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Radar is a tool that functions to determine the whereabouts of objects in the surroundings. A military defense system requires a system for monitoring and handling certain areas (land, sea, air) effectively and efficiently to prevent unwanted presence from entering private areas. This design is expected to increase the defense system's capabilities to make it easier to automatically track and destroy enemies. The laser gun is an actuator that is integrated to shoot enemies detected by radar. The servo motor drives the ultrasonic sensor and the diode laser which moves from 00 to 1800, the ultrasonic sensor is integrated into the servo motor which functions to detect objects by reflecting ultrasonic waves on the object and receiving them back when the waves hit the object, then the 5V diode laser is used as a weapon. will emit a laser beam when directed at an object detected by the servo motor. Processing3 software is used as a graphic programming tool that can display object detection read by the ultrasonic sensor. The results of this research are that the ultrasonic sensor is capable of detecting objects in the range 0-40cm and the servo motor is capable of reaching angles from 00 to 1800. And this system can work effectively during shooting so that it can meet defense needs in dealing with enemies and can work quickly and precisely.    

Early marriage is a phenomenon that is rampant in society, especially teenagers. Tradition and gender inequality are the main factors of early marriage. Significant impacts are experienced by adolescents due to early marriage. This study aims to describe the impact of early marriage on adolescents caused by traditional factors and gender gaps. The research method used is literature study analysis and documentation study by observing documentary videos. Coding and tabulation processes were carried out to test the validity and reliability of the data. The results showed that early marriage in adolescents is influenced by tradition and the gender gap. This suggests factors such as family pressure, local traditions, and lack of opportunities in education may reinforce the practice of early marriage. Emile Durkheim's structural functional theory analysis also highlights how early marriage functions in maintaining social stability, but also emphasizes the need to reduce the negative impact on gender inequality. Concrete measures such as sexual education, women's empowerment, and policy changes are needed to address the problem of early marriage in adolescents.

Tradition Unduh Patirtan is one of the traditions in Kembangbelor village, Pacet district, Mojokerto district. This tradition still exists and is still preserved. This tradition is interesting to follow. This research will be search of Tradisi Unduh Patirtan behavior. This research uses descriptive research qualitative methods. The data is obtained through direct observations, interviews, documentation, and transcripts. The series of events carried out in Tradisi Unduh Patirtan is Khataman al-Kuran, reboisation, arrangement of pambuka and arrangement papundhen, arrangements of the story of wayang beber, undhuh patirtan, umbul donga lan spell, napak tilas tirta, kirab matirta, bantengan, Kirab ancak, madhang sega pancawarna. Ubarampe Tradisi Unduh Patirtan This is siwur, gentong, kendi, leaves of kelor, sega pancawarna, snake of market, pala pendhem, dupa, kethuk, and gong. Tradisi Unduh Patirtan functions are the projection system, cultural validation, educational means, overseeing the rules of society, there are also other functions such as economic functions, gotong royong functions and religious functions. There's been a change in the behavior and ubarampe of this Tradisi Unduh Patirtan. In order not to suffer change or loss of culture must be carried out for conservation, conservation of this Tradisi Unduh Patirtan through government, society, education, and social media.

The purpose of this research is to understand the process of employee discipline at CV. Arsana Sentosa, identify barriers in the implementation of employee discipline, and find ways to overcome these barriers. The method used is qualitative descriptive analysis. The analysis results show that the implementation of Standard Operational Procedures (SOP) at CV. Arsana Sentosa provides significant benefits if done properly according to their functions. If employee discipline at CV. Arsana Sentosa decreases, the profit obtained will also decrease, even leading to losses. From previous discussions, it can be concluded that the implementation of discipline at CV. Arsana Sentosa, particularly in the use of fire extinguisher cylinders, has a significant impact if employees implement discipline well. This can be seen from the discipline system at CV. Arsana Sentosa, which is in line with the applicable regulations. However, there are still things that need to be improved, such as employees needing to have principles in managing time and being perfectionists without delaying tasks.

This research is motivated by issues in the implementation of development in Dewasari Village caused by the village's limited budget. However, the Village Consultative Body (BPD) of Dewasari, as the supervisory institution for the Dewasari Village government, has not been optimal in performing its functions, particularly its oversight function. The aim of this study is to understand the management of village funds by the BPD of Dewasari Village, Cijeungjing District, Ciamis Regency. The research method used in this study is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The data collection techniques used by the researchers include literature study and field study, including observation, documentation, and interviews. The data analysis techniques employed are data reduction and data triangulation. The results of the study indicate that the BPD of Dewasari Village has not been optimal in performing its oversight function, as evidenced by several indicators that have not been optimally met, such as the processes of measuring performance, comparing performance with standards, and determining corrective actions. The obstacles faced by the BPD in carrying out the oversight process include the timing of the supervision, lack of understanding and competence of the BPD in supervising the management of village funds, and the limited human resources available to the BPD of Dewasari Village.

This study analyzes the Function of the Health Office in the implementation of health in Sikka Regency. The research method used is the Normative Judiciary method, using primary data and secondary data. Indonesia is one of the developing countries that has faced several fundamental strategic changes and challenges. The goal of the Indonesian nation is contained in the preamble to the 1945 Constitution which is held through national development, including health development. In supporting the implementation of health development, it requires support from a strong National Health System. Therefore,  the Regency/City Health Office as the executor of affairs and services in the health sector also has the function of conducting supervision in their respective areas.The formulation of the problem in this study is: (1) How is the Regulation of the Function of the Health Office in the implementation of the health system in Sikka Regency? (2) What are the inhibiting factors of the Health Office in handling the implementation of the health system in Sikka Regency? From the results of the research, the author concludes that  the function of the Health Office in the implementation of the health system in Sikka Regency is in accordance with the Regional Regulation of East Nusa Tenggara Province number 2 of 2018 concerning the implementation of Regional Health, Regional Regulation of Sikka Regency number 3 of 2021 concerning the Regional Health System, and Sikka Regent Regulation number 29 of 2016 concerning the position, organizational structure,  duties and functions as well as work procedures of the Health Office. The obstacles or obstacles of the Health Office in the implementation of the Health System in Sikka Regency are seen from several factors, namely: limited human resources, budget and funding, infrastructure and health facilities, accessibility and transportation, and lack of public awareness and participation.

Language plays a crucial role in human communication. Technological advancements, such as the Internet and cell phones, have revolutionized long-distance communication. The Internet on mobile phones has created unique communication forms, including online shopping on platforms like TikTok. This enables easy shopping from anywhere with internet access and payment via ATM. Interactions between buyers and sellers in online shopping involve various linguistic acts, facilitating transactions between strangers. This research explores (1) forms of speech acts in seller-buyer interactions on TikTok Live, (2) strategies of these speech acts, and (3) the functions of speech acts in these interactions. Using qualitative descriptive research, the study analyzes audio segments from conversations in women's equipment transactions on TikTok. Data collection was done through documentation, and analysis involved data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. Results show differences in speech act forms, strategies, and functions. Future research is suggested to delve deeper into these aspects, using this study as a reference for broader investigations.

The study is entitled The Development of The Indonesian State Law and Its Implications in The Dimension of The Rule of Law. This research begins with the formulation of Article 1 paragraph (3) of UUD 1945 which states that “The State of Indonesia is a state of law”. Described as a rule of law, Indonesia is responsible for always following the law as a means of achieving its goals. The law of the State that regulates the administration, government and institutions of the state is regarded as the foremost guard in achieving the ideals of a country. In its history, the Indonesian Civil Code has passed through many dynamics of all time and has arrived at the present time to dedicate its functions. However, the unavoidable development of the world makes the law including the Law of the State must always adapt to various developments. However, in its implementation the law of the state has always faced with various implications. For that, this study was written with the primary purpose of finding out how the Law of State Order has implicated its development in the modern era in the dimension of the rule of law. In completing his research, this paper uses the method of research of the juridic study with the data collection system of the study of the library.

The Internet of Things (IoT) phenomenon is centered around linking various devices and objects to the Internet, enabling them to communicate, collect, and exchange data [1]. The IoT needs strong, lightweight, and secure authorization schemes to regulate many devices with varying levels of ability. Quantum-resilient federated Multi-Factor Authentication (QRF-MFA) is a solution presented in this paper to address the above-discussed issues. Featuring quantum-resistant cryptographic protocols, high-speed and low-energy Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs), decentralized identity management, and optimized communication protocols, QRF-MFA provides a complete solution for secure cross-domain device identification and authentication. This is done by leveraging blockchain technology for immutable and transparent management of identities yet limiting on-chain storage overhead. It also provides secure, lightweight communication well-suited for resource constrained IIoT devices, and it is designed for fog and edge computing environments as well. QRF-MFA eliminates the challenges of current methods by combining security, efficiency, and scalability and delivering a resilient and future-ready solution to secure IIoT authentication.  

Village Institutions in Village Government have their respective functions and authorities. Family Welfare Empowerment (PKK) as one of the Village institutions has a function as a bridging forum in order to empower women to participate in Indonesia's welfare development. Like other village institutions, Family Welfare Empowerment (PKK) in Mekajadi Village, Sadananaya District, Ciamis Regency, generally has the same function. Therefore, this service activity aims to provide increased understanding regarding the function of the village institution itself, namely the PKK, in the current era of disruption. The method used in this activity is carried out by providing awareness or increasing understanding about the PKK as one of the Village institutions. The results of this activity show that there is still a need to increase human resources to improve quality in the current era of disruption

Implementation of Village Law no. 6 of 2014 had a positive impact by disbursing quite large funds to villages throughout Indonesia. As a village head, a village head must be able to carry out management functions, namely planning, organizing, implementing and supervising so that his village progresses. This research uses a literature study method looking at various journals and other reading sources. Based on the research results found, the Semarang City National Land Office knows and understands the positive fictitious rules, but they cannot be fully implemented because the office has standard operational rules (SOP) which must also be obeyed. followed. obeyed. The application of positive fictitious provisions in practice is still not very effective in improving the quality of public services. The effect of positive fictitious orders seems to be to make state managers leave because they conflict with institutional SOPs. There are several obstacles in implementing this provision, including that state institutions and/or government officials and the public do not understand this provision properly and correctly, and court decisions that grant the petition cannot be trusted in practice. This decision offer again contradicts the SOP of each institution. The solution to the various obstacles is the need to deepen understanding of positive fictitious regulations for both the authorities and the public, and the need to design government regulations that provide more detailed and more enforceable implementation guidelines.

One of the goals of speech in communication is an effort to achieve the desired results of the speaker with the speech partner, speech is not only in oral communication but also in written communication such as novels .The method used is qualitative because the analysis in it explains the meaning of the characters' dialogue. As well as the use of data analysis techniques that use qualitative descriptive. Expressive speech acts in the novel Laut Bercerita based on the results of data analysis found 6 expressive speech acts in the novel Laut Bercerita, namely criticizing, praising, complaining, saying thank you, blaming. Expressive speech is a speech act intended by the speaker so that the speech can be interpreted as an evaluation of the things mentioned in the speech and has several functions in it. By using expressive speech the author is able to give messages and meaning to the reader about what he wants to convey through dialogue.

This article discusses the legal position of public officials in the Indonesian legal system. Public officials play a crucial role in carrying out government functions and community services. This article analyzes the legal basis governing the duties and powers of public officials, as well as the responsibilities and legal protections they have. Through a review of relevant laws and regulations, this article identifies the legal challenges faced by public officials in carrying out their duties, including issues related to corruption, abuse of authority, and accountability. Using a normative juridical approach, this article offers recommendations for strengthening the legal position of public officials in order to increase efficiency and integrity in public services in Indonesia.      

The definition of rights according to KBBI ( Dictionary Besar Bahasa Indonesia) is as authority, power to do (because it has been determined by certain laws or rules), and the right power to do something or demand something. The definition of rights in general is everything that is given to certain parties in certain situations... While according to the KBBI ( Dictionary Besar Bahasa Indonesia) obligation is (something) that must be done; must. These two concepts are very important for the life of the community, nation and state. The constitution in every country, including Indonesia, functions as a positive legal basis that regulates the rights and obligations of its citizens. The state grants rights to its citizens and citizens carry out and fulfill their obligations in the state. This journal will discuss the rights and obligations of citizens in the constitutional law system, as well as how they relate to and impact on society.    

This study aims to find out and describe the Implementation of Dance Art Learning in the Independent Curriculum in Class X.E4 SMA Negeri 2 Bayang. The type of research used in this study is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The research instrument is the researcher himself and assisted by other instruments such as stationery and mobile phones. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, literature studies and documentation. The steps in analyzing data are data collection, data reduction, classifying and concluding data. The results of the study show that the implementation of dance learning in the independent curriculum at SMA Negeri 2 Bayang has not been carried out properly, where there are several things in its implementation that are not in accordance with the teaching module so that the implementation is less effective. In terms of the learning methods used, teachers have used methods that are in accordance with the material. However, when teachers carry out training with material on functions, meanings and symbols through a variety of local dance movements, teachers have not used media in learning, such as the use of audiovisual media that can affect student learning outcomes.

The use of artificial intelligence technology in education continues to evolve, one of which is through the application of ChatGPT. This study aims to analyze the results of solving numerical integration problems with the help of ChatGPT compared to manual methods. Numerical integration is an important method in mathematics and various disciplines for calculating the integral values of complex functions. However, manual methods require a deep understanding and high mathematical skills, with a considerable amount of time and repetitive processes that often result in inaccurate solutions. This research attempts to explore the potential of ChatGPT as an educational tool, which has not been extensively discussed in previous literature, especially in solving complex mathematical problems. In this study, a number of numerical integration problems were solved using manual methods, such as the Trapezoidl and Simpson's methods, as well as with the help of ChatGPT. The results were then compared in terms of solution accuracy. The research findings indicate that ChatGPT is capable of providing accurate solutions, with results comparable to manual methods in many cases. The analysis shows that ChatGPT can be used as an aid in solving numerical integration problems because it can provide accurate results comparable to manual methods. However, manual methods are still necessary to maintain a balance between understanding basic concepts and utilizing technology in learning.

Gadgets are small electronic devices that have various specialized functions. In addition, a gadget can also be interpreted as a sophisticated device that contains various applications. These applications themselves are then used as a source of information, social networking, hobbies, creativity, and much more. Gadgets are used by parents, teenagers and early childhood who feel happy and even addicted to using them. So that for early childhood who is not given a companion or guidance can cause a negative impact on early childhood development. There are objectives, namely to find out what impact the use of gadgets has, to find out the signs of gadget addiction in children, to find out how to reduce the adverse effects of gadgets, to find out how to overcome gadget addiction, to find out the characteristics and effects of gadget addiction. This activity was conducted at SDN Ende 5 using a qualitative approach method. The results showed that gadgets are indeed very useful for life, but can cause negative things, including to elementary school children who make excessive social and emotional development. The adverse effects on children are closed personalities, sleep disorders, tantrums, violent behavior, fading creativity and the threat of cyberbullying. The solution is to limit the use of gadgets, supervise children when playing gadgets and give children the right time to play gadgets.

This article discusses the development of a decision support system (DSS) for selecting the best tourist attractions in Surakarta City using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. The background of the research is the importance of choosing the right tourist attractions to enhance visitor satisfaction and support regional development. The SAW method was chosen for its ability to provide structured assessments based on multiple criteria. This study uses an Agile approach in system development, involving planning, analysis, design, implementation, and testing stages. The results show that the developed decision support system can effectively manage the criteria and alternatives for tourist attractions. The calculations using the SAW method indicate that Sheikh Zayed Mosque has the highest preference value, making it the best tourist attraction according to this system. Testing shows that the system functions as expected, with consistent calculation results between manual and automated methods.  

The progress of a nation is supported by complete human resources with three important elements; healthy, intelligent and of good character. However, the dream of advancing the nation will only become a dream when phenomena that show bad character increasingly emerge in this country, and the most worrying thing is that students are involved in it. In this position, educational failure is an area that is often the subject of discussion, and especially religious education is increasingly becoming the main focus. In the midst of the hegemony of discussions about materials, models and environmental creation in contemporary conditions, this article aims to retrace the concept of PAI as a whole, including its meaning, objectives, foundations and functions, so that various PAI activities, especially in schools, do not deviate from its sermons. . Literature review was chosen as a method for examining the writings of figures, book and journal authors, as well as regulatory documents related to education and PAI. The results of the study show that there are three words that are often discussed by figures when exploring the concept of education in Islam, namely tarbiyah, ta'dib, and ta'lim. These three words are the basis for exploring the concept of PAI as a whole in Indonesia. PAI has colored the education process in Indonesia, with Islamic teachings as the content taught. By paying attention to its basis and function, PAI in schools must be taught by professional PAI teachers with the aim of educating, guiding and directing students to become Islamic individuals (insan kamil; faithful, obedient and moral) within the framework of students as individuals, family members, members of society, citizens and citizens of the world. This point also emphasizes that PAI's goal is not to make students become experts in Islamic religion. This article can provide insight, especially to teachers or PAI study program students, in understanding PAI as a whole, especially its relation to schooling.

Investigates the idea of muhkam and mutasyabih stanzas in the Qur'an and the connected religious ramifications. Muhkam refrains are stanzas that have clear, unequivocal and express implications, giving a strong legitimate premise and standards in Islamic lessons. Mutasyabih verses, on the other hand, contain symbolism and metaphors that enhance the spiritual and intellectual aspects of the sacred text and have meanings that are ambiguous and necessitate in-depth analysis. This study demonstrates that muhkam verses provide Muslims with clear practical and legal guidance, whereas mutasyabih verses encourage deep reflection and the development of theological understanding by analyzing the characteristics, functions, and purposes of these two types of verses. In interpreting the Qur'an, where muhkam and mutasyabih verses complement one another in conveying the Divine message, the study emphasizes the significance of a comprehensive and holistic understanding. These verses have important theological implications for the development of contemporary Islamic thought, including a deeper comprehension of God's nature, the essence of Islamic teachings, and the dynamics of interpreting sacred tex.