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This study aims to analyze the quality of notarial services in the drafting of sale and purchase deeds at the Office of Notary–PPAT Pramudita Kartikasari, S.H., M.Kn., with a focus on factors influencing client satisfaction. The research background is grounded in the essential role of notaries in ensuring legal certainty in land transactions, which requires services that are prompt, transparent, and professional. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s interactive model. The findings indicate that service quality can be explained through the five SERVQUAL dimensions. In terms of tangibles, physical facilities were considered adequate, although the waiting area and technological equipment remained limited. The reliability dimension showed that deeds produced were legally valid and accurate, yet completion time was not always consistent. Responsiveness was generally satisfactory, though online responses were less prompt. Assurance emerged as the main strength, as the notary was able to provide legal certainty, clear explanations, and professional conduct, while empathy was reflected through attentiveness, flexibility, and personalized care for clients. Assurance and empathy were found to be dominant in enhancing satisfaction, whereas tangibles, reliability, and responsiveness require improvement. The study implies the need for facility improvements, better time management, and standardized communication, while maintaining legal certainty and empathy as the core values of notarial service.

The integration of language and culture plays a crucial role in shaping the complexity of human cognitive processes. Language acts not only as a means of conveying messages but also as a conceptual system that influences how individuals construct mental representations, process information, and reason. Culture, on the other hand, provides a set of values, norms, and thought patterns that shape attention, interpretation of experiences, and strategies for understanding the social world. A review of literature from the fields of linguistic relativity, cultural psychology, neurolinguistics, and cross-cultural cognition found that differences in language structure, bilingual experience, and cultural value orientations result in variations in perception, memory, and executive function. Neurocognitive findings indicate that the influence of language and culture is evident down to the level of brain activation. Furthermore, the sociocultural approach emphasizes the role of language as a mediating tool in the process of internalizing values ​​and developing higher-order cognitive abilities. Thus, human cognition is the result of a dynamic interaction between language, culture, and social experience.

This study aims to describe the perspectives of economic actors regarding the importance of money in daily interactions and transactions. Money, as a medium of exchange, not only facilitates the transfer of goods and services but also shapes more efficient and structured economic behavior. In everyday activities, economic actors view money as an instrument that provides value certainty, transactional convenience, and flexibility in managing needs and expenditures. The role of money is also understood as a factor influencing socio-economic relationships, as interactions between individuals are often grounded in transactional processes that require trust and universally accepted exchange values. Furthermore, the development of payment technologies has broadened economic actors’ understanding of money, especially within the context of digitalized transactions. This study illustrates that money is not merely a transactional tool but also a crucial element in shaping the socio-economic dynamics of modern society. The findings are expected to contribute to microeconomic discussions related to how economic actors utilize money as a fundamental instrument in daily economic activities.

PT. Batam Mitra Suplindo is a company engaged in ship agency services. The ship agency service process at PT. Batam Mitra Suplindo starts from the initial arrival of the ship, loading and unloading activities, until the ship departs to the next destination port. Ship to Ship (STS) transfer is a method of transferring cargo between ships that requires careful coordination and supervision, especially in handling Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) cargo, which is volatile and high-risk. As one of the ship agency companies in the Batam waters area, PT. Batam Mitra Suplindo plays an important role in supporting the smooth process of Ship to Ship (STS) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG). This paper aims to comprehensively examine the Ship to Ship (STS) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) handling process carried out by PT. Batam Mitra Suplindo, covering the planning stage, coordination with related institutions, technical implementation, and post-transfer evaluation. The research method used is field research, observation, and library research. The research results show that the success of Ship to Ship (STS) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) highly depends on compliance with standard operating procedures (SOP), readiness of licensing documents, and synergy with the Port Health Office, Harbour Master, and ship operators.

The position of judges in the process of proving civil cases occupies a fundamental role in upholding justice and legal certainty within the Indonesian judicial system. This study aims to examine the judge’s position, duties, and authority in the evidentiary process of civil cases through a literature review focusing on doctrines and jurisprudence. Using a normative juridical method with a library research approach, this paper analyzes legal theories, statutory provisions, and judicial precedents that regulate evidentiary procedures in civil law. The findings show that a judge is not merely a passive law enforcer but an active truth-seeker who must interpret and assess evidence based on principles of fairness, propriety, and moral values. The judge’s discretion in evaluating evidence reflects the responsibility to harmonize formal legal norms with the pursuit of substantive justice. Jurisprudence demonstrates that judges play an essential role in shaping evidentiary standards and ensuring that court decisions reflect the ideals of justice and legal certainty. The study concludes that the authority and independence of judges are crucial in realizing a fair trial, as they ensure that decisions are based on verified facts, logical reasoning, and moral responsibility. Strengthening the professionalism and integrity of judges is necessary to guarantee that the evidentiary process in civil proceedings fulfills the principles of equality before the law and promotes justice in society. 

The innovation of learning-based instructional videos holds great potential to enhance interaction during the learning process. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using learning-based videos compared to traditional teaching methods. Using a qualitative approach with classroom action research (CAR), data were collected from 91 students across two schools through questionnaires and direct observation. The findings reveal that video usage not only enhances students’ learning motivation but also fosters active engagement in class discussions. Visually and interactively presented videos assist students in understanding complex concepts, despite challenges such as technological limitations and insufficient teacher training. This study concludes that the innovation of video-based learning significantly contributes to improving teaching effectiveness and student motivation, emphasizing the need for improved technological infrastructure and teacher training to optimize technology-based learning.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan proses pemanfaatan teknologi dalam budaya islam menurut perspektif buya hamka, dengan teknologi yang semakin berkembang dan modern membuat budaya islam lebih dikenal secara luas dan mudah, melalui perspektif buya hamka ini islam tidak melarang umat islam untuk ketingglan zaman, asalkan setiap budaya yang dihasilkan dan disebar luskan bisa sesuai syariat islam , sehingga jauh dari kata maksiat dan menyesatkan serta tidak melanggar syariat islam. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif untuk mengeksplorasi kontribusi teknologi dalam penyebaran budaya Islam menurut pandangan Buya Hamka. Proses pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui  sistem observasi, wawancara, dan analisis dokumen, yang kemudian dianalisis dengan cara deskriptif merujuk pada teori-teori keislaman dari Buya Hamka. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Buya Hamka melihat teknologi sebagai sarana yang dapat memperkuat nilai iman dan moral, serta menyebarluaskan ajaran Islam secara inovatif dan interaktif. Pandangannya menekankan pentingnya menemukan keseimbangan antara perkembangan teknologi dan kemajuan spiritual agar teknologi dapat digunakan secara efektif dalam kegiatan dakwah dan pendidikan Islam. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan relevansi pemikiran Buya Hamka dalam era digital saat ini, di mana media digital memiliki peranan yang signifikan dalam menjangkau masyarakat luas dengan cara yang humanis dan dialogis, sejalan dengan nilai-nilai moral dan budaya Islam.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi pemasaran digital melalui Instagram dalam meningkatkan penjualan pada UMKM Kedai 2 Putri di Desa Sipodeceng, Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang. Latar belakang penelitian didasari oleh fenomena meningkatnya penggunaan media sosial sebagai sarana promosi bisnis, khususnya di kalangan UMKM yang membutuhkan strategi efektif untuk menjangkau konsumen lebih luas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif, di mana data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi yang melibatkan pemilik, karyawan, serta pelanggan Kedai 2 Putri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi pemasaran digital yang diterapkan melalui Instagram meliputi empat indikator utama, yaitu pembuatan konten (content creation), berbagi konten (content sharing), membangun interaksi (connecting), dan pembangunan komunitas (community building). Dari keempat indikator tersebut, pembuatan konten menjadi faktor paling dominan dalam menarik minat konsumen dan memperkuat citra merek, karena visual produk yang menarik dan konsistensi unggahan terbukti mampu meningkatkan interaksi serta mendorong keputusan pembelian. Selain itu, strategi pemasaran digital juga diperkuat oleh elemen bauran pemasaran (7P) yang mencakup produk, harga, tempat, promosi, orang, proses, dan bukti fisik. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa pemanfaatan Instagram secara optimal dapat meningkatkan visibilitas, keterlibatan pelanggan, serta penjualan UMKM.

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi dinamika integrasi strategis antara pemasaran digital dan manajemen keuangan pada Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) di Indonesia dalam konteks transformasi digital. Melalui pendekatan library research dengan orientasi eksploratori-deskriptif, studi ini menganalisis secara komprehensif berbagai sumber primer terkini yang membahas fenomena adopsi teknologi digital dan implementasi manajemen keuangan pada UMKM Indonesia periode 2019-2024. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi bahwa meskipun terdapat kesadaran substansial terhadap urgensi transformasi digital di kalangan pelaku UMKM, variasi signifikan teridentifikasi dalam tingkat adopsi dan optimalisasi teknologi digital—dengan platform media sosial seperti Instagram, TikTok, dan Facebook menjadi instrumen dominan dalam strategi pemasaran. Dalam dimensi manajemen keuangan, literasi finansial dan implementasi sistem pencatatan terdigitalisasi terungkap sebagai determinan fundamental bagi keberlanjutan operasional. Interelasi antara pemasaran digital dan manajemen keuangan termanifestasi dalam adopsi sistem pembayaran digital, pengelolaan konten strategis berbasis efisiensi finansial, dan standardisasi proses bisnis terintegrasi. Model pengembangan kapasitas yang direkomendasikan mencakup pelatihan komprehensif, pendampingan berkelanjutan, kolaborasi ekosistemik, standardisasi proses, dan integrasi strategi mitigasi risiko. Implikasi strategis dari integrasi ini meliputi optimalisasi alokasi sumber daya, penguatan kapasitas pengambilan keputusan berbasis data integratif, konstruksi model bisnis responsif, peningkatan keberlanjutan finansial, dan akselerasi skalabilitas bisnis. Temuan ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan kerangka konseptual tentang transformasi digital UMKM dalam konteks negara berkembang dan menyediakan landasan empiris bagi formulasi kebijakan dan strategi bisnis yang memperkuat daya saing UMKM Indonesia di era digital.

Beban gempa merupakan representasi dari beban statik ekuivalen yang diaplikasikan pada seluruh bagian struktur bangunan atau pada bagian tertentu, dengan tujuan menirukan efek gerakan tanah akibat aktivitas seismik. Di antara berbagai metode analisis, analisis time history dikenal sebagai teknik yang paling presisi dalam memprediksi respons struktur terhadap gempa. Namun, penerapan metode ini memerlukan proses perhitungan yang kompleks dan cukup menyita waktu. Untuk menyederhanakan proses tersebut, digunakan pendekatan analisis statik ekuivalen, yang terbukti cukup efektif, khususnya pada struktur bangunan yang bersifat simetris. Prosedur perhitungan dalam metode ini mencakup evaluasi gaya geser serta simpangan antar lantai, dengan studi kasus berupa gedung perkantoran yang berlokasi di Kota Semarang. Perangkat lunak SAP2000 dimanfaatkan sebagai alat bantu dalam melakukan analisis tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, gaya geser dan simpangan antar lantai yang diperoleh telah sesuai dan memenuhi ketentuan yang ditetapkan dalam standar SNI 1726:2019 untuk bangunan gedung.

Penelitian ini menganalisis kekuatan pondasi tiang pancang pada proyek pembangunan Apartemen Arjuna Bima di Kabupaten Sleman. Penyidikan tanah menggunakan boring pada titik B2 menunjukkan bahwa lapisan tanah keras maksimum berada pada kedalaman 25 meter, sementara hasil bor tangan mengidentifikasi tanah berupa pasir sedang berwarna coklat keabu-abuan. Tiang pancang dipilih karena kemampuannya untuk memadatkan tanah pasir sedang selama proses pemancangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data sekunder melalui studi literatur dan dokumentasi. Semua perhitungan dilakukan menggunakan metode Meyerhof, sedangkan analisis pembebanan struktur dilakukan dengan perangkat lunak ETABS v22. Analisis ini mencakup perhitungan kapasitas dukung aksial, kapasitas dukung lateral, dan penurunan pondasi akibat beban struktur atas. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa beban aksial (P) sebesar 710,77 ton. Kapasitas dukung aksial kelompok tiang pancang (Qg) dengan diameter 80 cm, 60 cm, dan 42,9 cm pada kedalaman 20 m berturut-turut adalah 2.125,87 ton; 1.347,68 ton; dan 710,51 ton. Kapasitas dukung lateral (Hg) untuk ukuran tiang yang sama berturut-turut adalah 1.169,9 ton; 877,4 ton; dan 627,4 ton. Penurunan pondasi kelompok tiang (Sg) masing-masing adalah 2,46 cm; 2,1 cm; dan 2,03 cm. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, pondasi tiang pancang dengan diameter 80 cm dan 60 cm memenuhi syarat keamanan baik dari segi kapasitas dukung aksial maupun lateral, serta penurunan pondasi. Namun, untuk tiang pancang dengan diameter 42,9 cm, kapasitas dukung aksial tidak memenuhi syarat keamanan (Qg < P), sehingga tidak direkomendasikan untuk digunakan.

This study aims to analyze the contributions and controversies of Orientalist interpretation in the process of reforming modern Islamic thought, particularly in the Indonesian academic and intellectual context. This study uses library research methods by examining a number of scholarly articles and books discussing the influence of Orientalism on the study of interpretation and hadith. The results show that the Orientalist approach, through historical-critical, philological, and hermeneutical methods, has made a significant contribution to the expansion of a more contextual and rational interpretation methodology. This approach has encouraged the emergence of a new epistemological awareness among Muslim commentators and thinkers in examining sacred texts more scientifically and openly to modern realities. However, this study also uncovered a number of fundamental controversies. Orientalists are often seen as reducing sacred texts to mere historical artifacts and are considered to carry ideological biases and colonial missions that have the potential to shift the authenticity of revelation and local Islamic identity. Thus, the reform of modern Islamic thought ideally does not reject all Orientalist approaches, but rather carries out critical integration while maintaining a balance between scientific methodology and normative faith. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of developing a contextual interpretation of the Nusantara that utilizes the advantages of orientalist methodology without losing the roots of Islamic tradition.

The digital era requires companies to adapt to modern, efficient, and accurate taxation systems. This study aims to analyze the implementation of an integrated system to optimize tax administration processes in a port service company in Indonesia. The focus of this research is to examine how the integration of systems such as SAP, Coretax, Microsoft Excel, and digital banking platforms is utilized to manage Income Tax Article 23 (PPh 23), Value Added Tax (VAT), and the tax reimbursement process. This study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive case study design, conducted through participatory observation, document analysis, and informal interviews with employees directly involved in tax administration. The results indicate that the integrated system positively impacts the efficiency, consistency, and reliability of tax administration processes. It helps streamline workflows and accelerate tax reporting, particularly in managing PPh 23 and VAT. However, weaknesses remain in the manual data recap stage using Microsoft Excel, which is prone to human error due to the absence of automatic validation mechanisms. Therefore, this study recommends developing a standardized Excel template equipped with automatic validation features and providing training for staff to enhance data accuracy and administrative effectiveness. These findings are expected to serve as a practical reference for other companies in implementing an integrated taxation system that is optimal and sustainable, as well as encouraging increased efficiency and compliance with tax administration in the corporate environment.

This study aims to describe the role of digital media in the dynamics of teaching and learning interactions in educational environments. The development of information and communication technology has brought about significant changes in the learning system, where digital media has now become an integral part of teaching and learning activities. The research method used was descriptive qualitative, with data collected through journals and books related to digital-based learning. The results indicate that digital media plays a significant role in increasing the effectiveness and flexibility of the learning process. Digital media helps teachers deliver material more engagingly, facilitates two-way communication between teachers and students, and supports faster and more efficient learning evaluation. However, the use of digital media also creates new dynamics, such as reduced direct social interaction and the emergence of challenges in maintaining student learning motivation. The effectiveness of digital learning is greatly influenced by teachers' digital literacy readiness, student discipline, and the support of school infrastructure and policies.

This study analyzes the influence of internal operational variables—Process, Service Quality, and Facilities—on the Export Performance of PT. Panah Perdana Logisindo, a freight forwarding company in Semarang. Maritime logistics plays a crucial role in national competitiveness, but company performance often faces challenges amidst the complexity of global supply chains . Employing a quantitative approach with a sample of 100 export service users, multiple linear regression analysis indicates that all three independent variables positively and significantly affect Export Performance (Y). The results reveal that Process has the most dominant influence (\beta=0.309), followed closely by Facilities (\beta=0.302) and Service Quality (\beta=0.255). The model explains 53.0% of the variance in the company's Export Performance (Raja Ferry, 2025 2). These findings confirm the necessity of strengthening micro-operational aspects (efficient procedures, robust networks, and staff professionalism) as a core strategy for enhancing profitability and customer loyalty amidst macro-logistical challenges in Indonesia.

The implementation of educational policies in schools plays a pivotal role in improving the quality of teaching and learning processes. The success of these policies is determined by the readiness of educational institutions, the professional competence of teachers, and the active involvement of various supporting stakeholders. Each of these elements significantly contributes to the effectiveness of learning outcomes in the classroom. However, policy implementation often faces challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, lack of comprehensive teacher training, and a mismatch between national policies and the specific needs of local educational contexts. In this regard, schools must be able to adapt policy frameworks to suit their unique environments, ensuring that the goals of the policy are effectively aligned with students’ learning needs. Teachers play a central role as key implementers who are not only required to understand the substance of educational policies but also to apply them creatively and contextually in their classrooms. Their ability to interpret and operationalize these policies directly affects the quality of educational delivery. Furthermore, continuous evaluation is essential to measure the extent to which policies have been effectively implemented. This evaluation process serves not only as a feedback mechanism but also as a basis for future policy adjustments and improvements. It enables stakeholders to identify gaps, assess outcomes, and refine strategies to ensure sustainable educational development. In conclusion, effective policy implementation requires a holistic approach that involves institutional preparedness, teacher capability, stakeholder support, contextual adaptation, and ongoing evaluation. Without these elements working in synergy, even well-formulated policies may fall short in achieving their intended impact on educational quality and student success.

This study aims to analyze work time efficiency and determine standard time in the furniture production process at CV. JM Putra using the Time and Motion Study method. The background of this study stems from the problem of low production time efficiency due to suboptimal work methods, ineffective work area layout, and a lack of systematic work time measurement. The research was conducted quantitatively and descriptively through direct observation, interviews, and time measurements using a stopwatch for the table production process, which consisted of five main activities. The results showed that the average total cycle time for one table unit was 347.25 minutes, with the activity of assembling the table frame being the longest activity at 120.13 minutes or about 34.6% of the total working time. After performance assessment and the addition of a 15.5% allowance factor, the standard time was obtained at 129.03 minutes. These results indicate that the activity of assembling the table frame is the most critical point that affects production efficiency. The implications of this study show the importance of improving work methods, area layout, and operator training to increase labor productivity. The application of standard time measurement results can be used as a basis for setting work standards, production capacity planning, and a more objective labor incentive system.

Notarial deeds as authentic instruments hold a crucial role in Indonesia’s civil law evidence system, providing perfect proof under Article 1868 of the Civil Code. However, in practice, such deeds are often denied by one party in court, raising debates about the certainty of their evidentiary power. This study examines the legal consequences of denying a notarial deed for the parties in litigation and the assurance of legal certainty for those holding such deeds. Using R. Soeroso’s Theory of Legal Consequences and Jan Michael Otto’s Theory of Legal Certainty, this normative juridical research employs statutory, conceptual, analytical, and case approaches, with literature-based data collection and interpretative legal analysis. The findings reveal that denial of a notarial deed may create new legal relationships, alter good-faith relations into disputes, and result in sanctions imposed by court rulings. Meanwhile, legal certainty remains guaranteed, as authentic deed regulations are clear, binding, and enforceable, serving as a guideline in resolving disputes and upholding sanctions.  

Symbolic interactionism is an approach that examines how symbols and meanings are created through interactions between individuals within a learning context. This approach explores how individuals use symbols to communicate, interact, and understand the world around them. In the context of the learning process, symbolic interactionist analysis can provide a deep understanding of how learning occurs through interactions between teachers and students, as well as among students themselves. Through this analysis, we can observe how symbols such as language, gestures, and expressions are used to communicate ideas and concepts being taught in the classroom. Additionally, symbolic interactionist analysis can also help us understand how individuals construct their identities within the learning environment. In the modern era of education, the interaction between teachers and students has become one of the crucial aspects of the learning process. Through social interaction and the use of symbols, individuals can shape their perceptions of themselves and how they are viewed by others. This can affect their motivation and engagement in learning. Thus, symbolic interactionist analysis offers valuable insights into understanding the learning process and how interactions between individuals play a key role in the construction of meaning and understanding. Through this understanding, we can improve the quality of learning and provide more meaningful learning experiences for students. Communication does not only occur through words but also through nonverbal communication, including facial expressions, body movements, and other gestures. Therefore, this study aims to analyze how symbolic interactionism plays a role in learning and how nonverbal communication influences the dynamics of classroom interaction.

The implementation of Biology learning in senior high schools still faces various challenges, particularly the limitations of laboratory facilities and the low level of students’ science process skills(KPS). KPS  is an essential ability that supports conceptual understanding and critical thinking development through practical activities. This community service program aimed to improve students’ basic laboratory skills and KPS through hands-on training. The program was conducted at the Biology Education Laboratory of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Kuningan University, involving students from SMAN 1 Ciwaru. The methods included socialization, laboratory equipment training, preparation of practical materials, animal dissection training, application of virtual laboratory technology, and mentoring and evaluation sessions. The results showed a significant improvement in students’ abilities to use laboratory tools, prepare materials, and perform experiments according to scientific procedures. Before the training, only 32% of students were able to use laboratory equipment correctly, while after the training, this increased to 84%. The average scores for observation, measurement, data interpretation, and scientific communication also improved significantly. Furthermore, a satisfaction survey revealed an average score of 4.6 out of 5, with 92% of participants stating that the activity was very beneficial. This program proved effective in enhancing students’ basic laboratory and science process skills, providing meaningful, applicable, and sustainable science learning experiences. Keywords: : training, basic skills, laboratory, science process skills, biology.