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The blue economy is widely promoted as a pathway to sustainable development, yet women’s enterprises remain marginalized by structural barriers. This study investigates whether support systems directly influence the sustainability of coastal women’s businesses in Bulukumba South Sulawesi, Indonesia, while applying the Quintuple Bottom Line (QBL) and Theory of Change (Toc) frameworks. A quantitative design using survey data from women-led micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) was analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM). The model assessed the reliability of constructs and tested the hypothesized effect of support systems including access to finance, social support, and public policy on sustainability outcomes. Findings reveal that although the measurement model demonstrated reliability and validity, support systems showed no significant direct effect on sustainability. This result contrasts with much of the existing literature but aligns with recent studies emphasizing mediation through financial literacy, managerial capacity, and institutional scaffolding. The study thus adds nuance by demonstrating that external interventions, in isolation, are insufficient for sustaining women’s enterprises in coastal contexts. The research contributes theoretically by extending QBL and Toc to gendered coastal entrepreneurship and practically by highlighting the need for integrated, gender-sensitive policies. Future research should examine mediating and moderating mechanisms that translate support into long term sustainability.

The construction industry faces major challenges in managing material inventory, particularly among start-up companies that still rely on paper-based manual records. Such practices often lead to data inconsistencies, delays in decision-making, and project inefficiencies. This study aims to analyze the implementation of a cloud-based and real-time inventory management system utilizing spreadsheets at PT X, a start-up contractor located in Karanganyar, Central Java. The research employs a qualitative case study approach, with data collected through direct observation, semi-structured interviews with finance staff, logistics administration staff, and the project manager, as well as documentation of material inflows and outflows. The findings reveal that the use of cloud-based spreadsheets enhances data transparency, facilitates real-time monitoring between field and office, and accelerates stock opname validation. The system also supports more responsive decision-making regarding material reordering and request postponements. Nevertheless, several obstacles remain, including limited digital literacy among staff, potential input errors, and reliance on internet connectivity. Theoretically, this research contributes to the literature on accounting information systems and inventory management in small-scale construction sectors. Practically, it demonstrates that low-cost cloud solutions can improve operational efficiency and serve as a foundation for developing more integrated systems in the future.

Epistemology is a branch of philosophy that focuses on the nature, sources, methods, and limits of human knowledge. This article aims to examine the concept of epistemology within the context of the philosophy of science, its scope, and its relevance to the development of modern scientific thought. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach using a literature review method thatdraws upon both classical and contemporary sources in the field of the philosophy of science. The findings indicate that epistemology encompasses four main domains: the sources of knowledge, the methods of acquiring knowledge, the validity and truth of knowledge, and the limits of human understanding. In the modern context, epistemology faces new challenges such as technological advancement, scientific interdisciplinarity, and the relationship between local and global knowledge systems. The practical implications of epistemology are also evident in education through constructivism, inquiry-based learning, and epistemological literacy. Therefore, a sound understanding of epistemology serves as a crucial foundation for developing an educational and scientific system that is critical, reflective, and contextually relevant.

This study aims to improve students' understanding of figurative language material through the application of the Bus Stop cooperative learning model combined with the Frayer Diagram media. The subjects of the study were sixth-grade students of Muhammadiyah 1 Bontang Elementary School. The method used was descriptive qualitative with observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The results of the study showed that the Bus Stop strategy encouraged active interaction between students, allowing them to discuss and provide feedback to each other. Meanwhile, the Frayer Diagram helped students map the concept of figurative language visually and systematically, thus facilitating their understanding of the four types of figurative language taught, namely personification, metaphor, hyperbole, and simile. The combination of these two methods proved effective, with 90% of students showing an increase in their ability to identify and construct figurative sentences. Based on these results, the study recommends the use of cooperative strategies combined with visual media as a more meaningful and enjoyable approach to learning Indonesian, and able to increase student engagement and understanding of figurative language material.

Delays in high-rise building construction projects in Surabaya are a crucial issue as they can significantly affect cost, quality, and project completion schedules. This reserach intends to identify the dominant factors contributing to project delays using the Relative Importance Index (RII) method, considering both frequency and impact aspects. Data were obtained from 80 valid respondents who hold strategic roles in construction project implementation, such as Project Managers, Site Managers, Site Engineers, Estimators, Field Supervisors, General Managers, and Company Directors. The analysis results indicate that in terms of frequency, the dominant factors are unfavorable weather conditions (RII = 0.750), labor shortages (RII = 0.743), and design changes during construction (RII = 0.735). Meanwhile, in terms of impact, the dominant factors are delays in material delivery (RII = 0.780), labor shortages (RII = 0.770), and substandard material quality (RII = 0.740). These findings emphasize that labor shortage consistently influences project delays in both frequency and impact, while weather and material factors show different patterns between occurrence and consequence. All dominant factors were classified into the High-Medium category, indicating that they should be prioritized in project risk management.

This research aims to examine the planning, implementation, and follow-up of the principal's supervision at SD Negeri 60 Palembang in improving teacher professionalism. The focus of the research includes how the supervision planning is carried out, the implementation applied, and the forms of follow-up that contribute to the development of teacher professionalism at the school. This research is a qualitative study using ethnographic research methods because the study was conducted in a natural setting. The results of the research at SD Negeri 60 Palembang show that educational supervision is conducted according to management, with an approach of open discussion and constructive feedback principles. Although constrained by limited resources, teachers and the school investigated it creatively. The evaluation shows the implementation of directed supervision, with realistic follow-up plans and individual initiatives as strengths in improving the quality of education. Research results at SD Negeri 60 Palembang indicate that educational supervision is conducted according to management principles, with an approach of open discussion and constructive feedback. Although constrained by limited resources, teachers and the school investigated it creatively. The evaluation shows the implementation of directed supervision, with realistic follow-up plans and individual initiatives as strengths in improving the quality of education.

E-Tendering is an electronic-based procurement method that integrates all parties involved in construction projects through a digital platform, simplifying communication, document exchange, and transactions from the initial stage to project completion. The primary objective of implementing E-Tendering in the construction sector is to improve efficiency and transparency in the procurement process of goods and services. However, construction service providers often face obstacles in E-Tendering, such as limited technological proficiency, administrative errors that may disqualify bids, and technical issues like internet connectivity and platform system reliability. Therefore, this research aims to identify the barriers and level of understanding of E-Tendering among construction service providers in Surabaya. A total of 51 respondents were selected using snowball sampling, based on their participation in the E-Tendering system. Data processing in this study employed a quantitative approach using the Fuzzy AHP method to analyze the criteria and sub-criteria related to understanding and obstacles in participating in electronic construction service tenders (E-Tendering). The results of the analysis of service providers’ understanding of the E-Tendering system using the AHP method showed a λmax value of 9.09, a Consistency Index (CI) of 0.01, and a Consistency Ratio (CR) of 0.007. The CR value, which is far below the threshold of 0.10, indicates that the respondents’ assessments are consistent, meaning that the pairwise comparison results of the nine criteria can be considered valid and reliable.

This study aims to develop a social media-based learning platform, specifically an Instagram account (@AIK_Muh5), for Islamic Religious Education (AIK) at Muhammadiyah Junior High School, using the first two stages of the ADDIE model (Analysis and Design). The study is based on theoretical frameworks such as social media-based learning, the challenges of AIK in the 21st century, and educational theories like constructivism and connectivism. The platform is designed to offer interactive and engaging learning through visual content like infographics, educational videos, and Instagram’s interactive features (polls, stories, comments, and live sessions). This approach aims to enhance students' digital literacy, provide relevant content, and strengthen Islamic character. While the platform has potential, it faces limitations, including a lack of empirical data to measure its effectiveness, the risk of oversimplifying complex AIK material, and an unclear evaluation system. Additionally, access issues and age restrictions hinder its use. The study suggests continuous development, integration with face-to-face learning, and inclusive strategies to ensure equitable access for all students, positioning this platform as a model for AIK learning in the digital age.

The Daily English Quotes program was implemented to enhance the self-confidence and speaking skills of Beauty Department students at SMK Negeri 3 Palangka Raya. This activity was carried out at the end of each English lesson, where two students took turns reading inspirational English quotes aloud. Afterward, the teacher provided constructive feedback related to pronunciation, meaning, intonation, and the moral values contained in the quotes. The study applied a qualitative descriptive approach involving observation, interviews, and student reflections. The findings revealed notable improvements in students’ participation, pronunciation accuracy, fluency, and self-confidence in speaking English. The classroom atmosphere became more communicative, enjoyable, and supportive, allowing students to express themselves more freely without fear of making mistakes. Based on data from 45 students, 80% showed increased participation, 76% reported higher confidence, and 72% demonstrated better fluency. Therefore, the Daily English Quotes program proved to be an effective and sustainable strategy for fostering motivation, positive character, and communicative competence among vocational students.

This activity aims to analyze the effectiveness of waste management in optimizing production costs in the Giriloyo Batik industry, located in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. As a center for traditional batik production, Giriloyo faces environmental challenges due to the liquid waste generated from the dyeing process. This community service activity introduced hybrid constructed wetland technology as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective solution. Methods used included field observations, interviews with local artisans, and a comparative cost analysis before and after system implementation. The results showed a 30% reduction in monthly waste management costs and a significant improvement in wastewater quality, in accordance with environmental standards. Furthermore, this program increased community awareness and participation in sustainable production practices. Effective waste management not only reduces operational costs but also strengthens the long-term environmental responsibility of the small-scale batik industry. By integrating technology with community involvement, the program provides a sustainable model for waste management in similar artisanal sectors, contributing to both economic and environmental benefits.

This study examines the influence of Instagram on college students' lifestyles, focusing on the discrepancy between reality and expectations formed on social media. Instagram has become an important part of college students' lives, not only as a means of communication but also as a medium for constructing self-identity and social image. Through photo and video uploads, many students strive to project an ideal life filled with happiness and success, although this does not always align with reality. This phenomenon gives rise to social pressure, self-dissatisfaction, and a tendency towards a consumerist lifestyle driven by the desire to conform to popular trends. However, Instagram also has a positive side. If used wisely, this medium can be a source of inspiration, learning, and creativity development for students. Therefore, Instagram's influence on college students' lifestyles is largely determined by the user's level of awareness and maturity in balancing the virtual world and real life.

The form of historicization in literary criminology views criminality as the result of power relations, unequal social structures, and history. Criminal acts in historicization are always placed in a specific time and place context, tracing how a behavior is considered “criminal” or “against the law” depending on the historical construction formed by the legal system, the state, and the rulers. Historicization also reveals that what is referred to as crime is not absolute, but can change according to historical developments and power struggles. The purpose of this study is to describe the form of criminalization in the novel Lampuki, which is not merely an individual deviant act, but a reflection of historical trauma and a flawed social structure. The approach used is literary sociology. This study uses a descriptive-qualitative method with reading and note-taking techniques obtained from the novel Lampuki by Arafat Nur in the form of sentences and paragraphs. The results of the study show that there are seven data points that fall under the form of criminalization of history. From the seven data points, three findings were generalized and discovered in Arafat Nur novel Lampuki, namely: (1) transgenerational trauma of violence, (2) the destruction of the socio-cultural structure, and (3) dark figure of crime.

This study aims to examine in depth the learning strategies implemented in the Bilingual-A class to develop early childhood language skills. The development of language skills in early childhood is an important aspect to consider, as language functions as the main medium for children to communicate, think, and express their feelings and ideas. However, language development problems often arise due to a lack of sufficient linguistic stimulation, both at home and in the learning environment. To address this issue, the study employs a descriptive qualitative approach through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving teachers and children in the Bilingual-A class at RA Masjid Al-Akbar Surabaya. Through this approach, the researcher seeks to obtain a clear picture of how bilingual learning strategies are applied in daily classroom activities. The findings reveal that the applied learning strategies include communicative approaches, the use of enjoyable bilingual songs and games, and various visual media such as pictures, word cards, and teaching aids. The implementation of these strategies has proven effective in enhancing children’s vocabulary mastery, sentence construction ability, and confidence in communicating using two languages. These findings highlight the crucial role of teachers in designing engaging, interactive, and developmentally appropriate learning activities that holistically support children’s language growth.  

This study is motivated by the negative perception among some Christians who regard philosophy as a threat to faith and theology, even believing that it can undermine conviction and reduce the truth of Scripture. Using a qualitative research method based on a literature study that collects and analyzes various relevant sources, this research aims to re-examine the relationship between philosophy, theology, and Christian Religious Education, as well as to explore the constructive role of philosophy in enriching the understanding of faith. The findings reveal that philosophy functions as a preparation evangelica - a “rational foundation that prepares one to receive faith” - rather than as an antagonist. Furthermore, the study emphasizes that the integration of philosophy and theology produces a critical and reflective educational approach that deepens the knowledge of God and fosters a dynamic Christian Religious Education. Thus, this research offers a new perspective that reconciles philosophy and faith, and recommends ongoing dialogue between the two for the advancement of theology and Christian education.

Low science learning outcomes at the junior high school level are a major problem caused by the dominance of conventional, teacher-centered teaching methods. The purpose of this study is to examine various innovative learning strategies, how effective they are, and their impact on student learning outcomes. The literature review method was used to review national and international articles published between 2020 and 2025 that discuss the application of innovation-based learning strategies in science. The strategy patterns, implementation effectiveness, and their impact on student learning outcomes were analysed using content analysis techniques. The research findings indicate that strategies such as problem-based learning (PBL), project-based learning (PjBL), discovery learning, environmental-based learning, and cooperative learning using the Think-Pair-Share (TPS) method are effective in increasing students' motivation and activity, as well as their learning outcomes in the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. Generally speaking, the strategies are all student-centered. This is demonstrated by the constructivist approach, which emphasises contextual and collaborative learning. The results of this study indicate that implementing a creative learning approach can be an effective way to improve the quality of science learning and student learning outcomes in junior high school.

This study examines the management of Village Funds in supporting infrastructure development in Sumurgenuk Village, Lamongan Regency. The main focus of the study is the effectiveness of Village Fund management through planning, implementation, evaluation, supervision, and accountability based on the principles of good governance. The method used is a case study with a descriptive qualitative approach. The results show that the management of Village Funds in Sumurgenuk Village has been running well and in accordance with applicable regulations. The planning process was carried out in a participatory manner, although not evenly distributed across all hamlets. The implementation of physical activities, such as road construction, irrigation, and cash-for-work programs, has had a positive impact on accessibility, agricultural productivity, and community welfare. Evaluation, supervision, and accountability are carried out in layers, although there are obstacles in the equal distribution of public information and the capacity of village officials. Overall, the management of Village Funds reflects the principles of transparency, accountability, participation, and effectiveness, but increasing the capacity of officials and community participation is still needed for sustainable development.

Selecting a faculty that aligns with students’ interests and talents is a strategic step in determining the success of higher education and future career paths. However, most vocational high school (SMK) students still face difficulties in identifying the most suitable faculty due to the lack of data-driven analysis. This study implements the C4.5 classification algorithm within data mining techniques to build an automatic and measurable faculty recommendation system. The dataset consists of attributes such as SMK major, interest level, aptitude test results, academic grade average, and gender, with the output being the recommended faculty. The C4.5 algorithm was chosen for its ability to generate a transparent and interpretable decision tree, which helps both guidance counselors and students understand the rationale behind the recommendations. The experimental results show that the constructed classification model achieved an accuracy rate of 88%, based on cross-validation testing using data from 12th-grade students. The implementation of this system is expected to serve as an objective tool in the faculty selection process and to promote a data-driven decision-making approach in secondary education environments.

This community service activity aims to introduce the use of the PhET virtual laboratory and to identify students’ responses to the PhET-based virtual laboratory training in empowering students at SMA Negeri 1 Unaaha. The program also seeks to address the issue of limited science practicum facilities in the partner school. The study employed a descriptive quantitative design involving a single group of 23 participants from grades X to XII in the science stream. Participants took part in several sessions, including orientation, demonstration, and exploration of the Build an Atom and Circuit Construction Kit: DC simulations. Research data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire consisting of 30 items covering six main indicators: conceptual understanding, motivation, activeness, interest, ability to operate PhET, and learning satisfaction. All questionnaire results were converted into percentages for each indicator. The analysis showed an average response rate of 86.67%, with details as follows: interest 92%, activeness 90%, motivation 88%, satisfaction 89%, operational ability 83%, and conceptual understanding 78%. These findings indicate a very positive acceptance and significant reinforcement in the affective, participatory, and technical skill aspects of the students.

Puddles after rainfall remain a common environmental issue in urban areas, including in higher education environments. At Sultan Syarif Kasim State Islamic University (UIN Suska) Riau, post-rain flooding often disrupts academic activities and reduces comfort among campus residents. This study aims to identify the locations of post-rain flooding, analyze the contributing factors, and explore the perspectives and proposed solutions of the campus community through a participatory mapping approach. The study employed a qualitative descriptive method supported by Geographic Information System (GIS) spatial analysis. Data were collected through field observations, interviews with students, lecturers, and staff, and GPS-based flood point mapping. Results show that puddles frequently occur in main parking areas, inter-faculty roads, and flat areas around the Student Activity Center. The main causes include inadequate drainage systems, clogged channels due to waste, limited infiltration zones, and impervious surfaces. The campus community suggested solutions such as improving drainage, constructing infiltration wells, and adopting the green campus concept. Participatory mapping proved effective not only for identifying environmental problems but also for raising ecological awareness and shared responsibility among the academic community.

Symbolic interactionism is an approach that examines how symbols and meanings are created through interactions between individuals within a learning context. This approach explores how individuals use symbols to communicate, interact, and understand the world around them. In the context of the learning process, symbolic interactionist analysis can provide a deep understanding of how learning occurs through interactions between teachers and students, as well as among students themselves. Through this analysis, we can observe how symbols such as language, gestures, and expressions are used to communicate ideas and concepts being taught in the classroom. Additionally, symbolic interactionist analysis can also help us understand how individuals construct their identities within the learning environment. In the modern era of education, the interaction between teachers and students has become one of the crucial aspects of the learning process. Through social interaction and the use of symbols, individuals can shape their perceptions of themselves and how they are viewed by others. This can affect their motivation and engagement in learning. Thus, symbolic interactionist analysis offers valuable insights into understanding the learning process and how interactions between individuals play a key role in the construction of meaning and understanding. Through this understanding, we can improve the quality of learning and provide more meaningful learning experiences for students. Communication does not only occur through words but also through nonverbal communication, including facial expressions, body movements, and other gestures. Therefore, this study aims to analyze how symbolic interactionism plays a role in learning and how nonverbal communication influences the dynamics of classroom interaction.