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This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of social service management in handling neglected elderly in Medan City. The phenomenon of neglected elderly has become a complex social problem along with the increasing number of elderly population and changes in family structure in urban areas. Medan City as the third largest metropolitan city in Indonesia faces challenges in providing optimal social services for neglected elderly. This study uses a qualitative research method with a library research approach. Data collection was carried out through a literature review of various relevant library sources, including scientific journals, books, research reports, policy documents, and official publications of related agencies. Data analysis used content analysis techniques to identify patterns and themes related to the effectiveness of social service management for neglected elderly. The results of the study indicate that social service management in Medan City has not been fully effective in handling neglected elderly. In terms of planning, there are still limitations in mapping and recording neglected elderly data. In terms of organization, coordination between agencies is still weak. Program implementation faces constraints of budget and human resource limitations. The monitoring and evaluation system has not been running optimally. Supporting factors include local government commitment, availability of regulations, and community participation. While inhibiting factors include budget constraints, lack of professional staff, and minimal cross-sector coordination. This study recommends the need to strengthen the social service management system through increasing human resource capacity, optimizing the budget, and strengthening cross-sector coordination to improve the effectiveness of handling the elderly in Medan City.

This community service activity aims to optimize the understanding and skills of elementary school (SD) teachers in Tarik District in implementing innovative learning based on deep learning. The concept of deep learning in the context of education does not solely refer to the use of technology, but also includes a deep, reflective, and meaningful learning approach. Through this approach, teachers are expected to be able to create a learning environment that encourages students to think critically, creatively, and be able to collaborate effectively. This activity was attended by 34 elementary school teachers from eight schools in the Tarik District area. In addition to providing training related to deep learning concepts and strategies, such as project-based learning and problem-based learning, this activity also introduced the use of OLabs (Online Labs), which is a virtual laboratory platform that can be accessed for free and is specifically designed to support the implementation of online experimental learning. The use of OLabs provides an efficient and flexible alternative, especially for educational units that have limited laboratory facilities. Based on the results of the evaluation, there was a significant increase in teachers' understanding of innovative learning principles, as well as a commitment to implement the approach in an adaptive manner and in accordance with the context of each school. This activity is expected to be the starting point in efforts to strengthen the pedagogic capacity of teachers, in order to support the implementation of the Independent Curriculum and answer the challenges of 21st century education.

This study explores the pivotal role of leadership and strategic vision in fostering successful international collaboration in educational management. Amid the complexities of cross-cultural partnerships, leaders with a global mindset, inclusivity, and flexibility are essential in aligning diverse stakeholders and navigating regulatory and cultural challenges. Through a comprehensive literature review of recent research, the study highlights how visionary leadership drives sustainable collaboration by promoting innovation, continuous learning, effective communication, capacity building, and ethical practices. The findings underscore that strong leadership not only facilitates operational coordination but also ensures the long-term development and resilience of international educational partnerships. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of leadership dynamics necessary for enhancing global education management in an increasingly interconnected world.

<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>As the smallest unit of government in promoting local economic growth, the village plays a crucial role; therefore, the government encourages sustainable village development based on local advantages, community participation, and economic empowerment—one of which is the Desa Berdaya Program implemented in Mojokerto Regency. The Desa Berdaya Program promotes village self-reliance by developing human potential and strengthening the local economy. The program’s success depends on the synergy between government policies, individual/team performance, and active community involvement to achieve the goal of independent and sustainable village development. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Desa Berdaya Program in Mojokerto Regency by examining the alignment between the planned initiatives and actual conditions in the field, as well as identifying the challenges that influence the program’s effectiveness. This study utilizes a qualitative descriptive approach, gathering data through observations, interviews, and document analysis. The data were processed through stages of collection, reduction, organization, and interpretation to draw conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the performance of the Desa Berdaya Program in Mojokerto Regency can be considered successful, yet improvements are needed for 2025–2026. The program’s success is influenced by performance management factors (Armstrong), including individual, leadership, team, system, and situational/contextual elements. The inhibiting factor lies in the limited capacity and understanding of individuals regarding the Desa Berdaya Program. Meanwhile, the supporting factors include bureaucratic leadership and effective team performance, attributed to good communication among members.</em></p>

This study examined efforts to optimize the functions and roles of the Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD) of Pemalang Regency in overseeing policies related to the use of the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD). The optimization focused on strengthening the oversight mechanisms, enhancing the technical capacity of the DPRD, and improving inter-institutional coordination to support accountable budget governance. The study was motivated by the persistent weaknesses in legislative oversight, as evidenced by various findings of budget irregularities, including overpayments, misuse of grant funds, and unilateral budget decisions by the executive. A descriptive qualitative approach was used, with data collected through in-depth interviews with members of Commission C, the Budget Committee, and expert staff from the DPRD Secretariat, as well as through document analysis. The findings indicated that the implementation of DPRD’s oversight functions had followed formal mechanisms such as the evaluation of the accountability report (LKPJ) and the discussion of the General Budget Policy and Provisional Budget Ceiling (KUA-PPAS). However, the oversight had not been optimal due to limited access to information, insufficient technical capacity, and weak inter-agency synergy. The DPRD had formulated several optimization strategies, including internal capacity building, the use of digital information systems (SIPD), and strengthening coordination with the Audit Board (BPK) and the regional inspectorate. Therefore, optimizing the DPRD’s oversight function required systemic improvements encompassing institutional capacity, information transparency, and active public involvement in monitoring regional budgets.  

Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is a critical medical condition that requires comprehensive rehabilitation to restore cardiac function and quality of life. This study presents a case report of a 54-year-old female patient post-PCI following subendocardial myocardial infarction. The physiotherapy intervention was conducted during phase 2 of cardiac rehabilitation in four sessions, consisting of warm-up (cardiac exercise), main training (walking and treadmill), and cool-down (ergocycle). Evaluation included the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), Borg Scale, vital signs, and thoracic cage measurements. Results showed an increase in walking distance from 462 meters to 500 meters, improved METs, decreased Borg Scale score, and greater thoracic expansion. These findings suggest that phase 2 physiotherapy intervention effectively enhances functional capacity and physical activity tolerance in post-AMI patients.

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains a major public health concern in Pidie Regency, Indonesia. Although digital surveillance systems such as SKDR have been introduced, the effectiveness of dengue control still largely depends on the role and capacity of surveillance officers. This study aimed to explore the experiences of dengue surveillance personnel in Pidie Regency, focusing on their knowledge, reporting mechanisms, encountered challenges, and expectations regarding the surveillance system. A qualitative method with a phenomenological design was employed, involving 11 purposively selected informants. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman framework, encompassing data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The analysis revealed six main themes: officers' knowledge and understanding of dengue, sources of data and case collection methods, the use of digital applications for reporting and analysis, implementation challenges in the field, cross-sectoral roles and support from village governments, and officers' expectations for improvement. The findings highlight that limited resources, technical issues, and insufficient intersectoral collaboration hinder effective surveillance. Strengthening the surveillance system requires responsive strategies that consider on-the-ground challenges. A deeper understanding of surveillance officers’ field experiences is crucial for developing adaptive and sustainable public health interventions for dengue control.

Green architecture is one way to create a house or building that is environmentally friendly. One element that can be applied to realize green architecture is by making efficient use of recycled materials and development efforts by paying attention to good environmental carrying capacity, namely the use of used materials can be one solution to overcome sustainability problems. One reaction to the environmental crisis is the emergence of the concept of green architecture or green architecture which leads to sustainable design and awareness of energy and ecology in managing an environment. This study examines the application of green architecture in the residence of architect Ridwan Kamil known as the Bottle House. The Bottle House is a house that is designed to have a balanced reciprocal relationship with its environment. The use of used bottles is one design idea that helps reduce waste in Indonesia and can also be an alternative material that is not only functional but also aesthetic. Creatively, the bottle house shows how art and design can influence people's mindsets.

The digitalization of healthcare services has emerged as a pivotal catalyst in modernizing Indonesia’s health system, delivering enhanced efficiency, accessibility, and integrated service quality. This study employs a qualitative literature review approach to explore the implementation of digital transformation strategies in hospitals, with a particular emphasis on ethical challenges and patient data security. The findings reveal that the adoption of technologies such as artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, and telemedicine accelerates service delivery and broadens medical outreach, especially in remote areas. Nevertheless, critical issues arise concerning the vulnerability of health data to breaches, misuse, and cyber threats, exacerbated by uneven digital infrastructure and limited technological literacy among healthcare professionals. Proposed strategies include strengthening data protection regulations, improving human resource capacity, and fostering cross-sectoral collaboration to establish a secure and ethical digital healthcare ecosystem. Through comprehensive management of these challenges, healthcare digitalization is expected to expedite the achievement of SDG 3 and bolster public trust in the national health system.

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the main tasks and functions of financial management in the General and Finance Section of the Tanjungpinang City DPRD Secretariat, with a focus on identifying obstacles and formulating strategic solutions to improve the efficiency of financial management. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews, and analysis was carried out based on Edward III's policy implementation theory which emphasizes four key variables: communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the main tasks and functions is running quite well, supported by effective internal communication, the availability of human resources, budget, and infrastructure, as well as a bureaucratic structure that still faces challenges, such as minimal technical training and vacancies in functional positions that have an impact on bureaucratic effectiveness. Capacity building and structural arrangements are needed so that financial management can run more optimally, accountably, and in accordance with the principles of good governance.

This study investigates the influence of village government human resource (HR) competence and information technology (IT) utilization on the accountability of village fund management, with empirical evidence drawn from villages in Pringsewu Regency, Indonesia. The research addresses critical concerns about the underperformance and misuse of village funds, often linked to weak HR capabilities and limited IT adoption. The primary objective is to examine how HR competence and IT usage affect financial accountability in village fund management. Utilizing a quantitative approach, this study surveyed 91 village officials across 13 villages using a structured questionnaire, applying multiple linear regression analysis for hypothesis testing. Findings reveal that both HR competence and IT utilization significantly and positively influence accountability, suggesting that skilled personnel and effective use of digital systems enhance transparency and financial governance. The results support the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and stewardship theory, emphasizing the importance of reliable personnel and technological systems in public financial management. The study concludes that strengthening human resource capacity and advancing IT infrastructure are critical steps in ensuring accountable village fund management, especially in rapidly developing regions such as Pringsewu Regency.

This study analyzes the effectiveness of the Republic of Indonesia's Audit Board (BPK) in supervising regional financial management. The aim is to assess the extent to which BPK's supervision has encouraged the creation of good governance in regional financial management while identifying obstacles that hinder its effectiveness. Using qualitative methods and secondary data from existing documents and reports, the results of the study indicate that although BPK has attempted to improve accountability and transparency, there are still a number of significant challenges, including low compliance with recommendations and the influence of external factors. This study concludes with recommendations to strengthen BPK's capacity and improve coordination with related institutions to encourage better regional financial management.

A professional leader of an educational institution is someone who is able to provide direction, set goals to be achieved, provide solutions to every problem, make various decisions, planning and strategies. He is a great person in implementing concepts. He actively communicates, coordinates, supervises and conducts evaluations. The most important thing is that he motivates teachers and education personnel to become professional teachers and education personnel. He builds morale and a spirit of togetherness in the madrasah educational institution, teaches, trains, and gives advice. All of these hopes will be realized if a leader has the integrity to lead the madrasah educational institution to become an excellent and quality institution. Leader, which means "to lead" or "leader," is the root of the word "leadership," which indicates the act of taking control. "Leadership as the ability to influence a group towards achieving goals" is what Stephen P. Robbins said when asked about leadership. One definition of leadership is the capacity to inspire others to work together to achieve common goals. The development of school culture in order to achieve commitment in achieving the expected standards needs to be continuously carried out in a culture of quality. Therefore, the principal's leadership plays a key role in realizing a culture of quality in educational units.  

A professional leader of an educational institution is someone who is able to provide direction, set goals to be achieved, provide solutions to every problem, make various decisions, planning and strategies. He is a great person in implementing concepts. He actively communicates, coordinates, supervises and conducts evaluations. The most important thing is that he motivates teachers and education personnel to become professional teachers and education personnel. He builds morale and a spirit of togetherness in the madrasah educational institution, teaches, trains, and gives advice. All of these hopes will be realized if a leader has the integrity to lead the madrasah educational institution to become an excellent and quality institution. Leader, which means "to lead" or "leader," is the root of the word "leadership," which indicates the act of taking control. "Leadership as the ability to influence a group towards achieving goals" is what Stephen P. Robbins said when asked about leadership. One definition of leadership is the capacity to inspire others to work together to achieve common goals. The development of school culture in order to achieve commitment in achieving the expected standards needs to be continuously carried out in a culture of quality. Therefore, the principal's leadership plays a key role in realizing a culture of quality in educational units.  

This study aims to analyze the policy of digitizing public services at the sub-district level in the perspective of state administrative law. Digital transformation in the public bureaucracy in the modern era is an important step in creating effective, efficient, and accountable services. However, the implementation of digitalization is often not accompanied by an adequate legal framework, resulting in the potential for administrative irregularities and violations of the principles of good governance. Using a normative research approach, this study examines the compatibility of digitization policies with the principles of state administrative law, such as the principles of legality, legal certainty, proportionality, professionalism, openness, and accountability. The results of this study show that the digitization of public services at the sub-district level requires strengthening technical regulations, increasing the capacity of the apparatus, and integrating digital service systems and standards based on legal principles. This research not only focuses on technological innovation, but is also supported by a strong legal foundation to ensure the protection of public rights and the legitimacy of public services.

This article examines the strategic role of Vocational High Schools (SMK) in preparing a skilled workforce amid global dynamics and rapid technological developments. The focus of the discussion lies in the implementation of the Independent Curriculum which provides flexibility for educational units to develop learning that is contextual, adaptive, and relevant to the needs of the world of work. Through strengthening the project-based learning approach, teaching factory, and collaboration with industry, the Merdeka Curriculum encourages harmony between learning in vocational schools and competencies needed by the business world and the industrial world (DUDI). This article analyzes curriculum documents, learning outcomes, and Graduate Competency Standards (SKL), and identifies a number of challenges in implementation, such as inequality of facilities, limited involvement of DUDI, uneven teacher capacity, and regulatory complexity. By referring to regulations such as Permendikbudristek No. 12 of 2024 and Presidential Instruction No. 9 of 2016, the author proposes systematic steps such as competency mapping, preparation of Learning Objectives Flow (ATP), and evidence-based evaluation. The transformation of vocational education through collaboration between stakeholders is expected to create an educational ecosystem that is responsive to industrial and technological changes. This article concludes that vocational schools must be able to become institutions that not only produce job-ready graduates, but also innovative and creative in creating new job opportunities.

Waqf holds a crucial position in promoting social welfare and fostering the growth of a Sharia-based economy. In Indonesia, the success of waqf initiatives largely relies on sound governance and the operational effectiveness of waqf institutions. This study explores the roles of the Indonesian Waqf Board (BWI) as the regulatory authority and nazhir as the managers of waqf assets, while also highlighting key challenges such as technological limitations, lack of transparency, and weak supervision mechanisms. To overcome these obstacles, strategies including nazhir capacity building, digitalization of waqf management, and the application of the Waqf Core Principles Implementation Index (IIWCP) have been introduced. The findings suggest that adopting professional and innovative governance practices significantly enhances transparency, accountability, and the overall impact of waqf on social welfare and sustainable economic development.

This research explores the significance of waqf (Islamic endowment) management in achieving sustainable development, emphasizing the legal and managerial obstacles that impede its optimal performance. Although waqf has historically played a vital role in areas such as education, healthcare, and poverty reduction, modern administration is challenged by disjointed legal systems, outdated policies, and inadequate governance structures. These issues contribute to inefficiency, a lack of transparency, and declining confidence among donors. Applying a qualitative library research method, the study systematically examines scholarly sources, legal texts, and institutional records to assess how legal reform and strategic governance can enhance waqf operations. The analysis highlights the importance of aligning Islamic legal principles with contemporary management approaches—such as performance planning, financial innovation, and clear accountability measures—to improve both impact and efficiency. Moreover, the study stresses the urgent need for legal restructuring and human capital development within waqf institutions to ensure long-term viability and professionalism. By overcoming legal and organizational shortcomings, waqf can be transformed into a dynamic and sustainable financial instrument that supports the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This research offers valuable academic and policy insights into creating effective, transparent, and Shariah-compliant waqf frameworks suited to modern socio-economic challenges.

This study examines the capacity of regional bureaucracies to implement inclusive economic development policies within the decentralised governance framework. As developing nations increasingly prioritize inclusive growth, the effectiveness of local government institutions becomes crucial for policy success. This research evaluates the bureaucratic capacity of regional governments through multiple dimensions including human resources, institutional frameworks, financial capabilities, and coordination mechanisms. Using a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative assessments and qualitative case studies from selected regional governments, this study identifies key factors that enhance or constrain bureaucratic capacity in promoting inclusive economic development. The findings reveal significant variations in capacity across regions, with institutional quality, leadership commitment, and inter-agency coordination emerging as critical determinants of implementation effectiveness. The study provides recommendations for strengthening regional bureaucratic capacity to better serve inclusive development objectives.

This article discusses the development strategy of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDesa) through the optimization of village land in Turi Village, Turi District, Lamongan Regency, as an effort to sustainably increase village income. The potential of village land, including agricultural, fishery, and marginal lands that have not been utilized optimally, serves as the main focus for economic development initiatives. A qualitative approach with case study methodology is employed to explore in-depth the strategies, challenges, and opportunities faced by Turi BUMDesa in managing these assets. The study emphasizes the importance of professional, innovative, and participatory asset management supported by collaboration among stakeholders such as local government, community members, BUMDesa managers, and the private sector. Through identifying unique land potential, market analysis, and developing innovative business models such as agro-tourism, integrated agriculture, and renewable energy, BUMDesa is expected to create productive and sustainable economic activities. The main challenges include low land utilization, limited institutional capacity, and minimal innovation in business management. Therefore, capacity building, innovative business development, and strengthening cooperation are key to the success of this strategy. The development of BUMDesa based on land optimization in Turi Village is expected to enhance local income, strengthen community economic independence, and open new employment opportunities for villagers. Overall, this article emphasizes that proper and innovative asset management is crucial for achieving sustainable village development and improving community welfare evenly.