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CPO is the raw result of the oil extraction process from palm oil fruit. This substance is a rusty red liquid which has varying consistency characteristics depending on the ambient temperature conditions. The problems faced in handling CPO liquid bulk cargo are based on several factors, namely limited infrastructure, weather, distance and how the government regulates the sustainability of this industry at PT. Energi Unggul Persada. The aim of this research is to find out how the CPO liquid bulk transportation procedures are carried out by PT. Energi Unggul Persada, the main challenges faced in handling CPO liquid bulk cargo, as well as how government regulations and policies influence CPO liquid bulk cargo handling procedures and their impact on industrial desires at PT. Energi Unggul Persada. This type of research is qualitative research with descriptive methods. This research was carried out at PT. Energi Unggul Persada from February 2022 to April 2022. The data collection techniques used were interviews, observation, documentation. Meanwhile, the informants used as research were the Shipping Section Operational Experts and Field Coordinators PT. Energi Unggul Persada in Mempawah. The data that has been collected is then carried out by data reduction, data presentation and verification. The results of this research are first, the procedures that have been established by the company, namely, before loading begins, the surveyor and lodging master prepare the required documents such as: shipping instructions, ship shore checklist, dry certificate, and the tools used include: flexible hose, crane, floating line, and pump. To ensure that the quality of CPO / cargo meets standards, then during the loading process, the loading master supervises and is responsible for the implementation and smoothness of the loading activity. Second, the main challenges faced in the process of handling CPO liquid bulk cargo include the limited number of pipes, weather conditions at the jetty, and quite long line distances. Third, by committing to supporting a sustainable palm oil industry, the government is adjusting export levies on CPO and its derivatives, which are then channeled back to focus on developing the people’s palm oil industry.

Critical thinking skills are crucial for preparing students to face complex real-world problems and are a key component of 21st-century learning. This study aims to identify the critical thinking skill profile of 5th-grade elementary school students on the respiratory system material. Critical thinking is an essential skill in 21st-century education, particularly for developing students' abilities in analysis, evaluation, and argumentation. However, it is often neglected in science education at the elementary level. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method with survey techniques. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and classroom observations to assess students' critical thinking skills. The results indicate that among the 30 students tested, 15 were categorized as Fair, 12 as Low, and only 3 as Good. No student achieved the Very Good or Very Low category. The analysis of critical thinking indicators including analyzing, evaluating, composing arguments, and problem-solving reveals that while students possess a basic understanding, they struggle with more advanced critical thinking tasks. The study concludes that students' critical thinking skills remain limited to basic comprehension. This limitation is attributed to the dominance of rote learning methods and the lack of interactive and problem-solving-based instructional strategies. Future teaching approaches should prioritize active learning and the integration of critical thinking practices to enhance students' higher-order thinking skills.

Nongkosawit Village, which is located in Gunung Patti District, Semarang City, aims to improve the quality of services to the local community by implementing an optimal management system. This research aims to understand and analyze key factors that influence community satisfaction with Nongkosawit Village services, such as management, service quality, and the village's important role as a public service provider. This research identifies several problems that influence service quality in Nongkosawit District and investigates the impact of service quality on community satisfaction. A comprehensive problem-solving approach is applied, emphasizing the impact of employee competency and service facilities. Furthermore, this research explores the novelty in implementing modern management practices related to the characteristics of Nongkosawit Village. The research roadmap for the next five years is designed to implement concrete steps such as improving workforce skills, upgrading service facilities, and integrating information technology. This phase includes needs analysis and service quality assessment, improving employee skills, updating service facilities, integrating information technology, as well as ongoing evaluation and maintenance. It is hoped that the results of this research will make a major contribution to improving the quality of services in Nongkosawit Village and provide a theoretical and practical basis for further research and development. Therefore, it is hoped that this research will be able to formulate innovative solutions to support community satisfaction through improving the quality of public services in Nongkosawit Village.  

This project is motivated by the great potential of coffee as a product that is in demand, especially in the local environment of Babadan Village, Ngajum District, Malang Regency. However, UMKM Kopi Mbah Bongso has difficulty marketing its products online due to lack of knowledge about digital marketing and social media platforms. The methods used in this project are interviews and observations to understand the problems faced by UMKM Kopi Mbah Bongso. The results show that UMKM Kopi Mbah Bongso needs a better understanding of digital marketing and social media platforms to increase their sales. The solutions provided are digital marketing socialization, Linktree creation, and new Instagram account creation. Digital marketing socialization provides UMKM Kopi Mbah Bongso employees with an understanding of effective digital marketing strategies. Linktree creation makes it easier for consumers to access various links belonging to UMKM Kopi Mbah Bongso, such as social media profiles, websites, online stores, and other content. Creating a new Instagram account helps increase brand awareness and makes it easier for MSME Kopi Mbah Bongso to market their products online. This project has succeeded in increasing the understanding of MSME Kopi Mbah Bongso employees about digital marketing and social media platforms. This is expected to increase sales and operational efficiency of MSME Kopi Mbah Bongso.

Women's leadership in work teams or organizations is currently increasing. This shows the impact of the gender mainstreaming movement which is one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Apart from that, based on 2018-2021 McKinsey research, the results showed that women's leadership can create an egalitarian climate in work teams and be inclusive of people of diverse genders and sexualities or queer people, including gay people. This paper discusses women's leadership in gay work teams, with a focus on the perspective of gay members in work teams. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study type. The analysis in this research uses Queer Theory which was coined by Judith Butler. The findings of this research are that women's leadership in gay work teams is compatible because women and gays have the same problems, namely patriarchy and heteronormativity. This causes women to have empathy for gays because they also experience the same problems. Women also have gender-conscious empathy.

In the community of Langkuru Village, Pureman District, Alor Regency, there are often illegitimate children who cause problems because they become a topic of discussion in the community. The process of resolving illegitimate children can be carried out with national law or through customary law as is done by the community of Langkuru Village, East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). The settlement of illegitimate children according to customary law in Langkuru Village, Pureman District, Alor Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, is usually resolved in the Customary Warehouse (langwah) because the Customary Warehouse (langwah) is a place of peace for customary problems and never has to get a court decision because basically the residents of Langkuru Village can resolve it by mutual agreement, either a joint agreement with the family or a joint agreement according to custom. The position of illegitimate children in the distribution of inheritance in Langkuru Village remains the same as the distribution of inheritance against legitimate because it adheres to the matrilineal customary system. This type of research uses an empirical legal research type with a sociological legal approach and primary data sources and secondary data are then analyzed descriptively qualitatively.

This study aims to find out the process of applying customary law sanctions of Wunis Peheng in resolving the criminal act of persecution committed by police and TNI personnel against a resident in Golo Poleng village, Ndoso District, West Manggarai Regency. In addition, it also aims to find out whether the customary sanction of Wunis Peheng in resolving the crime of persecution can provide a sense of justice for residents. This research is categorized as empirical juridical research. The empirical juridical approach aims to analyze problems using legal materials related to problems that occur in the field. Data collection techniques are carried out by means of observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The data that is processed and analyzed based on the formulation of the problem that has been determined is then presented in a qualitative descriptive manner. The results of this study show that there are several stages in the process of applying customary sanctions of wunis peheng in the settlement of criminal acts of persecution, namely reporting cases of persecution to Tu'a Golo, summoning the parties involved in the persecution case, examination and verdicts of customary institutions, handing over Wunis Peheng from the perpetrator, Saying Traditional Prayers, Slaughtering ela (pigs). And several dimensions of justice in the provision of customary law sanctions, namely the rights of victims are fulfilled, restorative justice, and active participation of the community.  

The command to learn and teach has a great correlation with the development of technology. However, in reality, the development and progress of technology that is currently happening does not provide a guarantee to humans, especially Muslims, to become better individuals. The concepts brought by the Qur'an are always relevant to the problems faced by humans, because it comes down to dialogue with every person it meets, while also offering solutions to the problems it faces, whenever and wherever they are. More clearly, it will be explained in this paper about learning and teaching in the perspective of the Qur'an, This study uses a literature review method to explore the concept of learning and teaching in the perspective of the Qur'an. The ability to learn is a gift from God that is able to distinguish humans from other creatures. God gave humans reason to be able to learn and become leaders in this world

Humans will experience old age or old age (elderly) where when in that phase there will be a decrease in muscle mass so that it will affect the mobility of the elderly. Socialization of medicinal plants (TOGA) and ergonomics of movement for the elderly is knowledge provided for the elderly who live in Meruya Utara Village, especially in RT 004/09, where the number of elderly is quite large. This socialization is expected to help improve the knowledge and understanding of the elderly regarding the benefits of family medicinal plants and ergonomics of movement problems. The explanation of the use of TOGA plants that is conveyed is mainly related to the processing of TOGA, especially those that have properties for bone and muscle health where there are various types of TOGA that can maintain bone and muscle health such as ginger, temulawak, celery, and lemongrass. The explanation of ergonomic movement is conveyed starting from the type of elderly, problems faced, elderly diseases, safe activities for the elderly and a focus on rearranging the bathroom which is an area prone to frequent accidents for the elderly where the elderly bathroom must at least have a sitting toilet, railing, water reservoir, rough bathroom floor and a door handle with a handle

Sleep disorders such as insomnia are health problems that have a serious impact on quality of life. This research aims to design and build a brain wave stimulator based on Audio Visual Stimulation (AVS) as a non-invasive solution to help improve sleep quality. It utilizes a synchronized combination of light and sound, controlled by an Arduino NANO microcontroller, and supported by a DFPlayer Mini module, speakers, and blue LEDs as a stimulation medium. The research methods used are applied research with observation stages, literature studies, system design, tool implementation, and function testing. Functional tests were performed five times in a span of 15 minutes after the device was activated. The results of the voltage measurement on each component also show that the performance of the tool is within normal limits according to the datasheet. Thus, this tool successfully functions as designed and has the potential to be a viable solution to improve sleep quality.

This study aims to assess the impact of gamification on students' motivation and social collaboration in the educational environment. The problems identified were the low levels of motivation and collaboration in traditional learning methods. The aim of this study is to explore whether the application of gamification can improve both aspects. The methods used were experimental design with control groups and experiments, as well as the application of gamification class activities that included elements such as point systems, levels, and collaborative tasks. The main results showed that the experimental group experienced a significant increase in motivation and social collaboration compared to the control group. The average motivation score increased from 3.2 to 4.1, and the collaboration score increased from 3.0 to 4.0. These findings are in line with previous research that showed that gamification can increase student engagement through elements of games. In conclusion, gamification is an effective approach to increase students' motivation and social collaboration in learning.

The application of algorithms in the mentoring activity scheduling system is an innovative solution to overcome the complexity of time and resource management. This study aims to develop a mentoring activity scheduling system for Reading and Writing the Qur'an (BTQ) using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The PSO algorithm was chosen because of its ability to find optimal solutions efficiently through a particle population approach. This system is designed to meet the schedule preferences of students and supervisors, taking into account the limited time available and the interrelationships between schedules. This study makes a significant contribution to improving the efficiency of BTQ mentoring activity scheduling, as well as demonstrating the potential of PSO in solving other scheduling problems.

This study aims to find out and analyze the study of the default judiciary in the implementation of the lending agreement between creditors and debtors based on case number 71/PDT. G/2023/PN KPG. This research is a normative law research that uses primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The approach methods used in this study include the Case Approach, the Conceptual Approach, and the Statute Approach. The researcher performs this technique by collecting source materials and then doing so by reading, studying, analyzing, recording and interpreting points related to the problems or legal issues raised by the researcher. The results of this study show (1) The form of default committed by the defendants or debtors as contained in decision number 71/Pdt. G/2023/PN. Kpg The form of default committed by the debtors and/or the defendants as the judgment in question is a form of default "carrying out the achievement but not as it should" (2) The legal consequences that must be borne by the defendants are having to pay compensation that is many times the amount of the previous loan, namely from Rp. 350,000,000,- (three hundred and fifty million) to Rp. 612,847,022,-  (six hundred and twelve million eight hundred and forty-seven twenty-two rupiah) and must pay the cost of the case and must give up the bail if seven days after the legally effective judgment remains to be confiscated and the factors that cause the perpetrators of the default can be categorized into internal factors and external factors.

Default, or breach of contract, is a common problem in business transactions and can have significant impacts, both financially and non-financially. This article analyzes the various forms of default, such as failure to fulfill obligations, delays, or non-performance in accordance with the agreement. The impact of default is not only directly related to financial losses—for example through fines or damages—but can also damage business relationships and the company's reputation. Therefore, good contract design is very important in reducing this risk. Effective contract design should include clear clauses regarding obligations, deadlines, and sanctions that apply in the event of a breach. Penalty clauses are often used to provide incentives for the parties involved to fulfill their obligations. Furthermore, in the context of globalization and international transactions, it is important for contracts to include clear dispute resolution mechanisms, such as mediation or arbitration, to avoid escalation of problems. This article aims to provide practical guidance for companies in designing contracts that not only reduce the risk of default, but also ensure the sustainability of mutually beneficial business relationships. With a thorough understanding of legal risks and the implementation of appropriate mitigation measures, companies can maintain smooth operations and prevent major losses due to default.   Keywords : Default, Breach Of Contract, Contract Drafting, ,, , Mediation, Arbitration, Corporate Reputation, Risk Management.

The phenomenon of law enforcement in Indonesia today often causes controversy, polemics, resistance, protests or sharp criticism from various groups. The opinions of various parties who disagree with this legal process are often based on the assumption of harming the legal justice of the community who actually no longer agree with the formal legal process through the criminal justice system. One concept that is considered appropriate to overcome various legal problems as described above is to use the restorative justice principle approach. The purpose of this study is to determine the regulation of criminal law related to the settlement of criminal cases by the police and prosecutors by applying the principle of restorative justice based on progressive legal theory. The method used in this study is the normative juridical method. The results of this study provide an overview that: First, Legal regulations related to the settlement of criminal cases by police investigators and prosecutors using the principle of restorative justice are regulated in Articles 13 to 15 of the Chief of Police Regulation Number 8 of 2021 concerning Handling of Criminal Acts Based on Restorative Justice (PTPBKR) and Articles 4, 5 and 6 of the Republic of Indonesia Prosecutor's Office Regulation Number 15 of 2020 concerning Termination of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice (PPBKR). Second, The procedures for resolving criminal cases using the restorative justice principle approach by the police are regulated in Articles 11 to 18 of the PTPBKR, while the procedures for resolving criminal cases using the restorative justice approach by the prosecutor's office are regulated in Articles 7 to 14 of the PPBKR

One of the nutritional problems that often occur in school children is the habit of consuming snacks. Snacks sold in the school environment often do not meet food safety and nutrition standards. Students of SMAN 35 Jakarta spend a lot of time at school and mostly consume food available in the school canteen. While the school canteen is dominated by traders who provide packaged food and beverages. Their decision in choosing the food and beverages consumed will certainly affect their health status. This study aims to increase knowledge about food label information, through this activity it is also expected that students will become wiser in choosing packaged foods to suit their body's needs to achieve optimal nutrition. Educational materials are delivered through interactive lectures with the support of visual aids in the form of e-booklets. Based on the results of community service activities in the form of nutrition education at SMAN 35 Jakarta, there is an increase in the knowledge and ability of students about the importance of knowing the nutrition information label on packaged products. Through this activity, it is also expected that students will become wiser in choosing packaged foods to suit their body's needs to achieve optimal nutrition.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that weakens the immune system. HIV in pregnant women is one of the major health problems that is of concern throughout the world. In this case report, a patient aged 38 years G3P2A0, gestational age 37-40 weeks with complaints of coughing, shortness of breath, weight loss, burning sensation in the mouth in the form of white lesions that almost fill the entire oral cavity. The patient has a history of glandular TB and has received treatment for 6 months in the past 2 years. On the physical examination of the patient, the general condition of the patient was found to be seriously ill, composure of consciousness, blood pressure 100/70 mmHg, pulse rate: 78x/I, respiratory rate: 20x/I, temperature: 36.8ºC, SpO2: 98%, body weight 40 kg and height 157 cm. On examination of the general status of the skin, a reddish rash in the form of small vesicles was found on the right and left arms, back, neck and head. In the mouth and throat, white spots were found in the oral cavity, from the sides of the tongue to the throat. Laboratory investigations showed decreased hemoglobin levels, electrolyte imbalance, hypoalbumin. Serological examination revealed HIV (+) reactivity. Investigation of a PA chest photo showed infiltrate spots at the apex of the left medial lobe. Patients diagnosed with Std IV HIV + oesophageal candidiasis + pulmonary TB + hypoalbuminemia + anemia were given non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments.

The principle of democracy and justice in general election (electoral justice) is that community involvement is absolute. General elections are a means of people’s sovereignty which is carried out directly, generally, freely, secretly, honestly and fairly and must meet the principles as referred to in Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning elections. The main problemsin the results of this research are: (1) How to realize clean, democratic and digfinified legislative elections, from the perspective of Constitutional Law? (2) Will there be money politics in the implementation of the 2024 elections, and what is the role of Bawaslu in handling these problems?. This research is a normative legal research, supported by empirical legal research, so that the data sources used are secondary data sources, primary data sources. Secondary data sources are obtained through literature, laws, and other literature, and supported by primary data obtained from findings in the field. Data are analyzed descriptively-qualitatively. The results of this study indicate that: (1) The implementation of clean and democratic general elections according to Constitutional Law in East Nusa Tenggara uses independent independence, functional independence, personal independence, and the principle of equality. (2) The role of Bawaslu in handling political money actions in East Nusa Tenggara seems to be still very minimal due to the welfare factor of the community which is still far from good standards so that it is still very difficult to report perpetrators of political money. Suggestions: (1) The public should be more vigilant against prospective leaders who do not have a sense of responsibility by buying votes. (2) The government should be more assertive in its level of supervision so that prospective leaders who engage in political corruption (money politics) should be crossed off the list of prospective political participants.

Stunting does not occur in a short time, but is a long and repeated process of malnutrition starting from the womb. Efforts to prevent stunting can be done starting from adolescence. The health status of adolescents determines the quality of life as adults, especially adolescent girls. The most common health problem in adolescent girls is nutritional problems, namely anemia. Adolescent girls who suffer from anemia are at risk of becoming women of childbearing age with anemia, then becoming pregnant women with anemia, and even experiencing protein energy deficiency. The activity method is carried out by providing counseling using the Pocket Book on Anemia in the work area of ​​the Perumnas II Health Center to participants who attended as many as 30 Adolescent Girls. Community service activities have been carried out and have received a good response from adolescent girls. The pocket book distributed to participants functions as an effective tool to remind and reinforce the material that has been delivered during the counseling.

The maternal mortality rate is an indicator of health status and is one of the health problems in the world. Brebes Regency is one of the contributors to the highest maternal mortality rate in Central Java. In 2021, the Bumiayu Regional General Hospital contributed to the Maternal Mortality Rate in Brebes Regency by 15 cases. The purpose of this research is to be able to provide comprehensive midwifery care for Mrs. The research method used is qualitative descriptive research with a case study approach. The case study carried out is in the form of comprehensive midwifery care that examines pregnancy, childbirth, newborns, postpartum and family planning with Varney's 7-step midwifery management and SOAP. The results of the pregnancy were found to be anemia and CED, delivery by caesarean section, the newborn was normal, during the neonatal period physiological jaundice was found, then appropriate management was carried out so that it could be resolved, during the postpartum period no problems were found, the mother used MOW KB. The conclusion obtained was that care had been carried out in accordance with midwifery service standards and the problem of anemia and CED had not been resolved