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This research utilizes waste from PLTU Tanjung Jati B Jepara, namely FABA (Fly ash Bottom Ash) as an alternative to fine and coarse aggregate. From this research, the physical properties of faba aggregate can be seen from the results of the faba aggregate sieve analysis test, which obtained a fineness modulus value of 1.74, which is included in the medium aggregate type. The water content of fine aggregate (fly ash) obtained a value of 3.63% and coarse aggregate (bottom ash) obtained a value of 1.5%. The fine aggregate sludge content (fly ash) obtained a value of 0%. The fine aggregate organic substance (fly ash) acquires a reddish brown NaOH color, therefore it must be washed before being used as a concrete mixture. The face dry specific gravity of fine aggregate (fly ash) obtained a value of 2.63 gr/cm2 and coarse aggregate 2.52 gr/cm2. From the data that has been obtained, faba aggregate is considered to have physical properties that meet the requirements for fine aggregate and can be used as a substitute for sand. The results of the final compressive strength of faba concrete and normal concrete at the age of 7 days and 28 days showed that the compressive strength of normal concrete (control) was higher than that of faba concrete. The standard deviation values ​​at the ages of 7 and 28 days are included in perfect working conditions because they have a standard deviation value of less than 3 MPa. From the results of the concrete flexural strength test, only the control concrete was 1;1.5 with a flexural strength of 4.18 MPa, which is close to SNI 2847:2013, namely with a minimum flexural strength of fs = 4.4 MPa. Normal concrete has a higher flexural strength than faba concrete. Based on tests carried out with the planned mix design, the 1:1.5 variation obtained the highest results.

The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of load balancing implementation on website service performance to enhance system efficiency and reliability. The research object is a website accessed through seven service endpoints: Login, Homepage, Blog, About, Shop, Contact, and Post Checkout, with a total of 3,500 requests. The testing was conducted under two scenarios: a single server architecture and an architecture utilizing a load balancer (HAProxy) implementing the Round Robin algorithm. The testing method employed Apache JMeter to simulate load and measure various performance parameters, including average response time, throughput, standard deviation, bandwidth usage, average response size, and error rate. The results indicate that the use of a load balancer significantly reduced the average response time from 7,551 ms to 3,278 ms, increased throughput from 12.5 to 27.3 requests per second, and improved response time stability by reducing standard deviation across all endpoints. Bandwidth usage also increased without changes in average response size, with the error rate remaining at 0% in both scenarios. The study concludes that implementing load balancing with HAProxy effectively enhances website service performance in terms of efficiency, capacity, and system stability, and is recommended as a performance improvement solution in resource-constrained environments.

The growth of digital technology and social media platforms has promoted intercultural communication, especially in second language acquisition by non-native speakers. This study examines phonological deviations in the Indonesian pronunciation of SunnyDahye, a South Korean influencer who frequently uses the language in her TikTok content. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected from five purposively selected videos based on the clarity of audio and frequency of Indonesian usage. The analysis focused on segmental (consonants and vowels) and suprasegmental (intonation and stress) features using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). Findings reveal notable instances of phonological interference, including the substitution of the alveolar trill /r/ with /l/, mispronunciations of the schwa vowel /ə/ replaced with /e/ or /a/, and flat intonation patterns influenced by Korean prosody. These deviations are rooted in the phonological system of the Korean language, which lacks certain Indonesian phonemes and prosodic features. The results emphasize the influence of first language phonology on second language articulation and underscore the importance of incorporating contrastive phonetic analysis in Bahasa Indonesia instruction for foreign learners. The study contributes to broader discussions in applied linguistics and second language pedagogy, particularly for the Indonesian for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) program.

Structural failure in construction projects is a critical issue that not only endangers public safety but also triggers legal consequences for parties involved. This study explores mechanical structural failure from technical, legal, and professional responsibility perspectives. Technically, structural failures are often caused by inadequate planning, poor-quality materials, and improper construction practices. Legally, the Indonesian Construction Services Law (Law No. 2 of 2017) and the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) provide a foundation for holding parties accountable, both civilly and criminally, especially when failures result in significant losses or casualties. The research also discusses the roles and responsibilities of construction consultants and contractors. Consultants are responsible for accurate design and oversight, while contractors must ensure implementation aligns with technical specifications and safety standards. Any negligence or deviation from duties by either party can lead to legal liability. This paper emphasizes the importance of integrating technical diligence with legal compliance to ensure the success and safety of construction projects.

The era of disruption marked by the rapid development of technology and information brings serious challenges to the world of education, especially in shaping the faith and morals of students. Islamic Religious Education (PAI) has a strategic role in protecting students from the negative influences of this era, through strengthening faith in Allah SWT as the main foundation for character formation. This study aims to analyze the urgency of faith in shaping the faith and morals of students in the midst of the flow of disruption. The approach used is qualitative with a literature study method, reviewing various scientific literature, journals, and relevant documents. The results of the study show that strong faith is the main driver in the commendable behavior of students and a shield against moral relativism and social deviation. Religious education must be integrated comprehensively into the curriculum, teacher training, and learning environments that support the internalization of divine values. In conclusion, strengthening faith in Allah is very urgent as a basis for forming strong faith and morals in facing the challenges of the era of disruption.

This study examines the pivotal role of artificial intelligence (AI) in talent attraction within the human resources sector, particularly in the context of modern technological advancements. We aim to understand the influence of AI on recruitment processes and identify factors affecting talent attraction in the information age, as well as the associated challenges. The study focuses on how AI impacts recruitment and utilizes statistical methods, including interviews, questionnaires, standard deviation, arithmetic mean, and Spearman's rank correlation, to achieve accurate results. Participants included 100 employees and professors from the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, with a research community of around 750. Findings suggest that organizations employing AI for recruiting, attracting, training, and guiding individuals tend to succeed. The study recommends the urgent integration of AI into organizational operations, urging a shift from traditional applicant comparison methods to modern assessment techniques while avoiding favoritism. Additionally, organizations should implement contemporary training programs to boost employee performance.

The development of contemporary church music, as part of the dynamic life of Christian worship, has sparked various responses—both as a relevant cultural expression and as a potential theological deviation. Music that adopts popular styles and emotionally expressive forms is often considered effective in engaging younger generations, yet it also raises concerns about shifting the focus of worship from God to human experience. This article aims to theologically examine the presence of contemporary church music in light of biblical principles of Christian worship. The method used is a descriptive qualitative literature study, drawing from theological works and research published within the last five years. The findings show that although contemporary music can serve as an effective means of fostering congregational spirituality, it must be theologically tested to ensure that musical expression does not obscure the Christ-centered essence of worship. Therefore, the church is called to integrate contemporary music into liturgy with discernment and theological responsibility.

This study describes the morpho-stylistic and the semantic-stylistic features used in the top four songs of Arctic Monkeys’ AM album, namely, “I Wanna Be Yours,” “Do I Wanna Know?”, “Why’d You Only Call Me When You’re High?” and “No. 1 Party Anthem.” This research conducted using a qualitative descriptive method derived from the linguistic deviation theory by Leech analyses of the lyrical texts for their morphological and semantic deviations like informal contractions, neologism, objectification, metaphors and irony. Taking language out of the box, the findings show that Arctic Monkeys have consistently broken linguistic norms in order to produce emotionality, stylistic nuance and lyrical uniqueness. These deviations greatly enhance the band’s lyrical identity of poetic and aesthetic qualities.

The common issue faced by newborn babies is their difficulty in regulating body temperature with their environment. This often leads to hypothermia, which is a significant cause of mortality in newborns. Therefore, biomedical equipment that can regulate temperature in the newborn environment is crucial. In the design and development research of an Infant Warmer Temperature Control System using the PID method, key components include the Atmega328P microcontroller, a Skin Sensor for monitoring baby body temperature, and an SSR driver circuit for heater control. The PID control method utilizes feedback mechanisms to correct errors between measured values and their deviations.To ascertain accuracy, functional testing was conducted using an Incubator Analyzer. The comparison between the skin sensor and the Incubator Analyzer showed minimal differences, with the largest difference being 0.15℃ and the smallest 0.01℃. It can be concluded that the skin sensor readings are accurate within tolerance limits. The maximum error percentage of the device was 0.2%, while the minimum error percentage was 0%. Based on these findings, it is concluded that the PID method Infant Warmer temperature control system designed functions effectively, manages overshoot well, and maintains stability.

Research on the preservation of local culture amidst globalization emphasizes the importance of a systematic educational strategy aligned with government policy. The main focus of this study is the role of educational institutions in introducing and maintaining the sustainability of Simalungun culture, considering that the cultural knowledge of the younger generation is declining due to modernization and the influence of the media. The research objective was to develop and evaluate SIMALOKA, an artificial intelligence-based framework with a teacher-in-the-loop approach that integrates Simalungun language, arts, rituals, and crafts into both formal and non-formal curricula. The method used combines natural language processing to tag content, a knowledge graph to map cultural concepts and skills, and a multi-objective optimization algorithm to develop balanced learning modules according to the cultural calendar. The system was tested using a dataset containing 1,850 cultural learning objects and produced modules with an average cultural coverage deviation of 3.4%, a content relevance score of 0.92, and an engagement rate of 87.1%, superior to two state-of-the-art baseline models. The results show that the combination of AI-based optimization and human validation can maintain cultural authenticity while significantly increasing student participation. These findings strengthen the hypothesis that context-sensitive, technology-based curriculum design can strengthen local cultural identity without neglecting educational policy demands. The study's conclusions confirm that SIMALOKA is a large-scale model that can be adapted to other local cultures, providing important implications for policymakers, educators, and cultural organizations in maintaining the sustainability of cultural heritage. Future research directions are directed at assessing long-term retention, resource constraints, and cross-cultural adaptation to make cultural preservation more inclusive and effective.

Stunting is a failure to achieve physical development measured by weight for age. The limitation of stunting is height according to age based on Z-score equal to or less than -2SD (Standard Deviation) below the standard average. In 2005 - 2011 Indonesia ranked fifth with the highest prevalence of stunting. The purpose this study was to analyze the factors that influence the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months. This study used a literature review method conducted by searching for relevant journals trough Google Scholar, Garuda, PubMed and DOAJ database. Inclusion criteria for reviewing the content of references in English and Indonesia publish in the last ten years. Research result from various literatures show that research finding from various sources indicate that the factor influencing stunting toddler aged 24-59 months include maternal knowledge, exclusive breastfeeding, and disease history.

One of the nutritional problems that occur in children under five is stunting, also known as chronic nutritional problems due to insufficient fulfillment for long periods of time. A child under five is considered to have stunted nutritional status if his height is less than minus two median standard deviations of the World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards. Stunting is caused by direct causes, namely nutritional intake, infectious diseases, exclusive breastfeeding, indirect causes, namely sanitation, education, parental knowledge, income, number of family members, resources, technology, and the environment. This study aims to determine the factors that affect the incidence of stunting. This study aims to determine the factors that affect the incidence of stunting. This type of research is observational research analytic case control approach. The research samples were 49 stunted children (case Group) and 49 children without stunting (control group) in the working area of Bukit Gadeng Public Health Center, Bahagia District, South Aceh Regency, Aceh province. The Data were analyzed by performing Chi-square analysis test and the value of (OR) Odds ratio. The results showed a significant value of maternal knowledge (p-value=0.00); (OR=72.45), environmental sanitation hygiene (p-value=0.001); (OR= 2.14), history of exclusive breastfeeding (p-value=0.00); (OR= 19.37), history of infectious diseases (p-value=0.064); (OR= 3.45). Conclusion maternal knowledge, environmental sanitation hygiene, and history of exclusive breastfeeding affect the incidence of stunting and infectious disease history does not affect the incidence of stunting in the Bukit Gadeng Public Health Center, Bahagia District, and South Aceh Regency. Knowledge, sanitation hygiene, and Exclusive, breastfeeding, affect the incidence of stunting and infectious disease does not affect the incidence of stunting in the Bukit Gadeng Public Health Center, Bahagia District, and South Aceh Regency.

This study aims to determine the effect of the hoop target game on improving free throw skills among extracurricular basketball participants of grade X at SMA Negeri 1 Subang. The background of this research is based on the importance of free throw ability as one of the fundamental techniques that significantly influence success in basketball games, while many students still experience difficulties in achieving shooting accuracy. The research method employed was an experimental approach with a One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The study population consisted of all 15 students participating in the basketball extracurricular program, who were also used as the research sample through a total sampling technique. The instrument used to collect data was a free throw shooting test. The validity test produced a coefficient of 0.860 and reliability of 0.750, indicating that the instrument was feasible to use. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics and significance testing. The pretest results showed a minimum score of 1, maximum of 5, mean of 3.00, and a standard deviation of 1.195. Meanwhile, the posttest results indicated a minimum score of 3, maximum of 8, mean of 4.933, and a standard deviation of 1.222. The hypothesis test produced a significance value of p = 0.000 < 0.05, confirming that the hoop target training method had a significant effect on improving free throw ability. Thus, it can be concluded that the application of the hoop target game as a training method is effective in enhancing the free throw skills of basketball extracurricular participants at SMA Negeri 1 Subang. This research is expected to serve as a reference for physical education teachers and coaches in developing more varied and effective training methods to improve basic basketball skills.

This study aims to examine the application and deviation of conversational maxims in Grice's cooperative theory in the podcast "Sule and Rizwan". This podcast was chosen because it presents interactions full of humor, spontaneity, and communication dynamics that are interesting to study pragmatically. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with listening and note-taking techniques as data collection instruments. Data in the form of utterances containing maxims of quantity, quality, relevance, and method are analyzed based on Grice's cooperative principle. The results of the study show that the speakers in this podcast consciously or unconsciously apply the four Grice maxims, but also often deviate from them for the purpose of humor, satire, or dramatic effect. These deviations do not interfere with communication, but rather enrich the meaning and strengthen the appeal of the conversation. These findings indicate that violation of maxims in the context of entertainment is not a form of communication failure, but rather an effective pragmatic strategy.

This paper examines the story of King Saul seeking help from a medium in Endor as a tragic illustration of the spiritual downfall of a leader who was once chosen and anointed by God. In his distress and desperation, Saul chose a path that violated the law, marking his disconnection from God. This action not only shows a serious spiritual deviation, but also reveals the irony that a female medium becomes a means for God to deliver His judgment. It also explores Christian theological views on the practice of séances, including the moral and spiritual implications they bring. By comparing the historical and cultural background of Israel, and reviewing it from a biblical perspective, this paper emphasizes the importance of obedience to God's word and the dangers of involvement in the occult. The relevance of this story to the Christian life today serves as a reminder to remain steadfast in God's revelation and to distance ourselves from deviant spiritual practices. It also invites readers to reflect on the importance of maintaining spiritual integrity in facing the challenges of life.

A conveyor is a tool with a large rubber band arranged transversely between two pulleys at a constant speed as a transporter of solid material in this case coal with the provisions of the permitted amount. Damage to the conveyor tool has a major impact on the smooth running of a coal loading and unloading process, so a coal monitoring tool was designed using an ESP32 microcontroller-based data logger. The purpose of this study is to find out how to design a coal load monitoring tool based on a data logger using the Research and Development (R&D) method type ADDIE. Using the following types of testing: static and dynamic. The research results show that the load monitoring system based on a load cell and ESP32 microcontroller demonstrates high accuracy, with a reading deviation of less than 2% from the actual weight. The system is also considered effective, as it can detect loads, adjust the hatch door angle, and transmit data to Google Spreadsheet in real-time without disruptions. Its ability to adapt to varying loads indicates that the prototype operates stably, responsively, and in accordance with the design objectives.

The premeditated murder case involving Inspector General Ferdy Sambo has exposed various institutional pathologies in law enforcement institutions in Indonesia. This study aims to identify forms of bureaucratic deviation in these cases, such as protection of power, violation of professional ethics, attempts to obstruct justice, and the dominance of absolute power in the police structure. Using a qualitative approach and library research methods, this study analyzes scientific literature, legal documents, and media coverage. The findings indicate a systemic failure in internal supervision, weak accountability, and a strong culture of personal loyalty in a hierarchical and feudal bureaucratic structure. This shows that bureaucratic pathology is not solely caused by individuals, but is a product of an unhealthy organizational system with minimal transparency. This study emphasizes the importance of comprehensive structural and cultural reform in order to build credible, accountable, and professional legal institutions. This reform is crucial to forming a bureaucracy that is in the public interest and is able to uphold justice fairly and independently.

The problem of this research is how the implementation of the management control system in TOSERBA MMTC and what strategies are carried out to improve competitiveness in TOSERBA MMTC. The purpose of this study is to determine how the implementation of the management control system in TOSERBA MMTC and to determine what strategies are carried out to improve competitiveness in TOSERBA MMTC. This research method uses a qualitative approach. The data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study TOSERBA MMTC has implemented a structured management control system at three levels: strategic, operational, and financial. Strategic involves quarterly planning based on historical data; operational combines computerized information systems and a collaborative work culture; while finance applies tiered authorization and bottom-up budgeting, which has successfully reduced budget deviations by 22%. To improve competitiveness, MMTC carries a hyperlocal strategy by selling 45% local products, digital transformation such as WhatsApp Business and dynamic discount systems, and marketing through local social media and digital loyalty programs, which have proven effective in increasing sales and customer retention.

This study aims to describe the application of Red Flags Analysis in detecting potential financial statement fraud in the Indonesian capital market, using a descriptive qualitative approach through a literature review from various secondary sources. The results show that Red Flags Analysis is effective in identifying various fraud indicators, such as financial statement anomalies, delayed report publication, doubtful audit opinions, and consistent deviation patterns observed among publicly listed companies in Indonesia. The findings also emphasize the critical role of collaboration among auditors, regulators, and company management in building a proactive and ethical oversight system. The comprehensive application of this method significantly contributes to strengthening transparency, enhancing accountability, protecting investors from fraud risks, and ultimately improving the quality of the national capital market.    

Critical thinking skills are an important competency in learning biology, especially in biodiversity materials that require analysis, reasoning, and decision-making. This study aims to determine the influence of the Guided Discovery Learning learning model  on the critical thinking ability of grade X students at SMA Negeri 2 Tondano. The method used was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample consisted of two classes, namely the control class that was taught using the conventional model and the experimental class that received treatment with the Guided Discovery Learning model. Data were collected through pretest and posttest written tests, and analyzed using normality, homogeneity, and t-test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the learning outcomes of students in the experimental class and the control class. The average posttest score of the experimental class was 81 higher than the control class of 63.5. In addition, the Tcal value of 4.65 is greater than the Ttable of 2.02 at a significance level of 0.05, which shows that  the Guided Discovery Learning model  has a positive influence on improving students' critical thinking skills. This result is also strengthened by a decrease in standard deviation which shows an equal distribution of understanding between students. This research contributes to the development of active learning strategies in biology education and suggests the application of this model to improve higher-level thinking skills. This model is also relevant applied to other topics in order to strengthen discovery-based learning and collaboration.