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This study aims to evaluate the performance of the Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) at PT PLN Nusantara Power Unit Pembangkitan Gresik in reducing pollutant loads from domestic wastewater. The evaluation involves analyzing water quality parameters including pH, BOD, COD, TSS, oil and grease, total ammonia, and total coliform at both inlet and outlet of the STP. Additionally, the actual daily discharge was observed and compared to the design capacity to assess operational efficiency. The method used was descriptive qualitative, involving field observation, documentation, and laboratory test data analysis during the January–March 2025 period. The results show that all outlet parameters met the effluent standards set by Regulation No. 68/2016 of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. However, the actual flow rate, which is only 1.6–3.3% of the design capacity, indicates potential inefficiencies in energy use and biological processes. Therefore, operational adjustments and optimization of STP capacity utilization are necessary for more efficient and sustainable system performance.

Rural potential is an important asset in running the village government system. If managed properly, it will bring economic value to the village community. The fried onion production and packaging training in Basseang Village aims to increase the added value of local commodities and improve community skills in production and marketing. This program is carried out with a participatory approach involving the community, village government, and Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes). The results of the training showed an increase in the technical skills of participants in processing shallots into high-quality fried onions as well as an understanding of the importance of packaging and marketing strategies. In addition, this training encourages social change by increasing public awareness of local resource-based business opportunities. The main challenges faced include limited capital and production continuity. Therefore, further support from various stakeholders is needed so that this program can be sustainable and have a long-term impact on the village economy.

Consumer protection is a crucial aspect in the face of rapid economic development and increased industrial competition, including in the bottled water sector. The Aqua product packaging defect case in Semarang in July 2017 is a clear example of weak quality control and the importance of producer accountability. Defects such as bottle caps that can be pried off without breaking the seal create uncertainty over product safety and reduce consumer confidence. Law No. 8/1999 on Consumer Protection provides a strong legal basis for consumers to obtain safe products and claim compensation for losses due to defective products. Manufacturers have an absolute responsibility to ensure product safety through the implementation of strict quality control systems, early detection of physical defects, and digital tracking for product recalls if necessary. In addition, consumer education and optimization of public complaint media are important parts of the consumer protection system. With a comprehensive preventive and corrective approach, risks due to defective products can be minimized, and public trust in the industry can be maintained.

Garbage become problem complex in life urban areas , especially in Medan as Mother city North Sumatra Province . Research This analyze impact management Trash in Place Disposal End (TPA) Terjun , Medan Marelan District , regarding environment surrounding area . Method study use approach qualitative with technique observation , interviews , and studies documentation . Research results show that TPA Terjun has​ area 14 hectares Not yet managed optimally , with the dominant open dumping system . The impacts that arise covering groundwater pollution , pollution​ air , disturbance aesthetics , as well as improvement vector disease . Findings This reinforced by BPS data (2018) which shows density Medan 's population reached 8,342 people /km², correlated with high volume of waste . Research This recommend implementation system management rubbish integrated based on principle health environment and economy circular For reduce impact negative .

Earnings performance is seen as one of the main indicators in assessing the company's financial performance, which can influence investor decisions and be reflected in market reactions through abnormal returns. Meanwhile, internal control is considered as an internal control mechanism that can strengthen investor confidence in the quality of earnings information submitted by the company. This study aims to examine the effect of earnings performance on cumulative abnormal return (CAR) and the role of internal control as a moderating variable in the relationship. The focus of this research is on real estate and property sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019-2023 period. The sample of this study consisted of 44 companies and 199 observations selected through purposive sampling technique with certain criteria. Hypothesis testing was carried out using moderated regression analysis. The results showed that earnings performance has a positive and significant effect on cumulative abnormal return, which indicates that the better the company's earnings performance, the higher the positive market reaction to the information. In addition, other findings show that internal control moderates positively and significantly the relationship between earnings performance and cumulative abnormal return. This means that the effect of earnings performance on CAR will be stronger in companies that have a good internal control system.

As a result of rapid technological progress, increased competition, and the global opening of markets, local markets have been flooded with a large number of foreign products of superior quality compared to local products. This has exposed Iraqi economic units to numerous pressures for various reasons, most notably the high cost of their products and the low quality of their products. This requires these units to seek solutions that lead to the provision of a high-quality product capable of competing with foreign products in terms of price and quality, thereby achieving customer satisfaction. Therefore, the research aims to integrate the two techniques of Attribute Based Costing and process reengineering and to demonstrate their role in improving product quality. The researcher reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which are The weakness of the costing system applied at the research sample factory, its failure to accurately monitor and identify cost elements throughout the product lifecycle, and the management's lack of interest and awareness in implementing contemporary costing techniques and their role in improving the quality of its products, thus ensuring their sustainability. The integration of specifications-based costing with process reengineering technology has added substantial improvements to product specifications, aligning them with customer requirements and needs, and leading to improved product quality.

In his research, the author focuses on three problem formulations, (1). What are the indicators used in evaluating the success of da'wah activities? (2). To what extent does the application of da'wah activity evaluation contribute to improving the quality of da'wah? (3). What are the supporting and inhibiting factors in the process of evaluating da'wah activities? This study uses qualitative research, namely research that aims to gain a deep understanding of (Implementation of Da'wah Activity Evaluation Aimed at Improving the Quality of Da'wah) Data collection techniques used in this study include: interviews, observations, and documentation. While the data analysis used is by using qualitative descriptive analysis using inductive techniques, namely data mining in the field, then data reduction and data presentation are carried out, then conclusions are drawn. The results of the study show that: Evaluation in da'wah communication provides an understanding that preachers (D'ai) need to assess and evaluate the communication process carried out. This aims to improve and increase the effectiveness of da'wah. Evaluation of da'wah activities is an important tool for improving the quality of da'wah communication. By conducting systematic evaluations, preachers can identify strengths and weaknesses in their approach, and adjust strategies to achieve better results in the future. Implementing effective evaluation and showing how evaluation can improve the overall success of the da'wah program.

The development of digital technology has encouraged organisations to adopt big data analytics in human resource management (HRM), but there are still challenges in leveraging it for effective decision-making. This study aims to investigate the effect of big data utilisation on the quality of HR decision-making and identify the supporting and inhibiting factors for its implementation. A quantitative method with purposive sampling survey was conducted on 100-150 respondents from companies that have implemented big data-based management information systems and HR analytics. Data were analysed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS software. The results showed that big data analytics significantly improved the quality of HR decision-making, with HR digital competencies and organisational culture as important mediating factors. However, challenges related to cultural resistance and limited expertise were found to affect the effectiveness of implementation. The practical implications of this research emphasise the importance of HR digital capacity building and ethical data governance to support the transformation of HRM into an adaptive strategic function in the digital era. This research also contributes to the development of data-driven management theory with a holistic approach that integrates technical, human, and ethical aspects.

Education plays a strategic role in improving the quality of human resources. In this context, teachers serve as central figures who determine the success of the learning process. Teacher professionalism is one of the key indicators in establishing a high-quality education system. This article aims to analyze the role of educational policy in supporting the development of teacher professional quality in Indonesia. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a literature study approach, utilizing secondary data sources from scientific articles and journals published between 2020 and 2025, accessed through Google Scholar. The results indicate that educational policies in Indonesia have provided a strong legal and regulatory foundation for the development of teacher professionalism, such as Law Number 14 of 2005 and its derivative regulations. These policies regulate qualifications, competencies, certification, and budget support for teachers. In conclusion, educational policy plays a vital role in improving teacher quality through a structured and sustainable system.    

process standardization, and system optimization. The study concludes that the HOT-FIT model is This study evaluates the performance of the outpatient registration information system at RSUD Komodo using the Human-Organization-Technology Fit (HOT-FIT) framework. Hospital Information Systems, particularly in the outpatient registration process, are crucial for supporting service efficiency and data accuracy. However, RSUD Komodo has experienced several challenges in the implementation of its SIMRS module, including system slowdowns, sudden monitor failures, and unstable internet connectivity during service hours. These issues hinder operational effectiveness and risk compromising service quality. The objective of this research is to assess system performance comprehensively across human, organizational, and technological dimensions. A qualitative descriptive design was employed, involving in-depth interviews with five key informants: registration staff, IT personnel, coder, head of the medical records unit, and head of the casemix team. The findings show that in the human dimension, users lacked sufficient training and adaptation strategies. In the organizational aspect, weak coordination and the absence of standardized procedures were identified. In the technology dimension, hardware malfunctions and slow system performance significantly disrupted services. These interconnected issues reveal the need for capacity buildingan effective tool for evaluating hospital information systems, offering a structured approach to identifying and resolving performance gaps in outpatient service modules.

The implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) in healthcare institutions aims to improve the efficiency, accuracy, and accessibility of medical data. RSUD Weda, a regional hospital in Indonesia, has adopted an EMR system in its outpatient services to replace conventional manual processes. However, this transition has faced several challenges, including inadequate training, unstable network infrastructure, and inconsistent adherence to Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). This study aims to evaluate the performance of the EMR implementation using a qualitative descriptive method based on the 5M framework—Man, Material, Machine, Method, and Money. Data were collected through interviews, direct observation, and document analysis involving stakeholders such as medical staff, administrators, and IT personnel. The findings indicate that while users acknowledge improvements in data accuracy and accessibility, key issues remain, particularly in training quality, infrastructure readiness, and system reliability. The study also observed gradual improvements in SOP compliance and reduced system failures over time. These results suggest that successful EMR adoption requires a balance of technical infrastructure, human resource readiness, financial support, and continuous system monitoring. The use of the 5M framework proved effective in identifying multidimensional challenges and offering holistic insights into the implementation process. This study contributes to the broader literature on EMR evaluation by providing contextualized evidence from a district-level hospital and offers practical recommendations for enhancing EMR system performance in similar healthcare settings.    

The Drinking Water Supply System (SPAM) is essential infrastructure for ensuring access to clean water. SPAM Tembudan, located in Batu Putih District, Berau Regency, plays a key role in supplying raw water for both domestic and non-domestic uses. This study analyzes the sustainability of SPAM Tembudan by evaluating raw water quality, availability, and system efficiency. Primary data were collected through field surveys, water sampling, and interviews with operators and residents. Water quality was assessed based on physical, chemical, and biological parameters, following Ministry of Health Regulation No. 492/Menkes/Per/IV/2010. Availability was evaluated through flow rate measurements and community water demand, while system efficiency was assessed by examining treatment efficiency and water loss (Non-Revenue Water/NRW). Findings reveal that most water quality parameters meet national standards, though some show signs of potential contamination. In terms of availability, raw water is currently sufficient to meet demand, but seasonal changes particularly during the dry season threaten long-term sustainability. The analysis also identifies inefficiencies in the distribution network, with notable water losses that need addressing. To ensure the long-term sustainability of SPAM Tembudan, the study recommends enhancing the treatment process, improving raw water resource management, and reducing distribution losses. Encouraging community involvement and strengthening the capacity of local operators are also critical for maintaining the system’s performance. These strategies aim to secure reliable, high-quality drinking water for the community while supporting sustainable resource use.

This study aims to analyze the impact of online learning on students' learning independence at the secondary school level. The research is motivated by the significant shift in the education system due to the pandemic, which required students to adapt to technology-based distance learning. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, utilizing data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation, supported by quantitative questionnaires from previous studies. The findings indicate that online learning has both positive and negative effects on students' learning independence. Positive impacts include increased student responsibility in completing assignments, ease of accessing learning materials anytime and anywhere, and enhanced parental involvement in supporting their children's learning at home. However, negative effects were also identified, such as students' tendency to engage excessively in gaming, reduced effectiveness of the learning process, and delays in task submission due to workload accumulation. Regression analysis results show a significant influence between online learning and learning independence, although the effect is moderate to low in some cases. Factors such as learning motivation, self-efficacy, and the support of the online learning environment play crucial roles in shaping student independence. The study recommends collaboration among government, schools, teachers, parents, and the wider community to improve the quality and quantity of online learning facilities, as well as more varied learning strategies to optimally support the development of students' learning independence.

Contemporary Islamic education is an educational concept that integrates Islamic values ​​with technological advances and the needs of the times. This study aims to understand the concept of contemporary Islamic education and its implementation in the Islamic education system. Contemporary education seeks to integrate Islamic teachings with the current modern education system. Contemporary Islamic education has several advantages, such as the ability to integrate Islamic values ​​with technological advances and the needs of the times. However, contemporary Islamic education also has several challenges, such as the ability to face rapid changes in the times such as the development of science and technology, globalization and social change, the need for quality education, integration of Islamic values, and Islamic educational institutions that can answer the challenges of the times.

This article discusses "Contemporary Islamic Education Problems and Development Strategies," highlighting the various challenges faced by the Islamic education system in Indonesia. Issues such as value crisis, unclear educational goals, and curriculum inconsistency are the main focus of the analysis. The author emphasizes the importance of returning to the sources of Islamic teachings, such as the Qur'an and Hadith, to ensure that education is not only academically intelligent, but also rooted in moral and ethical values. In an effort to overcome these problems, educational development strategies that include curriculum innovation, improving teacher quality, and instilling spiritual values ​​are suggested. With a holistic approach, this article aims to provide guidance in a more relevant and effective Islamic education reform, which is able to produce a superior generation with noble character and is ready to face global challenges.

Digital bureaucracy is a new bureaucratic system that arises because of globalization, as well as a substitute for the classic bureaucratic concept, namely paper-based bureaucracy. Digital bureaucracy has a role in improving the good governance system, by increasing the four indicators of good governance principles, namely transparency, accountability, efficiency and effectiveness. Indonesia can take advantage of the existing demographic bonus. Human resource management as the foundation for running the digital governance wheel is an important key. Adoption of technology in various public service sectors and supported by human resources with high digital adaptability is expected to increase the competitiveness of our governance. The state has a goal in realizing the welfare of its people. So that the state needs to do various things in meeting the needs of the community through the implementation of public services. In order to meet the needs of the community to run well, the urgency related to the quality of public services is very large. As for what affects the quality of public services, one of them is internal factors, namely discretionary authority,actions determined, carried out by government officials to overcome concrete problems faced in the administration of government in terms of laws and regulations that provide choices, do not regulate, are incomplete or unclear,there is government stagnation. Discretion is used by the government for and on behalf of positions, carried out within the formal environment of the authority of government officials, its implementation is directed at effectiveness and efficiency, and must be in accordance with AUPB, and based on the principle of rationality. Any use of government officials' discretion is aimed at facilitating government administration, filling legal voids.

This study highlights a unique and interesting phenomenon in the realm of higher education marketing strategy. The Al-Amien Prenduan Islamic University Institute (IDIA) has successfully maintained its sustainability for over 40 years despite offering relatively affordable tuition fees. This research aims to develop a comprehensive marketing strategy for educational services at IDIA, as well as to explore the institution’s contribution to the development of service marketing in Islamic higher education. The study employs a qualitative field research approach, with data collection methods including observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed using grounded theory techniques, consisting of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. To formulate an effective marketing strategy, the research applies the marketing mix theory as a foundational framework. The educational service marketing strategy implemented at IDIA includes the provision of high-quality educational products, price humanization strategies that ensure affordability, selection of strategic campus locations, promotional activities tailored to community needs, human resource development, improvement of facilities and infrastructure, and the enhancement of service delivery systems. These strategies are designed to position IDIA as a competitive Islamic higher education institution. Furthermore, the research reveals the significant contributions of service marketing to IDIA’s growth. These include a steady increase in the number of new student enrollments, higher levels of customer satisfaction, an improved institutional image, and ongoing improvements in educational quality. Overall, this study offers valuable insights into how effective educational service marketing can support the sustainability and competitiveness of Islamic higher education institutions in Indonesia.

Language plays a crucial role in the academic world as a tool for communicating ideas and information systematically. In writing academic texts such as research proposals, the use of proper grammar in accordance with academic conventions is a fundamental aspect that must be considered. Good grammar enhances the readability of a study and clarifies the author’s intentions and objectives. Conversely, grammatical errors may lead to ambiguity, reduce the credibility of the research, and hinder readers’ understanding. This study aims to analyze the grammatical structure of a research proposal titled "Innovative Mirror Neuron Approach Based on Gender for Character Development and Scientific Communication to Support the SDGs in the Era of Society 5.0", focusing on the introductory chapter. Using a qualitative approach with textual analysis, the study examines morphological, syntactic, and discourse-level aspects of the proposal. The findings reveal that while the text generally meets academic writing standards, there are several areas that require improvement, particularly in sentence structure, conjunction usage, clarity of meaning, punctuation, and terminological consistency. This research highlights the importance of grammar mastery in academic writing and offers recommendations to enhance the linguistic quality of research proposals among students.

This research presents a personalized, context-aware recommender system to suggest Places of Interest (POIs) using a hybrid approach combining Bayesian inference and collaborative filtering. The system explicitly addresses the cold-start problem that new users face and improves recommendation accuracy by considering contextual variables such as user mood, budget, companion, and location. The system collects real-time contextual inputs for new users with no historical data and applies Bayesian inference to generate relevant POI suggestions. As users begin to interact and provide ratings, the system progressively shifts to a collaborative filtering mechanism, leveraging cosine similarity to identify similar users within comparable contexts. The recommender system focuses on three categories of POIs: restaurants, hotels, and landmarks. These locations are retrieved through the Google Maps API, and only mapped locations are considered. The system was implemented on Android devices and evaluated through a user study involving 25 participants from diverse backgrounds, including software developers, IT students, and general users. Evaluation metrics such as normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain (nDCG) and classification accuracy were used to assess recommendation quality. Results demonstrate that the system performs better than traditional methods, with nDCG improvements reaching up to 83 percent. Users reported high satisfaction regarding the recommendations' accuracy, ease of use, and contextual relevance. While the system offers significant improvements, it also has certain limitations. Its dependency on Google Maps data may restrict its scope, and using only four contextual factors limits the system’s adaptability to more complex user preferences. Future enhancements could include additional dynamic contexts such as weather, POI popularity, and time-related trends, as well as integrating more advanced models to increase personalization and flexibility in real-world applications.

The alignment of budget planning with funding sources is a crucial aspect of financial management in Islamic educational organizations to ensure operational sustainability and improve the quality of educational services. This study aims to analyze strategies that can be implemented in drafting and adjusting budget plans with various funding sources, such as government funds, zakat, infaq, waqf, community donations, and student contributions. This research employs the library research method, which involves collecting and analyzing various literature related to Islamic educational financial management. The results indicate that the principles of efficiency, effectiveness, transparency, and accountability must be applied in managing educational funds to ensure optimal budget utilization. One of the key indicators for maintaining financial balance is the budget balance ratio, which measures the extent to which an organization’s revenue can cover its expenditures. If the ratio reaches or exceeds 100%, it indicates a surplus that can be allocated for institutional development. However, if the ratio is below 100%, a deficit occurs that must be addressed immediately through cost efficiency strategies, diversification of funding sources, and optimization of productive waqf assets. This study emphasizes that a systematic and sustainable financial strategy is essential for maintaining the financial stability of Islamic educational organizations. By implementing well-structured budget planning, strict supervision, and diversified funding sources, organizations can ensure financial sustainability and enhance the overall quality of Islamic education.