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This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of digital marketing and customer trust on customer satisfaction at the Jastipyane.mof courier/jastip service business in Maumere. The background of this research is based on the rapid growth of the personal shopper (jastip) business, which increasingly relies on digital technology for marketing activities, and the critical importance of building customer trust in online transactions. The problems identified at Jastipyane.mof include sub-optimal digital marketing management, slow response to customer inquiries, and a satisfaction performance gap discovered during pre-survey. This study utilizes a quantitative approach with a survey method. The population consists of all 1,990 customers of Jastipyane.mof in Maumere. The sampling technique employed was purposive sampling, resulting in 95 respondents calculated via the Slovin formula. Data analysis techniques include descriptive statistics, validity and reliability testing, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, t-test, F-test, and the coefficient of determination administered via SPSS. The results demonstrate that digital marketing has a positive and significant partial effect on customer satisfaction. Customer trust also exerts a positive and significant partial impact on customer satisfaction. Simultaneously, digital marketing and customer trust have a positive and significant combined effect on customer satisfaction at Jastipyane.mof in Maumere.

Chronic kidney disease is one of the global health problems that requires long-term therapy, one of which is through hemodialysis. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), adherence to treatment and diet is a key factor in improving the quality of life for patients with chronic diseases. An appropriate diet plays an important role in controlling electrolyte levels, fluids, and toxic substances in the body. This study aims to describe the knowledge and dietary compliance of patients undergoing hemodialysis at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2025.This research used a descriptive quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 36 patients selected using purposive sampling techniques. The research instrument was a questionnaire developed based on dietary guidelines for hemodialysis patients according to WHO and the Indonesian Ministry of Health standards. The results showed that among the 36 hemodialysis patients, 15 respondents (41.7%) had a good level of knowledge, 14 respondents (38.9%) had a moderate level, and 7 respondents (19.4%) had a low level of knowledge. Regarding dietary compliance, 13 respondents (36.1%) were compliant, 18 respondents (50.0%) were moderately compliant, and 3 respondents (13.9%) were non-compliant. There was a tendency showing that higher knowledge levels were positively correlated with better dietary compliance, in line with WHO’s principle that health education is an essential intervention in managing chronic diseases. This study recommends strengthening ongoing educational programs by healthcare professionals, particularly in delivering accurate and easy-to-understand information about diet management for hemodialysis patients.

This study aims to analyze the role of assessment in decision-making within guidance and counseling services. Assessment plays a crucial role in providing accurate, objective, and comprehensive data regarding students’ characteristics, needs, and problems. This research employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method by analyzing 25 relevant scholarly sources related to assessment, measurement, and counseling services. The findings indicate that measurement serves as the fundamental basis of assessment, which involves systematic processes to obtain quantitative data. The quality of assessment results is highly influenced by the reliability and validity of the instruments used. Reliable instruments ensure consistency, while valid instruments ensure accuracy in measuring intended variables. Furthermore, assessment functions as a basis for diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation of guidance and counseling services. The study also reveals that the application of assessment in schools is not yet optimal due to several factors, including limited counselor competence and lack of effective use of instruments. In addition, the integration of technology and the use of both test and non-test instruments have been shown to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of assessment. In conclusion, systematic and well-implemented assessment significantly enhances the quality of decision-making in guidance and counseling services. Therefore, improving counselors’ competencies and optimizing the use of assessment instruments are essential to support more effective counseling practices

Chronic kidney disease is one of the global health problems that requires long-term therapy, one of which is through hemodialysis. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), adherence to treatment and diet is a key factor in improving the quality of life for patients with chronic diseases. An appropriate diet plays an important role in controlling electrolyte levels, fluids, and toxic substances in the body. This study aims to describe the knowledge and dietary compliance of patients undergoing hemodialysis at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2025.This research used a descriptive quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 36 patients selected using purposive sampling techniques. The research instrument was a questionnaire developed based on dietary guidelines for hemodialysis patients according to WHO and the Indonesian Ministry of Health standards. The results showed that among the 36 hemodialysis patients, 15 respondents (41.7%) had a good level of knowledge, 14 respondents (38.9%) had a moderate level, and 7 respondents (19.4%) had a low level of knowledge. Regarding dietary compliance, 13 respondents (36.1%) were compliant, 18 respondents (50.0%) were moderately compliant, and 3 respondents (13.9%) were non-compliant. There was a tendency showing that higher knowledge levels were positively correlated with better dietary compliance, in line with WHO’s principle that health education is an essential intervention in managing chronic diseases. This study recommends strengthening ongoing educational programs by healthcare professionals, particularly in delivering accurate and easy-to-understand information about diet management for hemodialysis patients.

Population administration services are essential public services that fulfill the civil rights of the community. However, the process of changing Family Card (KK) data at the village level often faces problems, such as complicated procedures and limited access to services. With the development of information technology, village governments are required to implement digital-based service innovations through a digital governance approach. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of digital governance implementation in population administration services through the LAPAK SARAH application for Family Card data changes in Dayu Village, Nglegok District, Blitar Regency. The approach used in this study is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Research informants included village officials and community members as service users. The results showed that the use of the LAPAK SARAH application could improve the performance of population administration services, as indicated by faster service times, easier access, and increased service transparency and accountability. From a digital governance perspective, the role of village officials, cooperation with the Population and Civil Registration Office, and community participation improved service quality. However, this study also found obstacles such as limited digital literacy among the community, differences in village device capacity, and technical infrastructure constraints. The success of digital population administration services at the village level is not only determined by the use of technology, but also by the quality of governance and the readiness of the parties involved.

The establishment of national territorial boundaries is a strategic priority to safeguard sovereignty, maintain security stability, and strengthen bilateral relations between Indonesia and Malaysia as well as Timor-Leste. As of 2024, there remain nine Outstanding Boundary Problems (OBP) with Malaysia and two unresolved segments with Timor-Leste. These issues stem from the continued relevance of outdated colonial agreements, limited diplomatic capacity, weak inter-agency coordination, and minimal support from modern surveying technology. Based on an analysis of four policy alternatives using the criteria of effectiveness, efficiency, and long-term impact, the Strengthening of Intensive Bilateral Diplomacy has been identified as the priority policy. Implementation is directed to the Badan Nasional Pengelola Perbatasan (BNPP) as the main coordinator, supported by regulatory frameworks, diplomatic resources, and cross-ministerial/institutional coordination. Through this strategy, the resolution of pending boundary segments can be accelerated, legal certainty over national territory can be strengthened, security stability in border areas can be improved, and bilateral relations can become closer. Furthermore, Indonesia needs to strengthen diplomatic strategies, leverage technology, and enhance inter-agency coordination to accelerate the resolution of national border disputes. This policy directly contributes to achieving territorial sovereignty and sustainable development toward Indonesia Vision 2045.

Infrastructure development as a National Strategic Project (NSP), such as the Yogyakarta-Bawen Toll Road, aims to improve public welfare but often faces a crucial issue in the land acquisition process, namely the determination of compensation. This research examines the application of substantive justice, which focuses not only on procedural compliance (procedural justice) but also on the fairness and adequacy of the final outcome for the entitled parties. Using a juridical-empirical approach, this article analyzes two main problems: first, how substantive justice is realized in the deliberation stage of determining compensation and what factors cause disagreement from residents. Second, how the overall stages of land acquisition affect the achievement of substantive justice and the obstacles encountered. The analysis shows that although the land acquisition stages have procedurally followed Law No. 2 of 2012, the achievement of substantive justice is still hindered. Factors such as the appraisal of compensation which is deemed not to cover non-physical losses, lack of transparency, and an imbalanced bargaining position in deliberations are the main causes of disagreement. Obstacles in the planning, socialization, and payment stages also impede the realization of a complete sense of justice for the affected communities. This study is expected to contribute to the development of land acquisition policies that prioritize fairness, transparency, and the protection of the rights of affected communities.

Nahwu (Arabic grammar) is a fundamental discipline in learning the Arabic language, helping to prevent errors in speech and serving as a primary key to clearly understanding Islamic legal texts. However, in practice, the teaching of Nahwu often faces complex challenges, particularly the lack of active participation among female students and their uneven mastery of the subject. Therefore, this study aims to explore the problems in teaching Nahwu at Al-Madani Islamic Boarding School in Cikalong and to identify the factors causing these issues. This study aims to: (1) reveal the problems faced by second-grade female students of KMI in learning Nahwu at Al-Madani Islamic Boarding School in Cikalong, and (2) identify the contributing factors influencing the emergence of these problems. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach. The researcher used three data collection techniques: classroom observation, in-depth interviews with the Nahwu teacher, and questionnaires distributed to the students. For data analysis, the researcher applied the Miles and Huberman model, which consists of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. To ensure data validity, data triangulation techniques were used. The results of the study indicate that the problems are divided into two main aspects: (1) learning-related problems, including the gap between memorization of grammatical rules and their application (i‘rab), high levels of academic anxiety, and decreased classroom concentration; and (2) contributing factors, including methodological factors, linguistic-psychological factors, and classroom management factors. The researcher suggests that teachers adopt more interactive teaching methods and media, as well as innovative visual tools to reduce the abstract nature of Nahwu materials and enhance students’ functional understanding. Additionally, activating “Halaqah Nahwiyyah” (grammar study circles) in dormitories is recommended to overcome psychological barriers and improve students’ linguistic confidence.

Post section caesarea (SC) and method of operative female sterilization (MOW) are surgical procedures that may cause various problems, such as pain, limited mobility, decreased muscle strength, and risk of postoperative complications. Physiotherapy management through exercise therapy is an important intervention to accelerate the recovery process. Objective this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of exercise therapy in improving the functional condition of patients post SC and MOW in Annisa Ward 32 A at PKU Muhammadiyah Karanganyar Hospital. Method: used was a case report on a 33-year-old female patient following SC and MOW procedures. The physiotherapy interventions included deep breathing exercises, active range of motion exercises of the extremities, light abdominal muscle contractions, gradual early mobilization, as well as breast massage and oxytocin stimulation. The results showed a reduction in pain from a scale of 4–5 to 2–3 based on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), improvement in mobility such as independent position changes, and increased activity tolerance, including sitting and walking with minimal assistance. In addition, the patient showed increased confidence in performing daily functional activities. Conclusion: exercise therapy has a positive effect on improving mobility, reducing pain, and accelerating functional recovery in post SC and MOW patients. Therefore, exercise therapy is recommended as an essential component of postoperative physiotherapy management to improve patients' quality of life.

The rapid development of the fashion industry has led to increasing environmental problems due to textile waste and the use of environmentally unfriendly materials. This study aims to analyze the potential innovation of kur rope bags as an environmentally friendly fashion product with high economic value. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative method through observation, literature study, and documentation of the kur rope bag manufacturing process. The results show that kur rope has strong, durable, and flexible characteristics, making it suitable for use as a basic bag material. Innovation in design and weaving techniques can increase the aesthetic value and marketability of the product. In addition, kur rope bags have the potential to become a promising business opportunity and support the empowerment of the community's creative economy. With growing awareness of sustainability, kur rope bags can become an alternative fashion product that not only reduces environmental impact but also creates new market opportunities. Therefore, the development of this product is expected to contribute positively to reducing textile waste and strengthening the local economy through the creative industry.

Background: Pregnancy is a crucial period that requires special attention to the mother's physiological and psychological aspects. Many pregnant women experience poorly understood physical and emotional changes, lack of early detection of high-risk pregnancies, and lack of knowledge about a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy, including physical activity and balanced nutrition. The main problems faced are pregnant women's lack of understanding of normal physiological and psychological changes during pregnancy, lack of knowledge about danger signs and how to detect high-risk pregnancies, low participation of pregnant women in physical activities such as prenatal exercise, lack of knowledge regarding balanced nutrition for pregnant women, and limited comprehensive health education facilities in the community. Objective: This community service activity aims to improve the health of pregnant women by strengthening promotive and preventive pregnancy classes. Methods: This community service activity included screening for high-risk pregnancies, providing materials on physiological and psychological changes in pregnancy, maternal nutrition, and early detection of complications in high-risk pregnancies. A demonstration of prenatal exercise practices was also conducted at the Pondokgebangsari Village Hall, Kuwarasan District, Kebumen Regency. The training, conducted in February 2026, involved 15 pregnant women in their first, second, and third trimesters. Results: This activity demonstrated an increase in mothers' knowledge about physiological, psychological changes, and pregnancy nutrition after education, with 8 receiving good and 7 receiving adequate education. Education on Early Detection and Danger Signs of High-Risk Pregnancy also increased, with 9 receiving good and 6 receiving adequate education. Thus, families are aware of the importance of attending pregnancy classes and see them as essential for a healthy pregnancy. Conclusion: Community service programs to strengthen pregnancy classes through education, high-risk screening, and nutrition counseling support efforts to improve maternal and infant health, and are an investment in the future.

Time delays and cost overruns remain major problems in building construction projects, particularly in concrete structural works that dominate project duration and cost. This study aims to evaluate the application of re-engineering in concrete structural work methods on the time and cost performance of multi-storey building projects. A quantitative approach using a case study method was employed through comparative analysis between the existing method and alternative methods. The analyzed alternatives include ready-mix concrete with Sika Viscocrete 8007 admixture and semi-system formwork as Alternative I, ready-mix concrete with system formwork as Alternative II, and ready-mix concrete with Sika Viscocrete 8007 admixture combined with system formwork as Alternative III. The results show that all alternatives perform better than the existing method with a duration of 243 days. Alternative I reduced the duration to 208 days with cost efficiency of IDR 55,781,730 or 0.214 percent. Alternative II reduced the duration to 203 days with cost efficiency of IDR 187,553,261 or 0.724 percent. Alternative III achieved the best performance with a duration of 168 days, accelerating 75 days and providing the highest cost efficiency of IDR 243,334,991 or 0.941 percent. The study concludes that re-engineering effectively improves project time and cost performance, with Alternative III as the optimal method.

Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) is a new policy that aims to improve student’s soft skills and hard skills before entering the workforce. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions od Universitas Andalas students participating in MBKM on the development of soft skills. This research was conducted using qualitative research methods with grounded theory design. The sampling technique used purposive sampling and obtained 18 informants from 14 faculties at Universitas Andalas. Data were obtained through focus group discussions with informants who had signed an informed consent sheet. The results showed that the perceptions of students who participated in MBKM activities could develop student’s soft skills. Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka program has a positive impact on improving the ability of solve problems, critical thinking, communication, team work, creativity, time management, and leadership. Obstacles that students get when participating in MBKM activities and can hinder the development of soft skills include information discrepancies, difficulty converting credits, lack of socialization to students, unsynchronized technical guidelines, and limited use of language.

Differential equations involve derivatives of unknown functions and are widely used in mathematical modeling of various real-world problems. They can be classified based on linearity, homogeneity, coefficients, number of independent variables, degree, and order, thus requiring appropriate solution methods. One commonly used approach is the reduction of order method, which simplifies equations by reducing their order step by step. However, this method generally requires the solution of the corresponding homogeneous equation as an initial step. This study aims to solve nonhomogeneous linear ordinary differential equations of order with constant coefficients using the reduction of order method without determining the homogeneous solution. This research is a theoretical study based on relevant references concerning solution methods and types of differential equations. The procedure consists of two main stages: determining the fundamental symmetric polynomial variables based on the coefficients and constructing a sequence of solutions through first-order linear differential equations obtained from the reduction process. The results show that this method systematically produces the general solution of linear differential equations of order , making it an effective and efficient alternative approach

Religious culture that is still quite strong in the community is an important capital in the implementation of youth development programs. However, the influence of social media, promiscuity, and the lack of religious activities that are attractive to the younger generation have led to a decrease in adolescents' interest in religious activities in mosques. Therefore, this research aims to form the character of discipline, responsibility, and cooperation in the group through Islamic hadrah art activities. This study uses the Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) method, which is a community empowerment approach that focuses on the strengths and potentials possessed by the community, not on existing shortcomings or problems. In this approach, the community is invited to identify various assets they have, such as human resources, local institutions, cultural values, and social networks that can be used to overcome the problems they face. The results of the study showed that the adolescent participants experienced improved skills in playing hadrah and understanding of religious values. In addition, there has been a change in behavior towards being more disciplined, active, and caring for religious activities in the mosque environment.

This community service program aimed to improve teachers’ understanding and practical skills in preparing Classroom Action Research (CAR) proposals among senior high school teachers in Semarang City, Indonesia. Classroom Action Research is an essential component of teacher professional development, enabling educators to systematically identify classroom problems, implement pedagogical interventions, and evaluate learning improvement strategies. However, many teachers encounter difficulties in translating classroom challenges into structured research proposals. The program involved 22 teachers from public and private senior high schools in Semarang City and was implemented using a participatory and experiential learning approach integrating theoretical sessions, guided discussion, proposal-writing workshops, and direct mentoring. Training materials covered classroom problem identification, research cycles, proposal structure, formulation of objectives, intervention design, and indicators of success. Program effectiveness was evaluated through direct assessment of participants’ practical outputs. The success indicator was defined as a minimum of 90% of participants being able to prepare an initial classroom action research proposal draft correctly according to the provided guidelines. The results showed that the program successfully achieved its target, with 90.9% of participants able to produce an initial classroom action research proposal draft containing essential proposal components. Participants also demonstrated improved confidence and understanding regarding classroom-based research implementation. This program contributes a practical professional development model integrating research literacy enhancement and hands-on proposal writing practice to strengthen teachers’ reflective teaching and evidence-based instructional improvement capacity.

Biology learning in Indonesia is still predominantly teacher-centered, limiting students’ opportunities to actively develop critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and other 21st-century competencies. Students often receive information passively, resulting in low engagement and limited ability to apply concepts in real-life contexts. Therefore, innovative learning models are needed to support more meaningful and student-centered learning. This study aims to review the implementation of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) in Biology education and analyze its contribution to the development of students’ 21st-century skills. The study employed a literature review method by analyzing 20 research articles published between 2022 and 2026. Articles were obtained through Google Scholar searches and selected based on relevance to Biology education, focus on PjBL implementation, and open-access availability. Data collection involved identification, screening, selection, and documentation of related studies, while data analysis used a qualitative descriptive approach. The findings indicate that PjBL effectively improves students’ cognitive achievement, conceptual understanding, scientific literacy, creativity, and critical thinking skills. In addition, PjBL enhances collaboration, communication, problem-solving abilities, learning motivation, and life skills through contextual and authentic project activities. Students become more actively involved in investigating real-world problems, designing solutions, and producing meaningful learning outputs. Furthermore, the integration of STEM approaches, digital media, blended learning, and Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) strengthens the effectiveness of PjBL in Biology learning. Overall, PjBL is highly relevant for supporting the Merdeka Curriculum and improving the quality of Biology education in developing 21st-century competencies.

Background:Reproductive health education plays a crucial role, particularly for adolescents with disabilities, in maintaining their reproductive health. One effort to reduce menstrual-related problems is by developing hygienic behaviors. Menstrual personal hygiene refers to individual cleanliness practices aimed at maintaining, preserving, and improving personal hygiene and health to achieve physical and psychological well-being through the implementation of hygienic actions during menstruation. Objective; This study aimed to identify factors associated with menstrual personal hygiene behavior among adolescents with disabilities as part of long-term care. Methods:This study employed a correlational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 36 respondents, selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using bivariate analysis with the Chi-square test. Results: The results showed that variables significantly associated with respondents’ menstrual personal hygiene behavior were knowledge (p-value = 0.018), family support (p-value = 0.003), and adequacy of facilities and infrastructure (p-value = 0.003). Meanwhile, self-motivation was not significantly associated with menstrual personal hygiene behavior (p-value = 0.124). Conclusion: Therefore, nurses and healthcare providers are encouraged to enhance reproductive health education, involve families, and promote the provision of disability-friendly facilities to support long-term care for adolescents with disabilities.

This study aims to analyze the legal protection of women's inheritance rights from the perspective of Indonesian civil law. The problems studied focused on the position of women as heirs and the extent to which the legal system provides guarantees of justice and equality. The research method used is normative juridical with a legislative and conceptual approach. Data was obtained through a literature study of legal regulations, doctrines, and court decisions relevant to inheritance issues. The results of the study show that normatively, civil law provides equal recognition of women's inheritance rights, especially in the Civil Code. However, in practice, there are still obstacles influenced by patriarchal culture and customary law that tend to place women in subordinate positions. This condition causes women to often experience difficulties in claiming or obtaining the proper share of inheritance. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen regulations, harmonize national laws with the value of gender equality, and increase public legal awareness to ensure effective and fair protection for women in obtaining their inheritance rights.

This community service activity aims to improve the competency of Regional Apparatus Work Unit (SKPD) personnel in preparing monthly, quarterly, and semi-annual financial statements in accordance with Government Accounting Standards (SAP). This activity uses a participatory approach through Focus Group Discussions (FGD) involving 95 participants consisting of Financial Administration Officers and expenditure treasurers from various SKPDs in the Semarang City Government. The evaluation indicators included participant participation, improvement of understanding, identification of reporting problems, and formulation of follow-up actions. The finding, based on the results of the post-test, an average of 80% of participants showed improvement, particularly in account classification, transaction recording, and periodic report preparation. The FGD identified four major issues: limited mastery of financial information systems, data input errors, insufficient competent human resources, and weak inter-unit coordination causing delays in report submission. As post-FGD outcomes, participants agreed on the need for continuous technical training, standardized operating procedures, optimization of information system integration, and the establishment of a reporting coordination forum. These results provide evidence that FGD was effective not only in evaluating participants’ competencies but also in generating practical solutions to enhance transparent and accountable regional financial governance.