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This article examines needs analysis and curriculum analysis as the foundational bases for developing effective teaching materials. Using a library research method, this study reviews various scientific journal articles, reference books, and relevant official documents. Needs analysis is a systematic process conducted to identify the gap between students' current conditions and the competencies they are expected to achieve, serving as the most critical stage in determining the direction of teaching material development. Meanwhile, curriculum analysis is carried out to ensure that the teaching materials developed remain aligned with competency standards, learning outcomes, content structure, and applicable educational policies. The integration of both analyses produces teaching materials that are not only contextually relevant to students' real conditions but also consistent with curriculum demands. Systematic steps in this integration including learner characteristic analysis, curriculum document review, material priority mapping, and authentic assessment design significantly contribute to improving the quality, effectiveness, and meaningfulness of learning. This article concludes that needs analysis and curriculum analysis are inseparable and must be conducted systematically before the development of teaching materials begins.

Taste.ki MSME, a café in Makassar, faces challenges from intense competition and an suboptimal digital marketing strategy, relying only on Instagram without a consistent content strategy. This study aims to design a website integrated with Instagram to strengthen Brand Awareness and increase sales. The research employed the Four-D method (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate), and the website was designed using the Wordpress CMS. The results indicate that the website design was successfully implemented. The integration of the website with Instagram significantly improved Brand Awareness, evidenced by a Brand Recognition achievement of 88% and Brand Recall of 94%. Furthermore, this digital strategy positively impacted Taste.ki MSME's sales, showing an increase of 79.20%. This improvement confirms the crucial role of a website as an information hub and conversion channel in an MSME's digital marketing strategy to compete effectively in the digital era.

The implementation of predictive maintenance supported by SAP Plant Maintenance (SAP PM) at PT Xyz has proven to be effective in reducing machine downtime, lowering maintenance costs, and improving asset reliability. The integration of SAP PM with Industry 4.0 technologies such as IoT sensors, AI-based analytics, and real-time notification systems strengthens operational efficiency and ensures continuous performance. Empirical results show improvements in key performance indicators, including a 20-25% reduction in downtime, a 30% reduction in maintenance costs, an increase in asset availability to 97%, an MTBF extension of up to 511 hours, and an OEE rate of 92.1%. These findings highlight the strategic role of digital predictive maintenance in increasing competitiveness and supporting long-term sustainability in manufacturing operations.

This study aims to analyze the invoice issuance procedure in the billing process for clinker transportation services using the CSMS (Customer Service Management System) at PT Semen Indonesia Logistik (SILOG). The primary focus of the research is on the workflow within the billing and reporting unit, as well as the identification of challenges and recommendations for improvement in the process. This research adopts a case study method with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Four informants were selected using purposive sampling. The findings indicate that the billing process begins with the receipt of documents from partners, followed by document verification, data entry into the CSMS system, and invoice printing. Invoice creation is done manually so that delays often occur due to data discrepancies, input errors, incomplete documents, etc .The implications of this study reveal that despite the implementation of CSMS, technical and administrative obstacles still hinder efficiency. Improvements are needed through automated data input, integration of the contract database, and refinement of standard operating procedures (SOPs) to expedite and enhance the billing process. These findings can serve as a reference for developing a more effective digital billing system in the logistics sector.

The number of cases of sexual violence against children in Indonesia remains alarming, particularly among elementary school-aged children. One factor contributing to children's high vulnerability is a lack of understanding of body boundaries and self-protection. Furthermore, education about the body and self-protection is often considered taboo, resulting in inadequate communication with children. This article discusses the application of a positive narrative approach in writing an educational animation script entitled "Aku Jaga Tubuhku" (I Take Care of My Body) as a self-protection literacy medium for children aged 6–9 years. The research used a descriptive method, outlining the script design process through pre-production, production, and post-production stages. The positive narrative approach was implemented through the development of story, dialogue, characters, and conflict that emphasize child empowerment without creating excessive fear. The results indicate that this approach can help children understand the concepts of body boundaries, safe touch, and unsafe touch in a more concrete and emotionally secure manner. The integration of song elements as memory aids also strengthens children's understanding and retention of the message. Thus, writing an animation script based on a positive narrative can be an effective educational communication strategy for conveying self-protection literacy to elementary school-aged children.

Civic Education holds a strategic position within the national education system as the primary instrument for shaping the personality of citizens in alignment with the values of Pancasila. This research is motivated by the phenomenon of moral degradation and the fading spirit of nationalism among the younger generation due to the unfiltered influence of globalization. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the extent of Civic Education's role in the school environment in transforming student character to possess noble morals, broad national insight, and a deep love for the motherland. The research method employed is a literature study with a qualitative approach, where data were collected through the analysis of various curriculum documents, scientific journals, and textbooks relevant to the implementation of the independent curriculum. Research findings indicate that Civic Education is not merely a theoretical transfer of civic knowledge but rather an effective process of value internalization through behavioral habituation within the school environment. The integration of teaching materials with practical applications in school life is proven to increase students' awareness of their rights and obligations as citizens. The analysis also reveals that strengthening moral character and national insight highly depends on teacher creativity in delivering interactive learning that is relevant to the students' social reality. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of revitalizing Civic Education teaching methods to be more adaptive to modern developments without losing national identity. Schools are expected to serve as laboratories of democracy and centers for sowing patriotic values to produce a golden generation that is not only intellectually competent but also possesses strong moral integrity to maintain the integrity of the Republic of Indonesia.

The era of digital disruption has brought significant moral and spiritual challenges for young people in their use of social media. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Christian ethics education in social media use among youth at the GWI Wesleyan Methodist Congregation of Tanjung Selamat as an effort to develop digital character grounded in Christian values. The study employed a community service approach using participatory methods through pre-tests, post-tests, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), reflective discussions, and digital literacy practices. The theological foundation of this study is based on Wesleyan social ethics, which emphasizes the integration of personal holiness and social holiness in digital life. The educational program also integrated the four pillars of digital literacy, digital skills, digital culture, digital ethics, and digital safety, into a contextual Christian Religious Education framework. The findings indicate a significant improvement in digital literacy understanding, ethical awareness, critical thinking toward digital information, and behavioral transformation in the responsible and value-based use of social media according to Christian principles. This transformation was reflected in increased awareness of digital footprints, stronger personal account security, the removal of negative content, and participants’ initiatives to create spiritual and educational content on social media. The study concludes that Christian ethics education based on digital literacy can serve as an effective means of moral and social transformation for young people while highlighting the strategic role of the church in shaping a humane, peaceful, and Kingdom of God-oriented digital character in the digital era.

This study analyzes the evolution of indigenous knowledge within the context of Islamic da'wah in South Sulawesi, focusing on social and cultural dimensions. This research is predicated on the premise that Islamic da'wah in South Sulawesi evolves within a social framework influenced by persistent local cultural values and traditions. In this context, local wisdom serves as both a cultural identity and a strategic vehicle for disseminating Islamic doctrines. This research seeks to examine the transformation of local wisdom within Islamic da'wah methods and to discern its social and cultural ramifications. The study utilized a qualitative methodology using a descriptive-analytical framework. Data were gathered by library research, observation, and comprehensive interviews with religious leaders, traditional leaders, and community people engaged in culturally oriented da'wah activities. The results indicate that the evolution of local wisdom transpires through the adaptation, accommodation, and reinterpretation of indigenous cultural values within the context of Islamic teachings. This method makes da'wah more acceptable to society, enhances social integration, protects local cultural identity, and encourages a moderate, inclusive, and contextual type of religiosity.

This study examines the theological tension between devotion to God and the influence of mammon within the context of church ministry, as reflected in Matius 6:24. The research aims to analyze how materialism shapes attitudes, motivations, and practices in ecclesiastical service, particularly in relation to financial and administrative responsibilities. The method employed is a literature analysis combined with a phenomenological approach, allowing for an integration of biblical teachings and lived ministry experiences. The findings reveal that mammon is not merely a material entity but a competing spiritual force that demands human loyalty, often subtly influencing the orientation of ministry. Materialism, therefore, emerges as a critical challenge to ministerial integrity, especially in contexts involving financial management. The novelty of this study lies in its integration of theological reflection with empirical ministry experience, emphasizing that integrity in church service is not only tested in spiritual expressions but also in the handling of material resources. This study contributes to practical theology by offering a contextual understanding of how faithfulness to God must be maintained amidst the persistent tension between spiritual calling and material demands.

In the face of Indonesia’s escalating family crises amid rapid digital disruption and post-pandemic social recovery, this study proposes a novel “Dual-Ethos Synergy Model” that integrates the Fruits of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22–23) with the second principle of Pancasila, namely “Just and Civilized Humanity.” The study is grounded in qualitative fieldwork conducted at Gereja Bethel Indonesia Pemulihan Keluarga Allah (GBI PKA). The findings demonstrate that the integration of Christian spiritual values and civic ethics fosters restorative character formation within families and church communities. This synergy produces practical outcomes, including stronger empathy in community service, improved interpersonal relationships, and more constructive conflict resolution practices. Using data gathered through nine in-depth interviews, participant observations, and document analysis, the study addresses existing gaps in urban church discipleship by combining spiritual transformation with social responsibility and civic engagement. The proposed model also offers implications for scalable digital-hybrid ministry programs focused on family restoration and contributes to the development of contextual theological praxis within pluralistic and multicultural societies. Limitations of the study and recommendations for future research are also discussed.

 The ecological crisis calls for faith formation that can foster contextual ecological awareness among the faithful. One relevant approach is through catechesis that integrates local wisdom, such as the Batang Garing symbol in Dayak culture. This study aims to explore the ecological values embedded in the Batang Garing symbol and to reflect on them in the light of Church teachings in order to formulate a contextual ecological catechesis model. The method used is qualitative research with a literature study approach, employing descriptive-analytical and comparative analysis of theological and cultural sources. The findings show that Batang Garing contains values of relationality, cosmic balance, and moral responsibility that are aligned with the concept of integral ecology in Church teachings. The integration of these values into catechesis enables a more contextual, communicative, and transformative faith formation. The implication of this study highlights the importance of developing catechetical models based on local culture as an effective means to foster ecological awareness among the faithful and to encourage concrete actions in caring for creation as an expression of faith.

Islamic education in this era of disruption faces a double challenge: the demand for complex professional competencies and the moral degradation of students. Law No. 14 of 2005 has established four pillars of teacher competency, but this framework is often interpreted administratively and has not touched on the deeper ethical-spiritual foundations. This study aims to revitalize the concept of teacher competency by synthesizing the values of adab mu'allim from the book At-Tibyan by Imam An-Nawawi into modern teacher competency standards. This study uses a qualitative method with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. Data were collected through documentation of classical texts and indexed journal articles (2015-2025), then analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña. The results show a strong overlap between the values of At-Tibyan and the Teacher and Lecturer Law. Personal Competence is strengthened by sincerity and muraqabah; Social Competence is deepened by rifq (gentleness); and Professional Competence is perfected by the concepts of itqan (validation of the chain of transmission of knowledge) and hirshu (fighting spirit). This integration offers a “Complete Teacher” paradigm who is not only technically professional but also has spiritual authority in shaping students' character in the digital age.

This study addresses the limited integration of environmental education, Islamic values, and creative learning practices in existing pedagogical models. It proposes an eco-friendly Islamic calligraphy approach as an innovative medium for recycling-based learning that promotes both ecological awareness and spiritual development. The study adopts a Participatory Action Research (PAR) design involving 22 students from diverse educational levels at Sanggar Bimbingan Bintang Sembilan. Data were collected through structured observations, semi-structured interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using an iterative qualitative framework to identify changes in students’ cognitive, affective, and behavioral domains. The findings indicate that students initially exhibited low environmental awareness, minimal engagement, and limited ability to utilize recyclable materials creatively. Following the intervention, there was a substantial increase in active participation, creative output, and conceptual understanding of environmental sustainability. Students also demonstrated observable behavioral shifts, particularly in waste reuse practices and environmental responsibility. In addition, the incorporation of Islamic values reinforced ethical awareness and strengthened students’ sense of stewardship toward the environment. This study contributes to the advancement of interdisciplinary learning by offering a contextual and practice-oriented model that integrates environmental education, religious values, and art-based pedagogy. The proposed approach not only enhances student engagement but also fosters holistic learning outcomes, making it a viable alternative to conventional instructional methods in sustainability education.

Work motivation, job satisfaction, and employee performance are key aspects of management psychology that continue to evolve as organizational productivity demands increase. In an era of global competition, organizations are required to manage human resources effectively by enhancing work motivation and job satisfaction to achieve optimal performance. This study aims to examine the relationship between work motivation and employee performance, as well as to analyze the role of job satisfaction as a mediating variable in that relationship. The method used is a literature review with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through the Google Scholar and Publish or Perish databases using keywords related to work motivation, job satisfaction, and employee performance from a management psychology perspective. From 25 articles found between 2022 and 2026, 5 of the most relevant articles were selected for further analysis.The results of the study indicate that work motivation has a significant influence on employee performance, both directly and indirectly through job satisfaction as a mediating variable. Additionally, there is a growing trend toward the integration of management psychology approaches in efforts to enhance employee performance. Thus, it can be concluded that the simultaneous management of motivation and job satisfaction is a key factor in achieving optimal performance. Further research is recommended to develop a more comprehensive and integrative model.

The development of modern organizations requires the integration of psychological aspects into management practices in order to enhance individual performance and well-being. Issues such as work stress, motivation, and psychology-based leadership have become increasingly important in responding to the dynamics of complex work environments. This study aims to examine the development and trends in management psychology and to identify its contributions to organizational practices. The research questions posed are: (1) how has management psychology research developed over the past five years, and (2) what are the main themes and their contributions to organizational management. The method used is a qualitative approach with a literature review through the Google Scholar and Publish or Perish databases using the keyword “management psychology.” A total of 20 articles were obtained, then selected through a screening and eligibility process, resulting in 5 articles being analyzed. The results of the review indicate three main themes, namely stress management and psychological well-being, work motivation, and psychology-based leadership and human resource management. These findings confirm that psychology plays a strategic role in improving organizational effectiveness. This study concludes the importance of a holistic approach in management psychology and recommends further, more integrative research.

Waste management remains a critical environmental issue due to the lack of public awareness in separating organic and inorganic waste, resulting in accumulation and environmental pollution This study aims to analyze and evaluate the development of automatic waste sorting systems based on proximity sensors with full-capacity notification using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach.. The proposed system utilizes a combination of sensors, including proximity sensors for material identification and ultrasonic sensors for detecting object presence and bin capacity, integrated with a microcontroller for real-time processing. Additionally, the system is equipped with IoT-based monitoring that allows users to receive notifications when the waste bin reaches its capacity. The research method involves system design, hardware and software integration, and functional testing to evaluate system performance. The results indicate that the system is capable of sorting waste automatically with a high level of accuracy and responsiveness, while also providing real-time monitoring to support waste management operations. The implementation of this system can reduce manual intervention, increase operational efficiency, and promote better waste segregation practices. Furthermore, this study highlights the potential of integrating smart technology into environmental management systems, contributing both theoretically and practically to the development of sustainable waste management solutions.

The smart city concept has emerged as a primary solution to address various global urbanization challenges. However, its implementation in developing countries frequently encounters unique obstacles, such as limited infrastructure, constrained budgets, and varying levels of community readiness. This study aims to identify and analyze the critical success factors for smart city implementation in developing nations using a literature review approach. The research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, adapting the PRISMA guidelines. Data collection was conducted by screening scientific articles from leading academic databases published over the last five years. The review results indicate that the success of a smart city in developing contexts does not rely solely on technological advancement. There are four primary dimensions acting as determinants: (1) the governance dimension, encompassing regulatory support and bureaucratic transparency; (2) the technological infrastructure dimension, involving equitable internet access and centralized data integration; (3) the human resources dimension, focusing on the digital literacy of citizens and government apparatus; and (4) the financial dimension, which includes innovative financing models and public-private partnerships. The conclusion of this review emphasizes that cross-sector collaboration and strong leadership commitment remain the most crucial foundations. These findings are expected to provide a strategic reference framework for local governments in designing more sustainable and targeted smart city roadmaps.

Limited competence among teachers in systematically managing scientific references remains one of the main challenges in producing high-quality scientific writing. This community service activity aims to enhance the competence of Biology MGMP teachers in Sidoarjo in reference management through a Smart Referencing approach using the Mendeley application as a Reference Management System. The methods employed include training sessions, hands-on practice, and mentoring in the use of Mendeley, covering installation, library management, and the automatic integration of citations and bibliographies into scientific documents. The evaluation of the activity was conducted through questionnaire distribution to measure participants’ improvement in understanding and skills. The analysis results indicate that several technical aspects, such as the use of the Mendeley plugin in Microsoft Word (score = 3.40) and the overall ease of use of the application (score = 3.00), fall into the high category on a maximum scale of 4. This suggests that although the application is perceived as useful, there is still a need for initial adaptation in its usage. Furthermore, the overall mean score of all questionnaire items is 3.74, with a satisfaction index of 93.5%, which falls into the very high category. These findings indicate that the Mendeley-based Smart Referencing training received very positive responses and was effective in improving participants’ understanding and skills in reference management for scientific writing.

This community service activity aims to describe the process and impact of the UMKM-Based Sepak Takraw Tournament for all of West Sumatra (Piala Limkos Sedunia) held in Nagari Sikucur, V Koto Kampung Dalam District, Padang Pariaman Regency, West Sumatra, as part of the Regular KKN Program of Universitas Negeri Padang for the January–February 2026 period. The method used is participatory action research with a qualitative descriptive approach. Activities were carried out for 30 days (January 9–February 8, 2026), involving 32 teams from 19 districts/cities across West Sumatra and hundreds of local UMKM actors. KKN students served as media partners, live streaming hosts on social media, and documentation committees. Results indicate that the tournament successfully stimulated the local economy with significant financial turnover through a 14-day UMKM bazaar, increased promotion of traditional sepak takraw sports, and strengthened social cohesion among nagari residents. The activity also contributed as an athlete development platform ahead of the West Sumatra Provincial Sports Week (PORPROV) 2028. The integration of sport events with UMKM empowerment has proven to be an effective strategy for improving rural community welfare.

Vision+ pay television. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach to gain an in-depth understanding of Public Relations practices at MNC Channels. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman interactive model which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the role of Public Relations is not yet fully optimized, especially in the strategic decision-making process. Public Relations functions more as a technical implementer of communication rather than as a management advisor. This condition has an impact on the less than optimal efforts to strengthen the Vision+ brand image. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the role of Public Relations as an expert prescriber, communication facilitator, problem-solving facilitator, and communication technician to support the company's communication strategy and improve brand image. In addition, this study also found that internal coordination, utilization of digital media, and consistency of communication messages are important factors in building positive public perception. The lack of integration between the Public Relations function and strategic management causes the messages delivered to be not fully aligned with brand positioning