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This research aims to determine the influence of the role-playing method on the creativity of early childhood at Miftahul Jannah TPA. Creativity as an important aspect of development needs to be stimulated from an early age through activities that are fun and meaningful for children. This research uses a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design type one group pretest-posttest design, where researchers measure creativity before and after role-playing treatment. The research results show that the role playing method has a positive influence on the development of children's creativity. This can be seen from the increase in scores on several indicators of creativity, such as the ability to generate ideas, elaboration and concentration. The elaboration indicator received the highest score in the very good category, indicating that children were able to add details and enrich the storyline during role play. However, the indicators of flexibility and authenticity are still in the poor category and require further stimulation. Overall, an average creativity score of 54 was obtained, which shows that role playing is effective in stimulating children's creativity. These findings emphasize that role-playing methods need to be applied variedly and continuously in learning to optimize the creativity of early childhood.

Parenting plays a crucial role in shaping a child's personality and religious values ​​from an early age. This study aims to examine the concept of parenting from an Islamic perspective, particularly according to the views of Imam Al-Ghazali, a prominent Islamic scholar and thinker. The method used was a literature review with a descriptive analytical and historical approach. The results show that Islamic parenting, according to Al-Ghazali, is based on the principles of monotheism, faith, and noble morals derived from the Quran and Sunnah. Al-Ghazali viewed children as a trust from Allah, born in a state of fitrah (purity) and as potential beings who are the hope of the community. Educating children must be done from an early age because childhood is a golden period that is very decisive in character formation. The parenting methods recommended by Al-Ghazali include: (1) the habituation method to shape character through continuous practice; (2) the role model method, where parents serve as direct role models for children; (3) the storytelling method to instill moral values; (4) the advice method with a compassionate approach; and (5) reward and punishment methods applied wisely. Al Ghazali's parenting concept emphasizes the importance of parents' role in creating a conducive environment for children's spiritual, moral, and social development, which not only impacts worldly life but also the afterlife. This research contributes to the idea of ​​the urgency of implementing Islamic teachings in educating and raising children in the digital era, which is full of various challenges.

This study aims to analyze the influence of parenting styles on the cognitive development of early childhood children at KB AN-Nisa, South City District, Gorontalo City. The background of the study highlights that some children face difficulties in recognizing shapes, colors, and numbers, which are critical components of early cognitive development. A quantitative research approach was employed, utilizing observation and documentation techniques, involving a sample of 5 children out of a total of 35 students. The study explores how different parenting styles, including authoritarian, permissive, and democratic, impact the cognitive development of young children. The results demonstrate significant variations in cognitive abilities among children, influenced by the type of parenting they receive. Specifically, children raised in a responsive and supportive environment tend to show better cognitive development, particularly in areas such as shape and color recognition. These findings emphasize the crucial role of parenting style in providing cognitive stimulation for early childhood. They also highlight the importance of collaboration between parents and schools to optimize the cognitive development of young children, suggesting that a balanced, supportive approach to parenting can positively influence children’s learning outcomes. Therefore, this research contributes to understanding the connection between parenting and cognitive development in early childhood.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of a deep learning approach in developing conceptual understanding among early childhood learners at PAUD Al-Fathanah. A descriptive qualitative method was employed through observation, interviews, and documentation involving 15 children and one classroom teacher. The findings indicate that deep learning effectively supports children’s conceptual development by engaging them in meaningful exploration, purposeful play, and real-life learning experiences. Children were able not only to recall information but also to connect new ideas with everyday situations. Additionally, the learning environment promoted a sense of comfort and enjoyment, as children displayed higher levels of enthusiasm and active participation. The child-friendly atmosphere and well-designed play-based activities contributed to joyful and meaningful learning experiences. This study concludes that deep learning is a promising approach to strengthening conceptual understanding, enhancing learning comfort, and increasing children’s motivation to learn. These findings highlight the importance of designing child-centered, contextual, and reflective learning experiences in early childhood education.

This study aims to explore the impact of the Jumat Bersih (Clean Friday) activity on enhancing the interpersonal intelligence of early childhood learners, as well as the challenges encountered during its implementation. This research employed a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Observations were conducted directly and recorded on observation sheets, interviews were carried out using pre-prepared question guides, and documentation was obtained directly from the school. Data analysis utilized thematic analysis with a triangulation method. The results of the study indicate that the Jumat Bersih activity plays a significant role in facilitating the social learning process among young children. The activity supports the development of cooperation, effective communication, empathy, and conflict resolution skills. The positive impacts observed during the activity were also reflected in the children’s daily behaviors, both at school and at home. Therefore, such activities can serve as an effective learning model for strengthening interpersonal intelligence. The main challenges in implementing Jumat Bersih include differences in children’s social abilities, difficulties in guiding balanced interactions, and the need for consistent strategies from schools and teachers. However, these challenges can be addressed through appropriate approaches, active guidance, and collaboration between schools and parents

This study was motivated by the importance of dance in fostering aesthetic sensitivity, discipline, and cultural character in the younger generation. However, dance teaching practices in Indonesia are generally uniform and do not take into account the age and developmental stages of students, resulting in suboptimal learning outcomes. Several previous studies (Budiman et al., 2022; Da Ary & Markamah, 2024; Yuliyanti & Budiman, 2023) have shown the weaknesses of dance teaching methods that do not adapt to the characteristics of the participants, resulting in low mastery of techniques, motivation, and understanding of cultural values. Based on these issues, this study aims to examine the application of content, process, and product differentiation in dance learning at the Sobokartti Dance Studio in Semarang, which trains participants aged 4 to 25 years. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study show the application of teaching that is tailored to age characteristics, ranging from imitative movements in children to reflection on cultural values in adults. These findings prove that differentiated teaching methods are effective in improving the relevance and quality of traditional dance learning. The implication is that this model can be used as a reference for non-formal educational institutions in developing adaptive arts learning that is oriented towards the preservation of local culture.

This community service activity aimed to enhance the self-confidence of early childhood learners through the Janger Dance Movement, used as an art- and culture-based learning medium. The program was implemented at TK Prawidya Dharma in Demulih Village, Bangli, involving children aged 5–6 years and their teachers. A qualitative descriptive method was applied using the Participatory Action Learning System (PALS) approach, which emphasizes active engagement, reflection, and participatory learning. The results showed a significant improvement in the children's self-confidence, evidenced by their increased willingness to perform in public, improved social interaction, and more expressive emotional behavior. Teachers also benefited from enhanced pedagogical competence, particularly in integrating cultural and artistic elements into meaningful classroom practices. The Janger Dance Movement proved to be an effective pedagogical strategy for fostering self-confidence, independence, and social development in early childhood education. This approach not only helped children build self-esteem but also encouraged them to engage in creative expression, while allowing teachers to gain valuable experience in incorporating cultural arts into their teaching practices.

The development of digital technology has made social media an integral part of children's lives, including students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI). This study aims to explore the impact of social media on the language patterns of class 5C students at MI Hasyim Asy'ari. Using a qualitative method with a case study approach, data were obtained through semi-structured interviews and participant observations of 14 students who regularly access social media. The findings show that platforms such as TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube are the main sources of new vocabulary acquisition, such as the terms "kepo", "narsis", and "anjir". These words reflect changes in students' language styles that are increasingly informal and often deviate from standard Indonesian language rules. Although social media can contribute to enriching vocabulary and increasing children's interest in communicating, negative impacts such as the dominance of slang, misuse of meaning, and reduced concern for the correct use of Indonesian are also very real. Therefore, the role of educators and parents in supervising and directing the use of social media is very important. The language learning curriculum in schools needs to be adjusted to the development of the digital era without abandoning appropriate linguistic values. With the right strategy, social media can be used as a useful language learning tool without reducing the essence of Indonesian as a national identity.

This study aims to determine the influence of parenting styles on the social development of early childhood at the Al-Fajril Ulum Preschool and Kindergarten (PAUD TPA Al-Fajril Ulum). Observations were conducted to analyze how four types of parenting styles democratic, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful influence children's social skills in the context of interaction, communication, decision-making, and the ability to establish relationships with peers. The study used a quantitative method with an ex post facto design, involving a sample of 8 children. Data collection instruments included questionnaires and observation sheets for children's social development based on indicators for each parenting style. The results showed that democratic parenting had the most significant positive influence on children's social development, marked by an increase in children's ability to express opinions, cooperate, respect others, and demonstrate social independence. Conversely, authoritarian and neglectful parenting styles had negative influences due to low emotional warmth, lack of dialogue, and minimal stimulation received by children. Permissive parenting showed a positive influence but not as strong as democratic parenting due to weak parental boundaries and control. Overall, the research findings confirm that the quality of parenting styles plays a direct role in shaping the social behavior of early childhood.

This research is motivated by the importance of the relationship between parenting styles and the logical thinking skills of early childhood. The development of logical thinking is part of the cognitive aspect that plays a role in children's ability to solve problems, understand cause-and-effect relationships, and make decisions. This study aims to determine the most effective parenting style in improving children's logical thinking skills. The study used a quantitative approach with a correlational method and was conducted at the KB Mekar Indah Early Childhood Education Center (PAUD). Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and tests with 15 respondents. The results showed a significant relationship between parenting styles and the logical thinking skills of early childhood. Democratic parenting styles have the most positive influencThis research is motivated by the importance of the relationship between parenting styles and the logical thinking skills of early childhood. The development of logical thinking is part of the cognitive aspect that plays a role in children's ability to solve problems, understand cause-and-effect relationships, and make decisions. This study aims to determine the most effective parenting style in improving children's logical thinking skills. The study used a quantitative approach with a correlational method and was conducted at the KB Mekar Indah Early Childhood Education Center (PAUD). Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and tests with 15 respondents. The results showed a significant relationship between parenting styles and the logical thinking skills of early childhood. Democratic parenting styles have the most positive influence compared to permissive and authoritarian parenting styles, as shown by higher logical thinking scores in children. Thus, democratic parenting styles are recommended to be implemented to support children's cognitive development.e compared to permissive and authoritarian parenting styles, as shown by higher logical thinking scores in children. Thus, democratic parenting styles are recommended to be implemented to support children's cognitive development.

Christian Religious Education (PAK) plays a strategic role in instilling foundational faith and moral values in children from an early age. Through the VAK learning style ( Visual, Auditory, and Kinesthetic). In the context of modern education, PAK functions not only as a medium for delivering biblical teachings but also as a framework for character formation that aligns with children’s developmental needs. This study aims to analyze the role of PAK as a means of shaping faith and moral values, as well as to describe how PAK learning practices strengthen children’s spiritual growth through modeling, habituation, and learning interactions relevant to their daily lives. This qualitative research employs a descriptive approach, with data collected through literature studies, limited observations, and reflections on field experiences. The findings indicate that contextually designed PAK learning significantly influences children’s ways of thinking, behaving, and acting. The integration of school, family, and church further reinforces the impact of PAK as a spiritual foundation and moral guide in everyday life. This study emphasizes that PAK is not merely the transmission of religious content but a process of value internalization that directs children toward a life of faith, strong character, and responsibility.

The independent real college work (KKN) of Muhammadiyah Sumatra Utara was carried out at MTS Al-Washliyah, Hamparan Perak sub-district, Deli Serdang district. This KKN program aimed to improve literacy and highlight the importance of education for children’s abilities in both character development and student intelligence. The goal of education is to advance intellectual development while instilling moral values, ethics, integrity, and tolerance in students. The results of this study indicate that the role of parents is crucial in developing literacy in students. Parents are encouraged to help children develop a habit of reading books, thus providing a positive influence on their children's educational progress. Additionally, parents' active involvement allows children to have better opportunities to develop their literacy skills. By creating a supportive home environment and fostering positive reading habits, parents play a vital role in improving the overall literacy of students. This KKN program has shown that collaboration between parents and educational institutions can significantly enhance the literacy development of students.

Education is a fundamental human right that must be guaranteed for every child without discrimination. In Indonesia, particularly in the Ambon region, educational inequality remains a serious challenge influenced by geographical, socio-economic, and structural factors. Children from impoverished families and remote areas often lack access to adequate education due to limited facilities, low-quality teaching staff, and inadequate technological infrastructure. This situation not only hinders children’s potential development but also perpetuates cycles of poverty and social injustice. Data from the Ministry of Education and Culture (2021) indicates low basic education participation rates and high dropout rates in Maluku and Ambon. In response, the church in Ambon, as highlighted by Joseph Lourine Since (2023), plays a strategic role through the Marginalized Children’s Development School (Sekolah Pembinaan Anak Marginal - SPAM), an alternative education program integrating academic learning with Christian character and spiritual formation. This initiative embodies the preferential option for the poor principle in liberation theology, as developed by Gustavo Gutiérrez, positioning the church as an advocate for the marginalized in its social and moral mission. This abstract recommends strengthening the church’s role in education through multisectoral collaboration to create a more just and inclusive education system for marginalized children.

The independent real college work (KKN) of Muhammadiyah Sumatra Utara was carried out at MTS Al-Washliyah, Hamparan Perak sub-district, Deli Serdang district. This KKN program aimed to improve literacy and highlight the importance of education for children’s abilities in both character development and student intelligence. The goal of education is to advance intellectual development while instilling moral values, ethics, integrity, and tolerance in students. The results of this study indicate that the role of parents is crucial in developing literacy in students. Parents are encouraged to help children develop a habit of reading books, thus providing a positive influence on their children's educational progress. Additionally, parents' active involvement allows children to have better opportunities to develop their literacy skills. By creating a supportive home environment and fostering positive reading habits, parents play a vital role in improving the overall literacy of students. This KKN program has shown that collaboration between parents and educational institutions can significantly enhance the literacy development of students.

The high rate of stunting in 2025 in the Labaksiu sub-district prompted the government to involve the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) in stunting prevention efforts. This is based on the view that the process of forming a family is closely related to childbearing, so the KUA was revitalized to include stunting issues in marriage guidance materials. This study aims to examine the communication strategies used in the marriage guidance program to prevent stunting in the Labaksiu sub-district. The method used is qualitative descriptive, with data collected through in-depth interviews with six informants, consisting of three guidance facilitators, one health officer, and two program participants. The study's findings indicate that the communication strategy in the marriage guidance program for stunting prevention refers to Lasswell's theory, emphasizing the role of a competent communicator, namely a certified facilitator. The material presented covers topics on reproductive health and the development of outstanding generations, delivered in an educational and persuasive manner. The media used include modules and direct delivery by facilitators. The target of the program is prospective couples who have registered at the KUA. The impact of this program is an increase in the knowledge of prospective brides and grooms regarding the importance of preparing for a healthy family.

Syndrome is a serious problem in children's health because it has a major impact on growth and development, especially in terms of intelligence and daily activities. Down Syndrome, as one of the most well-known chromosomal disorders, is often the main cause of intellectual developmental disorders, hypotonia, facial dysmorphism, early onset of Alzheimer's disease, and various behavioral disorders. Diagnosing syndrome diseases in children is often difficult due to complex and varied symptoms, requiring lengthy, costly, and time-consuming medical evaluations. This study aims to design a Case-Based Reasoning (CBR)-based expert system for diagnosing syndromes in children, which is expected to help accelerate the disease identification process and provide more effective and efficient solutions. The method used is the development of an expert system with a CBR approach, in which the system performs calculations and matching based on the symptoms selected by the user against the available case base. The results of the study show that from symptom inputs such as wide hands with short fingers, short stature, small head, stunted growth, small lower jaw, abnormal body appearance, and weak joints, the system was able to diagnose Klinefelter syndrome with a percentage of 43.58%. This system can be an alternative for patients or families who have limited time and funds to obtain medical consultations, so that diagnosis and follow-up can be carried out more quickly and efficiently.

Child exploitation is a serious issue that threatens the fulfillment of children's fundamental rights and impacts their physical, psychological, and social development. This study aims to analyze the role of law in preventing child exploitation through an examination of regulations and criminal law enforcement in Indonesia. The method used is normative juridical research with a descriptive qualitative approach, supported by empirical data from interviews with law enforcement officers and child protection agencies. The results of the study indicate that although Indonesia has a comprehensive regulatory framework, such as Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection and Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, its implementation still faces various challenges. These obstacles include weak coordination among institutions, limited capacity of law enforcement officers, low public awareness, and the persistent social stigma against child victims. This study emphasizes the importance of strengthening the capacity of officers, applying a restorative approach, fostering synergy among institutions, and public education to build an effective, integrative, and sustainable child protection system.

Parenting style in adolescents with hedonism behavior: Nowadays developments continue to occur so that many changes in technology and learning appear, one of the behaviors that is happening nowadays is hedonism behavior. One that can influence hedonistic behavior is parenting style. Parenting is one of the things that influence how a child's behavior. Hedonism is one of the behaviors of a child that can be caused by how parents raise a child. The purpose of this literature review is to find out what parenting styles lead a child to have hedonistic behavior. The method used is a literature review. The articles used in conducting this literature range from 2017-2022 which were searched for by the online research database. There are several types of parenting styles applied by parents. This study also explains what is the relationship between parenting style and the hedonistic behavior of a child. The results of research that hedonism behavior in a child can be caused by permittive and authoritative parenting styles. If the permittive and authoritative parenting style is high, the possibility of a person's hedonistic behavior will also increase.

Stunting is one of the chronic nutritional problems that remains a serious challenge in Indonesia, particularly in rural areas. This condition not only affects children's physical growth but also their cognitive development and long-term productivity. The low level of public awareness regarding balanced nutrition and proper parenting practices is a major factor contributing to the high prevalence of stunting. Therefore, community empowerment through village forums as a platform for advocacy, education, and cross-sector collaboration is essential. This activity aims to enhance the capacity of village communities to understand, prevent, and address stunting through participatory approaches. The methods applied include training for posyandu cadres, group discussions, and the establishment of village stunting forums involving community leaders, health workers, and local government officials. The results indicate a significant improvement in public knowledge and awareness regarding stunting prevention. The village forum also serves as a coordination center for policy advocacy and the implementation of nutrition programs at the local level. Thus, community empowerment through village forums has proven to be an effective strategy to strengthen community participation and enhance synergy between government, health institutions, and local residents in reducing stunting prevalence at the village level.

The Community Service Program (KKN) is a form of student dedication to society aimed at supporting sustainable rural development. In Regapu’u Village, KKN students implemented a collaborative program focusing on two strategic issues: extreme poverty data collection and stunting prevention education. The data collection was carried out through door-to-door visits to obtain accurate information regarding the residents' social and economic conditions. The data was then used as a basis for village policy planning and social assistance distribution. Meanwhile, the stunting education was conducted through outreach activities targeting pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers, and families with toddlers, covering topics such as nutrition, parenting practices, and sanitation. The methods used included participatory  observation,  interviews,  educationaloutreach, and demonstrations of nutritious food preparation (mung bean porridge). The results of the program showed an increase in community awareness regarding child nutrition and health, as well as the availability of more accurate poverty data for the village government. This activity demonstrates that collaboration between students, the community, and local authorities can contribute significantly to addressing poverty and preventing stunting at the local level