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The prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and their risk factors continue to increase in Indonesia. Riskesdas 2018 showed an increase in the main indicators of NCDs, such as hypertension, obesity, and smoking habits. The low knowledge of health workers, patients, and the community about NCDs is often the cause of the difficulty in controlling the disease, especially blood pressure. Knowledge can be increased by several factors, including age and understanding of mindset. This study aims to identify the impact of education on increasing the knowledge of health cadres. The method used is quantitative with a pre-experimental design, using a one group pre-test and post-test approach. A sample of 10 individuals was selected using the total sampling method. Data were collected through questionnaires before and after providing education about Posbindu NCDs and non-communicable diseases of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The analysis was carried out univariately, and after the normality test showed that the pre-test and post-test data were normally distributed, the Paired sample t-test was carried out. The results showed that almost half of the respondents were between 41-50 years old (50%), and more than half of the respondents had a senior high school education level (80%). The Paired sample t-test produced p-value of 0.001 which is smaller than 0.05. In conclusion, there is a significant effect of providing education on increasing the knowledge of health cadres. Further training is needed to improve the understanding and skills of health cadres.

Adolescents require higher levels of nutrients for physical growth and development, but the current trend is for adolescents to prefer instant foods such as junk food, spicy foods and foods containing unhealthy additives. This has led to the emergence of various diseases, one of which is gastritis. This condition is even more risky for female students living in Islamic boarding schools with busy activities and irregular meal schedules, thus requiring efforts to prevent gastritis. This study aims to determine the gastritis prevention behaviour of female students at Ma'had Asy-Syakur MAN 2 Kediri. This study uses a descriptive design with one variable, namely gastritis prevention behaviour. The research population consisted of students living at Ma'had Asy-Syakur MAN 2 Kediri, with a total of 59 respondents. Data collection was conducted using a gastritis prevention behaviour questionnaire. The results showed that almost all respondents (81.36%) had gastritis prevention behaviours in the adequate category, with a small portion in the good category (18.64%). The female students' busy and well-scheduled activities, accompanied by the implementation of discipline, regular meal arrangements, and the provision of stomach-friendly menus, contributed to the formation of gastritis prevention behaviour. The most common preventive behaviour was avoiding spicy foods, due to habits, taste preferences, and socio-cultural factors that had been established. This study recommends the need for health education that not only focuses on increasing knowledge but also changing attitudes and habits so that gastritis prevention behaviour can be further optimised.

Adolescent reproductive health is an important aspect that requires special attention, especially regarding the problem of dysmenorrhea or menstrual pain. Dysmenorrhea is often considered normal, even though it can reduce the quality of life and disrupt the learning activities of young women. One factor that influences dysmenorrhea is nutritional status and diet. This community service activity aims to increase the knowledge of young women about preventing dysmenorrhea through health promotion using posters with an anti-inflammatory diet approach based on "Healing Through Nutrition". The activity was carried out at the UPT SMA 9 Bulukumba on May 6, 2025, targeting 20 young women. The activity method included the planning, preparation, implementation, and evaluation stages, with a pre-test and post-test to assess the level of knowledge of participants. The results showed a significant increase in adolescent knowledge about preventing dysmenorrhea. Before the activity, 50% of respondents had poor knowledge, 40% had sufficient knowledge, and only 10% had good knowledge. After the intervention, 80% of respondents had good knowledge and 20% had sufficient knowledge, with no category of poor. These results indicate that poster media is effective in increasing adolescents' knowledge about dysmenorrhea and the importance of an anti-inflammatory diet as a non-pharmacological effort to prevent it.

This research seeks to examine the influence of taxpayer knowledge, taxpayer awareness, and tax sanctions on the compliance of motor vehicle taxpayers in Boyolali Regency. Motor vehicle tax constitutes a significant component of regional original revenue; however, the level of revenue realization has not yet fully met the established targets, indicating the presence of compliance-related challenges. The study adopts a quantitative explanatory design. Primary data were obtained by distributing questionnaires to 100 motor vehicle taxpayers registered at the Boyolali Samsat Office, with respondents selected through accidental sampling based on the Slovin formula. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS software, following preliminary tests of validity, reliability, and classical assumptions. The findings demonstrate that taxpayer knowledge and taxpayer awareness exert a positive and statistically significant effect on motor vehicle taxpayer compliance. In addition, tax sanctions are also shown to have a positive and significant impact and represent the most dominant factor influencing compliance. These results are consistent with Attribution Theory and the Theory of Planned Behavior, which highlight the importance of both internal and external determinants in shaping taxpayer compliance behavior. This study is expected to provide empirical support for research on regional tax compliance and offer practical insights for local governments in developing strategies to improve motor vehicle tax compliance.

This study addresses low student engagement and high levels of boredom in entrepreneurship courses that rely heavily on one-way PowerPoint-based lectures. Preliminary observations in-dicated that 80% of students experienced low motivation and difficulty generating innovative business ideas. The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of gamification on student learning motivation and business creativity.A quantitative approach was employed using a pre-experimental (One-Group Pretest–Posttest design). The sample consisted of 25 students selected through total sampling. Gamification elements, including: points, badges, and leaderboards, were integrated into the learning process to replace conventional lecture methods.The findings indicate that the implementation of gamification significantly trans-formed student learning behavior and classroom dynamics. Students shifted from passive disengagement, characterized by limited interaction and high distraction levels, to proactive participation. Verbal interactions increased substantially, moving beyond administrative ques-tions toward meaningful business discussions. Students demonstrated heightened engagement and responsiveness during learning activities. The gamified learning environment also fostered a safe space for creative experimentation, enabling students to take entrepreneurial risks without fear of academic or financial failure. Improvements were observed across key di-mensions of business creativity, including fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. The study concludes that gamification is an effective pedagogical strategy for enhancing student motivation and business creativity in entrepreneurship education. By transforming learning from a passive knowledge-transfer model into an experiential and interactive process, gami-fication supports the development of an entrepreneurial mindset among digital native students.

This community service program aims to utilize Balinese orange peel waste into marketable jelly candy in Battu Winangun Village, Lubuk Raja District, Ogan Komering Ulu Regency. The implementation method included socialization, 2-day practical training, and production mentoring involving 30 participants from women's farmer groups, PKK mothers, and youth youth organizations. The results of the activity showed an increase in participants' knowledge from 15% to 92% about the economic potential of Balinese orange peel waste, with 85% of participants successfully producing good-quality jelly candy that met the criteria of chewy texture, balanced sweet-sour taste, and attractive bright color. This program successfully processed orange peel waste rich in natural pectin (18-25%) into a functional low-calorie product with a shelf life of 2-4 weeks. The program's impacts included the formation of independent business groups, a 25-30% reduction in organic waste, and increased public awareness of a sustainable circular economy. The final evaluation showed a 90% level of participant satisfaction, with 87% of participants interested in continuing independent production. In conclusion, this program effectively increases the added value of local agricultural products, empowers the community's economy, and creates social transformation toward a self-sufficient and environmentally conscious village.

Background: The postpartum period is a critical phase requiring optimal nutritional intake for maternal recovery and ensuring the quality of breast milk. In densely populated urban areas such as Semampir District, dietary quality is often influenced by the level of nutrition knowledge and household economic conditions. Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between nutrition knowledge and household food security with dietary quality among postpartum mothers in Semampir District, Surabaya. Methods: This was an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 340 postpartum mothers were selected using simple random sampling. Nutrition knowledge was measured through a structured questionnaire, food security was assessed using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), and dietary quality was measured using the 3-level Balanced Diet Index derived from 24-hour food recall data. Data were analyzed descriptively and through the Chi-Square correlation test. Results: The findings indicated that the majority of respondents possessed a good level of nutrition knowledge (average correct answers >75%), with the highest score in anemia prevention (81.2%) and the lowest in the functional role of Vitamin A (75.9%). Dietary quality assessment revealed that most respondents were in the [Select: Moderate/Poor] category based on IGS scores. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship (p < 0.05) between both nutrition knowledge and household food security with the dietary quality of postpartum mothers. Conclusion: Good nutrition knowledge and stable food security contribute positively to the dietary quality of postpartum mothers. Targeted nutritional education regarding micronutrients and strengthening food access at the household level are essential to optimize maternal health during the postpartum period in urban settings.

Breast milk (ASI) is the best source of nutrition for newborns because it contains complete, safe, and stable nutrients, thus supporting optimal growth and development of infants. However, some breastfeeding mothers still do not fully understand the sufficiency of breast milk and its benefits for babies. Therefore, health education efforts are needed to improve the knowledge and understanding of breastfeeding mothers regarding breastfeeding. Health education is an educational activity aimed at inviting and encouraging the community to be willing to take actions that can maintain and improve health. This health education activity on the sufficiency of breast milk for breastfeeding mothers was held on January 24, 2026, at the Sungai Durian Community Health Center (UPTD). The method used in this activity was the delivery of material through health counseling accompanied by a measurement of the level of knowledge using pretest and posttest questionnaires. After the presentation of the material, breastfeeding mothers were asked to complete a posttest questionnaire to assess their understanding of the material that had been provided. The measurement results showed a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores, indicating an increase in knowledge of breastfeeding mothers after being provided with health education. Thus, it can be concluded that health education activities about breast milk sufficiency are effective in increasing the understanding of breastfeeding mothers regarding the importance of providing sufficient breast milk for babies.

This study examines Indonesian as a pillar of academic identity and the urgency of revitalizing students' language attitudes and ethics in the digital era. The rapid development of digital communication has influenced students' language practices in academic contexts, which tend to lead to the use of informal, impolite language that does not reflect academic ethics. This study aims to describe students' language attitudes, academic communication patterns, and the level of awareness of language ethics in the use of Indonesian in higher education. This study used a qualitative approach with participatory observation techniques and in-depth interviews with students. The results show that students basically have normative knowledge of good and correct Indonesian, but this knowledge has not been consistently internalized in academic communication practices, especially in the digital space. The dominant digital communication culture has weakened students' sensitivity to politeness, ethics, and language professionalism. Furthermore, Indonesian language learning in higher education is still more oriented towards the technical aspects of writing than the formation of academic attitudes and identities. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of revitalizing Indonesian language learning that is contextual, reflective, and oriented towards strengthening students' attitudes, ethics, and academic identities in the digital era.

The health of pregnant and breastfeeding women is a crucial determinant of the quality of future generations, particularly during the first 1,000 days of life. However, nutritional problems, such as deficiencies in iron, protein, and essential vitamins, remain prevalent in many regions, especially in rural areas. These conditions may increase the risk of anemia, impaired fetal growth, and reduced maternal and child health outcomes. This community service program aimed to improve the nutritional status as well as the knowledge and awareness of pregnant and breastfeeding women regarding the importance of balanced nutrition in Sukorejo Village, Bojonegoro Regency. The program was implemented through the provision of free balanced nutritious meals tailored to the nutritional needs of pregnant and breastfeeding women, accompanied by health education activities, including counseling sessions and interactive discussions on healthy dietary patterns, food hygiene, and anemia prevention. Program evaluation was conducted through participatory observation and participant feedback. The results indicated an improvement in participants’ understanding of balanced nutrition and positive behavioral changes in daily food selection and consumption. This community service initiative is expected to serve as a sustainable model for improving maternal and child health and preventing nutritional problems at the village level.

Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) immunization is a mandatory basic immunization that must be administered to infants before two months of age as a preventive measure against tuberculosis. Timely administration of the BCG vaccine is crucial to ensure optimal protection and to maintain continuity of subsequent immunization schedules. Maternal knowledge is one of the factors influencing the timeliness of immunization. The achievement of BCG immunization at Muara Fajar Community Health Center in 2025 was 76.1%, still below the annual target of 90%. This study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal knowledge and the timely administration of BCG immunization among infants aged 0–2 months in the working area of Muara Fajar Public Health Center, Pekanbaru City. This study employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. A total of 59 mothers with infants aged 0–6 months were selected using accidental sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires assessing maternal knowledge of BCG immunization and the timeliness of BCG vaccine administration. Data analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test with a significance level of p<0.05. The results showed that most mothers were aged 26–35 years (59.3%), had a senior high school education (52.2%), and were housewives (71.2%). Nearly half of the respondents had low knowledge levels (47.5%), while 54.2% of infants received BCG immunization on time. The Chi-square test revealed a significant association between maternal knowledge and timely BCG immunization (p=0.001). This study concludes that maternal knowledge plays a crucial role in ensuring timely BCG immunization in infants.  

Advances in financial technology require people to have adequate digital financial literacy in order to be able to use financial services safely and wisely. However, there are still many community groups that face limited understanding, including the wife of a retired National Police officer in Megamendung, Bogor. This Community Service Program (PKM) is designed to increase their knowledge, awareness, and skills in managing finances through digital services. The implementation method includes socialization, counseling, interactive discussions, and practical guidance in the use of digital financial applications such as e-wallets and online banking services. Evaluation of activities was carried out through observation, question and answer sessions, and measurement of the level of understanding before and after socialization. The results showed a significant increase in participants' understanding of the concept of digital financial literacy, including benefits and risks to watch out for, such as digital fraud and irregular financial management. In addition, participants also experienced an increase in confidence in using digital financial services for daily needs. This program is expected to encourage family financial independence and improve the economic welfare of the wives of retired POLRI officers in Megamendung, Bogor, as well as become a model for community empowerment in facing the challenges of the digital era.

Punggelan State Junior High School 3, Banjarnegara, as one of the schools at the elementary education level, will empower its students through the use of the school environment for agricultural activities. Efforts to introduce agricultural activities are carried out through P5 (Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila / Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project) on the theme of sustainable lifestyles. The theoretical session was held in the hall of Punggelan State Junior High School 3. The practical session was held in the garden area of Punggelan State Junior High School 3. The participants were also assisted by three students from the Agroindustry Study Program at the Banjarnegara Polytechnic. The stages of the activity consisted of a theoretical session in the hall, practical sessions on making planting media, making organic fertilizer, making yellow traps, sowing mustard seeds, and maintaining the mustard plants. Participants who had completed the practical activities were given the responsibility of maintaining their plants until harvest. The participants came from several villages in Punggelan Subdistrict, including Danakerta, Klapa, Tribuana, and Sambong. These four villages are agricultural centers. Most of the residents in these areas have yards that are used for agricultural activities. The students already have basic agricultural skills for vegetable cultivation. The participants' background in agriculture-based areas will facilitate student empowerment activities in school management towards achieving adiwiyata status. The empowerment of students at Punggelan State Junior High School 3through training in organic fertilizer production showed an increase in participants' knowledge of science in the field of anaerobic technology in organic fertilizer production. Participants also acquired the skill of being able to make organic fertilizer from leaves or grass and livestock manure. Participants were able to apply organic fertilizer as a seedling medium and a medium for growing mustard greens.

Background: Clean and Healthy Living Behavior in Indonesia includes household.. In Indonesia, the level of knowledge and handwashing behavior of is still relatively low, an indication can be seen from the high prevalence of diarrhea. Research Objective: to determine the Relationship of Information Sources to Knowledge and Behavior of Adolescents About Clean Living in Nunkurus Village, East Kupang District. Research Method: This type of research uses Quasi Experiment One Group PreTest-PostTest Non Control Group, namely research with one subject who is given treatment or intervention before and after treatment. The population in this study is the community in this case adolescents in Nunkurus Village, East Kupang District, totaling 45 people. Sampling uses a total sampling technique. There are 3 research instruments used in this study including: respondent characteristic questionnaire, PHBS knowledge and health promotion educational video about PHBS. Data analysis using univariate in percentage and bivariate using Willcoxon Test. Results: the results of the study revealed the level of knowledge of the community before health promotion regarding PHBS, of the 45 respondents studied as many as 2 respondents (4.4%) had insufficient knowledge, 14 respondents (31.1%) had sufficient knowledge, and 29 respondents (64.4%) had good knowledge. From the results of the study, it was known that the level of knowledge of the community after health promotion regarding PHBS, of the 45 respondents studied as many as 17 respondents (37.8%) had good knowledge, 20 respondents (44.4%) had sufficient knowledge, and 8 respondents (17.8%) had insufficient knowledge. This is demonstrated by the results of the Wilcoxon ρ test (Asymp. Sig. 2-tailed) = 0.000 <0.05, indicating a relationship.

Pregnancy complications remain a major health problem contributing to high maternal morbidity and mortality rates in Indonesia. Factors influencing the occurrence of pregnancy complications include the level of maternal knowledge and advanced maternal age. Advanced age increases the risk of pregnancy disorders due to decreased reproductive function, while low knowledge limits a mother’s ability to recognize danger signs and take appropriate preventive measures. This study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge level and advanced maternal age and the occurrence of pregnancy complications in the working area of Bonebobakal Public Health Center, Banggai Regency. This study employed a quantitative analytic design with a cross-sectional approach involving 41 pregnant women selected through total sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and interviews and analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed a significant relationship between maternal knowledge level and maternal age with the occurrence of pregnancy complications. Health education and regular pregnancy monitoring are necessary to reduce the risk of complications and improve maternal and fetal safety..

Background: Regular antenatal care is essential to ensure maternal and fetal health during pregnancy and to prevent complications. The level of maternal education plays an important role in shaping health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to pregnancy care. Mothers with higher education levels tend to have better awareness and understanding of the importance of routine pregnancy check-ups. However, irregular antenatal visits are still found in several regions, including the working area of the Gandasuli Community Health Center, South Bacan District, South Halmahera Regency, North Maluku Province.Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between mother’s education level and the regularity of pregnancy check-ups at the Gandasuli Community Health Center, South Bacan District, South Halmahera Regency, North Maluku Province.Methods: This study employed a quantitative analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 30 pregnant women selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and maternal health records to assess education level and the regularity of antenatal care visits. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test.Results: The results of the Wilcoxon test showed a significant relationship between mother’s education level and the regularity of pregnancy check-ups, with a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between mother’s education level and the regularity of pregnancy check-ups at the Gandasuli Community Health Center. Improving maternal education and strengthening health education programs are essential to increase compliance with routine antenatal care visits and improve maternal and fetal health outcomes.  

Skin diseases are common health problems in boarding school environments due to communal living conditions. The implementation of Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) plays an important role in preventing skin diseases and can be strengthened through pharmaceutical education. This study aimed to determine the relationship between PHBS knowledge based on pharmaceutical education and skin disease prevention behavior among Islamic boarding school students. This study employed an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 31 students were included using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using appropriate bivariate statistical tests. The results showed that most respondents had a high level of PHBS knowledge (61.29%) and good skin disease prevention behavior (58.06%). Bivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between PHBS knowledge and skin disease prevention behavior (p < 0.05). This study concludes that PHBS knowledge based on pharmaceutical education is associated with skin disease prevention behavior among boarding school students. Continuous pharmaceutical education is recommended as a promotive and preventive strategy to improve students’ health in boarding school settings.

This study aims to determine the level of knowledge of U16 women's national team athletes regarding injury management using the PRICES (Protect, Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation, Support) method to improve athlete safety.. The study used a quantitative descriptive method with a cross-sectional approach. Data were collected through a Google Form questionnaire with 21 athletes as subjects. Data were classified using the Guttman scale and a dichotomous scale, then converted into a five-criteria scale. The data were processed using SPSS 22. The average score obtained was 136.81 with the lowest score being 117 and the highest score being 150. There were 8 (38.10%) subjects in the very high category, 10 (47.62%) subjects in the high category, and 3 (14.29%) subjects in the moderate category. These results indicate that the average subject's knowledge of the PRICES method is in the high or fairly good category. This indicates that most athletes have understood the basic principles of PRICES. An integrated educational program and practical simulation are needed in routine training to ensure that all athletes are able to apply the PRICES method quickly, precisely, and effectively when an injury occurs.

This study aims to analyze the relationship between production techniques, selection of textile materials and the level of sustainable fashion implementation in MSMEs in the fashion sector in Indonesia. The method used in this study is a quantitative approach with an expplanatory descriptive design. Data was collected through a questionnaire distributed to MSME respondents in the fashion sector and collected 100 respondents. The variables tested in this study are knowledge of sustainable fashion, production techniques used by MSMEs and textile materials applied in production. Data analysis used validity, readiness, t-test and multiple linear regression tests. The results of the study show that production techniques have a significant influence on the level of sustainable fashion implementation, with a p-value of 0.041. Meanwhile, textile knowledge and materials did not show a significant influence on the implementation of sustainable fashion with a p-value of >0.05. The value of the determination coefficient (R2) for production techniques is very high at 0.95, which shows that production techniques are the most influential factor in the implementation of sustainable fashion in MSMEs in the fashion sector to prioritize the development of sustainable production techniques as the main step towards increasing sustainability in the fashion sector.

Personal hygiene is an essential factor in maintaining the health and quality of life of the elderly, as aging is often accompanied by a decline in physical strength, mobility, and cognitive function that can reduce the ability to maintain personal cleanliness independently. Limited understanding of the importance of personal hygiene may increase the risk of infections, skin disorders, and other health complications, making education and awareness crucial for promoting better hygiene behavior. This study used a descriptive correlational design with a cross-sectional approach involving 204 elderly individuals residing at the Pucang Gading Elderly Social Service Home in Semarang and Wening Wardoyo Ungaran, with 135 respondents selected using a non-probability sampling technique. Data were collected using validated and reliable questionnaires measuring the level of understanding and personal hygiene practices and were analyzed using the Somers’d statistical test. The results showed that most respondents were female (60%) and aged between 70–79 years (48.9%). The level of understanding of personal hygiene among the elderly was predominantly in the moderate category (72.6%), and their personal hygiene practices were also mostly categorized as moderate (72.6%). Statistical analysis revealed a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05) with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.472, indicating a positive and significant relationship between the level of understanding and personal hygiene practices. These findings suggest that improving knowledge through continuous education and guidance from health workers is necessary to enhance awareness, independence, and hygiene behavior among the elderly.