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Gout arthritis is a disease in which there is excessive accumulation of uric acid in the body. Based on WHO, the prevalence of gouty arthritis in the world is 34.2%. The impact of gouty arthritis pain can be caused in the form of decreased quality of life of sufferers due to pain that greatly interferes with daily activities: Research objectives the description of the pain level of gouty arthritis in UPTD Puskesmas 1 Baturetno Wonogiri. Methods: Descriptive with a quantitative approach. The research subjects were 196 patients with purposive sampling technique totaling 66 patients. Research instrument (NRS) nurmetic rating scale. Results: Characteristics The majority of gouty arthritis pain levels were elderly at 35 respondents (53%), female gender at 37 (56.1%), the majority of the length of suffering ≥ 5 years at 44 (67.7%), the majority of moderate pain levels with a scale of 4-6 at 31 (47%). Conclusion: the description of the pain level of gouty arthritis at UPTD Puskesmas 1 Baturetno is mostly elderly, female gender, long suffering ≥ 5 years, moderate pain level.

Fibroadenoma of the breast (FAM) is a benign tumor that is painless, movable, has clear boundaries, and a rubbery texture. The incidence of cancer worldwide has increased, with the most common cancers reaching 24.5% and deaths reaching 15.5%, according to the WHO. In Indonesia, the prevalence reached 1.79% per 1,000 population in 2018, and in Central Java, it was 0.7% in 2019. Data from Dr. Soeselo Hospital in Tegal shows an annual increase of 2%, with prevalence reaching 1.9% in 2023, up from 1.7% in 2022. The aim of this research is to provide an overview of nursing care for patients who have undergone left breast tumor surgery. This research specifically focuses on the study involving diagnosis, determination of interventions, implementation, and evaluation. Using a case study design, a descriptive method was employed in this research. The writer narrates and explains the important events that occurred with the patient. Patients who have undergone surgery may experience pain after the operation, which could potentially lead to the risk of infection and a decline in knowledge. As a result, the nursing diagnosis that arises for the patient is acute pain. In the concept of pain, pain measurement is assessed using a numerical rating scale, and the patient's pain management involves relaxation breathing therapy and analgesics.

Caesarean section (CS) delivery is a surgical process to deliver a fetus through an incision in the abdominal wall and uterine wall. The purpose of this paper is to determine and provide nursing care for Mrs. Swith post-operative cesarean section indications of fetal distress in the Nusa Indah ward of dr. Soeselo hospital, Tegal Regency in accordance with nursing standards. The method used is descriptive with a case study approach. The data collection tchniques in this scientific paper are in the form of interviews, observations, documentation studies and literature studies. From the case review, it was found that the client’s main complaint was pain in the surgical stitches, P: pain when moving, Q: pain like being pressed, R: pain in the surgical stitches, S: scale 5, T: intermittent. The nursing problems found were acute pain, impaired skin/tissue integrity and knowledge deficit. Interventions were arranged based on the theory in DKI, SLKI and SIKI as well as on the client’s condition and could be implemented.  

Background: The prevalence of gouty arthritis has increased significantly by 2023, reaching 33.3% according to WHO. In Indonesia, 35% of cases occur in men aged over 45 years, while Central Java has a prevalence of 26.4%. In Sukoharjo District, Mandan Village recorded the highest number of gout patients with 150 cases, followed by Gayam (75 cases) and Sukoharjo (35 cases). The use of warm water compresses is recommended to relieve joint pain due to gouty arthritis by increasing blood flow and reducing joint stiffness. Objective: Knowing changes in the pain scale in two respondents with gouty arthritis before and after a warm compress method: This research is applied research with a case study using pre-post test results: There was a decrease in Mrs. S's pain scale which initially 6 decreased to 3 while in Mr. T, the pain scale 7 decreased to 5. Mr. T is a pain scale of 7 decreasing to 5. Conclusion: After the application of warm compresses on Mrs. S and Mr. T, there was a decrease in the pain scale. T there is a decrease in the pain scale. Mrs. S from moderate pain to mild pain, Mr. T from severe pain to moderate pain. T from severe pain to moderatepain. This shows that warm compresses can reduce pain in people with gout.

Background: Menstrual pain in the world is very high, 50% of women worldwide, Bulgaria 8.8%, Finland 94% while Indonesia 64.25%. Menstrual pain causes short and long term adverse effects including interference with daily activities and even an increase in absenteeism at the campus, long-term effects cause tissue growth outside the uterus. Menstrual pain can be treated with pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies. One of the non-pharmacological therapies is inhaling lemon aromatherapy. Limeone contains lots of vitamin C which will control prostaglandins and reduce pain. Objective: To describe the results before and after the application of lemon aromatherapy on reducing menstrual pain. Methods: Case study with descriptive design on 2 respondents who were given lemon aromatherapy for 15 minutes twice a day for 2 days, and measured using Numeric Rating Scale. Results: After lemon aromatherapy was performed on both respondents with menstrual pain, it showed a decrease in the pain scale from moderate pain to mild pain. Conclusion: The application of lemon aromatherapy can reduce menstrual pain in female students from moderate to mild

Gastritis is a disease that is often found in the general public, this disease affects all walks of life according to the World Health Organization. The incidence of gastritis in the world is around 1.8-2.1 million of the total population each year. According to data obtained from the Weru Health Center ranks 10th out of 20 major diseases at the Weru Health Center, reaching 149 cases. Guide Imagery is one of the pain distraction techniques aimed at handling pain, lowering blood pressure, relieving anxiety. One group pre test and post design method, the subjects in this research case study were 2 respondents who experienced gastritis, 1 application of guide imagery was carried out for 3 days with a duration of 15 minutes. After the guide imagery technique, 1 application for 3 days, both respondents experienced a decrease in the epigastric pain scale from a moderate pain scale to a mild pain scale, Mrs. S from scale 5 to 2 and Mrs. M from scale 4 to 1. Guide imagery is very effective for reducing epigastric pain in gastritis patients.

Fractures can lead to disabilities in individuals, which may result from trauma due to accident (Ramadhan & Pristianto, 2022)s. The purpose of this paper is to develop and apply nursing care for Mrs. M, who underwent post-operative hemiarthroplasty for a femoral neck fracture, in the Mawar 2 room at RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency. This paper utilizes a descriptive method with a focus on the nursing process approach. The results of the nursing care show that the patient reports pain at the surgical site on the upper right leg, post-operative hemiarthroplasty, with pain described as a pulling sensation in the upper right leg, at a pain scale of 6, and continuous. The client states that she can only lie in bed, with all post-operative activities being assisted by family members. She also reports that she has not received health education on early mobilization and has limited understanding of early immobilization. The nursing diagnoses identified are acute pain, impaired physical mobility, and knowledge deficit. Interventions were based on the SIKI (Nursing Care Standards) and implementation followed the planned interventions. Upon evaluation, one diagnosis—knowledge deficit—was resolved, acute pain was partially resolved, and impaired physical mobility remained unresolved. The results of the nursing care are consistent with the theory. This paper aims to improve skills in providing nursing care.  

Background: Osteoarthritis often occurs in the elderly aged more than 60 years which is characterized by pain in the joints when moved. In Indonesia, 65% of elderly people aged 60 years and over experience osteoarthritis. Red ginger compress is an alternative nonpharmacological treatment to reduce joint pain in the elderly with osteoarthritis. Objectives: Knowing changes in pain scale in the elderly before and after doing red ginger compresses. Method: This application uses descriptive methods on 2 respondents, with pretest and posttest in the observation sheet of pain scale measuring instruments in the form of NRS (Numeric Rating Scale). Red ginger compress is given 2x a day in the morning and evening for 14 consecutive days within 20 minutes Result: There was a change in the intensity of the pain scale in both respondents. Mrs. P from moderate scale to mild scale and Mrs. E from moderate scale to painless scale. Conclusion: The application shows that there are changes in the pain scale before and after the red ginger compress, both in the first respondent and the second respondent. Red ginger compress can reduce osteoarthritis joint pain in the elderly.    

Cervical root syndrome (CRS) is a clinical condition  caused by compression of the nerve roots in the neck area, often experienced by workers in static positions for long periods such a tailors. CRS can cause significant pain symtomps, affecting daily activities and quality of life. This study aims to determine the effect of a combination of neck calliet exercise and Neuromuscular taping on reducing pain in suffers of cervical root syndrome among tailors in Sragen. This research uses a design quasi-exsperimental with pre-test and post-test. the research subjectsw ere 26 tailor in sragen who where selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The invertion provided is a combination of neck caliet exercise and Neuromuscular taping. pain levels were measured using NRS scale before and after the intervention. Before the intervention 76.9%  of respondens experienced moderate pain (NRS score 4-6). while 23.1% experienced mild pain (NRS score 1-3). After the intervention 69.2% of respondents experienced in pain to the mild category, and only 30.8% still felt moderate pain. data analysis shows a significant reduction in pain levels after being given this combination intervention.The combination of neck calliet exercise and Neuromuscular taping  is effective in reducing pain in sufferers of cervical root syndrome among tailors. this intervention can be an afficient pharmacological alternative treathment for chronic neck pain.

Background: Based on world data, there have been 2.7 million cases of perineal rupture in mothers giving birth. This figure is estimated to reach the highest number collected until 2050, which is 6.3 million. Perineal rupture in Asia also often occurs in society, which is around 50%. According to data from the Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (SDKI), 75% of mothers who give birth in Indonesia experience perineal tears or perineal rupture. Objective: To describe the results of measuring the pain scale using the cold compress method. Method: This study method uses a case study method with a descriptive design and uses a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain measurement sheet, in the cold compress method, the variable measured is perineal wound pain that has been given intervention 3 times a day in a span of 5-10 minutes for 3 days. Results: After cold compresses were given to two respondents who experienced perineal wounds, there was a change in the pain scale which was included in the mild pain category. Conclusion: The application of cold compresses can reduce the scale of perineal wound pain in postpartum patients.    

Background: Indonesia is included in the category of rheumatism sufferers which is quite high, namely 6.3% in the world of the high rate of rheumatism in indonesia. if it is not treated, it will cause swelling and stiffness in the sufferer's joints, resulting in discomfort. for this reason, efforts are needed to control rheumatism.  one of the rheumatism therapies is doing back massage. back massage is a technique for giving massage to the back with slow rubbing which provides a feeling of comfort and relaxation to the body. objective: to determine the intensity of the pain scale before and after giving back massage therapy and to see the effect of giving back massage therapy on pain in rheumatism sufferers. method: this type of research uses descriptive research methods and by observing 2 respondents with a history of rheumatism and who were given the implementation of back massage therapy. results: there was a decrease in the intensity of rheumatic pain after giving therapy on Mr. S from a scale of 5 to 2 and in Mrs. G from a pain scale of 6 to a pain scale of 2. Conclusion: there is an effect of giving back massage therapy on pain in rheumatism sufferers.    

Based on Riskesdas, the rate of cesarean delivery  in Indonesia is 20-25% in government hospitals and 30-38% in private hospitals. Sectio Caesarea section is a non-surgical procedure that will injure tissue, so the mother's complaint after caesarean section surgery is pain. One of the non-pharmacological pain management is finger grip relaxation to describe the results of pain scale measurements with finger grip relaxation This application uses a case study method with a descriptive design and uses  a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain measurement sheet, carried out for 30 minutes and for 2 days After the application was carried out on 2 respondents, there was a decrease in the pain scale, Mrs. A from a scale of 4 to 3 and Mrs. D from a pain scale of 5 to 3 including the mild category. Finger grip relaxation has an effect on reducing pain scale in patients after sectio caesarean section

Based on the data from Central Java shows that 40% people started from 20 until 65 years old suffered from LBP, estimated 18,2% for men and 13,6% for women. All farmer activities involve the spinal muscles which can caused farmers to suffer from low back pain. One steps to reduce LBP  is apply the William Flexion. Describe the results observations application William Flexion to Farmer with Low Back Pain. This method descriptive analysis and a pain measurement scale with Visual Analog Scale (VAS). In this method implemented the William Flexion, measured level Low Back Pain after intervention has been carried out for 6 meetings in 2 weeks. After applying the William Flexion to the respondents, there was a reduction in the level of Low Back Pain. Application William Flexion to farmers with Low Back Pain can reduce level of pain.

Background: Indonesia is included in the category of gout arthritis sufferers which is quite high at 35% in the world, while in Central Java it reaches 7.3% while based on symptom diagnosis it is 24.7%, for the prevalence of gout arthritis in Sukoharjo City is 21.04%. The highest number of gout arthritis patients at the Sukoharjo Health Center is 134 sufferers, from the high value of gout arthritis in Indonesia if not treated cause pain and tingling in the joint area. For this reason, efforts are needed to control gout. One of the treatment is to do a warm compress of cinnamon. Purpose: Determine the pain scale before and after the administration of cinnamon warm compresses and see the effect of cinnamon warm compresses on pain in patients with gout arthritis. Method: This type of application uses a descriptive research method and by observing 2 respondents with a history of gout arthritis and given the implementation of a warm cinnamon compress. Result: The scale of pain after being given a warm cinnamon compress is mild pain. Conclusion: There is an effect of giving cinnamon warm compresses on pain in people with gout arthritis.

Osteoarthritis is often found in the elderly which is characterized by damage to the cartilage located in the joints caused by mechanical or biochemical stress on the body. Most osteoarthritis is found in the knee joint with complaints of pain and decreased range of motion. Its management can be carried out with non-pharmacological therapy, namely stretching exercise therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of stretching exercise therapy on decreasing the pain scale and increasing the range of motion of the knee joint in osteoarthritis patients. This study used a pre-experimental design with a one group pre-post test approach, a sample of 30 patients was obtained by total sampling technique. The instrument in this study was the verbal descriptor scale (VDS) pain scale observation sheet. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon signed rank test. The results of the study before stretching exercise therapy showed that the knee joint pain scale in osteoarthritis patients averaged 4.50 and after stretching exercise therapy the knee joint pain scale decreased to 1.93. And the Wilcoxon signed rank test obtained a significance value of p = 0.000 (p <0.05) which means that there is an effect of stretching exercise therapy on reducing the knee joint pain scale in osteoarthritis patients. Stretching exercise therapy is able to optimally increase muscle flexibility and range of joint motion so that it can have the effect of reducing or eliminating joint pain.

During menstruation one of the most common complaints experienced by adolescents during menstruation caused by severe contractions of the uterine muscles is called dysmenorrhea. Almost all teenage daughters experience menstrual pain with levels of pain ranging from mild to severe. The absence of teenagers at school is one of the consequences of dysmenorrhea. Abdominal Stretching Exercise is an alternative non-pharmacological therapy option that can reduce dysmenorrhea. During exercise, there will be an increase in the levels of endorphins produced in the brain and also in the spinal cord nerve structure. To find out the impact of abdominal stretching exercises on decreased dysmenorrhea in teenage girls. This type of research is pre-experimental with the design of one group pretest posttest with a sample of 26 respondents. The research tools used in this data collection are the numeric rating scale questionnaire sheet and the observation sheet. The abdominal stretching exercise is performed on the first day of menstruation twice with a duration of 15 minutes. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon test. Before performing abdominal stretching exercises some respondents experienced severe to moderate pain. The Wilcoxon test results showed an Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value of <0.05 which means there is an effect of Abdominal Stretching Exercise on Dismenorean Pain Reduction in Teenage Girls. The abdominal stretching exercises have an effect on dismenoreal pain reduction in teenage girls.

Menstruation or menstruation is a sign that the reproductive system and organs in women are functioning. Menstruation causes various complaints such as discomfort caused by excessive bleeding during menstruation and complaints of pain known as dysmenorrhoea. Around 55 percent of women of childbearing age in Indonesia suffer from menstrual pain. Non-pharmacological therapies that can treat dysmenorrhoea are warm compresses and ginger aromatherapy. The aim of the research was to determine the effectiveness of ginger aromatherapy and warm compresses on menstrual pain in adolescents. The research design uses a quasi-experimental with control group design. The intervention group was given ginger aromatherapy and warm compresses on the first day of menstruation, while the control group was not given any intervention. Data analysis used the Mann Whitney test. The population in this study were all class IX female students at Sriwijaya Middle School, Palembang. The sampling technique used purposive sampling totaling 30 respondents. The menstrual pain scale uses the Numeric Ratting Scale (NRS). The results of the Mann Whitney test obtained a p value of 0.001, meaning that there was a difference in the pain scale in the intervention group that was given ginger aromatherapy and warm compresses for menstrual pain in teenagers compared to the control group that was not given the intervention. It is recommended that health workers intensify education regarding complementary therapies in reducing menstrual pain in adolescents.

Introduction: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is a stretch of the median nerve caused by pressure on the median nerve in the carpal tunnel when the nerve passes through the tunnel. So that pain, paraesthesia, and numbness appear in the area through which the median nerve passes. Purpose: This case report was aimed to determine the effect of physiotherapy interventions in the form of Ultrasound Therapy, Wrist Stretching, and Tendon Gliding exercise on a female patient aged 66 years. Method: A Case report was conducted 3 times over two weeks by evaluating pain using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), a wide range of motion using a goniometer, and the patient’s functional activity using the DASH questionnaire. Result: There was a decrease in motion pain from the value of the NRS scale 6 to the NRS scale 4, and tenderness from the value of the NRS scale 2 to the NRS scale 1. An increase in the range of motion of the joint in dorsiflexion and active palmar flexion movements from T1 (S: 40̊ - 0̊ - 45̊) to T3 (S: 40̊ - 0̊ - 45̊), in the active radial and ulnar deviation movements from T1 (F: 15̊ -  0̊ - 20̊) to T3 (F: 15̊ -  0̊ - 25̊). Functional improvement in patients with DASH results from 61 to 50. Conclusion: The effects of ultrasound therapy, wrist stretching, and tendon gliding exercises are that they can reduce pain, increase ROM, and increase functional activity in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.

SA survey by the Indonesian Ministry of Health found that 25% of fracture sufferers died, 45% experienced physical disabilities, 15% experienced psychological stress due to anxiety and even depression and 10% recovered well. Both open and closed fractures will affect nerve fibers which can cause pain and discomfort. Efforts that can be made to reduce pain in fracture patients are with one of the non-pharmacological techniques, namely guided imagination. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of guided imagination on reducing pain intensity in fracture patients at Bumiayu Hospital 2024. The type of research is Quasi Experiment research with a One Group Pre-test Post-test design. The population in this study were all fracture patients at Bumiayu Regional Hospital in the period 4 March - 2 April 2024, totaling 52 people and the sample was taken using a purposive sampling method, namely 35 people. Data collection used a numerical scale research instrument sheet or The Pain Numerical Rating Scale (PNRS). The data analysis used is univariate and bivariate analysis. The results of this study show that statistical analysis showed that the difference in average pain intensity in fracture patients before guided imagination was 6.83 and after guided imagination was 3.46 with a probability value of (p=0.000), so Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted, meaning that guided imagination had an effect on reducing the intensity. pain in fracture patients. In conclusion, there is an effect of providing guided imagery on pain intensity in fracture patients at Bumiayu Regional Hospital in 2024.

Introduction: Low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in the world. In general, this pain is caused by muscle stretching and increasing age which will cause the intensity of exercise and movement to decrease. This will cause the back and abdominal muscles to become weak. Objective: In this study, to analyze the effect of warm compresses of red lemongrass (cymbopogon nardus) on reducing the scale of lower back pain in fishermen in Negeri Latuhalat, Nusaniwe District. Method: Using a one group pre test-post test design, this research design is included in the Pre-Experimental research type and the sample size is 56 fishermen using instruments in the form of SOPs and observation sheets. The analysis used is the Willcoxon test. Results: It was found that there was an effect of warm red lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus) compresses on reducing the scale of lower back pain in fishermen (p-value = 0.000). Conclusion: There is an influence between the pain scale before and after being given a warm compress of red lemongrass (cymbopogon nardus) on reducing the scale of lower back pain in fishermen in Negeri Latuhalat, Nusaniwe District.