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. Avocado seeds are one of the plants used as a medicine for diabetes mellitus with the Latin name (Persea americana Mill.). Avocado seeds contain compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and triterpenoids which are beneficial for health. This study aims to determine the effect of avocado seed extract (Persea americana Mill.) on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in diabetic wounds using the disc diffusion method. The extraction process is by maceration using 96% ethanol. The treatment was repeated 4 times with extract concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, as a positive control Ciprofloxacin and DMSO (Dimetyl Sulfoxide) as a negative control. The results of phytochemical screening show that avocado seeds contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and triterpenoids. Based on the results of research conducted, avocado seed extract can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria as an inhibition zone is formed. The most effective concentration in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria is at 100% concentration of 10.14 mm.

The aim of this research is to enhance students' English speaking skills through interview simulation techniques with job application material, making them more active. This research uses experimental techniques that combined with quantitative research techniques through direct speaking tests. The research questions considered in this study are: What are interview simulation techniques effective in enhancing students' English speaking skills? How can interview simulation techniques enhance students' English speaking skills? The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of interview simulation techniques in improving students' English language skills. To assess student results regarding the use of interview simulation techniques in teaching speaking to enhance abilities. This research method consists of pre-test, treatment, post-test. The analytical methods used for data processing are included in Social Science Statistics 22.0 for Windows. The result was that before applying the interview simulation technique, only 50% of students were able to speak English. After applying the interview simulation technique, it increased students' ability to speak English by 80%. Analysis of student test results shows that the interview simulation technique is effective in enhancing students' English speaking skills. Applying simulation techniques in learning English, especially speaking, is the right strategy to enhance students' skills.    

This paper aims to show the Simple project-based learning in Teaching speaking, success. English and student attention using techniques during the learning process. quantitative data Experimentally conducted and collected using pre-study, treatment, and post-study techniques Offer multiple-choice tests before and after applying the technique. Although the data are qualitative, Utilize surveys by distributing surveys to students and teacher also conducting multiple related interviews to simple project-based learning. Only test results before applying the technique 65% of the students are proficient in speaking English, but after demonstrating The technique, it improved the student's English speaking ability to 89%. On the other hand, student analysis Studies have also shown the Simple project-based learning in Teaching Speaking techniques are effective to Improve the students' English skills. Application of Simple project-based learning Techniques in Learning For this reason, improving your English, especially your speaking skills, is the right strategy to improve your students' skills. Techniques can turn abstract concepts into reality in the classroom.  

Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is an increase in blood pressure, namely a condition where the systolic blood pressure is greater than or equal to 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure is greater than or equal to 90 mmHg. Lavender aromatherapy is a non-pharmacological therapy that can calm a person. Lavender aromatherapy can increase nitric oxide which is a natural vasodilator, can dilate blood vessels and improve blood circulation so that blood flow becomes smooth and blood pressure decreases. To find out nursing care for hypertensive patients by providing lavender aromatherapy in Sukarami. This case study uses a nursing care process approach carried out on 3 respondents using a case study design. Based on the results of the implementation that has been carried out, there is a change in blood pressure results before and after being given lavender aromatherapy, namely respondent 1's blood pressure was 160/100 mmHg to 146/83 mmHg after being given lavender aromatherapy, respondent 2's blood pressure was 160/90 mmHg to 143/81 mmHg after being given lavender aromatherapy, and respondent 3's blood pressure was 140/90 mmHg to 124/86 mmHg after being given lavender aromatherapy. Of the three respondents, blood pressure decreased after being given lavender aromatherapy for 3 days, the average decrease in systolic blood pressure was 16 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure was 30 mmHg. It is hoped that patients with hypertension can add the application of lavender aromatherapy to non-pharmacological interventions and remain compliant with hypertension treatment and control in health services.

Preschool children have weak immunity, which causes children to get sick easily and receive hospital treatment which causes anxiety due to hospitalization. Anxiety results in fear of new environments, frequent crying, being spoiled, aggressive, depression and even causing trauma. Playing at preschool age is an important activity, playing by matching pictures can influence a person's feelings by stimulating the nervous system in the brain to regulate emotions. This research uses a descriptive case study. The research subjects were three people, the data collection instrument was carried out using the FIS (Faces Image Scale) scale observation sheet. After being given play therapy, the results were obtained on the first day at F before being given the intervention, the anxiety scale was 4, after being given the intervention, the anxiety scale was 4, A anxiety before 5 and after 4, S anxiety before 4 and after 4. On the second day, F anxiety before 4 and after 3, A anxiety before 4 and after 3, S anxiety before 4 and after 3. The third day F anxiety before 3 and after 2, A anxiety before 3 and after 2, S anxiety before 3 and after 2. After intervention for 3 consecutive days, it can be concluded that providing picture-matching play therapy to preschool children can reduce hospitalization anxiety. Parents should continue to meet children's play needs by inviting children to play and facilitating games according to what the child likes, and nurses are expected to focus on modifying children's play.

Background: Decreased kidney function which causes metabolic waste and fluids in the body to accumulate can disrupt the body's homeostatic balance and this is known as chronic kidney failure. One of the treatments that can be done is hemodialysis/dialysis. One of the side effects of hemodialysis is fatigue, this is because the kidneys cannot carry out their function of producing the hormone erythropoietin so the number of red blood cells is low. The physical exercises that can be done to overcome fatigue are range of motion exercises: Range of Motion (ROM). Objective: To analyze nursing care for CKD on HD patients by implementing Range of Motion (ROM) physical exercise interventions on fatigue levels. Method: The application of EBP is a case study using a pre-experimental method and a One group pretest-posttest design approach with a sample of 3 respondents, the instrument uses a questionnaire sheet. Range of Motion (ROM) intervention was carried out during the first 2 hours of intradialysis for 20 minutes. Results: After applying it for 3 times, there was a decrease in the level of fatigue in the three respondents can be concluded that there is a change in the level of fatigue before and after the Range of Motion (ROM) intervention. Suggestion: The results can provide motivation and a source of information for patients undergoing Hemodialysis who can apply Range of Motion (ROM) independently as an effort to reduce fatigue levels.

Smoking has very negative health consequences. The dangers of smoking must be recognized from school age. The snakes and ladders game is an interesting type of educational media that can be used to increase students' knowledge about the dangers of smoking. The aim of this research is to find out how the use of the snakes and ladders game impacts junior high school students' knowledge about the dangers of smoking.This research is considered quasi-experimental with a non-randomized control group pretest and posttest approach. The number of respondents in this study was 90 students, where respondents were divided into 2 groups, namely the treatment group who were given health education using comic-based Photonovella media and the comparison group using conventional methods (posters). Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Test and Mann Whitney U Test. The results of the Wilcoxon test showed a significant increase in the post test scores for the knowledge and behavior variables in both the treatment and comparison groups, but there was no significant increase in the post test scores for the attitude variables. Then the results of the Mann Whitney U Test (sig.2-tailed) on knowledge (0.007 < 0.05), attitudes (0.217 > 0.05), and behavior (0.024 < 0.05). This indicates that there is a significant difference between the scores of the treatment group and the comparison group on the knowledge and behavior variables, but there is no significant difference on the attitude variable.Comic-based photonovella can be used in the learning process because they are very effective in increasing children's knowledge, attitudes and behavior about the dangers of smoking. Therefore, this can be used as an alternative learning media to increase students' knowledge of health by increasing their knowledge about health.

Steamed bread with the substitution of mocaf flour and the addition of butterfly pea flower puree is a steamed bread made from wheat flour and substituted with mocaf flour and added with butterfly pea flower puree. This research aims to determine the effect of mocaf flour substitution and the addition of butterfly pea flower puree on the organoleptic quality of steamed bread which includes shape, color, smell, taste and texture. This type of research is a type of experimental research. The experiment was carried out with six types of treatments consisting of 20%, 30% and 40% mocaf flour substitution and the addition of 30% and 40% butterfly pea flower puree. The data collection technique uses instruments in the form of organoleptic tests including shape, color, aroma, taste and texture of steamed bread with six different treatments. The data analysis used was two-way analysis of variance and Duncan's advanced test. The results of the research show 1) the substitution of mocaf flour has an effect on the criteria for shape, color and texture. 2) the addition of butterfly pea flower puree affects the criteria for shape, color, taste and texture. 3) the interaction between the substitution of mocaf flour and the addition of butterfly pea flower puree affects the shape and texture criteria.

The availability of sea sand on the beach of Ujung Tape Pinrang is in very large quantities that can be used as materials in making concrete. The purpose of the study is to analyze the characteristics of beach sand, compressive strength and tensile strength produced. An experimental research method in the Civil Engineering Laboratory, University of Muhammadiyah Parepare with a treatment system for ordinary water immersion and analysis of the characteristics of concrete mechanical properties using a compression machine test. The results of the study at the maintenance age of 28 days with a planned compressive strength of 20 MPa produced a compressive strength of 28.29 MPa and a tensile strength of 7.78 MPa, a planned compressive strength of 24 MPa resulted in a compressive strength of 29.98 MPa and a tensile strength of 8.22 MPa, and a planned compressive strength of 28 MPa produces a compressive strength of 31.40 MPa and a tensile strength of 8.44 MPa. The results of the study on compressive strength and tensile strength showed an increase in each increase in planned compressive strength.

This paper discusses democracy in Islamic education, this paper aims to understand in depth the nature of educational democracy, namely educational democracy is a view that prioritizes obligations and rights, feelings and treatment by educational staff towards students in the educational process which includes 3 things, namely: respect for the dignity of fellow human beings, every human being has a change towards a healthy mind, and is related to common interests and welfare. Islamic educational democracy is the principle of implementing Islamic democracy in Islamic education. The democratic form of Islamic education is as follows: freedom for educators and students. Freedom here includes: (1) freedom to work; (2) freedom to develop potential; (3) freedom of opinion, equality for students in Islamic education, and respect for individual dignity in Islamic education. Next, to find out the democratic implementation of Islamic education through Integralistic education, Humanistic education, Pragmatic education, education that is abolished in Culture. The problem of democracy in Islamic education. The fundamental problem of Islamic education is the lack of clarity in the Islamic education paradigm. The ideological paradigm and the scientific paradigm are mixed in such a complex way that the scientific ideological paradigm develops. As a result, the tradition of creative, dynamic and open scientific thinking in the Islamic tradition, as well as the essence of revelation, is really difficult to develop. Democratic solutions in Islamic education: Changes that need to be made in Islamic education, namely emphasizing that Islamic educational institutions must design alternative, more democratic educational models that are in line with current development needs. The research method used is a basic theory method that uses data from materials that are library research, where the author reads and studies books or literature related to the problem being studied.      

Longevity spinach leaf (Gynura procumbens (Lour) Merr.) is a traditional plant that contains various secondary metabolite compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins, where flavonoids have various properties, including in the treatment of degenerative diseases such as diabetes mellitus. The purpose, of the research was to determine the effectiveness of the ethanol extract of Longevity spinach (Gynura procumbens (Lour) Merr.) leaf on reducing blood sugar levels in male white rats (rattus norvegicus) induced by alloxan. In this study, 5 test groups were used, namely negative control group, positive control group (metformin 9 mg), first dose 7.2 mg, second dose 14.4 mg, and third dose 21.6 mg. The rats were acclimatized and fasted before being given treatment, then their blood sugar was checked, before and after being induced by alloxan, then they were given treatment for 5 consecutive days and their blood sugar levels were checked once a day. The results of research from testing the ethanol extract of Longevity spinach leaf on male white rats proved effective in reducing blood sugar levels with the best dose, namely the 3rd dose (21.6 mg) on ​​the 6th day. 

Hallucinations are disorders of human perception that assume something exists that actually does not occur. Auditory hallucinations that are not treated properly can have a negative impact on oneself, others and the environment. One treatment to control hallucinations is classical music therapy which can reduce the symptoms of hallucinations. The aim of this research is to determine the possibility of applying classical music therapy to reduce signs and symptoms of auditory hallucinations using the single group pretest and posttest method of applying music therapy to reduce signs and symptoms of auditory hallucinations. The results of the application of EBP classical music therapy which was carried out for 3 days for 10-15 minutes on respondent I (Mr.A), the signs of hallucinations before music therapy were 12 (100%) after classical music therapy the symptoms decreased. hallucinations 3 (25%), Respondent II (Mr. K) had 12 (100%) signs of symptoms down to 4 (33%), Respondent III (Mrs. %). Based on the application of classical music therapy, it was found that signs of auditory hallucinations decreased in three respondents.

Background: Telemedicine is a long-distance health service carried out by health professionals using information and communication technology, and this is also expected to include the exchange of information for diagnosis, treatment, prevention of injury and research as well as evaluation of education. Research objective: is to determine the analysis of the level of community satisfaction with the implementation of the Telemedicine technology health service application (Mobile JKN) in Sanggrahan Village. The specific objective of this research is to find out: To determine the percentage of community satisfaction and dissatisfaction with the implementation of the telemedicine technology health service application ( Mobile JKN) in Sanggrahan Village. To find out the percentage of good or bad implementation of the Telemedicine technology health service application (Mobile JKN) in Sanggrahan Village. Method: This research is quantitative research with a survey approach. This research aims to collect numerical data to measure an analysis of the level of community satisfaction with the implementation of the Telemedicine technology health service application (Mobile JKN) in Sanggrahan Village. Results: Based on data analysis and discussion, the results of the research can be stated. It can be seen from the values ​​presented, the researcher found that good service quality will provide satisfaction for users. Conclusion: An overview of the level of community satisfaction in Sanggrahan Village is high for 50 respondents (100% ).The description of the implementation of the Mobile JKN application in Sanggrahan Village is mostly high with 40 respondents (80%). There is a relationship between community satisfaction with the implementation of the telemedicine technology health service application (Mobile JKN) in Sanggrahan Village, with a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05 ).

teacher plays an important role in providing education, facilities, and learning conditions that are as optimal as possible. A good teacher is one who gives students enthusiasm for learning without any pressure. All humans have the right to get a decent education, including children with autism. Children with autism also have the right to receive educational services so that they gain knowledge and skills and can develop their potential. The aim of this research is to find out the role of teachers in overcoming the difficulties of children with autism at the SLB Keleyan Bangkalan. This is qualitative research with a descriptive method that uses data collection techniques through interviews and documentation. The subject of the research involves a teacher who teaches children with autism. The problems of autistic children that occur at SLB Keleyan cover three aspects, namely communication, behavior, and social interaction. So, that problems cause children with autism to become less focused on learning. However, at the SLB Keleyan Bangkalan, apart from focusing on learning, it also emphasizes that children are able to play and interact socially with the environment around them. Therefore, there are several treatments that teachers provide to overcome these learning difficulties without any reference or formula.

Background: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a pathological condition caused by reflux of contents from the stomach entering the esophagus, with various signs and symptoms involving the esophagus, pharynx, larynx and airway. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) has typical symptoms of heartburn and regurgitation. So that the symptoms that appear will interfere with all activities carried out by someone. Objective: This study is to determine the profile picture of drug use in outpatient Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) patients at Aura Syifa Hospital Kediri and to determine the study of drug use in outpatient Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) patients at Aura Syifa Hospital Kediri by analyzing the right indications and right doses. Method: This study is a descriptive observational study with retrospective data collection from patient medical record data. Results: The results of a study on the useof drugs in outpatient gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients at Aura Syifa Hospital Kediri for the period January-November 2022 by analyzing the right indications and correct doses, which were obtained as many as 175 patients. The most GERD patients were women as many as 114 patients and men as many as 61 patients. The most common age for GERD is 56-65 years old and >65 years old. The most widely used drug class is the Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) class with a percentage of 38% and the drug in this class that is often used is lansoprazole with 167 prescriptions. The results of a study on drug use in outpatient gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients at Aura Syifa Hospital Kediri for the period January- November 2022 that meet the rationality of treatment based on the literature of the Indonesian GERD Consensus in 2013 or BNF 2017 or Pharmacotherapy A Pathophysiologic Approach 11th edition in 2020 or Medscape, where the indication is 100% (175 patients) and the right dose is 100% (175 patients).

Background: Petai seed extract (Parkia speciosa Hassk.) contains flavonoids and polyphenols. These compounds have good antioxidant activity to lower oxidative stress. The product of oxidative stress is called MDA (Malondialdehyde) which can be used as an indicator of oxidative stress. The study aimed to determine the effect of petai seeds on MDA serum levels in rats (Rattus novergicus) on a high-fat diet. Objective: To determine the effect of the administration of        Methods: This research was a true experimental study with post test only control group design. A total of 25 rats were divided into five groups : negative control (K-), positive control (K+), treatment 1 (P1), treatment 2 (P2), and treatment 3 (P3). The K+, P1, P2, and P3 groups were given a high-fat diet for 30 days and continued to administer extract of petai seeds doses of 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, and 400 mg/kgBW consecutively for P1, P2, P3 for 10 days. The levels of MDA serum were measured by the P. P. Nair method. Data were analyzed using the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test and Post-Hoc Mann-Whitney test.Results: The results of this study indicate the effect of the administration of petai seeds (Parkia speciosa Hassk.) on the MDA serum levels. Conclusion: The study concludes that extract of petai seeds with 100 mg/kgBW has no effect on MDA serum levels, while in rats with a dose of 200 mg/kgBW and 400 mg/kgBW can decrease MDA serum levels.

This research uses a quantitative descriptive research design. The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge of Class V students at SDN Gembong 5 regarding injuries experienced while carrying out physical activities. This research will be carried out at SDN Gembong 5 which is located in Pati Regency, Central Java, in Gembong Village, Gembong District. The date of this research is May 16 2024. The research population is 48 class V students at SDN Gembong 5. In this research, total sampling was used for sampling. The level of knowledge of fifth grade students at SDN Gembong 5 regarding injuries experienced while carrying out physical activities is the dependent variable for the research. The multiple choice written test is the research instrument used in this research. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that the knowledge of Class V students at SDN Gembong 5 regarding injuries experienced when carrying out physical activities which are divided into three categories, namely sports injuries, injury prevention and injury treatment, have very high knowledge of the three categories tested.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a type of metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia which leads to serious complications. One physical activity that can be applied is progressive muscle relaxation, which focuses on sequentially tightening and relaxing muscle groups resulting in controlled blood glucose levels so that holistic treatment is needed. Objective: To determine the results of the application of Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) to reduce blood glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Method: This research is a type of qualitative descriptive research with a case study approach (Case Study). The design for this application was a control group design which was applied to 1 respondent with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Results: Based on the results of this application, it was found that blood glucose levels decreased after Progressive Muscle Relaxation was carried out, which was indicated by the number of high glucose levels decreasing. Comparison before and after applying Progressive Muscle Relaxation, before being given the application of PMR high blood sugar levels were 415 mg/dl and after being given the application of PMR 2 times a day (morning and evening) for 3 consecutive days normal blood sugar levels were 173 mg/dl etc. Conclusion: Blood sugar levels before the application were given were high and after the application was given the patient's blood sugar levels were normal.

Children are the future leaders of a nation's development, thus they have the right to special treatment in the form of protection and child rights. Accelerating the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Child-Friendly City (CFC) policy was initiated in 2006. In its implementation, CFC is divided into 5 clusters of children's rights that must be fulfilled, one of which is civil rights and freedoms. Surabaya City is recognized as a Child-Friendly City and has maintained this status for the past six years. Given this achievement, it is interesting to analyze the implementation of the CFC in Surabaya concerning the cluster of Civil Rights and Freedoms. This study employs a descriptive qualitative research method, gathering both primary and secondary data, which are comprehensively analyzed through data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The research findings reveal strong commitment demonstrated by Surabaya City in its Child-Friendly City policy to fulfill children's civil rights and freedoms, evidenced by easy access to birth certificates and identity cards for children, as well as the establishment of the Child Friendly Information Center (Pusat Informasi Sahabat Anak - PISA) enabling children to access information and exchange ideas freely. There is a need for enhanced collaboration among government, NGOs, and the community to ensure the equitable implementation of the Child-Friendly City initiative, extending to suburban areas.   Keywords: Public Policy, Child-Friendly City, Children's Civil Rights and Freedoms

Background: Burns with diabetes mellitus conditions can interfere with the wound healing process. Mesenchymal stem cells have been studied to heal burns, one of which originates from the bone marrow Objective: Determine the effect of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on burn wound healing in the formation of granulation tissue DM rats. Methods: Research is experimental research with post-test only control group design. The research subjects were 30 rats divided into two groups, the control group was given NaCl and the treatment group was given hBM-MSCs. Mice were induced by alloxan to cause hyperglycemia, burns were made using a heated plate. Tissue collection was carried out after termination of the experimental animals on the 3rd, 7th, 14th days and then made histological preparations to assess the formation of granulation tissue. Data were analyzed using Two Way Anova Test. Results: Increase in the number of macrophages, fibroblasts and new blood vessels after hBM-MSCs were given. There were no increase on the 14th day neutrophils and 3rd day lymphocytes. Statistical analysis showed a significant increase in the number of lymphocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts and new blood vessels. Conclusion: The is study concludes that human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can increase the formation of granulation tissue by increasing macrophages, fibroblasts and new blood vessels in DM rats.