technical training may reduce the effectiveness of education in improving financial reporting quality. These findings highlight that improving financial reporting quality among MSMEs requires not only higher educational capacity but also appropriate technological support and continuous technical assistance. This study contributes to the accounting literature by emphasizing the contextual role of accounting information systems in shaping the relationship between human capital and financial reporting quality in MSMEs.

Punctuality is a crucial factor in ship repair projects because it directly affects operational efficiency, project costs, and the utilization rate of shipyard facilities. Delays in work completion can lead to increased costs, disruption of ship operational schedules, and decreased shipyard productivity. Therefore, this study aims to analyze and optimize the repair scheduling of Ship X at PT XYZ using the Critical Path Method (CPM). The research data were obtained from the actual project schedule compiled using Microsoft Project software, including the duration of each activity and the dependency relationships between tasks. The analysis results show that the project has one main critical path with a total duration of 74 hours. Most activities are on the critical path with a float value of 0 hours, while the Non-Destructive Test Penetrant Testing activity has a time slack of 1 hour. The application of the CPM method has proven effective in identifying critical activities, improving schedule control, and supporting managerial decision-making in optimizing ship repair projects.  

This study aims to determine the effect of service quality and promotion on members' saving decisions at BMT Fajar Bina Sejahtera Metro Branch. This research uses a quantitative approach with data collection through questionnaires given to 98 respondents, selected using purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS software. The results show that both service quality and promotion have a positive and significant effect on saving decisions, both partially and simultaneously. However, service quality has a more dominant influence compared to promotion. The coefficient of determination (Adjusted R²) indicates that 32.4% of the variation in saving decisions can be explained by these two independent variables. Therefore, BMT Fajar Bina Sejahtera needs to continuously improve service quality and design more effective promotional strategies to attract and retain members to be more active in saving. This research provides important insights for BMT management in formulating more precise policies to enhance members' saving decisions.

Digital transformation has become a strategic necessity for both public and private organizations in improving efficiency, service quality, and competitiveness in the digital era. The success of digital transformation is greatly influenced by the readiness and planning of integrated and sustainable IT infrastructure. This study aims to analyze the role of IT infrastructure planning in supporting the implementation of organizational digital transformation. The method used is a systematic literature review of scientific publications relevant to the topic of IT infrastructure, strategic information system planning, and digital transformation. The review results indicate that IT infrastructure serves as the main foundation of digital transformation, encompassing hardware, software, networks, data centers, information security, and human resources. Poorly planned IT infrastructure has the potential to cause various issues, such as limited technology capacity, digital divides, cybersecurity risks, and investment inefficiencies. Therefore, strategic IT infrastructure planning that aligns with the organization's vision is required, supported by adequate funding, human resource competency development, and adaptive digital leadership to ensure the successful and sustainable implementation of digital transformation.

Emotion is a natural aspect of human life, including that of individuals with Cerebral Palsy or CP. Generally, emotion can be triggered by situational factors and expressed through language, particularly through prosody. However, studies that explicitly link emotion, CP, and prosody remain limited. Therefore, this research aimed to identify the types of emotions experienced by Mike, a character with CP in theTriumph movie, as well as their prosodic performances. The research data consisted of Mike’s utterances and facial expressions, which were analyzed qualitatively using observation and documentation methods, along with note-taking and triangulation technique. The theories used were psycholinguistic, affective priming, and prosodic, that was also supported by Praat software. The findings showed that the emotions expressed by Mike included happiness (the most dominant), sadness, anger, surprise (the least frequent), and fear, which were triggered by social support or rejection from people around him. From a prosodic perspective, intonation and loudness exhibited contrasting patterns, resulting in varying degrees of word stress. Happiness was characterized by a pitch of 155.31 Hz and an intensity of 58.78 dB, sadness by a lower pitch of 148.54 Hz and the lowest intensity at 53.89 dB, anger by the highest pitch at 280.7 Hz and the strongest intensity at 62.47 dB, surprise by a pitch of 196.3 Hz and an intensity of 56.38 dB, and fear by a pitch of 161.03 Hz with an intensity of 57.97 dB.In sum, the results indicated a strong interrelationship between emotion and prosody in Mike’s speech.

This study aims to analyze the influence of motivation, organizational commitment, and pedagogical competence on the performance of elementary school teachers who are members of the Teacher Working Group (KKG) in Teluk Sebong District. The research employed a quantitative approach with a saturated sampling technique, involving all 112 teachers as respondents. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression through SPSS software. The partial test results show that motivation has a positive and significant effect on teachers' performance (t = 3.768; sig = 0.000), organizational commitment has a positive and significant effect on teachers' performance (t = 2.093; sig = 0.039), and pedagogical competence has a positive and significant effect on teachers' performance (t = 3.059; sig = 0.003). Simultaneously, the three variables significantly affect teachers' performance (F = 9.153; sig = 0.000). The determination coefficient indicates an R Square value of 0.203, meaning that 20.3% of the variation in teachers' performance can be explained by motivation, organizational commitment, and pedagogical competence, while the remaining 79.7% is influenced by other factors outside this model.

This study aims to analyze the effect of price on purchasing decisions of broiler chicken production inputs (sapronak) among partner farmers of PT Sejahtera Abadi Unggas, Kediri Unit. A quantitative approach with a causal research design was employed. The research sample consisted of 104 active partner farmers, selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through structured questionnaires using a five-point Likert scale. The collected data were analyzed using validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, and simple linear regression analysis with the assistance of SPSS software. The results indicate that price has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. The regression analysis produces the equation Y = 2.103 + 0.940X, with a significance value of 0.000, confirming that an increase in positive price perception significantly enhances purchasing decisions. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.699 shows that price explains 69.9% of the variation in purchasing decisions, while the remaining 30.1% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study. These findings highlight that competitive, fair, and value-based pricing strategies play a crucial role in strengthening long-term partnerships and sustaining purchasing behavior among broiler farmers. The study provides empirical evidence that can support managerial decision-making in developing effective pricing strategies within the agribusiness sector.

One of the key instruments for advertising travel destinations is the growth of social media, particularly Instagram. Nevertheless, a large number of Instagram followers does not automatically translate into a large number of visitor visits. Rio By The Beach Beach in Kalianda, South Lampung had the most visitors during the 2025 holiday season, despite having fewer Instagram followers than other beach attractions. This condition suggests that the effectiveness of electronic word-of-mouth (E-WOM) and social media marketing may have a significant impact on travelers' decisions to visit. Thus, the purpose of this study is to ascertain how tourists' decisions to visit Rio By The Beach in Kalianda, South Lampung, are influenced by Instagram social media marketing and electronic word-of-mouth. This study examines 170 visitors to Rio By The Beach using a quantitative methodology and selective sampling strategies. Questionnaires were sent as part of the data collection process, and SPSS software was utilized for multiple linear regression data analysis. The study's findings show that electronic word-of-mouth and Instagram social media marketing significantly and favorably influence travelers' decisions to visit. Electronic word-of-mouth has a greater impact than the other one. The study's conclusions suggest that tourism destination managers should concentrate their marketing efforts more on user interaction, high-quality information, and developing travel experiences that can promote the creation of positive electronic word-of-mouth (E-WOM) in order to boost travelers' decisions to come.

The creative economy industry serves as a strategic pillar of the national economy, experiencing significant transformation in the digital era. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the pattern of human resource (HR) competency gaps within priority subsectors of Indonesia's creative economy and formulate effective, multi-stakeholder development strategies. Employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology, this research rigorously analyzes 30 scientific journal articles, government reports, and publications from global institutions published between 2014 and 2024. The findings delineate three primary clusters of competency gaps: (1) The Digital-Technical Competency Gap, encompassing deficiencies in data analytics, specialized software mastery, and digital content creation tools; (2) The Digital-Business Competency Gap, which includes shortcomings in digital financial literacy, online business model development, and management of digital intellectual property rights; and (3) The Social-Cognitive Competency Gap, highlighting needs in adaptability, complex problem-solving, and effective virtual collaboration. In response, this paper proposes an integrative strategic framework grounded in a collaborative multi-stakeholder approach. Key recommendations include revitalizing educational curricula through industry-embedded learning and micro-credential integration, developing agile and accessible training ecosystems featuring bootcamps and digital platforms, and fostering supportive policies through fiscal incentives and the alignment of national qualification frameworks with digital skill standards. The successful implementation of this synergistic strategy is expected to significantly enhance the adaptability, innovation capacity, and global competitiveness of Indonesia's creative workforce, thereby ensuring the sustainable growth of the creative economy sector in the face of rapid digital disruption.

This community service program is entitled Improving Microcontroller Competence of Students of SMK Negeri 3 Pematangsiantar through Arduino Training Based on Industrial Practice and is implemented as a follow-up to the school's official request to invite university practitioners as guest teachers in order to strengthen industry-based vocational learning. The activity was carried out on November 27, 2025 at the Computer Laboratory of SMK Negeri 3 Pematangsiantar involving 50 grade XI students, and guided by Andi Setiadi Manalu, S.Kom., M.Ti as the main instructor of Arduino material which focuses on the introduction of microcontrollers, basic programming, sensor integration, and simple automation project design. The purpose of this activity is to improve students' technical competence in the field of embedded systems while fostering work readiness through real-world practice-based learning experiences. The implementation method uses an experiential learning and project-based learning approach, which combines brief conceptual explanations with direct practice, technical discussions, and problem-based project assignment completion. The evaluation results show an increase in students' understanding of microcontroller functions, programming logic structures, and the ability to connect hardware and software in one work system. In addition, students demonstrated increased motivation, confidence, and interest in industrial technology, as reflected in their active participation during the practicum and their successful independent completion of functional prototypes. Overall, this activity proved effective in strengthening the technical competencies of vocational high school students and supporting the implementation of the link and match policy between vocational education and the needs of the industrial world, while also emphasizing the strategic role of higher education institutions in supporting the improvement of human resource quality at the vocational high school level.

This study investigates the relationship between design patterns, modular architecture, and the maintainability of distributed real time systems developed using agile practices. Distributed real time systems are critical in various sectors, including telecommunications, healthcare, and automotive, where strict timing constraints and reliability are essential. Agile methodologies, known for their flexibility and iterative development, have been widely applied to software engineering, but their impact on long-term system maintainability, especially in complex real time environments, has been insufficiently explored. This research employs an empirical analysis, combining both quantitative and qualitative data from multiple real time system projects using agile methods. The analysis focuses on the application of design patterns, such as Singleton, Observer, and Factory, and evaluates the effectiveness of modular architectures in enhancing system scalability, flexibility, and long-term sustainability. The study also explores how agile practices contribute to system performance and maintainability, despite challenges related to frequent updates and coordination among distributed teams. Key findings show a positive correlation between the consistent use of design patterns and modularity, which significantly improves the maintainability and adaptability of distributed real time systems. This research also highlights the challenges faced by agile methods in maintaining architectural consistency and managing non-functional requirements, particularly in distributed environments. The results contribute valuable insights into adapting agile practices to meet the specific demands of distributed real time systems, offering recommendations for developers and project managers to incorporate modular architecture and design patterns to enhance long-term system sustainability. Further research is suggested to explore new design patterns and investigate the broader impact of agile methodologies on system quality beyond maintainability.

Cloud-native systems are essential for modern software development, offering enhanced scalability, flexibility, and resilience through cloud computing environments. However, ensuring the reliability and performance of these systems presents a challenge due to their dynamic and distributed nature. Traditional testing methods, such as unit and integration testing, while valuable for detecting individual component defects and interactions, are insufficient for predicting failure rates in complex, cloud-native applications. This study explores the effectiveness of various testing techniques and quality metrics in predicting failure rates within scalable cloud-native systems. A comparative experimental study was conducted using three primary testing techniques: unit testing, integration testing, and chaos testing. The results indicate that chaos testing, when combined with advanced quality metrics such as migration rate and mismigration rate, significantly outperforms traditional methods in predicting failure rates and evaluating system resilience. These findings suggest that chaos testing offers a more comprehensive evaluation, simulating real-world disruptions to test system behavior under stress, which is essential for cloud-native environments where high availability and fault tolerance are critical. The study also highlights the importance of integrating predictive quality metrics, which improve the accuracy of failure predictions and enhance system reliability. The study concludes that for cloud-native systems, a combination of advanced testing techniques and predictive metrics is essential for ensuring high availability, scalability, and reliability in dynamic environments. Future research should focus on refining predictive testing approaches, developing standardized frameworks, and empirically validating new testing methods to address the growing complexity of cloud-native systems.

The increasing demand for rapid software delivery has led to the widespread adoption of Continuous Integration (CI) and Continuous Deployment (CD) pipelines. These pipelines automate the processes of code integration, testing, and deployment, significantly improving the speed and reliability of software development. However, traditional CI or CD pipelines often overlook security testing, leading to vulnerabilities in the deployed software. To address this gap, this study proposes an integrated framework that embeds automated security testing within the CI or CD process. The framework incorporates security testing tools such as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST), and Vulnerability Assessment and Penetration Testing (VAPT) to ensure continuous security checks throughout the development lifecycle. The experimental results show that the proposed framework enhances early vulnerability detection, with detection rates increasing from 30% to 70%. Additionally, the framework reduces deployment failures from 50% to 20%, demonstrating its effectiveness in improving software dependability. While the integration of automated security testing adds a slight 5% increase in pipeline execution time, this minimal impact does not significantly affect the overall speed of the pipeline. The proposed approach successfully balances security and efficiency, ensuring that software is both secure and delivered at high speed. This research highlights the importance of integrating security into CI or CD pipelines and demonstrates that it is possible to achieve high security without sacrificing the speed of software development. The study also discusses the practical implications for software development teams and suggests areas for future research, including the integration of advanced AI-driven security testing tools and the expansion of the framework's applicability across different software projects.

Big data platforms face significant challenges related to cybersecurity and privacy due to the vast volume, variety, and velocity of data they manage. Traditional static security measures often fail to address the dynamic and complex nature of big data environments. This research proposes an adaptive cybersecurity framework that integrates dynamic access control and differential privacy mechanisms to enhance both the security and privacy of big data platforms. The dynamic access control mechanism continuously adjusts access permissions in real-time based on changing risk and trust levels, ensuring that sensitive data remains secure even as user roles and data flows evolve. The differential privacy mechanism adds noise to data, preserving individual privacy while allowing for meaningful data analysis. Through simulations and case studies, the framework was evaluated in various real-world environments, including healthcare, IoT, and finance, where it demonstrated scalability, efficiency, and robust security performance. The results showed that the proposed framework significantly reduced unauthorized access attempts and maintained data privacy, while still enabling effective data analysis. Although there were some challenges regarding performance overhead, particularly in resource-constrained environments, the framework remained effective in large-scale systems. The findings highlight the importance of adaptive security practices in big data environments and suggest that future research should focus on refining dynamic security mechanisms and applying differential privacy in diverse real-world scenarios. These advancements are essential for ensuring that big data platforms can handle evolving cyber threats without compromising data utility or privacy.

Corporate financial performance is an important factor in maintaining business sustainability amid increasingly intense competition. One of the commonly used indicators of financial performance is Return on Assets (ROA), which reflects a company’s ability to generate profits through the efficient use of its assets. Corporate profitability is influenced by various internal factors, including capital structure and liquidity. This study aims to analyze the effect of Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) and Current Ratio (CR) on Return on Assets (ROA). This research employs a quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from corporate financial statements. The research sample consists of 36 observations selected through purposive sampling. Data analysis techniques include descriptive statistical analysis and multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS software. The results show that, partially, the Debt to Equity Ratio does not have a significant effect on Return on Assets, while the Current Ratio has a positive and significant effect on Return on Assets. Simultaneously, Debt to Equity Ratio and Current Ratio have a significant effect on Return on Assets, with Current Ratio being the most dominant variable. The findings indicate that effective liquidity management plays a crucial role in improving corporate profitability. The implications of this study are expected to provide useful insights for corporate management in making financial decisions, particularly related to liquidity management and capital structure.