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Pakistan's legal landscape is characterized by a complex interplay of various legal systems, including Islamic law (Sharia) and secular legal frameworks inherited from colonial legacies. This paper seeks to explore the dynamics of legal pluralism in Pakistan, focusing on the coexistence and interaction of Islamic law and secular legal systems within the country's judiciary and legal institutions. Through a comparative analysis, the paper aims to examine the historical evolution, sources, principles, and application of both Islamic law and secular legal systems in Pakistan, shedding light on their respective roles, conflicts, and accommodations within the Pakistani legal framework. Additionally, the paper will critically assess the challenges and opportunities posed by legal pluralism in Pakistan, particularly in terms of ensuring justice, rule of law, and human rights in a diverse and rapidly changing society.

This research evaluates an English for Business textbook written by Mary Ellen Guffey & Carolyn M. Seefer with a content analysis approach. This study focuses on exploring the structure, content, and learning features in textbooks to assess their suitability to learner needs and stated goals. The examination conducted to assess the textbooks in this research employed a qualitative descriptive approach using the Cunningsworth and Miekley checklist as its foundation. The assessment scale encompasses ratings ranging from 'very good' and 'good' to 'moderate' and 'poor'. The analysis revealed the textbook's effectiveness in facilitating learning through its structured layout, engaging examples, and interactive features. Additionally, contextualization in real business scenarios and sections that promote discussion increase its relevance and applicability. This study offers valuable insights for educators, curriculum developers, and policy makers in selecting and developing ESP textbooks tailored to the specific needs of learners in the business field.

One of the pillars of life is optimism. Human life is greatly influenced by this attitude of optimism. However, many Muslims are beginning to lose hope due to the facts of this contemporary era. When the trials and pressures of life come their way, many people in society become depressed, despairing, or commit suicide or crime. Whereas the Prophet Muhammad favored optimism, because if a person has an optimistic attitude, he will be active, feel happy and will get good. As has been mentioned in many hadith. This study aims to discuss optimism in the perspective of hadith in order to create a good life with Islamic values. The formulation of the problem in this study is how the hadith views related to optimism as an important factor for life and Islamic values. In this research, a qualitative approach is used with the thematic method of hadith. The formal object of this research is the definition, characteristics, and aspects formulated based on the theme of the hadith. Then the results show that the theme of the hadith can be formulated into a terroristic framework about optimism in the perspective of hadith and optimism is very important for human life. The discussion in this study explains that optimism is highly recommended by the Prophet and has a very special place. The conclusion of this study is that optimism is a characteristic that is very important for human life.

In a train ticket booking also has an obstacle, to overcome the obstacles found in conventional ticket booking such as piling up queues at the station, limited time owned by consumers, the process of delivering information about ticket prices for the day of departure or the previous date that cannot be processed, then PT Kereta Api (Persero) Palembang provides solutions through applications that will be made to facilitate ticket booking, Fast transaction process, delivery of information about schedules and ticket prices that can be accessed quickly. In designing this system using a method, namely the Prototype method.

This research is a type of quantitative research with accidental sampling method. The population in this study were 100 consumers who used the services of JNE Express Karangawen branch with a total sample of 100 people. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire that has been tested for the validity and reliability of the data. The data analysis method used consisted of normality test, multicollinearity test, and heteroscedasticity test. While the data analysis techniques used to answer the hypothesis include moderated regression analysis (MRA), t test, F test, and analysis of the coefficient of determination (R2). The results of this study indicate that (1) service quality has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction with a regression coefficient of service quality of 0.374 and a value of tcount > ttable that is 3.578 > 1.984 and a significance value of 0.000 <0.05. (2) timeliness of delivery is a moderating variable that strengthens the effect of service quality on delivery time satisfaction with a value of tcount > ttable which is 3,559 > 1,984 and a significance value of 0,003 < 0,05. (3) service quality has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction with timeliness of delivery as a moderating variable with a regression coefficient value of 0.18 on time delivery and a value of Fcount > Ftable that is 4.845 > 3.937 and a significance value of 0.042 < 0.05.

Waste management in the maritime industry is a crucial aspect in maintaining environmental and operational sustainability of the industry. In this context, a literature review becomes essential to understand best practices, challenges, and potential solutions in waste management in the maritime industry. This research aims to present a comprehensive literature review on waste management in the maritime industry, focusing on management practices and future challenges. The literature review includes mapping of theoretical concepts, explanation of effective management practices, and analysis of relevant waste treatment technologies. Findings from this literature review provide an in-depth understanding of the complexity of waste management in the maritime industry, the crucial role of management in addressing these challenges, and the urgency in facing increasingly stringent environmental regulations. The implications of this literature review include emphasis on the importance of developing environmentally friendly technologies, collaboration between governments and industries, and awareness of the interconnection between waste management and sustainability goals. This research is expected to provide valuable guidance for the maritime industry in enhancing their waste management practices, thus creating a more sustainable future for the industry and the environment as a whole.

This study examines the position of notes used in transactions at Shoes and Care along with the forms of breach of contract that often occur in Shoes and Care based on a review of the law of the agreement. The research also analyzes appropriate dispute resolution alternatives to be applied with a review of Law Number 30 of 1999 concerning Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution. This type of research is a field study to obtain primary data along with a literature study to obtain secondary data analyzed with interactive analysis techniques. The result of this research is the position of the memorandum in the agreement made by the consumer with Shoes and Care as a draft agreement containing several clauses agreed between the consumer and Shoes and Care orally. Often the engagement/achievements in the agreement are not fulfilled which is referred to as a state of breach of contract. The forms of breach of contract that occur can be in the form of achievements that are not carried out, achievements are not carried out in accordance with the agreed time, and achievements are not carried out properly. Breach of contract that occur can then be resolved through negotiation as an alternative to effective and efficient dispute resolution.

The rapid growth of the online marketplace has created competition between marketplaces in Indonesia. The emergence of various new marketplaces that are growing now allows consumers to move from one platform to another. This challenge must be faced by marketplaces in maintaining consumer loyalty. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of e-service quality, e-trust and e-WOM on Lazada e-customer loyalty. This research is a descriptive research using quantitative methods. The population of this study is users of the Lazada marketplace in Sidoarjo. Sampling using non-probability sampling techniques with purposive sampling techniques with a total sample of 96 people. Data analysis technique using Partial Least Square using Smart-PLS 3.0 program.   The results of this study indicate that e-service quality, e-trust and e-wom partially affect e- loyalty.

This research aims to examine the influence of fintech payments, financial socialization and financial experience on financial management behavior. This research uses quantitative descriptive methods. The population in this study were active students at Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo, totaling 12,730 students and used a purposive sampling technique. The sample was determined using the Slovin formula and a sample of 99 respondents was obtained. The research data source is primary data. The analysis technique uses Partial Last Square with Smart PLS 3.0. The research results show that fintech payment, financial experience and financial socialization partially have a significant effect on financial management behavior.

This research purpose to determine the influence of Search Engine Optimization, Online Advertising and Time Pressure on Purchase Intentiom at the Uniqlo Flash Sale. This research uses quantitative methods with a descriptive approach. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a total of 96 respondents. Data collection techniques by distributing questionnaires. The data analysis technique uses Partial Least Square (PLS) using the Smart-PLS Version 3.0 program. The results of this research show that there is an effect of Search Engine Optimization on Purchase Intention. Online Advertising also has an effect Purchase Intention. Meanwhile, Time Pressure has no effect on Purchase Intention.

Fraudulent acts are currently flourishing following the era and technology advancement. Laws and regulations are made to anticipate this, but the existing laws and regulations seem like unable to combat the crime amid their increase in occurrences. This research aims to: firstly, to identify law enforcement against the e-commerce-based frauds; and secondly, to identify the obstacles in criminal law enforcement against e-commerce- based frauds. This research was conducted by using normative juridical method through literature research by examining secondary data including legislation, research results, scientific journals and references. The research results describe that the e-commerce- based fraudulent acts in principle are similar to the conventional frauds but differ in the evidences or means of action as the latter uses electronic systems (computers, internet, telecommunications equipment). Therefore, the legal enforcement against this kind of frauds is still under the applicability of the Indonesian Criminal Code and the Law No. 19 of 2016 regarding Amendments to the Law No. 11 of 2008 regarding Information and Electronic Transactions. Further, the law enforcement against the fraudulent acts in electronic-based transactions has been prevented at least by the following five factors, the laws and regulations, law enforcers, infra-structure or facilities that support the law enforcement, community and cultural factors.      

Diabetes Mellitus is a significant problem in global health. In general, it is known to many people around the world because basically diabetes mellitus can be suffered by all groups, both young and old. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the duration of diagnosis of type 2 DM and the incidence of death in type 2 DM sufferers at Budi Kemuliaan Hospital, Batam City. The research was carried out by taking medical record data for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Budi Kemuliaan Hospital, Batam City. The data is then processed by computerization. Analysis of the results uses the Chi Square test if the significance value of p is <0.5% or 0.05, then Ho is rejected, meaning there is a relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Vice versa, if p > 0.05 Ho fails to be rejected, it means there is no relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable. The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between the duration of diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the incidence of death in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the length of time diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus can influence the incidence of death in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

This research is a type of quantitative research with non-probability methods. The population of this study is unknown, so it uses the Lemeshow formula, and the number of samples used is 100 respondents. The data collection technique used convenience sampling with the distribution of questionnaires that had been tested for the validity and reliability of the data. The data analysis method used consisted of descriptive analysis, evaluation of the outer model, evaluation of the inner model, and evaluation of indirect effects (mediation). The data analysis tool in this study uses the SmartPLS 3.0 software. The results of this study indicate that perceived of usefulness has a positive and insignificant effect on online purchasing behavior with a significance value of 1.326 < 1.96. Perceived of usefulness has a positive and significant effect on e-wallet user satisfaction with a significance value of 2.685 < 1.96. E-wallet user satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on online purchasing behavior with a significance value of 3.794 < 1.96. Perceived ease of use has a positive and significant effect on e-wallet user satisfaction with a significance value of 8.397 < 1.96. E-wallet user satisfaction has a positive and significant effect in mediating the relationship between perceived of usefulness and online purchasing behavior with a significance value of 2.685 < 1.96.

The purpose of this research is to find out a review of the compilation of Islamic law regarding interfaith marriages from a sharia perspective. The method used in this research is qualitative, with a comparative approach by conducting literature studies related to studies of theories relevant to the problem of interfaith marriages. In the view of Islamic law, marriage between different religions is strictly prohibited because it is contrary to the rules of Islamic law in maintaining the existence of religion. The goal of marriage is to create a sakinanh, mawaddah wa Rahmah household, but this goal is very difficult to realize if the marriage is built on the basis of different religions. Based on Marriage Law Number 1 of 1974 which is implemented in the compilation of Islamic law, it states that it does not accommodate interfaith marriages to strengthen the arguments put forward in the Koran.

The diversity in societal exercise preferences has increased significantly, with fitness emerging as a favored modern activity, particularly in urban areas of Indonesia. Fitness is valued for its effectiveness in restoring body fitness and achieving ideal body shapes swiftly. However, in the era of Industry 4.0, technological advancements have revolutionized the approach to fitness. Smartphone fitness applications have replaced the role of personal trainers by providing tailored exercise and dietary programs. User Interface (UI) plays a pivotal role in fitness applications, influencing User Experience (UX). The challenge lies in designing UI to accommodate user heterogeneity, both internally and externally. Adaptive UI emerges as a solution, capable of altering layout and content according to user characteristics. Kernwerk® Functional Fitness exemplifies a fitness application utilizing AI to optimize fitness routines. To enhance Kernwerk's UI adaptability, UX evaluation is conducted using UEQ+ modular extension, a comprehensive instrument for effectively and efficiently measuring user experience. Through this evaluation, components of UI and UX requiring further development to enhance Kernwerk's adaptability can be identified.

Community service program, in collaboration with PUSKESMAS Pattirosompe. Previously, POSYANDU for teenagers in the Tomodi neighborhood had not implemented games for the implementation of POSYANDU, which resulted in every time there was an inspection, teenagers were less enthusiastic about attending. This Community Service aims to change the pattern of providing POSYANDU material to teenagers with a games system. The community service program not only changed the POSYANDU pattern but also established a youth POSYANDU in the Bulu Citta environment, starting with collecting data on teenagers covering ages 10 to 18 years. It is hoped that this service can increase teenagers' interest and insight into the importance of health. The service team has established a POSYANDU for teenagers in the Bulu Citta neighborhood, carried out health checks, provided games and counseling about teenage reproduction in the Bulu Citta and Tomodi neighborhoods.

This research aims to examine the influence of Regional Original Income, General Allocation Funds and Special Allocation Funds on Regional Government Financial Performance. Using 38 samples of Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget Realization Reports (APBD) for Regency/City Regional Governments in East Java Province for the 2020-2022 period which have been officially published and audited by the East Java Province Representative Financial Audit Agency (BPK Jatim). Testing was carried out using multiple regression. The test results prove that Regional Original Income has an influence on Regional Government Financial Performance. General Allocation Funds and Special Allocation Funds have no effect on Regional Government Financial Performance.

This study aims to investigate the influence of macroeconomic factors on the performance of the maritime business in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era. Utilizing a literature review approach, this research analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maritime businesses and its relationship with macroeconomic factors. Prior to the pandemic, the maritime business experienced stable growth, driven by macroeconomic growth and increasing international trade. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has transformed the landscape of the maritime industry by causing a decline in trade volume, increased operational costs, and changes in trade patterns. Macroeconomic factors such as economic growth and market demand dynamics also affect the operational conditions and business strategies of shipping companies. The implications of these findings underscore the need for adaptation and innovation in maritime business practices, including investment in technology and infrastructure, as well as international collaboration to address the challenges faced. Future research can deepen understanding of changes in international trade dynamics and identify more effective adaptation strategies for shipping companies in this post-pandemic era. Thus, this study makes a significant contribution to understanding and addressing the challenges faced by the maritime industry in the future.

This community service is conducted in the form of public health initiatives aimed at combating dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in Indonesia. These initiatives are implemented in Labuh Baru Timur Village, RT 02/08, located in Payung Sekaki District, Pekanbaru City, Riau Province. The target beneficiaries of these activities include toddlers, children, adolescent girls, housewives, and the broader community. The primary objective of this community service endeavor is to enhance the knowledge of the targeted partner communities, particularly mothers who are members of POSYANDU (integrated health post), PUSKESMAS (community health centers), doctors, and village midwives, regarding the causes, consequences, and prevention strategies related to dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). The methods employed for executing this community service activity involved conducting household visits and organizing discussions on dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Data about participants’ understanding of DHF were collected through pre-test and post-test questionnaires. The anticipated outcome of these efforts is to reduce the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and minimize its impact on affected individuals. In instances where residents are diagnosed with DHF and necessitate hospitalization, the objective is to facilitate their prompt and full recovery, thereby enabling them to resume their daily routines, including school attendance.

Drug prevention socialization activities and drug abuse punishment at SMPN 3 Pegandon aim to increase students awareness of the dangers of narcotics and the legal consequences arising from drug use. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of these socialization activities in achieving these goals. The research method used was structured interviews with students and teaching staff at SMPN 3 Pegandon. The results of the study showed that socialization activities were able to increase students' understanding of the dangers of narcotics and awareness of punishment. However, there are challenges in implementing anticipatory behavior against daily drug abuse. The implications of this study highlight the need for improvements in the implementation strategy of more inclusive and sustainable drug prevention socialization in the school environment.