Publication Search

Children in conflict with the law (ABH) are part of a vulnerable group that requires a special legal approach and social protection. The development of the concept of the juvenile criminal justice system in Indonesia has undergone a significant transformation since the enactment of Law No. 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System (SPPA). This law emphasizes the importance of a restorative justice approach and the resolution of juvenile cases from the formal justice system to a more humane and rehabilitative form. The Correctional Center (BAPAS) as an institution tasked with carrying out guidance and supervision of correctional clients including children, plays a central role in this process. Starting from the pre-adjudication, adjudication, to post-adjudication stages, BAPAS is responsible for ensuring that children's rights are protected and children receive guidance in accordance with the principle of the best interest of the child. However, in practice, there are still many challenges in implementing the role of BAPAS. Starting from limited resources, lack of coordination between institutions, to delays in the preparation of community service and child assistance. Therefore, it is necessary to review the effectiveness and challenges in implementing the BAPAS function within the framework of child rehabilitation and reintegration.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide due to impaired blood and oxygen supply to the heart muscle. This study aims to explore the potential of two natural compounds—kaempferol from Moringa oleifera and geranylated chalcone (GTDC) from Artocarpus altilis—as therapeutic candidates for CHD through a molecular docking approach. Medicinal chemistry analysis revealed that kaempferol exhibits significant affinity for the NF-κB protein, forming key hydrogen bonds with residues involved in the inflammatory process of atherosclerosis. Meanwhile, GTDC demonstrates strong binding to the P2Y12 receptor, which plays a crucial role in platelet aggregation, with a docking score lower than that of the natural ligand ADP. Structurally, hydroxyl group positioning and the lipophilic geranyl chain enhance both bioactivity and pharmacokinetic properties. In conclusion, a medicinal chemistry approach involving in silico docking, structure–activity relationship (SAR) analysis, and ligand optimization strategies confirms the potential of kaempferol and GTDC as promising multifunctional therapeutic agents for CHD. Further validation through in vivo studies and clinical testing is required.    

The rapid development of information technology in the digital era has presented new challenges in the protection of personal data. The government as the state administrator has a constitutional obligation to protect the rights of citizens, including the right to privacy. This study aims to analyze the form of government legal accountability in ensuring the protection of people's personal data amidst the increasing threat of information leaks and protection. The research method used is normative juridical with a regulatory-legislative approach as well as case studies and also the opinions of relevant experts. The research findings show that although there are legal instruments such as Law Number 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection, the effectiveness of its implementation is still limited by a number of factors, including weak supervision. The results of the analysis show that although regulations such as the Personal Data Protection Law have been present, implementation in the field still faces various obstacles, both in terms of law enforcement, public digital literacy, and transparency of permits. The government has a responsibility not only normatively, but also factually to protect personal data through policies that favor the public interest. The government is required not only to form regulations, but also to carry out supervisory and enforcement functions effectively and accountably, and sustainably in order to protect fundamental rights. Therefore, the government's legal responsibility must be realized through consistent real actions in ensuring the security of personal data in the digital era.

This research explores the process of designing a user interface for the SDIT Attaqwa Ambulu website, aimed at serving as a centralized digital information platform. It addresses the school’s communica-tion challenges, which still rely on traditional media like brochures and inconsistent social media management. A qualitative descriptive method was employed, using interviews, observations, and ques-tionnaires for data collection. The findings indicate a strong demand from parents and the local community for a digital platform that de-livers clear, organized, and visually appealing content. The design development process included audience identification, needs analy-sis, formulation of visual and verbal concepts, creation of wireframes, user flow mapping, and high-fidelity design work. Vali-dation involved guidance from academic advisors, feedback from stakeholders, and critique from a UI/UX practitioner—focusing on layout consistency, color readability, and the use of functional ele-ments such as buttons and cards. The final output is a user-friendly website design that combines a modern aesthetic with Islamic visual identity, aiming to enhance the school’s branding and improve pub-lic access to essential information.

This meta-analysis systematically and comprehensively examines the structural and functional roles of the extended family in moderating the psychological impact of war trauma in the Middle East by compiling data from 47 independent studies involving 12,483 participants published between 2000 and 2023. An analytical approach using a random-effects model revealed that the presence and involvement of the extended family demonstrated a statistically significant moderating effect on the reduction of PTSD symptoms, anxiety, and depression, with an association strength of r = .42 (p < .001). Further meta-regression results indicated that support from the extended family contributed to a 37.8% reduction in PTSD symptoms (β = -.378, SE = .042, p < .001), a 29.4% decrease in anxiety levels (β = -.294, SE = .038, p < .001), and a 31.2% reduction in depressive symptoms (β = -.312, SE = .040, p < .001). Analysis of moderator variables showed that the protective effect of the extended family structure was more pronounced among children (r = .48) compared to the adult population (r = .38) and more salient among females (r = .45) than males (r = .39), indicating demographic sensitivity to the type of collective support received. Moreover, the high heterogeneity across studies (I² = 76.3%) indicated significant contextual and methodological diversity, though it did not obscure the core findings. These results contradict the theoretical emphasis advanced by Nakeyar and Frewen (2016) and Atallah (2017), who prioritized the role of the nuclear family in post-war healing contexts. In contrast, this study found that the extended family configuration has provided a more comprehensive and multidimensional form of psychological protection rooted in the distinct collectivistic values of Middle Eastern societies. Ultimately, these findings expand the conceptual horizon for understanding resilience mechanisms to trauma within non-Western cultural landscapes and open new possibilities for developing extended family-based interventions in the context of post-conflict psychosocial reconstruction.

The competitiveness of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia often faces obstacles due to limited product packaging that fails to adequately reflect product quality, uniqueness, and brand identity. Packaging is not merely a protective container but also a strategic communication tool that influences consumer perceptions, shapes brand image, and supports market expansion. This community service program was carried out at the Banana Chips MSME “Bu Tini” in Semarang, which previously relied on simple plastic packaging without graphic design, brand logo, or product information. The main objective of this program was to assist the MSME in developing both the design and functional aspects of packaging as a strategic effort to strengthen branding, enhance product value, and improve competitiveness. The methodology applied was community-based and participatory, consisting of field observation, focus group discussions, collaborative design with the business owner, and prototype testing of new packaging. The results demonstrate that the redesigned packaging highlights a stronger visual identity through logos, colors, and slogans, while also ensuring practicality, durability, and compliance with food safety standards. Furthermore, the new packaging improved information clarity regarding composition, expiration date, and producer details, which significantly increased consumer trust in hygiene and quality. From a broader perspective, the activity fostered social transformation by raising awareness among the owner and workers about the importance of branding and professional packaging, developing new skills, and positioning the MSME as a role model for similar businesses in the community. This program implies that packaging development is not solely a visual improvement but a strategic branding instrument that can support MSMEs in achieving sustainability and greater competitiveness in local, regional, and potentially digital markets.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of varying honey concentrations on the antioxidant activity, chemical properties, and organoleptic quality of a probiotic kombucha beverage prepared from Clitoria ternatea L. The research was motivated by increasing exposure to free radicals due to environmental pollution and the demand for alternative natural antioxidants. Kombucha was produced with honey concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30% (w/v), and analyses were performed using the DPPH assay for antioxidant activity, measurements of pH, total acidity, and total phenolic content for chemical properties, as well as sensory evaluations by trained panelists. The results showed that kombucha with 10% honey exhibited the lowest IC₅₀ value, indicating the highest antioxidant activity, while higher concentrations increased the total phenolic content without significantly enhancing the effective antioxidant potential. These findings suggest that excessive honey addition does not necessarily improve the functional benefits of the product, indicating the need for further formulation optimization to develop a high-quality, marketable probiotic beverage.

Students tend to face demands in their coursework so that changes arise in various individual functional aspects such as physical, psychological and social. This change requires students to be able to adapt, this condition requires students to have high emotional intelligence because it is directly related to everyday life, especially to managing negative emotions. If you have good emotional intelligence, you can have an impact on creating enjoyment in learning, getting rid of things that can disturb and hinder the learning process. One way to increase emotional intelligence is by performing the tahajjud prayer. The lesson of the Tahajjud prayer is maintaining individual psychological health, such as the heart's potential for emotions, the mind for thinking. The aim of this research is to see whether there is a relationship between the Tahajjud prayer and emotional intelligence in students. This research used a quantitative approach with a questionnaire method with 100 students as subjects. The results of this research are that there is a positive relationship between midnight prayer and emotional intelligence. It is hoped that future researchers will use a qualitative approach to find out how the tahajjud prayer benefits a person's emotional intelligence.

The elderly period carries a negative perception because it is considered one of the vulnerable groups in society. They often experience changes in physical health, reduced social support, and the possibility of decreased quality of life. In this case, empowerment of the elderly is important to improve the quality of life and achieve successful aging, as is the empowerment carried out for the elderly at the Al-Falah Health Post Dompet Dhuafa. This study aims to determine what empowerment model is carried out at the Al-Falah Health Post and what programs are carried out in achieving successful aging for the elderly at the Al-Falah Health Post as well as the obstacles and what efforts are made to overcome these obstacles. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research method. Data collection was carried out by interviews, observations, and documentation. And the determination of informants used purposive sampling. The results of this study show a picture of empowerment at the AL-Falah Health Post involving various training for elderly cadres, the achievement of successful aging in the elderly at the Al-Falah Health Post in the forms of achievements include: a) minimizing and low risk of disease, the elderly have awareness and commitment to maintain their health, b) physical and cognitive function that is still maximal allows the elderly to continue learning, maintain physical and mental health, and increase their independence in everyday life, c) social relationships in life at the Al-Falah Health Post create an environment that supports active and beneficial social relationships.  

This study aims to apply integral calculus methods to calculate the volume and arc length of an ice cream cone design shaped like a flower petal. The cone design is modeled using a quadratic function derived from three reference points on the petal curve. Using the solid of revolution method around the y-axis, the calculated petal volume is 150.8 cm³, and the arc length is 7.14 cm. The results demonstrate that calculus-based modeling supports efficient material usage while enhancing aesthetic and functional aspects of packaging. This research highlights the connection between mathematical concepts and practical product design in the food industry

The principle of proportionality plays an important role in ensuring the balance of rights and obligations between the parties in a reciprocal agreement. In the context of Indonesian contract law, this principle functions as a mechanism to prevent inequality that can harm one of the parties, especially in commercial and complex contracts. As stated by Hernoko (2016), the application of the principle of proportionality in commercial contracts aims to create substantive justice through a balanced exchange of rights and obligations between the parties. This study uses a normative legal approach with a literature study method, which involves an analysis of related laws and regulations and case studies. This approach allows researchers to explore the application of the principle of proportionality in various types of reciprocal agreements, including franchise agreements and construction service contracts. For example, a study by Susanto et al. (2021)1 highlights how the principle of proportionality is applied in construction service contracts to ensure a fair distribution of responsibilities between contractors and clients. The results of the analysis show that consistent application of the principle of proportionality can improve justice in contractual relationships. In franchise agreements, for example, Rahmawan et al. (2020)2 found that the application of this principle helps create a balance between the rights and obligations of franchisors and franchisees, who often have different bargaining positions. Thus, the principle of proportionality functions not only as a legal principle, but also as a practical tool to achieve justice in contractual practices.

This study examines the legal consequences and liability arising from actions taken by the Board of Directors and the Board of Commissioners of a limited liability company (Perseroan Terbatas PT) after their official terms of office have expired. Employing a cross-sectional quantitative survey design, a Likert-scale questionnaire was distributed to 270 respondent comprising corporate managers of publicly listed companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (large-, mid-, and small-cap) and corporate law practitioners in Greater Jakarta. Construct validity (KMO = 0.68; Bartlett’s Test p < 0.001) and reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.78–0.84) confirmed the adequacy of the instrument. Descriptive analysis showed moderate mean scores for legal status of actions (Mean = 3.12) and reappointment mechanisms (Mean = 2.75). Pearson’s correlation revealed a significant positive relationship between “ultra vires” actions and civil liability risk (r = 0.582; p < 0.001) as well as criminal liability risk (r = 0.314; p < 0.001), whereas reappointment via the General Meeting of Shareholders (RUPS) correlated negatively with civil (r = –0.423; p < 0.001) and criminal (r = –0.287; p < 0.001) risks. Multiple linear regression reinforced these findings (R² = 0.52 for civil risk; R² = 0.31 for criminal risk). ANOVA indicated that small-cap firms faced the highest civil risk and that practitioners with over ten years of experience reported the lowest concern for criminal risk. These results underscore the need for proactive RUPS scheduling, multi-layered authorization systems, and strengthened compliance functions to mitigate ultra vires risks and reinforce good corporate governance.

The development of digital technology has encouraged organisations to adopt big data analytics in human resource management (HRM), but there are still challenges in leveraging it for effective decision-making. This study aims to investigate the effect of big data utilisation on the quality of HR decision-making and identify the supporting and inhibiting factors for its implementation. A quantitative method with purposive sampling survey was conducted on 100-150 respondents from companies that have implemented big data-based management information systems and HR analytics. Data were analysed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS software. The results showed that big data analytics significantly improved the quality of HR decision-making, with HR digital competencies and organisational culture as important mediating factors. However, challenges related to cultural resistance and limited expertise were found to affect the effectiveness of implementation. The practical implications of this research emphasise the importance of HR digital capacity building and ethical data governance to support the transformation of HRM into an adaptive strategic function in the digital era. This research also contributes to the development of data-driven management theory with a holistic approach that integrates technical, human, and ethical aspects.

The digital transformation of journalism has reshaped how news is communicated and consumed. In an ecosystem dominated by visual content and rapid engagement, emoji have emerged as essential tools for conveying emotional tone, shaping narratives, and enhancing audience interaction. This phenomenon is referred to as emojournalism, the use of emoji within journalistic content to foster emotional resonance and public engagement. This study employs a qualitative approach with a constructivist paradigm and phenomenological strategy. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, netnographic observation, and content analysis of online news shared on platforms like Instagram and Twitter. The analysis utilized Roland Barthes’ semiotic framework, supported by triangulation techniques to ensure data validity. Emoji function as emotional signifiers in news content, influencing audience interpretation and increasing digital interaction. Specific emojis—such as

Indonesia is a developing country located at the convergence of four tectonic plates, making it highly prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, and volcanic eruptions. These frequent disasters highlight the critical need for reliable electricity during emergencies. However, disaster-affected areas often struggle to restore power due to accessibility issues. To address this, alternative energy sources are needed, and Solar Power Plants (PLTS) offer a practical solution. PLTS are easy to implement, depend only on sunlight, and provide clean energy with low carbon emissions. Under clear skies, solar radiation can reach 1,000 Watts per square meter, making it a powerful energy source. Additionally, PLTS systems are adaptable and can be deployed in various formats, including mobile units. This study focuses on designing a Mobile PLTS to support BASARNAS operations in disaster zones. Data collection was conducted using resources from BNPB, BMKG, BASARNAS, and NASA. The analysis includes the geographical characteristics of the site, solar radiation intensity, and the operational dimensions of the BASARNAS Mobile Truck. The study aims to determine the suitable system specifications and estimate the energy production capacity of the Mobile PLTS. The proposed design features 20 solar panels, each with a capacity of 300 Wp, producing an average of 27.70 kWh per day. It also includes 16 batteries for energy storage. The remaining space in the truck can be used for transporting logistics or essential tools, making it a multifunctional unit ideal for disaster response scenarios.

In the context of education in Indonesia, education requires many touches from various parties in the formation of its policies. Considering that the moral crisis is increasing, strict education management is needed. Education is a process of instilling and developing implicit values and norms in every subject, including Islamic religious education and also its teachers. Therefore, not only Islamic religious education teachers have the responsibility to educate students' morals and ethics, this responsibility also applies to all educators. Efforts to improve the quality of Islamic religious education have been widely implemented. The goal is none other than to convey the meaning of education that functions to build the character and morals of a dignified nation in order to educate the life of the nation to build the potential of Indonesian people who believe and fear God Almighty, have noble morals , are healthy, knowledgeable, capable, creative and independent. The existence of shortcomings and advantages in each educational institution will have an impact and require different handling. The right policies and handling will have a good impact and be in accordance with the expectations of an institution. On the other hand, if the management and policies are not considered and adjusted to the educational institution , then failure will be encountered. Each educational institution has different needs and objectives according to the needs, interests and goals to be achieved.

In the ever-evolving business world, employee performance is an important factor in determining the success of a company, including motorcycle dealers. In addition to functioning as dealers, motorcycle dealers also act as customer service centers that have a major impact on customer satisfaction. Training and development are important methods in almost every company because they can improve performance. This study aims to examine the effect of training and development on employee performance at the Antar Putra Cimareme Dealer. The method used is quantitative with multiple linear regression analysis on a sample of 35 people. The results of the study showed that in the partial test (t-test), the t-count value for training (2.374)> t table (1.692) and significance (0.024) <0.05, which means that training has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. For career development, the t-count value (2.483)> t table (1.692) and significance (0.018) <0.05, which indicates a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Overall, training and career development have proven to have a positive and significant effect on employee performance.

Christian religious education in schools has an important role in forming students' morals. This subject not only focuses on teaching religious doctrine, but also on forming character, ethical values, and attitudes that are in accordance with Christian teachings. In the context of formal education, Christian religious education functions as a means of instilling moral values such as honesty, responsibility, love and tolerance. This research aims to analyze how the implementation of Christian Religious Education in schools can influence students' moral formation, as well as the factors that support and hinder this process. The research method used is a qualitative approach with interviews, observation and document analysis as data collection techniques. The research results show that Christian religious education delivered with a contextual approach and relevant to students' lives can have a positive impact on their moral formation. Apart from that, the involvement of teachers who have good moral integrity and creative teaching methods is a determining factor for success. Thus, Christian religious education in schools has a strategic role in creating a young generation who have morals, character, and are able to live according to Christian principles amidst the challenges of the times.    

The selection of group counseling interventions in addressing learners' problems shows high effectiveness because it utilizes group dynamics that support the development of emotional aspects, cognition, and communication skills. Group counseling has an important role in the preventive, curative, and developmental functions of learners, both in terms of mental health, social skills, academics, and career planning. Group counseling is a relevant form of counseling service to deal with learners' problems that are urgent and have similarities, and serves as a means of holistic self-development. The effectiveness of this service depends not only on productivity, but also the perspectives of counseling teachers, students, and the efficiency of implementation, all of which are influenced by the professional competence of counselors according to national standards. Effectiveness itself is understood as success in achieving service goals, which includes internal and external factors of service implementers. In its implementation, different group counseling approaches and techniques can still achieve optimal results when adjusted to the problems and needs of students. The use of the Cognitive Behaviour Therapy approach in group counseling is proven to increase participants' understanding of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, and strengthen group interaction in depth. Strategies and innovations in counseling techniques or methods need to be adjusted to strengthen the effectiveness of the service, while participant activeness and the dynamics of social interaction are important factors in supporting the success of group counseling. Therefore, collaboration between group members is needed so that the counseling process runs smoothly and service goals can be achieved optimally.    

The purpose of this study was to determine how technology functions in social studies learning and how technology affects students' awareness of world issues. This study was conducted through a qualitative approach with a case study as its design. The results showed that the use of technology, such as e-learning platforms, social media, and learning applications, significantly increased student engagement in social studies learning. Technology also gives students access to more information about global issues, such as international conflicts, climate change, and social injustice. Thus, students are trained to have analytical thinking skills and are able to understand the relationship between international events and everyday life. By increasing awareness of global issues, it is hoped that students can foster a sense of empathy, social responsibility, and play an active role in solving global challenges. This study found that the use of technology in social studies learning not only improves students' academic understanding but also makes them more involved in global issues as well as more sensitive and understanding in responding to global challenges.